EP2279309B1 - Procédé de revêtement avec des carreaux pour sols, murs, plafonds et similaires - Google Patents
Procédé de revêtement avec des carreaux pour sols, murs, plafonds et similaires Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2279309B1 EP2279309B1 EP09729058.9A EP09729058A EP2279309B1 EP 2279309 B1 EP2279309 B1 EP 2279309B1 EP 09729058 A EP09729058 A EP 09729058A EP 2279309 B1 EP2279309 B1 EP 2279309B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tiles
- stage
- plan
- cut
- laying
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 33
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000017667 Chronic Disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- -1 carpeting Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000021190 leftovers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F21/00—Implements for finishing work on buildings
- E04F21/20—Implements for finishing work on buildings for laying flooring
- E04F21/22—Implements for finishing work on buildings for laying flooring of single elements, e.g. flooring cramps ; flexible webs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
- B44C1/28—Uniting ornamental elements on a support, e.g. mosaics
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F21/00—Implements for finishing work on buildings
- E04F21/0076—Implements for finishing work on buildings for marking and cutting tiles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F21/00—Implements for finishing work on buildings
- E04F21/18—Implements for finishing work on buildings for setting wall or ceiling slabs or plates
- E04F21/1838—Implements for finishing work on buildings for setting wall or ceiling slabs or plates for setting a plurality of similar elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F21/00—Implements for finishing work on buildings
- E04F21/18—Implements for finishing work on buildings for setting wall or ceiling slabs or plates
- E04F21/1838—Implements for finishing work on buildings for setting wall or ceiling slabs or plates for setting a plurality of similar elements
- E04F21/1844—Implements for finishing work on buildings for setting wall or ceiling slabs or plates for setting a plurality of similar elements by applying them one by one
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of cladding with tiles for floors, walls, ceilings and the like.
- the cladding can be applied to different types of surfaces, such as flat surfaces, undulated or mixed surfaces, whether horizontal, vertical or at an incline.
- Telemetry is a system for measuring distances by means of a telemeter, that is, by means of an electronic optical device that permits remote measurement of lengths.
- Scanning is taken to mean the action of examining or sweeping over a space, in this case by means of a telemeter, for the purpose of taking the measurements or a room or lobby for subsequent processing thereof.
- Home automation is taken to mean a set of systems that automate the various facilities to be found in a dwelling.
- Matching is taken to refer to the action of combining or relating with each other the measurements obtained in the various rooms or areas in order to draw up a final plan of the whole.
- Referencing is taken to mean the action of numbering or coding the tiles in order to facilitate the subsequent laying or placement thereof.
- the operative or tiler takes the measurements of the space to be tiled and cuts the tile using any method valid for the purpose. This is more laborious than it might seem, however. There follows, by way of example, a list of all the simple operations said tiler carries out in order to lay a peripheral tile attached using mortar:
- the list of operations is almost identical, although for approximately one third of them the bending down action of the tiler is replaced by the action of climbing a ladder, while for another third he must also bend down, and for the remaining third he lays them from a standing position. All these operations involve a high cost in terms of time, energy consumption, physical exertion of the tiler, quite apart from the risk of accident involved in using a machine for cutting tiles.
- Patent DE10038886 A1 described a computerized system optimising quantities and laying-plan for wall and floor tiling panels, inputs dimensions to determine numbers of panels and special shapes.
- a data input unit is used to enter the dimensions of the laying area, the type of tiling panel and the laying pattern.
- a computer determines from this data, the tiling units and any additional specially-shaped units required, which are formed by cutting the panels to size.
- Patent DE19544713 A1 described a cutting and installing insulation or cladding panels for walls of buildings.
- the method involves determining by opto-electric means the dimensions of the outer wall of the building with openings, e.g. windows and doors, and in the case of prefabricated buildings the dimensions of the individual facade panels.
- the insulation or cladding panels are cut to size and fitted to the outer wall of the building.
- the cut panels can be individually surface treated e.g. plastered and/or painted. From the building data a schedule for the assembly of the panels can be derived which provides the best time required.
- the object of the method of the present invention for cladding with tiles for floors, walls, ceilings and the like is to solve the disadvantages presented by the methods known in the prior art, while providing a higher degree of precision in the taking of measurements of door frames in walls to be clad.
- the method of the present invention for cladding with tiles for floors, walls, ceilings and the like is of the type that consists in carrying out the following stages:
- the method of the invention for cladding with tiles is thus based on a precise taking of measurements of the area to be clad in order to be able to cut beforehand all the tiles that in general so require, and particularly the peripheral tiles, at a fixed facility away from the premises and duly designed for the purpose and preferably automatic, thereby achieving better, ergonomic production conditions.
- a hand-drawn or computerised grid layout arrangement is made to represent the tiles as a whole on said plan, and a specific and unique position is assigned to each of the peripheral tiles unit-by-unit or by groups of identical tiles.
- the distribution diagram is drawn up with the help of a software application that optimises the position of the grid of tiles on the plan in order to minimise the number of tiles to be cut, of the tiles to be used, of the total length of tile to be cut and/or of materials and operating costs.
- stage d the order of laying of the tiles is determined in order to facilitate and ensure the correct final finish.
- a guide-plan is printed to assist in proper and orderly laying.
- a referencing of the pertinent position and orientation of each of the cut tiles is carried out in order to facilitate their subsequent laying.
- stage f) of transportation all the tiles and not only the peripheral ones are referenced in order to facilitate the laying thereof.
- the scanning of stage b) is carried out by means of a fixed guide including a circumferential profile.
- the taking of measurement of stage a) is carried out by means of at least one telemeter that can move along a straight line placed on the floor of a corridor.
- the taking of measurements of stage a) is carried out by means of an optical recognition system.
- the degree of precision in the taking of measurements must be of the order of a millimetre, whereas the current ways of taking measurements in the sector involve lower average degrees of precision.
- the drawing up of the plan of stage c) is carried out by means of a computerised system for processing the measurements taken in stage a).
- stage e) of cutting is carried out on a numerically controlled precision cutting table, with or without referencing of each of the tiles processed.
- the measurements of the surface to be tiled are taken.
- the taking of measurements in this case has to be more precise than is usual in the sector, that is, of the order of a millimetre.
- a telemetric method that is relatively simple and allows any suitable computer system to later match all the spaces without significant error. It is based on the utilisation of a number of geometrical elements of precisely known measurements and shapes that will permit exact determining of all the locations and orientations from which all the measurements of each space or room were taken; in other words, it unequivocally provides the various references in space and their orientation. This method is based on determining and locating points in a plane parallel and close to the floor by means of a system of polar coordinates, although it could also be carried out by means of a system of Cartesian coordinates.
- a skeleton outline of square elements 2 is provided, all of them exactly the same and easy to combine with one another.
- Said elements 2 are located along the main axis of the dwelling 1, in the corridor 3 in this example, branching out perpendicularly therefrom with their corresponding axes towards each area to be measured (halls, bedrooms, etc). The axes are then aligned properly by doubling the precision, with further elements 2 where necessary, especially on the perpendicular branchlines.
- the corresponding elements A to N (shown in grey in Figure 1 ) are then defined and placed on a virtual plane, from which the respective halls or simple spaces will be scanned. If so wished, all of these points, centres of the respective systems of polar coordinates, can also be located telemetrically by means of a triangulation procedure, in order to increase the precision.
- a polar telemeter 4 is then mounted successively on each of the predetermined elements A to N in order to take the measurements of the various spaces or room areas ( Figure 1 shows the telemeter on element M), and the reference of the point is detected and fixed as described, or else triangulated with another element close to the central axis.
- the entire room space 5 is scanned degree by degree, from 0° to 360°, as can be appreciated from Figure 2 , thus providing with high precision the real perimeter 6 of the space 5 that is being scanned.
- the data gathered is then entered into a suitable computer drawing program which interprets them and integrates them into the place that is being drawn.
- the telemeter 4 is taken down and set up in the following room space, and so on until the process has been completed. In less than three hours the entire dwelling 1 has been scanned and the plan completed.
- the doors are then taken off and all their frame outlines scanned in detail, placing them on the virtual general plan, whether by deduction, triangulation, or predetermination by means of the geometrical elements A to N of the position from which the scanning is carried out.
- Figure 3 shows a telemeter 4a that is specially designed to scan the outline of door frames 7.
- the telemeter 4a does not rotate about itself, but instead rotates about an axis located outside itself, preferably to the interior of the frame, and sliding in its turn through a fixed guide 8 of circumferential profile, said guide 8 being mounted around the frame 7 and at a certain distance from it, so that the telemeter allows the outline of the frame 7 to be measured as it is moving and rotating about said guide 8.
- Said Figure 3 also shows the corresponding tile 9 cut and placed as it would be left once laid later on.
- a manual or computerised layout arrangement is made of a grid 11 or network representing the tiles 9 as a whole on said plan 10, and a specific unique position is assigned for each one of the tiles 9.
- This layout arrangement can be made manually or with the help of a software application that optimises the position of the grid 11 of tiles 9 on the plan 10 in order to minimise the number of tiles to be cut 9a, of the tiles to be used 9,9a, of the total length of tile to be cut 9a and/or of the cost of materials and of the operation.
- Figure 4 shows said grid 11 arranged in a non-optimum position, since there are many peripheral tiles 9a (shown in grey) to be cut;
- Figure 5 shows the same grid 11, but set in a better position, with a substantial saving of tiles 9 to be used and f tiles 9a to be cut.
- Procedure can also be made to determine the order of laying of tiles 9 in order to facilitate and ensure a correct final finish.
- Figure 6 shows with numbers the order for laying of the initial tiles 9, such that in each room space at least one row of tiles 9 will be laid until a back wall is reached. As a result, at the time of laying, if these first tiles 9 have no error of final finish, the rest of the tiles are very unlikely to have any error either.
- the cutting of the peripheral tiles 9a will be carried out in accordance with the shape and dimensions that have been determined and in a place set up for the purpose and different from the dwelling 1 to be tiled, which place may be at the factory itself, at the warehouse of the distributor and/or in a vehicle set up for the purpose. This operation will be carried out on a numerically controlled precision cutting table, with or without referencing of each of the tiles processed.
- the tiles 9,9a are then transported to the dwelling in question, and finally they are laid, preferably in the pre-established order and without the need to cut any of them in situ.
- Allowance is also made for the possibility of selling the materials and the service in advance, preferably by telematic means.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Claims (12)
- Procédé pour revêtir à l'aide de carreaux (9, 9a) des sols, murs, plafonds et analogues, consistant à effectuer les étapes suivantes :a) prendre des mesures très précises de la surface (1) à revêtir en utilisant un système de télémétrie automatique, semi-automatique ou manuel ;b) balayer le contour de cadres de porte (7) par l'intermédiaire d'un télémètre (4a) ;c) tracer un plan tracé à la main ou par informatique (10) de la surface complète (1) à revêtir, sur la base des mesures prises ;d) déterminer la taille, la forme, les dimensions, l'orientation et la position d'au moins chacun des carreaux périphériques (9a) qui sont à découper ;e) découper les carreaux périphériques (9a), conformément à une certaine forme et une certaine dimension, dans un emplacement autre que les locaux à revêtir, et équipé pour effectuer la découpe ;f) transporter les carreaux (9, 9a) jusqu'à la zone à revêtir ; etg) disposer en finale les carreaux (9, 9a) sans avoir besoin de découper l'un quelconque de ceux-ci in situ ;caractérisé en ce que le balayage du contour des cadres de porte selon l'étape b) consiste à faire coulisser et tourner graduellement le télémètre (4a) sur un guide fixe (8) qui est agencé autour du cadre (7), de sorte que la position et l'orientation du télémètre (4a) sont connues à tout moment lorsqu'il se déplace sur le guide (8), le guide (8) étant de préférence centré sur le cadre et à une certaine distance du cadre (7).
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'après l'étape c) de traçage du plan, un agencement de mise en place d'une grille tracée à la main ou par informatique (11) est effectué pour représenter les carreaux sous la forme d'un tout (9, 9a) sur le plan (10), et une position spécifique et unique est assignée à chacun des carreaux périphériques (9a) unité par unité ou par groupe de carreaux identiques.
- Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le schéma de mise en place est tracé à l'aide d'une application logicielle qui optimise la position de la grille (11) de carreaux (9, 9a) sur le plan (10) afin de minimiser le nombre de carreaux à découper (9a), de carreaux à utiliser (9, 9a), la longueur totale de carreau à découper (9a) et/ou les coûts des matériaux et de fonctionnement.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'après l'étape d) l'ordre de mise en place des carreaux (9, 9a) est déterminé afin de faciliter et assurer une finition finale correcte.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé entre qu'après l'étape d) un plan guide est imprimé pour aider à une mise en place correcte et de manière ordonnée.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'avant et après l'étape e) de découpe, un référencement de la position et de l'orientation pertinentes de chacun des carreaux découpés (9a) est effectué afin de faciliter leur mise en place ultérieure.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'avant l'étape f) de transport, tous les carreaux (9) et pas seulement les carreaux périphériques (9a) sont référencés afin de faciliter la mise en place de ceux-ci.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le balayage de l'étape d) est effectué par l'intermédiaire d'un guide fixe (8) incluant un profil circonférentiel.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la prise de mesure de l'étape a) est effectuée par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un télémètre qui peut se déplacer le long d'une ligne droite placée sur le sol d'un corridor.
- Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la prise de mesure de l'étape a) est effectuée par l'intermédiaire d'un système de reconnaissance optique.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le tracé du plan (10) de l'étape c) est effectué par l'intermédiaire d'un système informatisé pour traiter les mesures prises à l'étape a).
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'étape e) de découpe est effectuée sur une table de découpe de précision commandée numériquement.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES200800978A ES2352022B1 (es) | 2008-04-01 | 2008-04-01 | Procedimiento de revestimiento con baldosas para suelos, paredes, techos o similares. |
PCT/IB2009/051285 WO2009122332A1 (fr) | 2008-04-01 | 2009-03-27 | Procédé de revêtement avec des carreaux pour sols, murs, plafonds et similaires |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2279309A1 EP2279309A1 (fr) | 2011-02-02 |
EP2279309B1 true EP2279309B1 (fr) | 2013-07-10 |
Family
ID=40750925
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09729058.9A Not-in-force EP2279309B1 (fr) | 2008-04-01 | 2009-03-27 | Procédé de revêtement avec des carreaux pour sols, murs, plafonds et similaires |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2279309B1 (fr) |
ES (2) | ES2352022B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2009122332A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102016109243A1 (de) * | 2016-05-19 | 2017-11-23 | Tilo Gmbh | Digitalisierter Zuschnitt |
BE1024775B1 (nl) * | 2016-12-01 | 2018-07-02 | Unilin Bvba | Set van vloerpanelen en werkwijze voor het samenstellen ervan. |
DE102017115233A1 (de) * | 2017-07-07 | 2019-01-10 | Homag Gmbh | Verfahren und System zum Herstellen von kundenindividuell verlegbaren Paneelen |
BE1026326B1 (nl) * | 2018-05-31 | 2020-01-13 | Unilin Bvba | Werkwijze voor het samenstellen van een set van vloerpanelen. |
CN109488004A (zh) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-03-19 | 广东省第建筑工程有限公司 | 一种光滑混凝土面瓷砖无收缩粘贴施工方法 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4311464A (en) * | 1980-07-14 | 1982-01-19 | Michael Cancelliere | Grid system for laying out and/or precutting tiles or the like |
US4659409A (en) * | 1985-09-06 | 1987-04-21 | Hafiz Arafat | Method and means for preparing floor covering using a template |
DE19544713A1 (de) * | 1995-11-30 | 1997-06-05 | Henrich Gernot Dipl Ing | Verfahren für den Zuschnitt und die Montage von Dämmstoff- oder Verkleidungsplatten |
US6119565A (en) * | 1997-06-13 | 2000-09-19 | Jere M. L'Heureux | Apparatus and method for electronically measuring and cutting floor coverings |
DE10038886A1 (de) * | 2000-08-09 | 2002-02-21 | Joerg R Bauer | System zum Bereitstellen verlegefertiger Plattenelemente einer Plattenart, insbesondere Fliesen |
EP1637665B1 (fr) * | 2004-09-15 | 2007-08-15 | Intellectual Capital and Asset Management GmbH | Procédé pour isoler des bâtiments |
-
2008
- 2008-04-01 ES ES200800978A patent/ES2352022B1/es not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-03-27 WO PCT/IB2009/051285 patent/WO2009122332A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2009-03-27 ES ES09729058T patent/ES2428099T3/es active Active
- 2009-03-27 EP EP09729058.9A patent/EP2279309B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2352022B1 (es) | 2011-12-30 |
ES2352022A1 (es) | 2011-02-15 |
EP2279309A1 (fr) | 2011-02-02 |
ES2428099T3 (es) | 2013-11-05 |
WO2009122332A1 (fr) | 2009-10-08 |
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