EP2349747A1 - Reifen mit akustischen verschleissanzeigen - Google Patents

Reifen mit akustischen verschleissanzeigen

Info

Publication number
EP2349747A1
EP2349747A1 EP09760544A EP09760544A EP2349747A1 EP 2349747 A1 EP2349747 A1 EP 2349747A1 EP 09760544 A EP09760544 A EP 09760544A EP 09760544 A EP09760544 A EP 09760544A EP 2349747 A1 EP2349747 A1 EP 2349747A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tire
cavities
sound
pair
channel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09760544A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2349747B1 (de
Inventor
Antoine Paturle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie Generale des Etablissements Michelin SCA
Michelin Recherche et Technique SA France
Original Assignee
Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland
Michelin Recherche et Technique SA France
Societe de Technologie Michelin SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland, Michelin Recherche et Technique SA France, Societe de Technologie Michelin SAS filed Critical Michelin Recherche et Technique SA Switzerland
Publication of EP2349747A1 publication Critical patent/EP2349747A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2349747B1 publication Critical patent/EP2349747B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
    • B60C11/24—Wear-indicating arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T152/00—Resilient tires and wheels
    • Y10T152/10—Tires, resilient
    • Y10T152/10027—Tires, resilient with wear indicating feature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of motor vehicle tires and the detection of their level of wear. As a tire rolls on a ground, its tread that is in contact with the ground wears by friction.
  • An example of a commonly used wear indicator consists of a rib formed at the bottom of a groove of the tire tread and whose height corresponds to the minimum depth of the grooves of the tire necessary for a correct and safe operation of the tire.
  • a disadvantage of this type of wear indicator is that it requires the vigilance of the driver of the motor vehicle and a regular visual check of the condition of his tires.
  • many drivers fail to perform such checks and change their tires too late, for example when during a technical inspection of the vehicle, a garage checks the state of wear of the tires.
  • the invention aims in particular to provide a tire with a new type of wear indicator more effective and safer.
  • the subject of the invention is a vehicle tire, comprising a tread shaped so that, beyond a predetermined radial wear threshold, it comprises at least one pair of first and second cavities “Sound", each first and second sound cavity being respectively arranged in a first and second circumferential groove of the tread, each sound cavity of the pair being connected to the other sound cavity of the pair by a so-called “sound” channel formed in the tread, each cavity of the pair and the associated channel: opening radially towards the outside of the tire, being shaped so as to be closed by the ground in a substantially watertight manner as they pass through the contact area of the tire with the ground.
  • cavities and the associated channel have a particular shape that gives them sound properties, that is to say that these cavities and the associated channel cause a characteristic noise during the rolling of the worn tire.
  • the pair of cavities and the channel connecting them to each other are shaped so as to be closed by the ground in a substantially sealed manner, the air is trapped temporarily during the passage of the pair of cavities. cavities and channel in the contact area of the tire with the ground. However, under the effect of the deformation of the tire in the contact area, this air trapped in the pair of cavities and the associated channel compresses and then expands abruptly at the exit of the contact area when the tread leaves the contact with the ground at the rear of the tire and that consequently the pair of cavities and the associated channel open.
  • This expansion of the air lasts about a few milliseconds and causes a specific noise, sometimes called hissing or pumping noise, depending in particular on the shape and volume of the pair of cavities and the associated channel.
  • This characteristic noise which only appears when the tire is worn beyond a certain threshold, thus forms a sound wear indicator.
  • the noise emitted by the cavities and the associated channel is amplified compared to sound wear indicators which would be arranged elsewhere in the tread.
  • the noise emitted is also amplified by a flag formed by the tire and the ground once the cavities and the associated channel having passed the contact area.
  • This amplification effect flag is maximum when the sound cavities are preferably arranged axially in a central portion of the contact area of the tire.
  • Central part of the contact area means the area of the contact area extending axially over substantially half the width of this contact area under the nominal load and pressure conditions and centered relative to the median plane. central of the tire.
  • the sound cavities can degrade the performance of the tire with respect to a tire without such sound cavities, particularly in terms of evacuation of water through the grooves.
  • the channel connecting the cavities of each pair compensates for this loss of performance while allowing the detection of tire wear.
  • the shape and the volume of the sound cavities and the associated channel are determined so that the frequency and the intensity of the noise produced by the passage of the pair of cavities and the associated channel in the contact area make this noise audible by the driver from the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
  • cavities or a channel whose dimensions would be too large to be completely covered by the ground during its passage in the contact area could not form sound cavities or a channel within the meaning of the invention.
  • a tire according to the invention may further comprise one or more of the following features.
  • the cavities of the pair are substantially axially aligned with each other.
  • the tire does not include any pair of sound cavities nor any associated sound channel.
  • the characteristic hissing of the passage of the sound cavities and the associated sound channel in the contact area appears only when the wear of the -A- tire exceeds the predetermined threshold.
  • the first hissing occurs only when the wear of the tire is such that at least one pair of sound cavities and the associated channel appear on the tread of the tire.
  • the pair of sound cavities and the associated sound channel comprise a mouth defined by a contour formed on the tread, the contour being substantially planar so that the pair of cavities and the associated channel are able to be closed in a substantially watertight manner by a flat ground.
  • the pair of cavities and the associated channel are able to be closed in a simple way by the ground since they do not comprise channels opening on different surfaces of the tread, for example within tread patterns in the tread.
  • each first and second groove having a predetermined depth when the tire is new the tread comprises at least two ribs formed transversely to the bottom of each first and second groove, of predetermined height when the tire is new, substantially equal to the difference between the predetermined depth of each first and second groove and the predetermined wear threshold, the tire being such that the distance separating the two ribs is less than a predetermined distance so that, beyond the predetermined radial wear threshold, each cavity formed by each furrow and delimited by the two ribs is sound.
  • visual wear indicators are also formed by ribs formed at the bottom of circumferential grooves of the tire. However, these visual wear indicators are generally six to eight so that the ribs are far apart from each other.
  • the distance separating two adjacent ribs is much greater than the length of the contact area of the tire with the ground and at no time two neighboring ribs are simultaneously in contact with the ground.
  • the volume defined by the groove and delimited by two neighboring ribs certainly forms a cavity, but this cavity is not sound because it is not able to be closed substantially sealed by floor.
  • the distance separating the two ribs is greater than 15 millimeters and less than 50 millimeters. This distance being much less than the length of the contact area, it is ensured that the cavities delimited by these two ribs and the associated channel are able to be closed in a sealed manner by the ground.
  • the total volume of the pair or pairs of sound cavities and associated sound channel (s) is greater than or equal to 4 cm 3 , preferably 5 cm 3 .
  • Such a volume of cavity is necessary so that, during its passage in the contact area, the intensity of the hissing is sufficient to be distinguished despite the rolling noise of the tire on the ground and the noise of the engine and the chain kinematics associated with it. In addition, this value is low enough to allow to create cavities in a conventional tire without significantly deteriorating its performance.
  • the cavities are closed and embedded in the mass of the tread and, beyond the predetermined radial wear threshold, the channel connects the cavities of the pair so that the cavities and the associated channel be sound. These cavities are therefore invisible on a new tire but appear as tire wear.
  • the channel When the tire is new, the channel is closed and embedded in the mass of the tread and, beyond the predetermined radial wear threshold, the channel connects the cavities of the pair so that the cavities and the associated channel be sound.
  • the tread is shaped so that, beyond the predetermined radial wear threshold, it comprises a plurality of pairs of sound cavities and associated sound channels of identical shapes, each sound cavity of each pair being connected to the another sound cavity of the pair by an associated channel formed in the tread. - Beyond the predetermined radial wear threshold, pairs of sound cavities and associated sound channels are regularly distributed along the circumference of the tire.
  • the circumferential equi-distribution of the pairs of cavities and associated channels makes it possible to obtain a temporal equi-distribution of the noise emitted by each pair of cavities when the tire is rolling at a constant speed.
  • the tire has only one pair of cavities and an associated channel, it also allows a temporal equi-distribution of the noise emitted when the tire is rolling at a constant speed.
  • the noise emitted by such cavities and equi-distributed channels is unique and can therefore be identified and analyzed by means of a suitable detection method.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram of the tread of a new tire according to a first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram of the tread of the tire shown in FIG. 1, in a worn state
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram in radial section of the tread of the tire shown in FIG. 2
  • FIG. 4 comprises three graphs representing the frequency spectrum of the sound produced during the running of a vehicle equipped on its front axle with two tires similar to that of FIG. 2 on a smooth ground with three different speeds
  • FIGS. and 6 are figures similar to FIGS. 1 and 2 of a tire according to a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 shows a part of a tire according to a first embodiment of the invention, designated by the general reference 10.
  • the tire 10 comprises a tread 12 of substantially cylindrical shape, the outer surface of which is provided with sculptures 14.
  • the tread 12 comprises first and second grooves 16A, 16B which are circumferential and parallel, hollowed on the surface of the tire. pneumatic, of predetermined depth when the tire 10 is new. For example, the depth of these furrows is of the order of 8 millimeters for a passenger vehicle.
  • the tread 12 of the tire comprises a set of ribs 18 formed at the bottom of the grooves 16A, 16B, the height of the ribs 18 being predetermined when the tire is new. For example, the height of these ribs is of the order of 3 millimeters.
  • the ribs 18 are regularly distributed along the circumference of the tire 10, the distance between two neighboring ribs being of the order of 20 to 30 millimeters.
  • the tread 12 also comprises a pair of first and second cavities 20A, 20B respectively arranged in the first and second grooves 16A, 16B and a transverse channel 21 associated with the pair of cavities 20A, 20B.
  • the channel 21 is formed in the band 12 and connects the cavities 20A, 20B between them.
  • the cavities 20A, 20B are axially aligned. In a variant, they are axially offset with respect to each other.
  • each groove 16A, 16B and two neighboring ribs 18 respectively form each cavity 2OA, 2OB opening radially outwardly of the tire 10.
  • the channel 21 also opens towards the outside of the tire 10.
  • the height of the ribs 18 is smaller than the depth of the grooves 16 so that two adjacent cavities 20A, 20B include a fluidic communication passage situated above the ribs. 18, that is to say at the top of the ribs 18.
  • the different cavities 20A, 20B adjacent are in fluid communication with each other by a throttling channel delimited by the top of the ribs and the ground 1 1 covering the cavities or by the channel 21.
  • a throttling channel delimited by the top of the ribs and the ground 1 1 covering the cavities or by the channel 21.
  • each cavity 2OA, 2OB and the channel 21 is defined by a substantially planar contour provided on the tread.
  • Each pair of cavities 20A, 20B and the channel 21 associated therewith are distinct and separated from one another.
  • Each cavity 20A, 20B has a length of the order of 20 to 30 millimeters corresponding to the circumferential gap between two adjacent ribs 18 and a depth of the order of 2 millimeters, less than or equal to the initial height of the rib 18
  • the tire 10 comprises two pairs of sound cavities 20A, 20B and two transverse channels 21 associated diametrically opposed so that the pairs of cavities 20A, 20B and the associated channels 21 are regularly distributed along the circumference of the tire 10.
  • the pairs cavities 2OA, 2OB and the channels 21 are of identical shapes. Beyond the predetermined radial wear threshold, the total volume of pairs of sound cavities 20A, 20B and associated sound channels 21 is greater than or equal to 4 cm 3 , preferably 5 cm 3 .
  • each cavity 2OA, 2OB and the channel 21 is defined by a substantially planar contour, it is able to be closed perfectly and hermetically by a smooth and flat floor during rolling.
  • the cavities 20A, 20B and the channel 21 are shaped so as to be closed substantially by the ground during their passage through the contact area of the tire 10 with the ground.
  • Such cavities 20A, 20B and such an associated channel 21 formed on the surface of the tread 10 of a tire which, on the one hand, open radially towards the outside of the tire and, on the other hand, are shaped to be hermetically closed during their passage in the contact area, are qualified as "sound".
  • such sound cavities only appear when the tire is worn beyond a predetermined radial wear threshold and are non-existent below this threshold, especially when the tire is new.
  • FIG. 3 shows a view in radial section of a tire similar to that of FIG. 2 while driving on a floor.
  • This tire 10 is in a worn state and therefore comprises a set of sound cavities 20A, 20B and associated channels 21.
  • the cavities 20A, 20B of each pair are positioned axially in a central portion 32 of the contact area 24 of the tire formed by a portion of a circumferential tread of the tire 10 .
  • the contact area 24 comprises three pairs of sound cavities 26 and three associated sound channels whose radially outer mouth is covered by the ground 1 1.
  • these three pairs of sound cavities 26 and their associated sound channels are hermetically sealed.
  • the contact area 12 of the tire also comprises pairs of sound cavities 28 and their associated sound channels, located upstream of the pairs of closed cavities 26 and their associated channels, which are open because their mouth is not in the area. contact and is therefore not covered by the ground.
  • the pairs of open cavities 28 and their associated channels will progress towards the contact area 24 until their mouth is closed by the ground 11.
  • the tread 12 of the tire 10 also comprises pairs of cavities 30 and their associated channels located downstream of the pairs of cavities 26 and closed associated channels, with respect to the direction of rotation of the tire.
  • the cavity pair 30 and the downstream associated channel shown are open because the ground 11 is not in contact with their mouth.
  • this pair of cavities 30 and the associated channel were closed as located in the area of the contact area 24 of the tire with the ground 1 1.
  • a pair of sound cavities 20 and the associated sound channel successively occupies an upstream position 28 in which they are open, then a position 26 located in the contact area 24 in which they are closed. because covered by the ground, then finally an open position 30 again in which they are no longer covered by the ground.
  • the rotation of the tire causes, for a pair of cavities and a given associated channel, the admission of air inside the pair of cavities and the associated channel, the compression of the air contained in the pair of cavities and the associated channel when they are closed by the ground in the contact area 24, then the expansion of the air contained in the pair of cavities and the associated channel when opening those by separating the tread from the ground.
  • This succession of admission / compression / expansion steps is at the origin of a characteristic noise, sometimes called hissing or pumping noise resulting from the expansion of the compressed air contained in the pair of cavities and the associated channel.
  • the amplitude and the frequency signature of this noise depend in particular on the shape, the volume and the number of pairs of sound cavities and associated sound channels used.
  • the pairs of cavities and associated channels are shaped so that this noise is detectable by a user of the motor vehicle or by an electronic device.
  • the frequency signature of the hissing noise of the pairs of cavities and associated channels also depends on the speed of rotation of the tire as shown in FIG. 4.
  • Figure 4 includes three graphs representing the frequency spectrum of the signal produced at 50 kilometers per hour, 90 kilometers per hour and 130 kilometers per hour.
  • the ordinate scale is arbitrary.
  • the signal-to-noise ratio of these peaks varies according to the type of road on which the tire rolls. Indeed, the rougher the road, the higher the running noise and the lower the signal-to-noise ratio. Furthermore, it is found that, when the road is rough, the closure of the pairs of cavities and associated channels included in the contact area 24 of the tire with the ground is less hermetic so that the sound intensity of the hissing is more low.
  • the tire according to the invention is therefore provided with sound wear indicators.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show a tire according to a second embodiment of the invention. Elements similar to those of the first embodiment shown in the preceding figures are designated by identical references.
  • the channel 21 when the tire is new, the channel 21 is closed and embedded in the mass of the tread 12 and, beyond the predetermined radial wear threshold, the channel 21 connects the cavities 2OA, 2OB of the pair so that the cavities 2OA, 2OB and the associated channel 21 are sound.
  • the channel 21 is embedded in a portion of a circumferential band 32 of rubber interposed between the grooves 16A, 16B forming an axially centered portion of the contact area 24.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)
EP09760544A 2008-11-06 2009-10-27 Reifen mit akustischen verschleissanzeigen Active EP2349747B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0857558A FR2937902B1 (fr) 2008-11-06 2008-11-06 Pneumatique muni de temoins d'usure sonores
PCT/FR2009/052071 WO2010052409A1 (fr) 2008-11-06 2009-10-27 Pneumatique muni de temoins d'usure sonores

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2349747A1 true EP2349747A1 (de) 2011-08-03
EP2349747B1 EP2349747B1 (de) 2012-09-26

Family

ID=40456364

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09760544A Active EP2349747B1 (de) 2008-11-06 2009-10-27 Reifen mit akustischen verschleissanzeigen

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US8833410B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2349747B1 (de)
JP (1) JP5588450B2 (de)
CN (1) CN102196929B (de)
BR (1) BRPI0921425A8 (de)
FR (1) FR2937902B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2010052409A1 (de)

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FR2953164B1 (fr) 2009-12-02 2012-01-06 Michelin Soc Tech Procede de detection de l'usure d'un pneumatique
FR2954225B1 (fr) * 2009-12-18 2012-05-11 Michelin Soc Tech Pneumatique munis de temoins d'usure sonores multiniveaux
FR2954224B1 (fr) * 2009-12-18 2013-05-10 Michelin Soc Tech Procede de detection univoque du seuil d'usure d'un pneumatique
FR2976520B1 (fr) 2011-06-15 2014-05-09 Michelin Soc Tech Pneumatique comprenant des temoins d'usure sonores monobarettes
FR2976522B1 (fr) 2011-06-15 2014-05-09 Michelin Soc Tech Pneumatique munis de temoins d'usure sonores multiniveaux
FR2976521B1 (fr) * 2011-06-15 2016-09-09 Soc De Tech Michelin Procede de detection univoque du seuil d'usure d'un pneumatique
FR2976852B1 (fr) 2011-06-23 2016-12-23 Soc De Tech Michelin Pneumatique muni de canaux sonores
FR2981009B1 (fr) 2011-10-06 2013-12-20 Michelin Soc Tech Procede perfectionne de detection de l'usure d'un pneumatique
FR2999997B1 (fr) 2012-12-21 2015-02-06 Michelin & Cie Vehicule comprenant des moyens de detection du bruit genere par un pneumatique
USD768053S1 (en) * 2013-09-10 2016-10-04 Cooper Tire & Rubber Company Tire tread with square visual wear indicator
USD772145S1 (en) * 2013-09-10 2016-11-22 Cooper Tire & Rubber Company Tire tread with square visual wear indicator
USD768558S1 (en) * 2013-09-10 2016-10-11 Cooper Tire & Rubber Company Tire tread with linear hole pattern visual wear indicator
USD770362S1 (en) * 2013-09-10 2016-11-01 Cooper Tire & Rubbery Company Tire tread with circular hole pattern visual wear indicator
FR3015036B1 (fr) 2013-12-18 2016-01-22 Michelin & Cie Methode de detection acoustique de l'etat de la route et du pneumatique
CN106537995B (zh) * 2014-08-06 2019-12-10 Lg电子株式会社 发送上行链路信号的方法和用户设备、以及接收上行链路信号的方法和基站
FR3058930A1 (fr) 2016-11-21 2018-05-25 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Procede de controle et/ou de suivi de l'utilisation d'un pneumatique
KR101978713B1 (ko) * 2017-11-17 2019-05-15 넥센타이어 주식회사 마모 한계를 알리는 소리 발생부를 구비한 차량용 타이어
AU2020220054A1 (en) 2019-08-30 2021-03-18 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Tire wear state estimation system and method employing footprint length
AU2020220060A1 (en) 2019-08-30 2021-03-18 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Method for extracting changes in tyre characteristics
US11981163B2 (en) 2019-08-30 2024-05-14 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Tire wear state estimation system and method employing footprint shape factor
KR102414624B1 (ko) * 2020-10-13 2022-06-30 넥센타이어 주식회사 마모를 소리로 인지할 수 있는 공기입 타이어

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2010052409A1 (fr) 2010-05-14
US8833410B2 (en) 2014-09-16
BRPI0921425A8 (pt) 2016-06-21
JP5588450B2 (ja) 2014-09-10
US20110259490A1 (en) 2011-10-27
CN102196929B (zh) 2014-04-23
JP2012507444A (ja) 2012-03-29
FR2937902B1 (fr) 2011-12-09
CN102196929A (zh) 2011-09-21
EP2349747B1 (de) 2012-09-26
BRPI0921425A2 (pt) 2016-01-05
FR2937902A1 (fr) 2010-05-07

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