EP2269035A2 - Étalons de fluorescence et leur utilisation - Google Patents

Étalons de fluorescence et leur utilisation

Info

Publication number
EP2269035A2
EP2269035A2 EP09731735A EP09731735A EP2269035A2 EP 2269035 A2 EP2269035 A2 EP 2269035A2 EP 09731735 A EP09731735 A EP 09731735A EP 09731735 A EP09731735 A EP 09731735A EP 2269035 A2 EP2269035 A2 EP 2269035A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluorescent
mineral
fluorescence
fluorescent mineral
standard
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP09731735A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Klaus Haberstroh
Konrad Faulstich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dialunox GmbH
Original Assignee
Qiagen Lake Constance GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Qiagen Lake Constance GmbH filed Critical Qiagen Lake Constance GmbH
Priority to EP11179349.3A priority Critical patent/EP2395346A3/fr
Priority to EP11179347.7A priority patent/EP2395345A3/fr
Priority to EP09731735A priority patent/EP2269035A2/fr
Priority to EP11179345.1A priority patent/EP2395344A3/fr
Publication of EP2269035A2 publication Critical patent/EP2269035A2/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/27—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands using photo-electric detection ; circuits for computing concentration
    • G01N21/274—Calibration, base line adjustment, drift correction
    • G01N21/278—Constitution of standards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/508—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above
    • B01L3/5085—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above for multiple samples, e.g. microtitration plates
    • B01L3/50857—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above for multiple samples, e.g. microtitration plates using arrays or bundles of open capillaries for holding samples
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/508—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above
    • B01L3/5088—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes rigid containers not provided for above confining liquids at a location by surface tension, e.g. virtual wells on plates, wires
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
    • G01K11/12—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in colour, translucency or reflectance
    • G01K11/14—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in colour, translucency or reflectance of inorganic materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
    • G01N21/6452—Individual samples arranged in a regular 2D-array, e.g. multiwell plates
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
    • G01T1/36—Measuring spectral distribution of X-rays or of nuclear radiation spectrometry
    • G01T1/362—Measuring spectral distribution of X-rays or of nuclear radiation spectrometry with scintillation detectors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
    • B01L2200/14—Process control and prevention of errors
    • B01L2200/148—Specific details about calibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
    • B01L2300/0809—Geometry, shape and general structure rectangular shaped
    • B01L2300/0822—Slides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
    • B01L2300/0809—Geometry, shape and general structure rectangular shaped
    • B01L2300/0829—Multi-well plates; Microtitration plates
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N2001/2893—Preparing calibration standards
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
    • G01N15/1012—Calibrating particle analysers; References therefor
    • G01N2015/1014—Constitution of reference particles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
    • Y10T436/10—Composition for standardization, calibration, simulation, stabilization, preparation or preservation; processes of use in preparation for chemical testing

Definitions

  • This invention relates to fluorescent standards and their use and, more particularly, to fluorescence standards for calibrating optical detectors and fluorescence spectroscopy instruments such as microscopes, imaging devices, plate readers, lateral flow detectors, and the like.
  • Fluorescence refers to the short-term, spontaneous emission of light of one wavelength after excitation by light or more generally electromagnetic radiation of a different wavelength in the transition of an excited electron state into a state of low energy.
  • fluorophores There are many natural and synthetic substances or compounds in which the phenomenon of fluorescence occurs and are therefore referred to as fluorophores.
  • fluorescence standards In fluorescence spectroscopy, there is a need for fluorescence standards to have reference points for the measurements to be taken.
  • Conventional fluorescence standards or fluorescent dyes are usually made of organic compounds. These fluorescent dyes are based on the molecules of the fluorescent dye emitting part of the absorbed energy as fluorescent light at a known, different wavelength when irradiated with visible or ultraviolet light. These dye molecules are used, for example, in a variety of different biological assays, and the fluorescence signals emitted by them can provide information about the system under study.
  • the known fluorescence standards or fluorescent dyes have one or more of the following disadvantages: they are not stable to light over the applicable period of time, bleach easily (especially with a longer exposure and exposure at high intensities), are usable only within a narrow spectral range , are expensive, mechanically, thermally and chemically unstable and may age or dry out resulting in a change in fluorescence intensity.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a fluorescence standard which does not have the above disadvantages.
  • the above object is achieved by using a fluorescent mineral or a substance containing a fluorescent mineral as the fluorescent standard. It can be a natural or a synthetic mineral.
  • the fluorescent mineral is corundum, in particular ruby or sapphire, fluorite, chlorophane, turquoise, zirconium, zoisite, Iolite or cordierite, spinel, topaz, calcium fluorite, sphalerite or zinc blende, wurtzite, calcite or calcite, apatite , Scheelite or Tungstein, Powellit, Willemite, Feldspar, Sodalite, a uranium mineral, Apatite or Fluorapatite or Chlorapatite or Hydroxylapatite, Halite, Tanzanite, Aquamarine, Tourmaline, Tremolite, Genthelvite, Gonnardit, Helvit, Meionite, Leucophanite, Tugtupite, Villiaumite, Barylite, Beryllite, Albite, Analcim, Wohlerite, Bustamite, Celestine, Chondrodite, Chrysolite or Clin
  • the fluorescent mineral may be doped with an activator or combinations of activators, with suitable activators being: divalent manganese, lead, antimony, cerium, especially trivalent cerium, trivalent chromium, divalent or trivalent iron, trivalent or tetravalent titanium, copper, silver, divalent samarium, divalent or trivalent europium, trivalent terbium, trivalent dysprosium, trivalent holmium, trivalent erbium, uranyl compounds, ruthenium compounds, tin compounds, thallium compounds, bismuth compounds, tungstate compounds, molybdate compounds, sulfur, Vanadium compounds, lanthanum compounds, preseodymium compounds, neodymium compounds, promethium compounds, gadolinium compounds, thulium compounds, ytterbium compounds, lutetium compounds.
  • suitable activators being: divalent manganese, lead, antimony, cerium, especially trivalent cerium, trivalent chromium, divalent or trivalent iron
  • the activators may be present in dopants from 0.001% to 20% (weight percent) in the mineral.
  • the fluorescent mineral can be used in a variety of forms as a fluorescent standard, for example in the form of cylinders, prisms, plates, cuvettes, tubes, capillaries, cuboids, platelets, beads, nanoparticles or as a powder.
  • the fluorescent mineral may be incorporated into a polymer or support matrix, e.g. made of glass, plastic or hydrogel, cast or polymerized.
  • the use of a fluorescent mineral as the fluorescence standard in the form of a multiplicity of small particles, for example beads improves the homogeneity of the standard, since a statistical mean value can be determined during the measurement.
  • the fluorescent mineral may be functionalized as a fluorescent moiety by chemically attaching functional groups having the desired function to the surface of the fluorescent mineral.
  • functional groups having the desired function to the surface of the fluorescent mineral.
  • oxidic and hydroxidic minerals are easy to modify chemically. Functionalized minerals can then be considered Marker can be attached to other molecules for detection as a fluorescence standard. Another type of attachment can be by encapsulation in, for example, beads, nanomaterials, polymers, gels, hydrogels, glasses and beads, which in turn are functionalized or can be functionalized.
  • the fluorescent mineral is used as a fluorescence standard to calibrate an optical measuring device.
  • the fluorescent mineral is used as a fluorescence standard to identify a product or object.
  • the fluorescent mineral is used as the standard of fluorescence to determine the amount of light incident on the fluorescent mineral.
  • the fluorescent mineral is used as the fluorescence standard to determine and, if necessary, control the temperature.
  • a sample plate for receiving at least one sample comprising a fluorescent mineral (natural or synthetic) or a substance comprising a fluorescent mineral as a fluorescent standard.
  • This sample plate can be designed, for example, as a microtiter plate having a multiplicity of depressions (eg 96 wells) or preferably as a perforated plate, wherein several holes extend completely through the perforated plate and the size of these holes is dimensioned such that a sample introduced into these holes due to the Capillary forces against gravity is kept in the holes.
  • a microtiter plate having a multiplicity of depressions (eg 96 wells) or preferably as a perforated plate, wherein several holes extend completely through the perforated plate and the size of these holes is dimensioned such that a sample introduced into these holes due to the Capillary forces against gravity is kept in the holes.
  • the whole sample plate or only a part of the sample plate may consist of a fluorescent mineral or a substance comprising a fluorescent mineral, as the standard of fluorescence.
  • the fluorescent mineral or the substance comprising a fluorescent mineral may be arranged as a fluorescent standard in at least one of the wells, removably or fixedly connected to the sample plate.
  • the fluorescent mineral may be arranged as a fluorescent standard in at least one of the holes.
  • the microtiter plate or the perforated plate itself may consist of known materials, such as plastic or glass.
  • the fluorescent mineral has a fluorescence standard of a shape (preferably cylindrical), which corresponds to the shape of the wells of the microtiter plate and / or the shape of the holes of the perforated plate.
  • FIG. 1a shows a preferred cylindrical shape of the fluorescent mineral according to the invention as fluorescence standard.
  • FIG. 1 b schematically shows a plan view of a sample plate which is provided with the fluorescent mineral according to the invention as the fluorescence standard of FIG. 1 a.
  • Figure Ic shows a cross-sectional view of Figure Ib along the line A-A.
  • Figure 2 shows schematically an optical reading device which is particularly suitable for use with the fluorescence standards of the invention.
  • Figures 3a to 3n show in the form of bar graphs measured fluorescence intensities for fluorescence level of the invention and for comparison, some conventional fluorescence standards at different excitation and emission wavelengths.
  • FIGS. 4a to 4f show fluorescence intensities measured in the form of bar graphs for the fluorescence level according to the invention and for Compare some conventional fluorescence standards at different excitation and emission wavelengths in one go.
  • FIG. 5 shows the measured fluorescence intensity of a fluorescence standard according to the invention in the form of a ruby as a function of the irradiation time with light at an excitation wavelength of 532 nm.
  • FIG. 6 shows the temperature dependence of the emission spectrum of a fluorescence standard according to the invention in the form of ruby.
  • FIG. 7 shows the fluorescence intensity of a fluorescence standard according to the invention in the form of ruby, heated to approximately 200 or 250 degrees Celsius, as a function of time.
  • fluorescent minerals or fluorescent minerals containing substances or substances for advantageous use as fluorescent standards are suitable, which have numerous advantages over known fluorescence standards, as can be seen, inter alia, from the detailed description of the invention below results.
  • some naturally occurring minerals have small amounts of one or more activators, the activator being in the form of atoms, molecules, or ions incorporated into the mineral's crystal structure and causing fluorescence phenomena Mineral is excited by radiation.
  • an ideal fluorescence standard is a standard that exhibits a substantially constant fluorescence intensity over the entire spectral range of the light, which is in the range of interest of the application, is inexpensive, does not fade and is easy to process and shape in various forms, preferably temperature stable is, is chemically inert and does not age.
  • chemically inert means that the Fluorescence standard does not change its fluorescence properties when exposed to chemicals.
  • the fluorescence standard of the invention may also be chemically functionalized.
  • ruby naturally occurring or synthetic
  • other materials such as sapphire, fluorite, turquoise, amber, zircon, zoisite, Iolite or cordierite, spinel, topaz, calcium fluorite, sphalerite or zinc blende, calcite or calcite, apatite, scheelite or tungsten, willemite, feldspar, Sodalite, a uranium mineral or an Al 3+ -containing mineral may be used.
  • the above minerals may, for example, be doped with one of the following activators or combinations thereof: divalent manganese, lead, antimony, cerium, especially trivalent cerium, trivalent chromium, divalent or trivalent iron, trivalent or tetravalent titanium, copper, silver, divalent samarium, divalent or trivalent europium, trivalent terbium, trivalent dysprosium, trivalent holmium, trivalent erbium, uranyl compounds, ruthenium compounds, tungstate compounds, molybdate compounds, sulfur, and others rare Earth.
  • the activators may be present in dopants of 0.001% to 20% (weight percent) in the mineral.
  • An advantage of the invention is that the aforementioned minerals, if appropriate in conjunction with at least one activator, not only fluoresce upon excitation with UV light, but can be excited over a wide wavelength range, namely at wavelengths greater than 600 nm.
  • synthetically produced fluorescent minerals are suitable for the use according to the invention as a fluorescence standard.
  • synthetically produced fluorescent minerals are suitable for the use according to the invention as a fluorescence standard.
  • the following minerals or gemstones can be synthesized and are commercially available: diamond, silicon carbide (moissanite), ruby, sapphire, zircon, beryl, emerald, opal, quartz, jade, topaz, turquoise, lapis lazuli, chrysoberyl, Amber, Spinel, Tourmaline, Tanzanite, Zinc Blende, Wurtzite and others.
  • synthetic minerals or gemstones the skilled artisan will be referred to the following book, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety: "Artifical Gemstones", Michael O'Donoughue, NAG Press, London, 2005.
  • the fluorescent minerals for fluorescent standard use described herein are typically solids, depending on the desired application, they may be provided as a fluorescent standard in a variety of forms, such as flakes, cylinders, prisms, or other geometric shapes or rough, cut, broken, chopped and preferably as a powder or cast or polymerized powder, which can be processed or prepared in any size.
  • the advantage of the pulverization is that there is no scrap, that expensive costs for cutting and polishing are eliminated, that inhomogeneities in the fluorescence standards are averaged, that powders of different materials can be mixed together and that powders can be further embedded in other materials (eg polymer, resin, Gels, etc.).
  • the fluorescent mineral according to the invention for use as a fluorescence standard has a cylindrical shape, as shown schematically in FIG. 1a.
  • powdered ruby or ruby nanoparticles
  • a polymer eg, COC [Cyclic Olefin Copolymer], COP [Cyclic Olefin Polymer], acrylic and others
  • hydrogel e.g, hydrogel
  • a cylinder can be cut into correspondingly smaller cylinders.
  • FIG. 1 a the fluorescent mineral according to the invention for use as a fluorescence standard has a cylindrical shape in each case, the length and the diameter of the cylinder 2 being smaller than the length and the diameter of the cylinder Cylinders are 4.
  • the cylindrical shape for a fluorescent mineral of the invention for use as a fluorescent standard is also preferred because the fluorescent mineral of the present invention for use as a fluorescence standard in this form can be easily inserted into a correspondingly shaped bore of a corresponding instrument to serve, for example, to calibrate the instrument ,
  • the fluorescent minerals according to the invention for use as fluorescence standards described above can be advantageously integrated into a sample plate or a sample carrier for receiving a plurality of samples.
  • This sample plate can be designed, for example, as a microscope carrier ("slide") or as a microtiter plate with a multiplicity of depressions (for example 96 wells or "wells").
  • a sample carrier according to the invention may be designed to accommodate a multiplicity of capillaries, cuvettes, reaction vessels, gels, polymers, tubes, and / or microfluidic chips.
  • the fluorescent mineral of the invention may be arranged in at least one of the wells for use as a fluorescent standard.
  • the fluorescent mineral of the present invention is for use as a fluorescence standard in the above-described cylindrical shape and the wells of the microtube plate have a correspondingly complementary cylindrical shape
  • the fluorescent mineral of the present invention for use as a fluorescent standard can be easily incorporated into one or more of these wells, again removable or firmly connected to the sample plate, for example by gluing.
  • FIGS. 1 b and 1 c show a further preferred embodiment of a sample plate for holding a multiplicity of samples into which the fluorescent minerals according to the invention described above for use as fluorescent standards can advantageously be integrated.
  • a perforated plate 10 having a plurality of holes 12a, 12b, 12c, 14a, 14b, 14c, which extend completely through the perforated plate 10 and are sized in size so that a held in these holes 12a, 12b, 12c, 14a, 14b, 14c sample due to the capillary forces against gravity in the holes 12a, 12b, 12c, 14a, 14b, 14c held.
  • 1 b and 1 c has, for example, 6 holes 12 a, 12 b, 12 c, 14 a, 14 b, 14 c, three holes each having the same diameter and the diameter of the holes 12 a, 12 b, 12 c being smaller than the diameter of the holes 14a, 14b, 14c.
  • 6 holes 12 a, 12 b, 12 c, 14 a, 14 b, 14 c three holes each having the same diameter and the diameter of the holes 12 a, 12 b, 12 c being smaller than the diameter of the holes 14a, 14b, 14c.
  • both the entire orifice plate 10 and only a part thereof may be made of a fluorescent mineral for use as a fluorescent standard.
  • a fluorescent mineral for use as a fluorescence standard in the form of a Cylinder such as the cylinders 2 and 4 of Figure 1, inserted.
  • a fluorescent mineral for use as a fluorescence standard is arranged in each of the holes 12b and 14b.
  • the holes 12a and 14a there is a liquid sample and the holes 12c and 14c are empty.
  • a cylinder of fluorescent mineral for use as a fluorescence standard can be removably inserted into the perforated plate 10 or fixedly connected to the perforated plate 10, for example by gluing.
  • orifice plates suitable for use in the invention are described in greater detail in PCT / EP2009 / 002333, which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
  • the measuring device 50 comprises a monolithic electro-optical module 52 containing the optical and electronic components for making a measurement. This module, which is also described in more detail in the above cited PCT / EP2008 / 001468, has a confocal design of the optics.
  • the measuring device 50 comprises a slot 54 for receiving a sample plate 56, which may be one of the sample plates described above, namely a microscope carrier, a microtiter plate or a perforated plate, into which a fluorescent mineral for use as a fluorescence standard is integrated according to the invention .
  • the sample plate 56 may be inserted into the slot 54 and moved relative to the module 52. Additionally or alternatively, the module 52 may be moved relative to the sample plate 56.
  • the measuring device 50 is further equipped with a keypad 58 for controlling the measurements and a display 60 for displaying the obtained measurement results.
  • the fluorescent standards and sample plates of such fluorescent standards described above are useful for calibrating instruments used to measure steady-state fluorescence, time-resolved fluorescence, fluorescence lifetime, and / or fluorescence polarization.
  • the term calibration refers to the wavelength of the fluorescence signal, the intensity of the fluorescence signal, the lifetime or length of the fluorescence signal, and / or the orientation of a sample plate. Alignment may be controlled by movement of the plate relative to an optical reader, to a position where, for example, the maximum fluorescence intensity is observed.
  • the fluorescence standards of the invention are intended to be used to monitor the accuracy and operational performance of, for example, fluorescence sensors.
  • the fluorescence standards may e.g. analytical devices (e.g., optical measuring device 50 described above) may be incorporated to ensure the serviceability of these devices.
  • the devices carry e.g. a self-test that includes the sensor functions.
  • the sensor illuminates the fluorescence standard and measures the fluorescence intensity of the standard. This value is then compared to a stored value. If both values are within the permitted tolerance range, the self-test will be issued as passed. In doing so, both the light source and the detector as well as the electronics as well as the mechanical parts (if the sensor has to be moved first) of the device are checked.
  • the application of the fluorescent minerals according to the invention is not limited only to intensity measurements. Fluorescence can be performed as an intensity measurement, but also time resolved as an excited state lifetime, a polarization measurement, a phase shift measurement with fluorescence excited with a modulated intensity, and a measurement of rotational correlation time since the fluorescence molecules can move during the time delay from excitation to emission and, if emitted in a polarized manner, emitting light to a specific solid angle. Therefore, the inventive fluorescent minerals or Mixtures of which are used as standards for all these types of fluorescence measurements.
  • the use of the fluorescent minerals according to the invention is not limited only to the use as fluorescence standards, but the minerals can also be used as color standards or reflektromethariwitz standards, generally as optical standards.
  • the fluorescent standards of the invention can be functionalized, e.g. by the chemical attachment of functional groups on the
  • oxides such as corundum / ruby / sapphire or silicates
  • silicon chemistry silanes, siloxanes
  • any products or objects can be clearly identified with the fluorescence standards according to the invention.
  • the fluorescent minerals according to the invention for use as fluorescent standards are namely light, temperature and otherwise stable, so that e.g. Even without further labels, barcodes, packaging, etc. can be provided so that even after a long time can still be reliably read or recognized.
  • Ruby is non-toxic and sparingly soluble. This allows use in medical technology, for example in implants, and for many diagnostic purposes, e.g. as a standard for monitoring the glucose content in implants.
  • the comparison glasses used are the commercially available colored glasses from Schott Glas with the product name OG 550 (melt number: 339636, dimension 50.0 ⁇ 50.0 mm, thickness 1.0 mm), OY 530 (dimension 13, 0 mm, diameter, thickness 2.0 mm) and OY 570 (dimension 13.0 mm, thickness 2.0 mm).
  • FIGS. 3a to 3n show in the form of bar graphs the measured fluorescence intensities in mV for ruby, amber, turquoise, calcium fluoride and the three different fluorescence standards available from Schott, namely the glasses OG 550, OY 530, and OY 570. at different excitation and emission wavelengths. It can be seen immediately the limited applicability of the commercially available glasses used as fluorescence standards, as they show a very low or no signal at many wavelength combinations (excitation (Ex) / detection (Em)).
  • ruby shows a very pronounced fluorescence signal in almost all wavelength combinations, especially even at higher wavelengths.
  • organic compounds for use as fluorescent standards which are "light stable", i. do not fade on prolonged irradiation (bleechen).
  • a further advantage of the fluorescent minerals according to the invention, in particular ruby, is the pronounced fluorescence intensity with a large "Stokes shift", i. the distance from the excitation wavelength (Ex) to the emission wavelength (Em).
  • Figures 4a to 4f show the measured fluorescence intensities for the materials studied at different wavelengths in a synopsis in the form of bar graphs.
  • the parameter G given in the figure legend represents the sensitivity setting of the fluorescence sensor.
  • G refers to the current of the LED for excitation. The higher the current of the LED, the brighter it lights up and the more efficient the excitation. Again, the pronounced fluorescence intensity over a wide wavelength range is particularly noticeable in ruby.
  • Figure 5 shows the results of a "bleaching" study conducted with a laser of 18 MW at an excitation wavelength of 532 nm.
  • a ruby has been irradiated or stimulated by the laser for different lengths of time, and the fluorescence intensity has been measured.
  • the plot shows a practically horizontal regression line, ie the fluorescence intensity of the ruby is independent of the duration of irradiation and in practice does not decrease, especially with longer irradiation times.
  • no bleching of the fluorescent standard occurs.
  • Figure 6 shows a plot of the measured fluorescence intensities as a function of wavelength for a ruby at different temperatures.
  • the ruby has been excited with light of a wavelength of 400 nm.
  • the different graphs show the measurements at temperatures between room temperature and about 65 degrees Celsius, the maximum fluorescence intensity at an emission wavelength of about 693 nm at a temperature of about 65 degrees Celsius has been measured.
  • Figure 7 shows the fluorescence dependence of a ruby on temperature in another form.
  • fluorescent minerals of this invention containing such fluorescent minerals as described herein may be used to advantage in manners other than those described above, which are also intended to be within the scope of the invention, such as the same the following claims are defined.
  • fluorescence standard as used herein is to be interpreted broadly and encompasses all applications in which the fluorescence property of the minerals according to the invention is used, ie after suitable excitation electromagnetic radiation with measurable physical properties (such for example, intensity, polarization, lifetime, phase shift, rotational correlation time) at a well-defined wavelength.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne des étalons de fluorescence et en particulier des étalons de fluorescence destinés à étalonner des détecteurs optiques. Comme étalons de fluorescence, l'invention utilise un minéral fluorescent ou des mélanges de minéraux fluorescents. Le matériau fluorescent peut être un matériau d'origine naturelle ou un minéral préparé par synthèse. Des minéraux fluorescents que l'on préfère utiliser comme étalons de fluorescence sont le corindon, la fluorite, le rouge turc, l'ambre jaune, le zirconium, la zoïsite, l'iolithe ou la cordiérite, le spinelle, la topaze, le fluorure de calcium, la sphalérite ou pseudogalène, la calcite, l'apatite, la schélite ou tungstène, la willémite, le feldspath, la sodalithe, un minéral d'uranium, un minéral contenant Al3+ et en particulier le rubis et le saphir.
EP09731735A 2008-04-17 2009-04-17 Étalons de fluorescence et leur utilisation Ceased EP2269035A2 (fr)

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EP11179349.3A EP2395346A3 (fr) 2008-04-17 2009-04-17 Norme de fluorescence et son utilisation
EP11179347.7A EP2395345A3 (fr) 2008-04-17 2009-04-17 Norme de fluorescence et son utilisation
EP09731735A EP2269035A2 (fr) 2008-04-17 2009-04-17 Étalons de fluorescence et leur utilisation
EP11179345.1A EP2395344A3 (fr) 2008-04-17 2009-04-17 Norme de fluorescence et son utilisation

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EP09731735A EP2269035A2 (fr) 2008-04-17 2009-04-17 Étalons de fluorescence et leur utilisation
PCT/EP2009/002830 WO2009127424A2 (fr) 2008-04-17 2009-04-17 Étalons de fluorescence et leur utilisation

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EP2395344A3 (fr) 2013-10-16
EP2395346A2 (fr) 2011-12-14
EP2395344A2 (fr) 2011-12-14
EP2395345A2 (fr) 2011-12-14
US8704158B2 (en) 2014-04-22
CN102007395B (zh) 2014-03-12
US20110076687A1 (en) 2011-03-31
CA2720041C (fr) 2017-01-17
AU2009237945A1 (en) 2009-10-22
EP2395345A3 (fr) 2013-10-16
CN102007395A (zh) 2011-04-06
WO2009127424A3 (fr) 2009-12-10
EP2395346A3 (fr) 2013-10-16
WO2009127424A9 (fr) 2010-02-04
AU2009237945B2 (en) 2014-11-13
CA2720041A1 (fr) 2009-10-22
JP2011516895A (ja) 2011-05-26

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