EP2319792B1 - Method and device for checking the braking system of a lift assembly - Google Patents
Method and device for checking the braking system of a lift assembly Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2319792B1 EP2319792B1 EP20100014212 EP10014212A EP2319792B1 EP 2319792 B1 EP2319792 B1 EP 2319792B1 EP 20100014212 EP20100014212 EP 20100014212 EP 10014212 A EP10014212 A EP 10014212A EP 2319792 B1 EP2319792 B1 EP 2319792B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- brake
- elevator
- power transmission
- brake shoe
- circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/0006—Monitoring devices or performance analysers
- B66B5/0037—Performance analysers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
- B66B5/0087—Devices facilitating maintenance, repair or inspection tasks
- B66B5/0093—Testing of safety devices
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for checking the brake function of a service brake of an elevator installation with an at least two-circuit brake unit.
- Elevator systems are installations in need of monitoring and are inspected annually by the responsible inspection body (ZÜS). This exam is divided into main exams and intermediate exams. During these tests, the safety-related functions of the system are tested. In the main inspection (HU) comes in addition to the test of the brake unit.
- ZÜS responsible inspection body
- the brake unit of elevator systems is equipped with a minimum of two-circuit braking system. During the main inspection, the function of each individual brake must be proven. Without this proof, the system must be shut down.
- the required testing procedure must be carried out by specially trained service technicians. This requires intervention in the control system for bridging safety devices as well as several special tools, special tools for brake release, a substructure of the counterweight and test weights of up to 1.6 t. For this reason, it is desirable to reduce the effort to check the braking device.
- a method for checking the braking device in a cable elevator system is known.
- the effectiveness of the braking device is determined by first determining the load in the car by means of a load-measuring device. If the car is detected as empty, the drive performs at certain times with the brake device open a ride at rated speed, which is canceled by a controlled emergency stop by means of the braking device. In this case, the frequency-controlled drive motor is disconnected from the power supply. As a result, the electromagnets of the brake opening also de-energized, and the brake is applied.
- the braking distance is measured by means of an integrated position measuring system and compared with a braking distance reference value. This can be done separately for both circuits in a dual-circuit brake holding system. The procedure is carried out regularly, for example at intervals of one day, automatically.
- the object is achieved by means of a method according to claim 1 and with a device required for the implementation of the method according to claim 3.
- the method according to claim 1 exploits that all brake circuits are opened by the elevator control when the car is set in motion.
- the fixing of the brake shoes is done by a mechanical external action.
- braking can be initiated. This can be achieved, for example, by triggering emergency braking. Since each elevator control must be able to implement an emergency stop, it is not necessary to intervene in the elevator control.
- the brake shoes of one brake circuit are fixed in the open position, the entire braking power must be provided by the other brake circuit. The braking distance of the car is thereby extended compared to the functioning regular operation.
- the procedure must ensure that the fixed brake shoes that are inactive during the test can be quickly released from the fixation so that the car ultimately works with all brake circuits but brought to a halt.
- a power transmission bracket is attached by means of a retaining device to a brake shoe.
- the power transmission bracket can be supported, for example, on a suitable, resilient part of the housing of the elevator drive.
- the assembly of the power transmission bracket to a brake shoe is advantageously carried out when the brake, ie at a standstill of the car.
- the brake shoe shifts away from the brake plate due to the tensile force of the electromagnet, whereby it also shifts relative to the surrounding housing.
- the power transmission bracket, which is fixed to the brake shoe is thus also moved and thereby moved away from the housing.
- the patent claim 2 describes an advantageous embodiment of the main claim.
- the device required to carry out the method is described in claim 3. It maintains an open brake circuit due to a mechanical, external action independent of the elevator control. This is done by a power transmission bracket, which can be attached to a brake shoe by means of a retaining device.
- the power transmission bracket can be supported, for example, on a suitable, resilient part of the housing of the elevator drive.
- the closing force of the brake shoe is applied by a strong return spring.
- a strong electromagnet acts against the closing force of the spring and pulls the brake shoe away from the brake plate.
- the assembly of the power transmission bracket to a brake shoe is advantageously carried out when the brake, ie at a standstill of the car.
- the brake shoe shifts away from the brake plate due to the tensile force of the electromagnet, whereby it also shifts relative to the surrounding housing.
- the power transmission bracket, which is fixed to the brake shoe is thus also moved and thereby moved away from the housing.
- the resulting gap between the housing and the power transmission bracket is now bridged by an adjusting member, whereby a suitable force to be selected are expended by the variably adjustable adjusting member got to.
- the brake shoe on the power transmission bracket which is supported on the adjusting member on the housing remains fixed in the open state, when the brake shoe is no longer held by an electromagnet against the force of the return spring when initiating the braking.
- the retaining device is realized by a thread in the brake shoe and a matching screw on the transmission hanger.
- the brake shoe could be provided with a screw and be held on the power transmission bracket of a corresponding mother. It is quite conceivable that other retaining devices can be used.
- the adjusting member consists of a pressure cylinder which is guided in a pressure piston, wherein an automatic or manually operated pump builds up the pressure which drives the pressure cylinder in the pressure piston.
- an automatic or manually operated pump builds up the pressure which drives the pressure cylinder in the pressure piston.
- FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a brake system with two brake circuits, both brake circuits from a common brake plate (2), each of a brake shoe (3, or 4), return spring (9, or 10) and an electromagnet (6, or 5) consist. Both brake circuits are housed in a common housing (1). Each brake shoe has two threaded holes for each M10 hexagon screw. In the plan view, only the respective upper holes are shown (7, or 8). The housing surrounding the brake system also has holes that are mounted just above the threaded holes of the otherwise completely covered by the housing brake shoes.
- FIG. 2 the scheme of hydraulics is shown, by means of which the force is built up on the power transmission bracket (18) to keep a brake circuit open.
- the hydraulic pressure source (11) can originate, for example, from a hand pump.
- the valve (12) behind the hydraulic pressure source (11) is used to switch between extension and retraction of the single-acting pressure cylinder (16).
- the hydraulic pressure via the pressure line (15) is transmitted to the pressure cylinder (16), wherein the pressure by means of the manometer (14) can be monitored.
- the throttle check valve (13) is used for controlled retraction of the pressure cylinder (16).
- the hydraulic oil is stored in the tank (17).
- FIG. 3 shows an exemplary power transmission bracket (18), which must be prepared in each case depending on the dimensions of the holes in the brake shoes for the brake system.
- the holes (20) for the retaining screws are contained in the tubular spacers (19).
- the spacers may also be placed so that the holes (20) for the retaining screws are simply drilled through the power transmission bracket without passing through the spacers.
- the hole (21) in the transmission hanger (18) serves to fasten the pressure piston.
- a brake circuit is in an open state when the brake shoe (3, 4) is pulled against the restoring force of the spring (9 or 10) towards the housing of the brake plate (2). In normal operation, this is done by means of an electromagnet (5 or 6). During braking, the electromagnet (5 or 6) is turned off, so that the brake shoe (3 or 4) is no longer pulled against the restoring force of the spring (9 or 10) of the brake plate (2), but on the brake plate (2) is present. The force with which the brake shoe rests against the brake plate determines how strong the braking effect is.
- the braking effect of the other brake circuit in this example, the brake circuit 2 be repealed.
- the power transmission bracket (18) mounted on the brake shoe (4) of the brake circuit 2 whose braking effect is to be canceled during the test.
- a pressure piston On the power transmission bracket (18) a pressure piston is mounted, which contains a single-acting pressure cylinder (16) with return spring (22) and is connected to a flexible pressure line (15) of about 4 m in length. At the other end of the pressure line (15) is a hand pump (11), which can hydraulically build up a pressure of about 200 bar. On the hand pump are also a pressure relief valve (12), which is set to the appropriate maximum pressure to be selected, which is about 110 bar, a pressure gauge (14) for monitoring the built-up pressure and a return valve (13) to release the pressure to be able to, when the pressure cylinder (16) is to be withdrawn again from the return spring (22) in the pressure piston.
- a hand pump At the other end of the pressure line (15) is a hand pump (11), which can hydraulically build up a pressure of about 200 bar.
- a pressure relief valve (12) On the hand pump are also a pressure relief valve (12), which is set to the appropriate maximum pressure to be selected, which is about 110 bar, a pressure gauge
- the power transmission bracket (18) is screwed into the brake shoe (4) with the aid of two M10 hexagon bolts. Care must be taken that the M10 hexagon bolts are not turned too far into the threads (7, lower threaded hole not to be seen) in the brake shoe (4). This is ensured by the correct spacers (19) of the transmission hanger (18) and the correct length of the M10 hexagon bolts. Depending on the brake holding system to be examined, therefore, the power transmission brackets must either be suitably prefabricated or variably adjustable.
- the cylinder (16) of the pressure piston must be completely retracted during assembly of the power transmission bracket. For this purpose, the return valve (13) of the hand pump (11) is kept open.
- test is carried out in "normal operation". This means that although the system is blocked for passenger traffic, it can still be operated with normal call commands. A downward command causes the car to move to the lowest stop.
- the braking can be initiated. This is done by opening the bolt contact on the elevator.
- the braking distance is considered.
- the length of the braking distance allows conclusions about the state of wear of the brake circuit. When the car is no longer safely stopped, the function of the brake circuit is no longer given.
- the return valve (13) on the hand pump must be opened. Due to the pressure drop in the pressure piston of the pressure cylinder (16) moves back so that the power transmission bracket (18) can no longer be supported on the housing (1). The restoring force of the brake spring (22) is now sufficient again to allow the previously fixed brake shoe (4) to respond again. Thus, the function of the opened brake is restored and the car comes to a halt with the help of both brake circuits.
- the device In order to be able to test the brake circuit 2, the device is mounted in an analogous manner on the previously tested brake shoe (3) of the brake circuit 1 and the method is carried out as described above.
- the device can also be easily adapted to other types of elevator by variations of the spacers of the power transmission bracket.
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- Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Überprüfen der Bremsfunktion einer Betriebsbremse einer Aufzugsanlage mit einer mindestens zweikreisigen Bremseinheit.The invention relates to a method and a device for checking the brake function of a service brake of an elevator installation with an at least two-circuit brake unit.
Aufzugsanlagen sind überwachungsbedürftige Anlagen und werden jährlich durch die zuständige Überwachungsstelle (ZÜS) geprüft. Diese Prüfung ist in Hauptprüfungen und Zwischenprüfungen aufgeteilt. Bei diesen Prüfungen werden die sicherheitstechnischen Funktionen der Anlage geprüft. Bei der Hauptuntersuchung (HU) kommt zusätzlich die Prüfung der Bremseinheit hinzu.Elevator systems are installations in need of monitoring and are inspected annually by the responsible inspection body (ZÜS). This exam is divided into main exams and intermediate exams. During these tests, the safety-related functions of the system are tested. In the main inspection (HU) comes in addition to the test of the brake unit.
Die Bremseinheit von Aufzugsanlagen ist mit einem mindestens zweikreisigen Bremssystem ausgestattet. Bei der Hauptuntersuchung muss die Funktion jeder einzelnen Bremse nachgewiesen werden. Ohne diesen Nachweis muss die Anlage stillgelegt werden.The brake unit of elevator systems is equipped with a minimum of two-circuit braking system. During the main inspection, the function of each individual brake must be proven. Without this proof, the system must be shut down.
Der hierfür erforderliche Prüfvorgang muss durch speziell geschulte Servicemitarbeiter durchgeführt werden. Hierbei sind Eingriffe in die Steuerung zur Überbrückung von Sicherheitseinrichtungen erforderlich sowie mehrere spezielle Werkzeuge, spezielle Hilfsmittel zur Bremslüftung, ein Unterbau des Gegengewichtes und Prüfgewichte bis zu 1,6 t. Aus diesem Grund ist es wünschenswert, den Aufwand zur Überprüfung der Bremseinrichtung zu reduzieren.The required testing procedure must be carried out by specially trained service technicians. This requires intervention in the control system for bridging safety devices as well as several special tools, special tools for brake release, a substructure of the counterweight and test weights of up to 1.6 t. For this reason, it is desirable to reduce the effort to check the braking device.
Aus der
Nachteil dieses Verfahrens ist, dass dabei in die Steuerung des Aufzugs eingegriffen und außerdem der Bremsweg mit Hilfe eines Wegmess-Systems genau bestimmt werden muss. Zur Nachrüstung an bestehende Aufzugsanlagen ist für dieses Verfahren demnach ein entsprechender Aufwand zu betreiben. Außerdem hat die häufige Durchführung des Verfahrens zur Folge, dass die Bremsbacken einem erhöhten Verschleiß unterliegen. Normalerweise wird bei einem normalen Haltevorgang die Bremsung über den Frequenzumrichter eingeleitet, sodass die Bremsbacken nur im Stillstand zum Hatten des Fahrkorbs oder bei einem Notstopp zum Einsatz kommen.Disadvantage of this method is that it intervenes in the control of the elevator and also the braking distance with the aid of a distance measuring system must be accurately determined. For retrofitting to existing elevator systems, a corresponding expense is therefore to be operated for this method. In addition, the frequent implementation of the method has the consequence that the brake shoes are subject to increased wear. Normally, during a normal stop, the brake is applied via the frequency converter so that the brake shoes are only used when the car is at a standstill or during an emergency stop.
Aus der
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Überprüfung der Bremsfunktion eines Bremskreises einer Aufzugsanlage mit einer mindestens zweikreisigen Bremseinheit bereitzustellen, die auch bei bestehenden Aufzugsanlagen ohne Eingriff in die Aufzugsteuerung auskommt und mit geringem Aufwand die herkömmliche Bremsprüfung bei der Hauptuntersuchung ersetzt.It is an object of the invention to provide a method and a device for checking the braking function of a brake circuit of an elevator system with an at least two-circuit brake unit that does not require intervention in the elevator control in existing elevator systems and replaced with little effort, the conventional brake test in the main investigation.
Die Aufgabe wird mit Hilfe eines Verfahrens gemäß Patentanspruch 1 und mit einer zur Umsetzung des Verfahrens erforderlichen Vorrichtung gemäß Patentanspruch 3 gelöst.The object is achieved by means of a method according to
Das Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 nutzt aus, dass alle Bremskreise von der Aufzugsteuerung geöffnet werden, wenn der Fahrkorb in Fahrt gesetzt wird. Durch Fixieren der Bremsbacke eines Bremskreises in der offenen Position kann bei einer nachfolgenden Bremsung die Wirksamkeit der anderen Bremskreise überprüft werden. Das Fixieren der Bremsbacken erfolgt durch eine mechanische äußere Einwirkung. Sobald der Fahrkorb seine Nenngeschwindigkeit erreicht hat, kann die Bremsung eingeleitet werden. Dies kann beispielsweise durch das Auslösen einer Notbremsung erreicht werden. Da jede Aufzugsteuerung einen Notstopp umsetzen können muss, ist es hierfür nicht erforderlich, in die Aufzugsteuerung einzugreifen. Wenn die Bremsbacken des einen Bremskreises in der offenen Stellung fixiert sind, muss die gesamte Bremsleistung von dem anderen Bremskreis geleistet werden. Der Bremsweg des Fahrkorbs ist dadurch gegenüber dem funktionsfähigen Regelbetrieb verlängert. Für die Funktionsfähigkeit des Bremssystems muss auf jeden Fall gewährleistet sein, dass der Fahrkorb allein durch die Bremswirkung der nicht in der offenen Stellung fixierten Bremskreise zum Stehen kommt. Darüber hinaus liefert eine genauere Untersuchung des Bremsweges Rückschlüsse auf den Verschleißzustand der wirkenden Bremskreise.The method according to claim 1 exploits that all brake circuits are opened by the elevator control when the car is set in motion. By fixing the brake shoe of a brake circuit in the open position, the effectiveness of the other brake circuits can be checked in a subsequent braking. The fixing of the brake shoes is done by a mechanical external action. Once the car has reached its rated speed, braking can be initiated. This can be achieved, for example, by triggering emergency braking. Since each elevator control must be able to implement an emergency stop, it is not necessary to intervene in the elevator control. When the brake shoes of one brake circuit are fixed in the open position, the entire braking power must be provided by the other brake circuit. The braking distance of the car is thereby extended compared to the functioning regular operation. For the functioning of the brake system must be ensured in any case, that the car comes to a standstill only by the braking effect of not fixed in the open position brake circuits. In addition, a more detailed examination of the braking distance provides conclusions about the state of wear of the effective brake circuits.
Falls die alleinige Bremsleistung der aktiven Bremskreise nicht ausreichend sein sollte, um den Fahrkorb zum Stillstand zu bringen, muss das Verfahren gewährleisten, dass die während der Prüfung nicht aktiven, fixierten Bremsbacken schnell aus der Fixierung gelöst werden können, sodass mithilfe aller Bremskreise der Fahrkorb letztlich doch zum Halten gebracht wird.If the sole braking power of the active brake circuits should not be sufficient to bring the car to a standstill, the procedure must ensure that the fixed brake shoes that are inactive during the test can be quickly released from the fixation so that the car ultimately works with all brake circuits but brought to a halt.
Um einen Bremskreis mechanisch offen zu halten, wird ein Kraftübertragungsbügel mithilfe einer Festhaltevorrichtung an einer Bremsbacke befestigt. Der Kraftübertragungsbügel kann sich dabei beispielsweise an einem geeigneten, belastbaren Teil des Gehäuses des Aufzugantriebs abstützen. Die Montage des Kraftübertragungsbügels an eine Bremsbacke erfolgt vorteilhaft bei angezogener Bremse, d.h. bei Stillstand des Fahrkorbs. Beim Öffnen der Bremse verschiebt sich dann durch die Zugkraft des Elektromagneten die Bremsbacke weg von der Bremsplatte, wobei sie sich auch relativ zum umgebenden Gehäuse verschiebt. Der Kraftübertragungsbügel, der an der Bremsbacke fixiert ist, wird somit ebenfalls bewegt und dabei vom Gehäuse weg verschoben. Die dabei entstehende Lücke zwischen Gehäuse und Kraftübertragungsbügel wird nun von einem Nachstellglied überbrückt, wobei von dem variabel einstellbaren Nachstellglied eine geeignet zu wählende Kraft aufgewendet werden muss. Dadurch bleibt die Bremsbacke über den Kraftübertragungsbügel, der sich über das Nachstellglied am Gehäuse abstützt, im offenen Zustand auch dann fixiert, wenn beim Einleiten der Bremsung die Bremsbacke nicht mehr von einem Elektromagneten gegen die Kraft der Rückstellfeder gehalten wird.To keep a brake circuit mechanically open, a power transmission bracket is attached by means of a retaining device to a brake shoe. The power transmission bracket can be supported, for example, on a suitable, resilient part of the housing of the elevator drive. The assembly of the power transmission bracket to a brake shoe is advantageously carried out when the brake, ie at a standstill of the car. When the brake is released, the brake shoe then shifts away from the brake plate due to the tensile force of the electromagnet, whereby it also shifts relative to the surrounding housing. The power transmission bracket, which is fixed to the brake shoe is thus also moved and thereby moved away from the housing. The resulting gap between housing and power transmission bracket is now bridged by an adjusting member, wherein from the variably adjustable adjusting member a suitable force to be selected must be expended. As a result, the brake shoe on the power transmission bracket, which is supported on the adjusting member on the housing remains fixed in the open state, when the brake shoe is no longer held by an electromagnet against the force of the return spring when initiating the braking.
Der Patentanspruch 2 beschreibt eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform des Hauptanspruchs.The
Gemäß Anspruch 2 ist es für die Hauptuntersuchung nicht erforderlich, den Verschleißzustand des Bremshaltesystems mithilfe einer Bremswegmessung genauer zu untersuchen. Es ist bereits ausreichend, festzustellen, ob der Fahrkorb trotz Blockade eines Bremskreises sicher zum Halten kommt oder nicht.According to
Die zum Durchführen des Verfahrens benötigte Vorrichtung ist in Anspruch 3 beschrieben. Sie hält einen offenen Bremskreis aufgrund einer mechanischen, von der Aufzugsteuerung unabhängigen, äußeren Einwirkung offen.Dies erfolgt durch einen Kraftübertragungsbügel, der mithilfe einer Festhaltevorrichtung an einer Bremsbacke befestigt werden kann. Der Kraftübertragungsbügel kann sich dabei beispielsweise an einem geeigneten, belastbaren Teil des Gehäuses des Aufzugantriebs abstützen.The device required to carry out the method is described in
Im Allgemeinen wird die Schließkraft der Bremsbacke von einer starken Rückstellfeder aufgebracht. Zum Öffnen der Bremse wirkt ein starker Elektromagnet gegen die Schließkraft der Feder und zieht die Bremsbacke von der Bremsplatte weg.In general, the closing force of the brake shoe is applied by a strong return spring. To open the brake, a strong electromagnet acts against the closing force of the spring and pulls the brake shoe away from the brake plate.
Die Montage des Kraftübertragungsbügels an eine Bremsbacke erfolgt vorteilhaft bei angezogener Bremse, d.h. bei Stillstand des Fahrkorbs. Beim Öffnen der Bremse verschiebt sich dann durch die Zugkraft des Elektromagneten die Bremsbacke weg von der Bremsplatte, wobei sie sich auch relativ zum umgebenden Gehäuse verschiebt. Der Kraftübertragungsbügel, der an der Bremsbacke fixiert ist, wird somit ebenfalls bewegt und dabei vom Gehäuse weg verschoben. Die dabei entstehende Lücke zwischen Gehäuse und Kraftübertragungsbügel wird nun von einem Nachstellglied überbrückt, wobei von dem variabel einstellbaren Nachstellglied eine geeignet zu wählende Kraft aufgewendet werden muss. Dadurch bleibt die Bremsbacke über den Kraftübertragungsbügel, der sich über das Nachstellglied am Gehäuse abstützt, im offenen Zustand auch dann fixiert, wenn beim Einleiten der Bremsung die Bremsbacke nicht mehr von einem Elektromagneten gegen die Kraft der Rückstellfeder gehalten wird.The assembly of the power transmission bracket to a brake shoe is advantageously carried out when the brake, ie at a standstill of the car. When the brake is released, the brake shoe then shifts away from the brake plate due to the tensile force of the electromagnet, whereby it also shifts relative to the surrounding housing. The power transmission bracket, which is fixed to the brake shoe is thus also moved and thereby moved away from the housing. The resulting gap between the housing and the power transmission bracket is now bridged by an adjusting member, whereby a suitable force to be selected are expended by the variably adjustable adjusting member got to. As a result, the brake shoe on the power transmission bracket, which is supported on the adjusting member on the housing remains fixed in the open state, when the brake shoe is no longer held by an electromagnet against the force of the return spring when initiating the braking.
Gemäß Anspruch 4 wird die Festhaltevorrichtung durch ein Gewinde in der Bremsbacke und eine passende Schraube am Kraftübertragungsbügel realisiert. Umgekehrt könnte auch die Bremsbacke mit einer Schraube versehen sein und am Kraftübertragungsbügel von einer entsprechenden Mutter gehalten werden. Es ist durchaus denkbar, dass auch andere Festhaltevorrichtungen verwendet werden können.According to
Nach Anspruch 5 besteht das Nachstellglied aus einem Druckzylinder, der in einem Druckkolben geführt ist, wobei eine automatische oder handbetriebene Pumpe den Druck aufbaut, der den Druckzylinder im Druckkolben antreibt. Somit kann das Nachstellglied auf einfache Weise die Wegdifferenz zwischen Kraftübertragungsbügel und Gehäuse überbrücken, indem der Druckkolben mit einem dosierbaren Druck beaufschlagt wird. Sobald sich eine Lücke auftut, wird der Druckzylinder aus dem Kolben herausgedrückt und liegt wieder am Gehäuse an. Damit bleibt der Kraftübertragungsbügel weiterhin am Gehäuse abgestützt. Bei einem geeignet gewählten Druck, der sowohl vom zu prüfenden Bremshaltesystem als auch vom Zeitverlauf der Prüfung abhängig gewählt werden kann, reicht diese Kraft aus, um die Bremsbacke in der offenen Stellung zu fixieren.According to
Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels und den
In
Ein Bremskreis ist in einem offenen Zustand, wenn die Bremsbacke (3, bzw. 4) gegen die Rückstellkraft der Feder (9 bzw. 10) in Richtung Gehäuse von der Bremsplatte (2) weggezogen wird. Im normalen Betriebsfall geschieht dies mithilfe eines Elektromagneten (5 bzw. 6). Während einer Bremsung wird der Elektromagnet (5 bzw. 6) ausgeschaltet, so dass die Bremsbacke (3 bzw. 4) nicht mehr gegen die Rückstellkraft der Feder (9 bzw. 10) von der Bremsplatte (2) weggezogen wird, sondern an der Bremsplatte (2) anliegt. Die Kraft, mit der die Bremsbacke an der Bremsplatte anliegt, bestimmt, wie stark die Bremswirkung ist.A brake circuit is in an open state when the brake shoe (3, 4) is pulled against the restoring force of the spring (9 or 10) towards the housing of the brake plate (2). In normal operation, this is done by means of an electromagnet (5 or 6). During braking, the electromagnet (5 or 6) is turned off, so that the brake shoe (3 or 4) is no longer pulled against the restoring force of the spring (9 or 10) of the brake plate (2), but on the brake plate (2) is present. The force with which the brake shoe rests against the brake plate determines how strong the braking effect is.
Um nun - beispielsweise im Rahmen einer Hauptuntersuchung - die Bremswirkung des Bremskreises 1 des Aufzugs zu prüfen, muss gemäß Anspruch 1 die Bremswirkung des anderen Bremskreises, in diesem Beispiel also des Bremskreises 2, aufgehoben werden. Hierzu wird der Kraftübertragungsbügel (18) auf die Bremsbacke (4) des Bremskreises 2 montiert, dessen Bremswirkung bei der Prüfung aufgehoben werden soll.In order to check - for example in the context of a main investigation - the braking effect of the
Am Kraftübertragungsbügel (18) ist ein Druckkolben montiert, der einen einfach wirkenden Druckzylinder (16) mit Rückholfeder (22) enthält und an eine flexible Druckleitung (15) von etwa 4 m Länge angeschlossen ist. Am anderen Ende der Druckleitung (15) befindet sich eine Handpumpe (11), die hydraulisch einen Druck von etwa 200 bar aufbauen kann. An der Handpumpe befinden sich weiterhin ein Überdruckventil (12), das auf den geeignet zu wählenden Maximaldruck eingestellt ist, der etwa bei 110 bar liegt, ein Manometer (14) zum Überwachen des aufgebauten Drucks und ein Rückstellventil (13), um den Druck ablassen zu können, wenn der Druckzylinder (16) wieder von der Rückstellfeder (22) in den Druckkolben zurückgezogen werden soll.On the power transmission bracket (18) a pressure piston is mounted, which contains a single-acting pressure cylinder (16) with return spring (22) and is connected to a flexible pressure line (15) of about 4 m in length. At the other end of the pressure line (15) is a hand pump (11), which can hydraulically build up a pressure of about 200 bar. On the hand pump are also a pressure relief valve (12), which is set to the appropriate maximum pressure to be selected, which is about 110 bar, a pressure gauge (14) for monitoring the built-up pressure and a return valve (13) to release the pressure to be able to, when the pressure cylinder (16) is to be withdrawn again from the return spring (22) in the pressure piston.
Der Kraftübertragungsbügel (18) wird mit Hilfe von zwei M10 Sechskantschrauben in die Bremsbacke (4) eingeschraubt. Dabei ist darauf zu achten, dass die M10 Sechskantschrauben nicht zu weit in die Gewinde (7, unteres Bohrloch mit Gewinde nicht zu sehen) in die Bremsbacke (4) gedreht werden. Dies wird durch die richtigen Abstandshalter (19) des Kraftübertragungsbügels (18) und der richtigen Länge der M10 Sechskantschrauben gewährleistet. Abhängig vom zu untersuchenden Bremshaltesystem müssen demnach die Kraftübertragungsbügel entweder passend vorgefertigt oder variabel einstellbar sein. Der Zylinder (16) des Druckkolbens muss bei der Montage des Kraftübertragungsbügels komplett eingefahren sein. Hierzu wird das Rückstellventil (13) der Handpumpe (11) geöffnet gehalten.The power transmission bracket (18) is screwed into the brake shoe (4) with the aid of two M10 hexagon bolts. Care must be taken that the M10 hexagon bolts are not turned too far into the threads (7, lower threaded hole not to be seen) in the brake shoe (4). This is ensured by the correct spacers (19) of the transmission hanger (18) and the correct length of the M10 hexagon bolts. Depending on the brake holding system to be examined, therefore, the power transmission brackets must either be suitably prefabricated or variably adjustable. The cylinder (16) of the pressure piston must be completely retracted during assembly of the power transmission bracket. For this purpose, the return valve (13) of the hand pump (11) is kept open.
Ist der Kraftübertragungsbügel (18) an der Bremsbacke (4) des Bremskreises 2 angeschraubt, kann nun mit der Prüfung des Bremskreises 1 begonnen werden. Damit keine Gefährdung entsteht, wird die Handpumpe mit der angeschlossenen Druckleitung z.B. durch die oberen Schachttüren aus dem Schacht geführt.If the power transmission bracket (18) screwed to the brake shoe (4) of the
Die Prüfung wird im "Normalbetrieb" vollzogen. Das bedeutet, dass die Anlage zwar für den Personenverkehr gesperrt ist, aber trotzdem mit normalen Rufbefehlen verfahren werden kann. Durch einen Abwärtsbefehl wird der Fahrkorb in die unterste Haltestelle verfahren.The test is carried out in "normal operation". This means that although the system is blocked for passenger traffic, it can still be operated with normal call commands. A downward command causes the car to move to the lowest stop.
Mit Hilfe des obersten Außenruftasters wird dem Fahrkorb der Rufbefehl gegeben. Setzt sich die Anlage in Bewegung, werden die Bremsbacken (3 und 4) beider Bremskreise jeweils durch Elektromagneten (5 und 6) von der Bremsplatte (2) weggeschoben. Da sich nun der Kraftübertragungsbügel (18) zusammen mit der Bremsbacke (4), an die er geschraubt ist, mitbewegt und dabei vom Gehäuse (1) weggeschoben wird, entsteht eine Lücke zwischen Gehäuse und Kraftübertragungsbügel. Deshalb muss mit der Handpumpe (11) Druck im Druckkolben aufgebaut werden. Der Zylinder (16) am Druckkolben fährt aus und drückt gegen das Gehäuse (1). Er fixiert dabei die Position der Bremsbacke (4) relativ zum Gehäuse (1). Dadurch verhindert er das Abfallen bzw. Bremsen der Bremsbacke (4), unabhängig davon, ob der Elektromagnet (5) die Bremsbacke von der Bremsplatte (2) wegzieht oder nicht. Nachdem der Druck aufgebaut wurde, kann die Bremsung eingeleitet werden. Dies geschieht durch Öffnen des Riegelkontaktes am Aufzug.With the help of the uppermost outside call button the car is given the call command. If the system starts to move, the brake shoes (3 and 4) of both brake circuits are pushed away from the brake plate (2) by electromagnets (5 and 6). Since now the power transmission bracket (18) together with the brake shoe (4) to which it is screwed, moved along and thereby pushed away from the housing (1), a gap between the housing and the transmission bracket. Therefore, pressure has to be built up in the pressure piston with the hand pump (11). The cylinder (16) on the pressure piston extends and presses against the housing (1). He fixes the position of the brake shoe (4) relative to the housing (1). Thereby, it prevents the falling or braking of the brake shoe (4), regardless of whether the solenoid (5) pulls the brake shoe from the brake plate (2) or not. After the pressure has built up, the braking can be initiated. This is done by opening the bolt contact on the elevator.
Da der Bremskreis 2 in der offenen Stellung fixiert ist, muss die ganze Bremsleistung von dem zu prüfenden Bremskreis 1 aufgebracht werden. Der Fahrkorb kommt deshalb, verglichen mit einer normalen Bremsung, merklich verzögert zum Stillstand.Since the
Zur Analyse der Funktionsfähigkeit des geprüften Bremskreises wird der Bremsweg betrachtet. Die Länge des Bremsweges lässt Rückschlüsse auf den Verschleißzustand des Bremskreises zu. Wenn der Fahrkorb nicht mehr sicher zum Halten kommt, ist die Funktion des Bremskreises nicht mehr gegeben.To analyze the functionality of the tested brake circuit, the braking distance is considered. The length of the braking distance allows conclusions about the state of wear of the brake circuit. When the car is no longer safely stopped, the function of the brake circuit is no longer given.
Um in diesem Fall den Fahrkorb anhalten zu können, muss das Rückstellventil (13) an der Handpumpe geöffnet werden. Durch den Druckabfall im Druckkolben fährt der Druckzylinder (16) zurück, sodass sich der Kraftübertragungsbügel (18) nicht mehr am Gehäuse (1) abstützen kann. Die Rückstellkraft der Bremsfeder (22) reicht nun wieder aus, um die zuvor fixierte Bremsbacke (4) wieder ansprechen zu lassen. So wird die Funktion der geöffneten Bremse wieder hergestellt und der Fahrkorb kommt mithilfe beider Bremskreise zum Stillstand.In order to be able to stop the car in this case, the return valve (13) on the hand pump must be opened. Due to the pressure drop in the pressure piston of the pressure cylinder (16) moves back so that the power transmission bracket (18) can no longer be supported on the housing (1). The restoring force of the brake spring (22) is now sufficient again to allow the previously fixed brake shoe (4) to respond again. Thus, the function of the opened brake is restored and the car comes to a halt with the help of both brake circuits.
Um den Bremskreis 2 prüfen zu können, wird die Vorrichtung in analoger Weise auf die zuvor geprüfte Bremsbacke (3) des Bremskreises 1 montiert und das Verfahren wie zuvor beschrieben durchgeführt.In order to be able to test the
Nachdem die Prüfung beendet ist und die Vorrichtung demontiert wurde, ist der Aufzug wieder frei verfügbar.After the test is over and the device has been disassembled, the elevator is again freely available.
Besonders vorteilhaft bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren und der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist, dass dabei zu keinem Zeitpunkt in die Steuerung des Aufzugs eingegriffen werden muss. Es ist somit wesentlich einfacher, das Bremssystem zu überprüfen, und es besteht außerdem zu keiner Zeit die Gefahr, dass Einstellungen in der Steuerung verändert werden. Weiterhin kommt es zu keiner Zeit zu einer Gefährdung von Personen. Die Prüfung kann vorteilhaft von außen durchgeführt werden. Dies wird durch die ca. 4 m lange Leitung (15) ermöglicht.It is particularly advantageous in the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention that intervention in the control of the elevator does not have to be intervened at any time. It is thus much easier to check the brake system, and at no time there is the danger that settings in the controller are changed. Furthermore, there is no danger to persons at any time. The test can be carried out advantageously from the outside. This is made possible by the approx. 4 m long cable (15).
Die Vorrichtung kann zudem durch Variationen der Abstandshalter des Kraftübertragungsbügels leicht auf andere Aufzugtypen angepasst werden.The device can also be easily adapted to other types of elevator by variations of the spacers of the power transmission bracket.
- 11
- Motorgehäusemotor housing
- 22
- Bremsplattebrake plate
- 33
-
Bremsbacke des Bremskreises 2Brake shoe of
brake circuit 2 - 44
-
Bremsbacke des Bremskreises 1Brake shoe of
brake circuit 1 - 55
-
Bremsmagnet Bremskreis 1Brake
magnet brake circuit 1 - 66
-
Bremsmagnet Bremskreis 2Brake
magnet brake circuit 2 - 77
-
Oberes Bohrloch mit Gewinde für Bremshaltesystem in der Bremsbacke für Bremskreis 2Upper drill hole with thread for brake holding system in the brake shoe for
brake circuit 2 - 88th
-
Oberes Bohrloch mit Gewinde für Bremshaltesystem in der Bremsbacke für Bremskreis 1Upper borehole with thread for brake holding system in the brake shoe for
brake circuit 1 - 99
-
Bremsrückstellfeder Bremskreis 1Brake return
spring brake circuit 1 - 1010
-
Bremsrückstellfeder Bremskreis 2Brake return
spring brake circuit 2 - 1111
- hydraulische Druckquellehydraulic pressure source
- 1212
- Ventil in der hydraulischen DruckquelleValve in the hydraulic pressure source
- 1313
- DrosselrückschlagventilSpeed Controller
- 1414
- Manometermanometer
- 1515
- hydraulische Druckleitunghydraulic pressure line
- 1616
- einfach wirkender Zylindersingle-acting cylinder
- 1717
- Tank für HydraulikölTank for hydraulic oil
- 1818
- KraftübertragungsbügelPower transmission bracket
- 1919
- Abstandshalterspacer
- 2020
- Loch für HalteschraubeHole for retaining screw
- 2121
- Befestigungsloch für DruckzylinderMounting hole for impression cylinder
- 2222
- Rückholfeder für DruckzylinderReturn spring for impression cylinder
Claims (5)
- A method for checking the braking function of a brake system of an elevator with an at least two-circuit brake unit, wherein all brake circuits are opened in that the elevator car is set in motion, and wherein at least one brake circuit is maintained open without intervention in the elevator control due to an external influence that is independent of the elevator control, characterized in that the brake circuit to be maintained open is maintained open mechanically once the elevator car has reached its nominal speed with the aid of at least one power transmission bow (18) that is mounted on at least one retaining device on a brake shoe (3 or 4) of a brake circuit and an adjusting element, by means of which the retentive force of the retaining device on the brake shoe (3 or 4) can be adjusted in dependence on the brake shoe position, wherein the adjusting element is fastened on the power transmission bow (18), and in that a braking manoeuvre carried out with only the remaining closed brake circuits is subsequently initiated and the resulting braking distance is determined and evaluated.
- The method for checking the braking function of a brake system of an elevator according to Claim 1, characterized in that it is determined whether or not the elevator comes to a standstill in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the braking function.
- A device for checking the braking function of a brake system of an elevator according to Claim 1 or 2 that maintains at least one brake circuit open due to a mechanical external influence that is independent of the elevator control, characterized in that it consists of- at least one power transmission bow (18),- at least one retaining device for mounting the power transmission bow (18) on a brake shoe (3 or 4) of a brake circuit,- an adjusting element that is fastened on the power transmission bow (18) and makes it possible to adjust the retentive force of the retaining device on the brake shoe (3 or 4) in dependence on the brake shoe position.
- The device for checking the braking function of a brake system of an elevator according to Claim 3, characterized in that the retaining device is realized in the form of a thread (7 or 8) in the brake shoe (3 or 4) and a corresponding screw on the power transmission bow (18).
- The device for checking the braking function of a brake system of an elevator according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the adjusting element consists of a pressure cylinder (16) that is guided in a pressure piston, wherein an automatic or hand-operated pump builds up the pressure driving the pressure cylinder in the pressure piston.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200910053131 DE102009053131B3 (en) | 2009-11-05 | 2009-11-05 | Method and device for checking the brake system of an elevator installation |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2319792A1 EP2319792A1 (en) | 2011-05-11 |
EP2319792B1 true EP2319792B1 (en) | 2013-07-24 |
Family
ID=43502627
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20100014212 Not-in-force EP2319792B1 (en) | 2009-11-05 | 2010-11-02 | Method and device for checking the braking system of a lift assembly |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2319792B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102009053131B3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2426397T3 (en) |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2263169B (en) * | 1992-01-10 | 1994-08-24 | Otis Elevator Co | Electronic brake stopping distance tester |
DE29512403U1 (en) * | 1995-08-01 | 1995-10-05 | Chr. Mayr Gmbh + Co Kg, 87665 Mauerstetten | Closed-circuit spring pressure dual-circuit brake system with mechanical ventilation of both brake circuits |
FR2792069B1 (en) * | 1999-04-08 | 2001-06-01 | Ainf Sa | METHOD FOR VERIFYING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A BRAKE AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT SUCH A METHOD |
US6325179B1 (en) * | 2000-07-19 | 2001-12-04 | Otis Elevator Company | Determining elevator brake, traction and related performance parameters |
DE102004004714A1 (en) * | 2004-01-30 | 2005-09-01 | Aufzugswerke M. Schmitt & Sohn Gmbh & Co. | Method for checking the braking device in a cable lift installation |
CN101589300A (en) * | 2006-02-14 | 2009-11-25 | 奥蒂斯电梯公司 | Elevator brake condition testing |
EP1870369B1 (en) * | 2006-06-19 | 2018-01-10 | Inventio AG | Method for testing a lift braking device, method for start-up of a lift facility and a device for carrying out start-up |
EP2219984B1 (en) * | 2007-11-14 | 2011-08-17 | Inventio AG | Lift drive and method for driving and detaining a lift car, a corresponding method and a braking device, and method for decelerating and detaining a lift car, and an associated method |
JP4937095B2 (en) * | 2007-12-06 | 2012-05-23 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Braking force test apparatus and test method for elevator hoist brakes |
-
2009
- 2009-11-05 DE DE200910053131 patent/DE102009053131B3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
- 2010-11-02 ES ES10014212T patent/ES2426397T3/en active Active
- 2010-11-02 EP EP20100014212 patent/EP2319792B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE102009053131B3 (en) | 2011-05-19 |
EP2319792A1 (en) | 2011-05-11 |
ES2426397T3 (en) | 2013-10-23 |
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