EP2287530B1 - Unité de mélange pour un brûleur - Google Patents

Unité de mélange pour un brûleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2287530B1
EP2287530B1 EP10008034.0A EP10008034A EP2287530B1 EP 2287530 B1 EP2287530 B1 EP 2287530B1 EP 10008034 A EP10008034 A EP 10008034A EP 2287530 B1 EP2287530 B1 EP 2287530B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
mixing device
air
nozzle
pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10008034.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2287530A3 (fr
EP2287530A2 (fr
Inventor
Thomas RÜTTEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dome Holding GmbH
Original Assignee
Dome Holding GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2287530A2 publication Critical patent/EP2287530A2/fr
Publication of EP2287530A3 publication Critical patent/EP2287530A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2287530B1 publication Critical patent/EP2287530B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber the recirculation taking place in the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/40—Mixing tubes or chambers; Burner heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2206/00—Fluidised bed combustion
    • F23C2206/10—Circulating fluidised bed
    • F23C2206/102—Control of recirculation rate

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mixing device for a burner according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • a burner which have a burner tube, a flame tube adjoining the burner tube and a nozzle arranged in the burner tube, wherein an air nozzle is coaxially arranged in the burner tube, which extends into the flame tube and combustion air from the burner tube in the flame tube leads, and wherein in a transition region between the burner tube and the flame tube recirculation openings are arranged.
  • Such burners with recirculation mixers are referred to as blue burners. Thanks to their flue-gas-cooled flame, blue flame burners achieve the lowest pollutant levels and effortlessly overcome high combustion chamber resistance.
  • Burners are known with axially movable mixing head, ie axially displaceable nozzle and air nozzle.
  • the mixing head is displaceable in the burner tube in order to adjustably change the passage cross section of the recirculation openings, through which combustion gases circulate from the combustion chamber into the flame.
  • Such a mixing device shows, for example, the EP 0 777 084 B1 ,
  • burners with a mixing head fixed in the burner tube.
  • the passage cross section of the recirculation openings is not adjustable as a rule.
  • Such a burner shows, for example, the DE 39 30 569 C2 ,
  • burners with a mixing head fixedly arranged in the burner tube are also known, in which the passage cross-section of the recirculation openings can be adjusted with auxiliary means, for which purpose the burner has to be swung out of the vessel. An adjustment of the passage cross section of the recirculation openings during operation is not possible.
  • the DE 20 2009 002 700 shows a mixing device with recirculation openings, in which means are provided which are arranged axially displaceable within the burner tube and are designed to vary when moving a passage cross-section of the recirculation openings.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a mixing device for a burner which is more versatile and user-friendly.
  • the mixing device for a burner having a burner tube, a flame tube adjoining the burner tube and a nozzle arranged in the burner tube, wherein an air nozzle is coaxially disposed in the burner tube, which extends into the flame tube and combustion air from the burner tube in the flame tube leads and wherein in a transition region between the burner tube recirculation openings are arranged, additionally has recirculation means which are axially fixed and rotatable about their longitudinal axis disposed within the transition region and are formed to vary in rotation about its longitudinal axis a passage cross-section of the recirculation opening.
  • the mixing device thus combines the advantage of an air nozzle fixed axially in the burner tube, which offers a maximum of security against the undesired inflow of leakage air into the stromangrenzende flame tube, with the possibility of adjustable change of the recirculation in a user-friendly manner, characterized in that the recirculation means for varying the Passage cross section of the recirculation openings are arranged rotatably about its longitudinal axis within the transition region, so that opening of the boiler for adjusting the passage cross section of the recirculation is avoided.
  • the recirculation openings are formed as inclined against the longitudinal axis of the burner tube slots. Since, as a rule, the air flowing through the burner tube and the flame tube is set in rotation about a longitudinal axis of the mixing device, i. H. twisted, make the inclined against the longitudinal axis of the burner tube slots ensure that the air flow is impaired as little as possible and less vortex.
  • the recirculation means are formed as an annular element with a peripheral wall, wherein openings are arranged in the peripheral wall.
  • the design as a ring-shaped element represents a particularly space-saving possibility for the realization of the recirculation means, which in a simple manner can be arranged within the burner tube or flame tube.
  • the openings of the recirculation means are formed inclined slots against the longitudinal axis of the burner tube and correspond in particular in shape to the shape of the recirculation openings. This ensures that, on the one hand, the air flow is disturbed as little as possible in the case of twisted air, and the passage cross section can be varied in a simple manner when the recirculation means are rotated, by more or less covering the recirculation openings through the peripheral wall of the recirculation means.
  • the inclination of the slots is formed corresponding to the twisting direction of air flowing through the transition region.
  • the recirculating exhaust gases can thus be supplied via obliquely arranged, oriented in the twist direction and adjustable by twisting slots of the combustion zone to allow optimum mixing of the combustion air, the recirculating hot exhaust gases and the injected cone-shaped aerosol fuel spray.
  • the combustion can thus be stable and very quiet under a blue flame with low NOx, CO and CxHy emissions.
  • the annular element has a bottom with a centric opening. Behind the central opening in particular the flame tube facing the end of the air nozzle and the flame tube facing the end of the nozzle block is arranged.
  • the soil serves in particular as a heat seal between the burner tube and the flame tube in order to reduce heat radiation from the combustion chamber.
  • the central opening of the bottom is formed as a nozzle-shaped outlet opening to allow different outlet cross-sections behind the air nozzle.
  • the recirculation means are arranged on the air nozzle.
  • a flange which is fixed to the bottom of the annular element, is arranged on the outlet opening of the air nozzle facing the flame tube.
  • the flange is welded or screwed to the floor. In this way, an axial fixation of the recirculation means, while a rotation about the longitudinal axis of the air nozzle and recirculation means is possible.
  • the mixing device has an inner space of the burner tube lying interior of the flame tube final cutting disc, which has a central opening, on which coaxially the air nozzle is arranged, which extends into the tube and combustion air from the burner tube leads into the flame tube.
  • the cutting disc to swirl openings in order to twist the air flowing through the burner tube when entering the air nozzle. Twisted air improves the mixing of the combustion air, the recirculating hot exhaust gases and the injected fuel spray.
  • the mixing device has a holder which holds the nozzle coaxially in the burner tube and the air nozzle.
  • the air nozzle is arranged by means of a dog clutch on the holder of the nozzle block, to provide in this way a connection between the air nozzle and the holder and optionally arranged at the air nozzle recirculation means between the recirculation means and the holder.
  • the recirculation means are rotatable by means of a guided inside the burner tube Betusch Trentslements, so as to ensure that no swinging out of the mixing device from the burner for adjusting the Rezikulationsstoff is necessary, but that the recirculation means by means of the actuating element, facing away from the flame end of the Burner tube is led out of the burner, easily adjustable by a user.
  • the holder simultaneously forms part of the actuating element, in order to achieve a structurally simple construction in this way.
  • the transition region is designed as a guide tube for the recirculation means in order to give the recirculation means the greatest possible stability.
  • the air nozzle is arranged axially fixed in the burner tube and the nozzle axially displaceable in the burner tube.
  • a relative movement between the nozzle and a fuel nozzle arranged therein on the one hand and the air nozzle on the other hand achieved by which the resulting Heilauströmquerites is variable.
  • the outflowing air velocity, the amount of air and the air pressure can be changed.
  • the volume of air required for combustion, the air velocity and the air pressure can be adjusted according to a characteristic curve.
  • the nozzle is axially by means of a spindle displaceable, which is structurally particularly easy to implement.
  • the mixing device is arranged in a housing of a burner and the spindle is led out of the housing of the burner, in order to enable an axial displacement of the nozzle block during the operation of the burner.
  • the nozzle can be either manually or automatically, in particular regulated, designed to be axially displaceable.
  • the mixing device comprises a holder which holds the nozzle coaxially in the burner tube and the air nozzle, wherein the holder is secured by means of a mounting plate in the housing of the burner.
  • the actuator plate allows an airtight cover.
  • the actuating plate is rotatably mounted in the housing, to allow in this way a rotation of the holder and more preferably a rotation of the air nozzle and in particular a rotation of the recirculation means arranged thereon in a simple manner from outside the burner, so that a Rotation of the recirculation means and thus a variation of the passage cross-section of the recirculation openings during operation of the burner is possible.
  • the actuator plate is manually or automatically, in particular regulated, rotatable.
  • a locking device is arranged on the spindle, in order to prevent the spindle can be easily pulled out with the nozzle arranged thereon from the burner tube, but also to allow when releasing the locking device, that the nozzle is pulled out of the burner tube can be to allow easy replacement of the fuel nozzle.
  • An inventive burner has a mixing device according to the invention.
  • the air nozzle is guided through an opening of a housing of the burner.
  • the air nozzle preferably seals the housing of the burner by means of a flange disposed on an outlet opening of the air nozzle facing the burner pipe, on the combustion-air side, in particular metallic or by means of a seal.
  • the flange is spring-loaded pressed against the housing of the burner in order to achieve a reliable seal.
  • a thermal insulation is disposed between the recirculation means and the outside of the housing of the burner to additionally reduce heat radiation from the combustion chamber.
  • the burner preferably has, between a fan of the burner and the mixing device of the burner, a connecting channel, which air flowing out of the fan in a first direction in a second direction perpendicular to deflects the first direction, wherein means are provided in the connecting channel, which direct the air in a circular flow about the second direction. In this way, the air is already twisted before entering the air nozzle in order to achieve optimum air flow to achieve a stable flame.
  • the second direction corresponds to a longitudinal axis of a mixing device, so that the air is introduced through the connecting channel in the desired direction in the mixing device.
  • the connecting channel widens in a wedge shape along the first direction in order to further promote the air inflow into the burner tube in the direction of the air nozzle and to increase the static combustion air pressure.
  • the means for directing the air into a circular flow about the second direction are particularly preferably designed as a pipe section with at least one inflow opening arranged in the circumferential wall and a longitudinal axis, wherein the longitudinal axis is parallel to the second direction and the air from the first direction tangential through the inflow opening flows into the pipe section.
  • the desired circular flow results on the inner wall of the pipe section.
  • a passage cross-section of the inflow opening is variable, so that the air quantity and the air speed are variable.
  • Particularly preferred for varying the passage cross section of the inflow opening is a tube with arranged in the peripheral wall Provided opening which is arranged rotatably about its longitudinal axis and which rests, in particular with an outer surface at least in sections on the inner surface of the pipe section. In this way, space-saving means for varying the passage cross-section are provided.
  • the tube has a tangentially arranged baffle, which favors a division of the air flow.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the means for directing the air in a circular flow around the second direction is given by the fact that the means are formed as a pipe section with two diametrically opposed inlet openings arranged in the peripheral wall and a longitudinal axis, wherein the longitudinal axis is parallel to the second direction and the air from the first direction flows tangentially through the inlet openings in the pipe section, wherein between the fan and the pipe section approximately parallel to the first direction an air guide is arranged such that a portion of the incoming air through one of the inlet openings and a portion of the incoming air means deflected by the air deflector flows through the diametrically opposite inlet opening in the pipe section.
  • air guide is arranged such that a portion of the incoming air through one of the inlet openings and a portion of the incoming air means deflected by the air deflector flows through the diametrically opposite inlet opening in the pipe section.
  • the air guide plate is arranged variably within the connecting channel, so that the air quantity of the inlet openings can be distributed differently.
  • An increase the angular momentum of the air column can be achieved by a spiral continuation of the outer radial air channel.
  • a truncated cone is arranged in the pipe section, the tapered portion facing in the direction of the mixing device in order to allow a vortex-free as possible air flow in the direction of the mixing device.
  • the mixing device has a burner tube, wherein the tube section simultaneously forms the burner tube of the mixing device, so that in this way the twisted air flows directly into the burner tube.
  • the burner has a fan, wherein the rotational speed of the fan is continuously variable in order to vary the amount of air required for combustion, the air velocity and the air pressure, in particular in combination with the axially displaceable to the air nozzle, arranged on the nozzle floor fuel nozzle can vary ,
  • the mixing device has a nozzle with a nozzle, via which the fuel is supplied, wherein the amount of fuel is continuously variable, for example by means of a corresponding fuel pump or a corresponding fuel valve is.
  • the variable speed fan and the axially movable nozzle in addition to a single or multi-stage operation of the burner and a modulating operation of the burner is possible.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 show various views of a mixing device 10, which has a burner tube 20, which is supplied by a fan 120 combustion air.
  • the burner tube 20 is followed axially by a flame tube 30. It is in principle possible that the flame tube 30 attaches directly to the burner tube 20 and thus is partially overlapping, with any conceivable connection between the burner tube 20 and the flame tube 30 is possible.
  • the burner tube 20 terminates at an inner side of a housing 110 of a burner 100, wherein the flame tube 30 outside of the housing 110 of the burner 100 by means of an adapter ring 80 is attached.
  • the flame tube 30 has an enlarged diameter relative to the burner tube 20.
  • the mixing device 10 has a longitudinal axis l.
  • the longitudinal axis 1 of the mixing device essentially corresponds to the longitudinal axis of the burner tube 20 and the longitudinal axis of the flame tube 30.
  • the adapter ring 80 with includes.
  • the adapter ring 80 has an end region 81 facing the burner tube 20 and an end region 82 facing the flame tube 30, wherein the adapter ring 80 is attached with its end region 81 to the outside of the housing 110 and has an overlap with the flame tube 30 in its end region 82 and is connected to the flame tube 30 by means of a bayonet closure. Alternatively, a connection can also be made by pressing or welding.
  • recirculation openings 85 are arranged, depending on the connection between the burner tube 20 and the flame tube 30 in an end portion of the burner tube 20 facing the flame tube 30, in an end region of the flame tube 30 facing the burner tube and / or in the adapter ring 80 may be arranged, wherein they are arranged in the present case in the adapter ring 80 are.
  • a cutting disk 50 is used, whose outer diameter substantially corresponds to the inner diameter of the burner tube 20 and which has a central opening 51 through which a nozzle coaxially 40 is guided with a fuel nozzle 42.
  • Coaxially disposed on the cutting disk 50 is an air nozzle 60, which is designed such that it faces the burner pipe 20 has an inlet opening 61 and tapers from the diameter of the inlet opening 61 to an outlet opening 63, which faces the flame tube 30.
  • the air nozzle 60 has at its inlet opening 61 a flange 64, which is formed in the present example by the cutting disk 50.
  • the air nozzle 60 has a substantially conical shape, which may also have a curved outer shell or a frustoconical outer shell. It is also possible that the air nozzle 60 initially has a cylindrical portion, which is followed by a tapered portion.
  • the housing 110 of the burner 100 has an opening 112 through which the air nozzle 60 is passed, wherein the air nozzle 60 seals the housing 110 of the burner 100 by means of the flange 62, ie by means of the cutting disc 50 combustion air side.
  • a seal 66 is disposed between the flange 62 and the inner wall of the housing 110, wherein the flange 62 has an outer diameter which is greater than the diameter of the opening 112 of the housing 110 and the air nozzle 60 at its burner tube end has an outer periphery, the essentially the diameter of the opening 112 corresponds.
  • the flange 62 and the seal 66 are pressed from the inside against the inner wall of the housing 110, for example, spring-loaded.
  • the cutting disk 50 has swirl openings 53 which offset the air flowing through the burner pipe 20 into the air nozzle 60 into rotation about the longitudinal axis 1 of the mixing device 10.
  • a nozzle 40 is axially inserted, via which the fuel, for example, both gaseous and liquid fuel, is supplied.
  • the fuel for example, both gaseous and liquid fuel
  • the fuel exhausts through the fuel nozzle 42 from.
  • the supplied gaseous or liquid fuels may be fossil, synthetic or biogenic fuels.
  • the fuel nozzle 42 may be formed as a fuel nozzle for liquid fuels or as a gas nozzle. It is also possible that the nozzle 40 is formed with a coaxial gas line with an annular gas nozzle in the region of the fuel nozzle 42 for liquid fuels, for example, for oil, so that the burner 100 can be operated in two-stage operation with gas and liquid fuel.
  • the mixing device 10 has two ignition electrodes 55 of a transistor coil ignition, with which the atomized fuel is ignited.
  • the ignition electrodes 55 are angled at their free ends such that their free ends are located at a smaller distance than their non-angled ends, wherein the free ends are bent substantially in front of the outlet openings 63 of the air nozzle 60. Between the two ends of the ignition electrodes 55, the flame is ignited.
  • the fuel nozzle 42 is arranged such that the Flame in the flame tube 30 in front of the outlet opening 63 of the air nozzle 60 extends.
  • the externally mounted ignition electrodes 55 can be changed without disassembling the burner 100.
  • the ignition electrodes 55 can additionally be used as ionization electrodes in ionization current flame monitoring. If no ionization monitoring is used, an optical flame monitoring and / or a direct measurement of the combustion quality is carried out with the aid of a CO or O2 sensor.
  • the mixing device 10 has recirculation means 70, which are arranged axially fixed within the mixing device 10 and with which it is possible to adjust a passage cross-section 86 of the recirculation openings 85 adjustable.
  • the recirculation means 70 are in particular formed as an annular element with a peripheral wall 71, which in an alternative embodiment may have a bottom 72 so as to form a pot-shaped element which is open, for example, in the direction of the flame tube 30.
  • the outer diameter of the circumferential wall 71 of the recirculation means 70 substantially corresponds to the inner diameter of the adapter ring 80, wherein optionally a clearance is provided, but the adapter ring 80 serves as a guide tube for the recirculation means 70.
  • a central opening 73 is arranged, which is upstream of the outlet opening 73 of the air nozzle 60 and the nozzle 40 with the fuel nozzle 42.
  • the ignition electrodes 55 are guided through two further openings of the bottom 72 of the recirculation means 70.
  • the central opening 73 of the bottom 72 of the recirculation means 70 may be formed as a nozzle-shaped outlet opening 74.
  • openings 75 are arranged in the peripheral wall 71 of the recirculation means 70 .
  • Both the recirculation openings 85 and the openings 75 are in particular designed as slits inclined against the longitudinal axis 1 of the mixing device 10, wherein preferably the recirculation openings 85 and the openings 75 substantially coincide in their shape and inclination.
  • the recirculation means 70 are fixed axially in that they abut against the burner tube 20 facing the end of the flame tube 30, which is overlapped on the inside of the adapter ring 80, abutting.
  • the recirculation means 70 are preferably further axially fixed by the fact that the central opening 73 of the bottom 72 is arranged fixed to the air nozzle 60, for example the outlet opening 63 of the air nozzle 60.
  • a flange 64 is arranged, which is fixed to the bottom 72 of the recirculation means 70, for example, welded or screwed.
  • the bottom 72 of the recirculation means 70 can serve in particular as a heat seal between the burner tube 20 and the flame tube 30.
  • an insulation may be arranged between the recirculation means 70 and the outside of the housing 110 of the burner 100 in order to reduce the heat load on the burner chamber.
  • the recirculation means 70 are arranged around their longitudinal axis, which in particular coincides with the longitudinal axis l of the mixing device 10 rotatably within the mixing device 10 and formed to vary the passage cross-section 86 of the recirculation 85 at rotation about its longitudinal axis.
  • the openings 75 are arranged either in alignment with the recirculation openings 85 and thus have the complete passage cross section 86 of the recirculation openings 85 release or upon further rotation, the peripheral wall 71 of the recirculation means 70 at least partially or completely cover the recirculation openings 85 and thus vary the passage cross section 86 up to the complete closure of the recirculation openings 85th
  • the rotation of the recirculation means 70 is effected in particular by means of an operating element guided within the mixing device 10.
  • the actuating element is formed by the air nozzle, which is connected to the recirculation means 70 axially and rotationally fixed, and a rotatably mounted on the air nozzle 60 holder 43 for the nozzle 40.
  • the holder 43 holds the nozzle assembly 40 coaxially in the burner tube 20 and the air nozzle 60.
  • the holder 43 has in particular a first element 43a and a second element 43b, which by means of a dog clutch 44 (see, in particular FIG. 6 ) are rotatably connected to each other.
  • the second element 43b is arranged upstream of the cutting disk 50, which is connected to the air nozzle 60, while the first element 43a is arranged upstream of the second element 43b and upstream connected to an actuating plate 90, by means of which the holder 43 in particular in the housing 110 of the burner 100 is attached.
  • the actuating plate 90 in particular allows an airtight seal of the housing 110 of the burner 100 and is preferably arranged rotatably mounted in the housing 110.
  • the rotational path of the actuating plate 90 is preferably limited by means arranged in the actuating plate 90 groove 92 which is formed as an arc segment, and guided in the groove 92 pin 93 which is non-rotatably disposed, for example, on the outer wall of the housing 110 to clearly recognizable from the outside to be able to adjust the positions in which the recirculation means 70, the recirculation openings 80 either fully open or close completely.
  • a rotation of the actuator plate 90 can be done either manually or automatically, in particular automatically with the aid of a controller.
  • a spring 45 in particular a helical spring 45 is arranged (cf. FIG. 6 ), which is stretched between corresponding circumferential projections on the first element 43 a and the second element 43 b and thus causes a pressing of the second element 43 b, including the separating disc 50 arranged thereon, against the inner wall of the housing 110, so that with the aid of between the cutting disc 50 and the inner wall of the housing 110 arranged seal 66, a seal of the opening 112, through which the air nozzle 60 of the mixing device 10 is guided takes place.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show perspective, partially sectional views of the mixing device 10 according to the FIGS. 1 to 3 , wherein the air nozzle 60 not on the burner tube side the blade 50 is completed.
  • the sealing between the interior of the burner tube 20 and the interior of the flame tube 30 preferably takes place through the bottom 72 of the recirculation means 70.
  • the cutting disc 50 can be dispensed with, in particular, when already twisted air is introduced into the burner tube 20.
  • FIGS. 7 to 10 show various views of the burner 100 with the mixing device 10 according to the FIGS. 1 to 3 from which it can be seen that, in one embodiment, the nozzle assembly 40, including the fuel nozzle 42, is disposed axially displaceable in the mixing device 10.
  • the nozzle assembly 40 in a first position, in which the fuel nozzle 42 in the outlet opening 63 of the air nozzle 60 is during FIG. 8 shows the position of the nozzle block 40, in which the fuel nozzle 42 axially upstream from the outlet opening 63 of the air nozzle 60 is located.
  • a spindle 47 is arranged at the upstream end of the nozzle block 40, which is guided by an adjusting nut 48.
  • the spindle 47 and the adjoining nozzle 40 including the fuel nozzle 42 is rotated depending on the direction of rotation either in the mixing device 10 or out of the mixing device 10 out.
  • the adjusting nut 48 in particular the axial position of the nozzle block 40 is infinitely adjustable.
  • locking means so that at the desired position of the adjusting nut 48, a fixing of the adjusting nut 48 can be made to prevent accidental adjustment of the adjusting nut 48.
  • a locking device 49 may be provided, which allows a locking such that the adjusting nut 48 is fixed in the axial direction to prevent complete axial withdrawal of the spindle 47.
  • the spindle 47 including the nozzle block 40 and the fuel nozzle 42 arranged thereon can be pulled axially out of the mixing device 10, so that a simple exchange of the fuel nozzle 42 can take place in this manner.
  • the locking device 49 is designed in particular as a plate 49a displaceable transversely to the longitudinal axis 1 of the mixing device 10, with a keyhole-like opening 49b (cf. FIGS. 4 .
  • the nozzle 40 is in particular manually or automatically axially displaceable, in particular rule-based displaced with automated displacement.
  • FIGS. 11 to 15 show various components of the burner 100 with the mixing device 10, the blower 120 and a fuel pump 140th
  • the fan 120 generates an airflow along a first direction x (see in particular FIG Figures 11 and 16 ), which is introduced by means of a connecting channel 130 in the burner tube 20 of the mixing device 10. Based on FIGS. 16 to 18 the design of the connecting channel 130 is explained in more detail, which is basically independent of the specific embodiment of the mixing device 10.
  • the fan 120 generates an air flow in the first direction x, in which the air flows into the connecting channel 130, wherein the connecting channel 130 deflects the air in a second direction y, which is in particular perpendicular to the first direction x.
  • the second direction y corresponds to the longitudinal axis 1 of the mixing device 10, so that the connecting channel 130 ensures that the air flows into the mixing device 10 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 1, but the fan 120 does not have to be arranged in extension of the longitudinal axis 1, where the thermal load is high, but can be arranged offset to the longitudinal axis l, where the thermal load is lower.
  • the connecting channel 130 In the first direction x, the connecting channel 130 widened in a wedge-shaped manner so as to already give the air flow a velocity component in the second direction y.
  • the connecting channel 130 is in particular designed such that it has means which direct the air flowing in the first direction x into a circular flow around the second direction y. In this way, a swirl of the air flow is achieved already in the connecting channel 130, which favors the operation of the mixing device 10 in that a better turbulence between the incoming air and the sprayed fuel takes place, so that a more stable flame can be achieved in this way ,
  • the connecting channel 130 has a tube section 132, the longitudinal axis of which runs parallel to the second direction y and thus parallel to the longitudinal axis 1 of the mixing device 10 and which in particular coincides at least in sections with the burner tube 20.
  • the pipe section 132 has at least one, in the present case two diametrically opposite inlet openings 134. Through one of the two inflow openings 134, air flowing along the first direction x can flow tangentially into the pipe section 132. Through the diametrically opposite inlet opening 134 also flows air tangentially into the pipe section 132, but after deflection by 180 ° from the first direction x.
  • direct air is introduced tangentially into the burner tube 20 by means of the connecting channel 130, wherein a circular flow is generated about the longitudinal axis l of the mixing device 10 and thus already supplied through the burner tube 20 twisted air of the air nozzle 60, so that optionally the separating disk 50 with swirl openings 53 can be omitted, alternatively the air is twisted further in the direction of the longitudinal axis 1 of the mixing device 10 by the swirl openings 53 of the separating disk 50.
  • the direction of the swirl openings 53 corresponds in particular to the direction of the circular flow about the longitudinal axis 1 of the mixing device 10 in order to disturb the air flow as little as possible.
  • the inclination of the recirculation opening 85 and the openings 75 of the recirculation means 70 correspond in particular to the swirl direction of the incoming air in order to disturb the flow as little as possible.
  • the diversion of the air flowing from the blower 120 into the inflow opening 134 takes place, in particular, by means of an air guide plate 138, which divides the connection channel 130 into two air ducts, of which one air flows onto the first inflow opening 134 and the other air deflected by 180 ° deflected into the second inflow opening 134 in order to be able to introduce air through both inflow openings 134 tangentially into the pipe section 132 in this way.
  • the air guide plate 138 is adjustable in its position within the connecting channel 130, for example by means of a screw 139 in order to vary the amount of air flowing through the two inlet openings 134.
  • a passage cross-section 135 of the inflow openings 134 is variably adjustable.
  • the means are designed as a tube 136, which rests with its outer wall on the inner wall of the pipe section 132 and / or the inner wall of the air baffle 138.
  • the tube 136 has two diametrically arranged openings 137 which are formed in particular as slots in the direction of the longitudinal axis l of the mixing device 10, wherein the tube 136 is arranged rotatably mounted about the longitudinal axis l, so that depending on the rotation and position of the tube 136 and the openings 137 relative to the inlet openings 134, the inflow openings 134 more or less open and thus the passage cross-section 135 of the inflow openings 134 is varied.
  • the rotation of the tube 136 is effected in particular by means of an actuating lever 150 (cf. Fig.
  • the actuating lever 150 has a groove 152, in which a pin 153 is guided, whereby a limitation of the rotational travel of the actuating lever 150 takes place, so that even without opening the burner housing to recognize whether the inlet openings 134 just a maximum or minimum or between the extreme positions located passage cross-section.
  • the air flow in the direction of the longitudinal axis l of the mixing device 10 is further facilitated by the fact that in the tube section 132, in particular in the burner tube 20, a truncated cone is arranged, the tapered portion facing in the direction of the mixing device 10 or the flame tube 30, wherein present second element 43b of the holder 43 of the nozzle block 40 is formed as a truncated cone-like element.
  • connection channel 130 shows the FIGS. 19 and 20 .
  • the air guide plate 138 arranged in the connection channel 130 is omitted, so that the air flowing out of the blower 120 flows partially into the first inlet opening 134 and partially only on the outside of the burner tube 20 into the diametrically opposite inlet opening 134.
  • a guide plate 131 can be tangentially arranged on the tube 136, in particular on one of the openings 137, that extends in particular through the first inlet opening 134 into the connection channel 130 and favors a division of the air flow.
  • the guide plate 131 is also rotated upon rotation of the tube 136, so that in this way also a variation of the passage cross-section of the inflow opening 134 can take place.
  • the fan 120 is preferably infinitely variable in its speed. Furthermore, the amount of fuel, which is supplied via the fuel nozzle 42 of the mixing device 10, also variable continuously.
  • the burner 100 with the mixing device 10, the blower 110 and the connecting channel 130 arranged between them enables a low-emission, efficient combustion of liquid or gaseous fuels. Due to the described geometry of the connecting channel 130, the pressure loss of the incoming combustion air is minimized and the blower pressure is used primarily for mixing combustion air and fuel and to overcome the exhaust-side resistances in the heat generator and in the exhaust system.
  • the geometry of the connecting channel 130 further causes an increase in the static pressure of the cross-sectional widening of the air ducts in the transition to the burner tube 20, which stabilizes the flame even with pressure fluctuations in the exhaust system.
  • soot formation on the mixing head and the ignition electrodes 55 is prevented.
  • the good mixing of combustion air, exhaust gases and fuel allows a reduction of the injection pressure, in particular of heating oil, to less than 4 bar. This allows a reduction of the burner output below 7 kW, if commercially available Fuel nozzles 42 are used.
  • the system is also suitable for use in larger power ranges of more than 150 kW, where so far the exponentially increasing fan power limited the use of Blaubrandsystemen with spin stabilized flame.
  • the optimally stabilized flame makes the system particularly suitable for the use of condensing heat exchangers and boilers with high exhaust-side resistances.
  • the sealing of the air nozzle 60 to the flame tube 30 and combustion chamber prevents unwanted, undefined false air flow. This conditional soot formation and undesirable pressure loss can be avoided.
  • the present burner 100 thus has, in particular, a housing geometry which, by appropriate guidance of the combustion air, causes it to rotate in front of the air nozzle 60 by tangential inflow into the burner tube 20. Further, the recirculating exhaust gases are supplied via obliquely arranged, oriented in the twist direction recirculation openings 85 of the combustion zone.
  • the fuel nozzle 42 can be moved axially to the fixed air nozzle 60, whereby the resulting Heilausströmquerites is variable.
  • the outflowing air velocity, the air volume and the air pressure are thus changeable.
  • the amount of air required for combustion, the air velocity and the air pressure can be adjusted according to a characteristic curve. If, in addition, the fuel quantity is varied, for example by means of a modulating fuel pump 140 or a modulating fuel valve, a modulating combustion mode of the burner 100 is possible in addition to single-stage or multistage operation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Claims (21)

  1. Dispositif mélangeur (10) destiné à un brûleur (100) qui comporte un tube de brûleur (20), un tube de flamme (30) se connectant au tube de brûleur (20) et une tige de buse (40) montée dans le tube de brûleur (20), coaxialement dans le tube de brûleur (20) étant fixée une buse d'air (60) qui s'étend dans le tube de flamme (30) et conduit l'air de combustion sortant du tube de brûleur (20) dans le tube de flamme (30), des ouvertures de recirculation (85) étant positionnées dans la zone de transition entre le tube de brûleur (20) et le tube de flamme (30),
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    il est prévu des moyens de recirculation (70) fixés axialement et montés mobiles en rotation autour de leur axe longitudinal à la partie interne de la zone de transition, et réalisés pour faire varier, lors d'une rotation autour de leur axe longitudinal, la section de passage (86) des ouvertures de recirculation (85), les moyens de recirculation (70) étant réalisés sous la forme d'un élément annulaire comportant une paroi périphérique (71), dans laquelle sont positionnées des ouvertures (75), l'élément annulaire ayant un fond (72) muni d'une ouverture centrale (73), et sur l'ouverture de sortie (63) de la buse d'air (60) tournée vers le tube de flamme (30), étant montée une bride (64) qui est fixée au fond (72) de l'élément annulaire.
  2. Dispositif mélangeur conforme à la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les ouvertures de recirculation (85) sont réalisées sous la forme de fentes inclinées par rapport à l'axe longitudinal (1) du dispositif mélangeur (10).
  3. Dispositif mélangeur conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les ouvertures (75) sont réalisées sous la forme de fentes inclinées par rapport à l'axe longitudinal (1) du dispositif mélangeur, et en particulier ont une forme qui correspond à la forme des ouvertures de recirculation (85).
  4. Dispositif mélangeur conforme à la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'inclinaison des fente est réalisée de façon à correspondre à la direction d'impact d'air circulant au travers de la zone de transition.
  5. Dispositif mélangeur conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'ouverture centrale (73) du fond (72) est réalisée sous la forme d'une ouverture de sortie (74) en forme de buse.
  6. Dispositif mélangeur conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les moyens de recirculation (70) sont montés sur la buse d'air (60).
  7. Dispositif mélangeur conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la bride (64) est soudée ou vissée sur le fond (72) de l'élément annulaire.
  8. Dispositif mélangeur conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif mélangeur (10) comporte un disque séparateur (50) séparant le volume interne du tube de brûleur (20) du volume interne du tube de flamme (30), qui comporte une ouverture centrale sur laquelle est montée coaxialement la buse d'air (60) qui s'étend dans le tube de flamme (30) et conduit l'air de combustion sortant du tube de brûleur (20) dans le tube de flamme (30).
  9. Dispositif mélangeur conforme à la revendication 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le disque séparateur (50) comporte des ouvertures de giration (53).
  10. Dispositif mélangeur conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    il comporte un organe de retenue (43) qui maintient la tige de buse (40) coaxialement dans le tube de brûleur (20) et la buse d'air (60).
  11. Dispositif mélangeur conforme à la revendication 10,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la buse d'air (60) est montée sur l'organe de retenue (43) de la tige de buse (40) au moyen d'un accouplement à griffes (44).
  12. Dispositif mélangeur conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les moyens de recirculation (70) peuvent être déplacés en rotation au moyen d'un élément d'actionnement guidé à la partie interne du tube de brûleur (20).
  13. Dispositif mélangeur conforme aux revendications 10 et 12,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'organe de retenue (43) forme simultanément une partie de l'élément d'actionnement.
  14. Dispositif mélangeur conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la zone de transition est réalisée sous la forme d'un tube de guidage des moyens de recirculation (70).
  15. Dispositif mélangeur conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la buse d'air (60) est fixée axialement dans le tube de brûleur (20), et la tige de buse (40) est mobile en translation axiale dans le tube de brûleur (20).
  16. Brûleur (100) équipé d'un dispositif mélangeur (20) conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes.
  17. Brûleur conforme à la revendication 16,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la buse d'air (60) est guidée au travers d'une ouverture (112) du carter (110) du brûleur (100).
  18. Brûleur conforme à la revendication 16 ou 17,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la buse d'air (60) assure l'étanchéité côté air de combustion du carter (110) du brûleur (100) au moyen d'une bride (62) montée sur l'ouverture d'entrée (61) de la buse d'air (60) tournée vers le tube de brûleur (20), en particulier métallique ou au moyen d'un joint d'étanchéité (66).
  19. Brûleur conforme à la revendication 18,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la bride (62) est comprimée en étant chargée élastiquement contre le carter (110) du brûleur (100).
  20. Brûleur conforme à l'une des revendications 16 à 19,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    entre les moyens de recirculation (70) et la face externe du carter (110) à du brûleur (100) est montée une isolation thermique.
  21. Brûleur conforme à l'une des revendications 16 à 20,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    entre un ventilateur (120) du brûleur (100) et le dispositif mélangeur de ce brûleur, est positionné un canal de liaison (130) qui, dévie l'air sortant du ventilateur (120) dans une première direction (x) dans une seconde direction (y) perpendiculaire à cette première direction (x), dans le canal de liaison (130) étant montés des moyens qui dévient l'air selon un flux circulaire autour de la seconde direction (y).
EP10008034.0A 2009-08-07 2010-08-02 Unité de mélange pour un brûleur Active EP2287530B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200920010692 DE202009010692U1 (de) 2009-08-07 2009-08-07 Mischeinrichtung für einen Brenner

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2287530A2 EP2287530A2 (fr) 2011-02-23
EP2287530A3 EP2287530A3 (fr) 2014-07-02
EP2287530B1 true EP2287530B1 (fr) 2018-07-04

Family

ID=42751307

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10008034.0A Active EP2287530B1 (fr) 2009-08-07 2010-08-02 Unité de mélange pour un brûleur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2287530B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE202009010692U1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2688951T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CZ308978B6 (cs) * 2020-12-22 2021-10-27 Vysoké Učení Technické V Brně Hořáková tvarovka s vnitřní recirkulací spalin

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018121946A1 (de) * 2018-09-07 2020-03-12 Andreas Dequis Feuerungseinrichtung
DE202018006638U1 (de) 2018-09-07 2021-09-29 Andreas Dequis Feuerungseinrichtung
EP3857124B1 (fr) * 2018-09-27 2022-01-26 C.I.B. Unigas S.p.A. Mélangeur pour brûleurs de recirculation de fumées d'échappement

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3906854C1 (en) * 1989-03-03 1990-10-31 Buderus Heiztechnik Gmbh, 6330 Wetzlar, De Burner tube for a blue-burning oil burner
DE8906821U1 (fr) * 1989-05-23 1989-08-24 Mgp-Ecom-Vertriebs Gmbh Fuer Umwelt-Heiztechnik, 8713 Martinsheim, De
DE4009222A1 (de) * 1989-07-13 1991-01-24 Elco Oel & Gasbrenner Brenner zur stoechiometrischen verbrennung von fluessigen oder gasfoermigen brennstoffen
DE3930569C2 (de) 1989-09-13 1995-06-01 Siegfried W Schilling Brennerkopf
DE29518919U1 (de) 1995-11-29 1996-01-25 Meku Metallverarbeitung Mischeinrichtung für einen Brenner
EP1243850B1 (fr) * 2001-03-20 2007-10-03 Riello S.p.a. Brûleur à mazout
DE202009002700U1 (de) 2009-03-05 2009-04-30 Meku Metallverarbeitungs Gmbh & Co. Kg Mischeinrichtung für einen Brenner

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CZ308978B6 (cs) * 2020-12-22 2021-10-27 Vysoké Učení Technické V Brně Hořáková tvarovka s vnitřní recirkulací spalin

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2287530A3 (fr) 2014-07-02
DE202009010692U1 (de) 2010-09-16
EP2287530A2 (fr) 2011-02-23
ES2688951T3 (es) 2018-11-07

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