EP2267849B1 - Balais en charbon - Google Patents
Balais en charbon Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2267849B1 EP2267849B1 EP09163800A EP09163800A EP2267849B1 EP 2267849 B1 EP2267849 B1 EP 2267849B1 EP 09163800 A EP09163800 A EP 09163800A EP 09163800 A EP09163800 A EP 09163800A EP 2267849 B1 EP2267849 B1 EP 2267849B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- adhesion promoter
- face
- carbon brush
- carbon
- abrasive particle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
- H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
- H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
- H01R39/20—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof
- H01R39/22—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush characterised by the material thereof incorporating lubricating or polishing ingredient
Definitions
- the invention relates to a carbon brush for electrically contacting a relative to the carbon brush moving contact structure, in particular a commutator of an electric motor with a brush body formed from a carbonaceous material, wherein the brush body is provided on its contact surface facing the contact structure with a grinding device, and a method for manufacturing such a carbon brush.
- Carbon brushes of the type mentioned above which serve in particular for making electrical contact with a moving relative to the carbon brush electrical contact structure, such as a commutator of an electric motor, by means of a sliding contact between a contact surface of the carbon brush and the contact surface of the commutator are well known. Also known are the resulting from this particular type of electrical contact adverse effects, which are due in detail to different causes.
- the DE-A-210329 discloses a carbon brush with a brush body made of carbon, which is offset with an abrasive carrier.
- the DE-A-193246 shows a carbon brush with a brush body made of carbon, which according to one embodiment grains of pumice are added in a uniform distribution, or in a further embodiment, polishing bodies are added, which are inserted into the carbon body.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object to propose a carbon brush with integrated grinding device, which is easy to manufacture, in particular the formation of the Grinding device is easily combined with the manufacturing process for producing the brush body.
- the grinding device has a bonding agent and a distribution of an abrasive grain, which has been arranged after completion of the brush body by means of the bonding agent on the end face is
- the carbon brush according to the invention thus makes it possible to produce a brush body in a conventional manufacturing process, at the end of which the brush body is provided with an end face which already has the topography suitable for contacting with the contact structure.
- the arrangement of the grinding device on the end face is realized by means of an adhesion promoter, which produces a mechanical connection between an abrasive abrasive grain, so for example a pumice stone, and the end face.
- the end surface of the brush body designed according to the surface of the contact structure on the one hand in its surface topography is not affected by the grinding device. This has the consequence, in particular, that, after consumption of the grinding device consuming itself by the sliding contact with the contact structure, the end face comes into contact with the contact structure over its full area from the beginning.
- the entire cross section of the carbon brush is available for the introduction of current into the contact structure without an increase in the contact resistance due to a reduction in the contact area dimension.
- the grinding device has a distribution of an abrasive grain applied to the Stirnf kaue by means of the adhesion promoter, after a first contact between the end face of the brush body and the contact structure ensures that the electrical properties of the used for the production of the brush body carbonaceous material fully to Are available, without that after initial contact of the face any abrasive additive in the brush body could lead to a deterioration of the electrical properties.
- the adhesion promoter serves as a positioning structure for the defined spatial arrangement of the abrasive grain. Accordingly, the abrasive grain is added directly distributed in the bonding agent, so that no separate substrate for the defined distributed arrangement of the grain material is needed.
- the adhesion promoter serves to connect a position structure defining the abrasive grain material in its spatial arrangement to the contact surface.
- the material for forming the position structure independently of the adhesion promoter, and to choose, for example, as a positioning structure, a substrate with a textile structure or fleece on which the abrasive grain is arranged in a defined grain size and - distribution.
- the bonding agent and / or the positioning structure are electrically conductive. Accordingly, the abrasive abrasive grain can be selected independently of any electrical properties. In particular, electrical non-conductors can be used, which can be selected solely with regard to their abrasive property.
- adhesion promoter or the positioning structure may be advantageous to provide the adhesion promoter or the positioning structure with electrically conductive properties, it may be advantageous to provide the adhesion promoter or the positioning structure with an electrically conductive additive, that is to say, for example, carbon fibers embedded in the adhesion promoter or the positioning structure.
- an electrically conductive additive that is to say, for example, carbon fibers embedded in the adhesion promoter or the positioning structure.
- abrasive effect of the abrasive grain it may be sufficient not to provide the entire end face, but only portions of the contact surface with the adhesion promoter, so that only corresponding areas are provided with the abrasive abrasive grain and thus formed on the end face Grinding device is not formed over the entire surface but structured.
- a brush body formed from a carbonaceous material, including the formation of the end face.
- a grinding device comprising an abrasive grain material is arranged on the end face by means of a bonding agent applied to the contact surface.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible to produce a brush body in a first process phase which is already provided in accordance with the carbon brush for the contact surface configured for the simple phase following stationary operation.
- An influence or impairment of the contact surface formation by the grinding device does not take place according to the production according to the invention.
- in the inventive preparation for producing a carbon brush, which is provided with a grinding device in simple manner can be built on the method for producing a conventional carbon brush, without a post-processing of the contact surface would be necessary.
- the grinding device formed on the brush body is produced in that the abrasive abrasive grain is added to the adhesion promoter before it is applied to the end face.
- the grinding device can be produced simply by producing a distribution of the abrasive abrasive grain in the adhesion promoter, for example by adding the abrasive grain material to the adhesion promoter before it is applied to the end face and producing a suspension.
- connection of the abrasive abrasive grain with the bonding agent takes place by a recording of the abrasive grain material from a grain material reservoir, so for example by a brush body, the end face is wetted with adhesion promoter, is dipped into a grain material reservoir, the grinding device is formed by grain material adhering to the adhesion promoter.
- the grinding device on the end face of the brush body such that a substrate provided with the abrasive core material is applied to the adhesion promoter.
- Fig. 1 shows a carbon brush 20 with a carbon-containing material, in particular graphite, formed brush body 21 which in the present embodiment opposite its provided with a pigtail 22 terminal end 23 has a concave here end face 24 which is provided with a grinding device 25.
- a carbon-containing material in particular graphite
- the end face 24 of in Fig. 1 shown carbon brush 20 is used to form an electrically conductive sliding contact with a not shown here, a cylindrical surface having Commutator of an electric motor, so that adjusts due to the concave formation of the end face 24 after consumption of the arranged on the end face 24 grinding device 25 a conforming contact between the end face 24 and formed on the surface of the commutator contact structure.
- the grinding device 25 has a bonding agent 26, which consists of a suitable binder or adhesive, such as epoxy resin, and receives an abrasive grain 27 positioned in a defined distribution.
- the abrasive grain 27 may be formed of different material, the abrasive effect of the abrasive grain 27 is in the foreground.
- the abrasive grain 27 may be a material that is termed "pumice powder" in a generic manner and ultimately comprises any mineral grain of defined grain size, in particular the selected grain size fraction, ie the permissible range limits for the grain size corresponding to the desired Abrasionseffckt be selected ,
- materials such as silicon carbide, alumina, iron oxide, silica, quartzes, carbides, plastic particles, and mixtures of the above-exemplified materials having sufficient abrasive properties are also usable.
- the particle sizes may be between 0.1 and 150 ⁇ m.
- the abrasive grain 27 is distributed in the adhesion promoter 26 received, so that the latter not only for the production of a mechanical connection between the abrasive grain 27 and the end face 24 but also for training a positioning structure for the positioning arrangement of the abrasive grain 27 with respect to the end face 24 is used.
- the choice or type of adhesion promoter26 is essential for the shear strength with which the abrasive grain 27 is held on the contact surface 24.
- Fig. 2 shows in a further embodiment, a carbon brush 28 having a matching with the carbon brush 20 brush body 21, the end face 24 is provided with a grinding device 29.
- the carbon brush 20 is provided with a surface parallel to the end face 24 formed sliding contact surface 30. It follows that the grinding contact surface 30 deviating from a newly formed sliding contact surface 31 of the carbon brush 20 in the case of a cylindrically shaped commutator from the beginning fully engaged with the contact surface of the commutator engages.
- Fig. 3 shows, as a further embodiment, a carbon brush 32, which in its embodiment with the carbon brushes 20 ( FIG. Fig. 1 ) and 28 ( Fig. 2 ) has matching brush body 21, the end face 24 is provided with a grinding device 33.
- the grinding device 33 has a structure differing from the grinding devices 25 and 29 insofar as the abrasive grain 27 is not directly positioned in a bonding agent 34, but serves to position the abrasive grain 27 on the end face 24 of a positioning structure 35 which is independent of the adhesion promoter 34 ,
- the positioning structure 35 can be formed from a substrate-shaped carrier, for example a carrier sheet produced from fleece, in particular paper, on the surface of which the abrasive grain 27 embedded in a binding material 36 is arranged.
- the positioning structure 35 may be prefabricated together with the abrasive grain 27 adhering thereto as a separate handling unit, as is the case for example in a so-called “sandpaper", by means of the adhesion promoter 34 on the end face 24 is arranged.
- Fig. 4 1 shows a carbon brush 37, which is provided with a grinding device 57 modified in this respect in comparison to the carbon brush 32, as a connecting surface 38, via which the position structure 35 is connected to the adhesion promoter 34, is formed parallel to the surface 24 of the brush body 21; a concave contact surface 39, which corresponds to the end face 24, results.
- Fig. 5 to 7 is with reference to the in Fig. 4 illustrated embodiment of the carbon brush 37 exemplified a method for producing a grinding device 57 on the end face 24 of the brush body 21.
- the device used in this case comprises, as in Fig. 5 represented, a first application roller 40, which rotates in an adhesive bath, not shown here, such that on a roll surface 41, a bonding agent film 42 is formed.
- a second application roller 43 is provided for arranging an abrasive abrasive grain 27 on the adhesion promoter film 42 arranged on the end surface 24, which is rotated in a reservoir (not illustrated here in detail) filled with abrasive grain 27 in the form of bulk material and provided with an adhesion layer 44.
- adhesive film 42 takes place in the direction of Fig. 6
- Zustellachse 58 shown a contact between the provided with the adhesive film 42 end face 24 and a roll surface 45 of the applicator roll 43, as a result, the in Fig. 7 shown adhering assignment of the bonding agent film 42 with abrasive grain 27 results.
- Fig. 8 Grinding device 49 has a strip structure 53 of a bonding agent 54 that extends perpendicularly to the plane of the drawing, with adhesive strip 55 arranged equidistantly in the present case.
- the abrasive grain 27 is distributed over the end face 52 in a manner distributed over the entire surface of the strip structure 53 of the adhesion promoter 54. How out Fig. 8 it can be seen, resulting in a wear of the grinding device 49 thereby an initially full-surface sliding contact and subsequently adjacent to the end face 52 formed by Schleif fundamentalhoffrne 56 between the HaftvermittlcrstMake 55 strip-shaped sliding contact.
- Fig. 9 shows the grinding device 50, in accordance with the Fig. 8 the arrangement of the adhesion promoter 54 in the form of adhesion promoter strip 55 is provided and deviating from the in Fig. 8 illustrated embodiment, the abrasive grain 27 is disposed only on the adhesive strip 55 and not intermediate, so that already at the beginning of the sliding contact between the grinding device 50 and a commutator adjusts a strip-shaped sliding contact.
- FIG. 1 shows a grinding device 51 in which the bonding agent 54 simultaneously serves to form a position structure for the spatially defined arrangement of the abrasive grain 27.
Landscapes
- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Claims (11)
- Balai de charbon (20, 28, 32, 37, 46, 47, 48) pour la mise en contact électrique d'une structure de contact déplacée par rapport au balai de charbon, en particulier du commutateur d'un moteur électrique, avec un corps de balai (21) constitué d'un matériau à base de carbone, dans lequel le corps de balai est pourvu d'un dispositif frotteur (25, 29, 33, 49, 50, 51, 57) sur sa face avant (24, 52) tournée vers la structure de contact,
caractérisé en ce que
après la finition du corps de balai, le dispositif frotteur est monté sur la face avant et présente un agent adhésif (26, 24, 42, 54) ainsi qu'une répartition d'un grain abrasif, qui est disposé sur la face avant au moyen de l'agent adhésif. - Balai de charbon selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé en ce que
l'agent adhésif (26, 42) sert de structure de positionnement, pour la disposition spatiale prédéfinie du grain abrasif (27). - Balai de charbon selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé en ce que
l'agent adhésif (34) sert à relier une structure de positionnement (35) définissant le grain abrasif dans sa disposition spatiale avec la face avant (24, 52). - Balai de charbon selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que
au moins l'agent abrasif ou la structure de positionnement sont conçus de façon électriquement conductrice. - Balai de charbon selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
caractérisé en ce que
au moins l'agent abrasif ou la structure de positionnement sont pourvus d'un complément électriquement conducteur. - Balai de charbon selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
caractérisé en ce que
l'agent adhésif (54) est appliqué seulement par endroits sur la surface de contact (52). - Procédé pour la fabrication d'un balai de charbon, selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 6,
caractérisé par les étapes de procédé suivantes :- mise à disposition d'un balai de charbon (21) constitué d'un matériau à base de carbone, et- arrangement d'un dispositif frotteur (25, 29, 33, 49, 50, 51, 57) comportant une répartition d'un grain abrasif (27), sur la face avant (24, 52) du corps de balai, au moyen d'un agent adhésif (26, 34, 42, 54) appliqué sur la face avant. - Procédé selon la revendication 7,
caractérisé en ce que
le grain abrasif (27) est ajouté a=à l'agent adhésif (26) avant l'application de celui-ci sur la face avant (24, 52). - Procédé selon la revendication 7,
caractérisé en ce que
dans une première étape de procédé, l'agent adhésif (42) est appliqué sur la face avant (24) du corps de balai (21), et dans une étape de procédé suivante, une liaison entre le grain abrasif (27) et l'agent adhésif (42) est effectuée. - Procédé selon la revendication 9,
caractérisé en ce que
la liaison du grain abrasif (27) avec l'agent adhésif (42) est effectuée par l'admission d'un grain abrasif à partir d'un réservoir de grains abrasifs. - Procédé selon la revendication 9,
caractérisé en ce que
pour la liaison du grain abrasif (27) avec l'agent adhésif (34), une structure de position (35) est appliquée sur l'agent adhésif, qui comporte le grain abrasif dans une disposition spatiale prédéfinie.
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE502009000606T DE502009000606D1 (de) | 2009-06-25 | 2009-06-25 | Kohlebürste |
SI200930048T SI2267849T1 (sl) | 2009-06-25 | 2009-06-25 | Oglena ščetka |
AT09163800T ATE507599T1 (de) | 2009-06-25 | 2009-06-25 | Kohlebürste |
PL09163800T PL2267849T3 (pl) | 2009-06-25 | 2009-06-25 | Szczotka węglowa |
EP09163800A EP2267849B1 (fr) | 2009-06-25 | 2009-06-25 | Balais en charbon |
ES09163800T ES2362707T3 (es) | 2009-06-25 | 2009-06-25 | Escobilla de carbón. |
CN201010179129.5A CN101931157B (zh) | 2009-06-25 | 2010-05-19 | 碳刷 |
JP2010132422A JP5491290B2 (ja) | 2009-06-25 | 2010-06-09 | 炭素ブラシ |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP09163800A EP2267849B1 (fr) | 2009-06-25 | 2009-06-25 | Balais en charbon |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2267849A1 EP2267849A1 (fr) | 2010-12-29 |
EP2267849B1 true EP2267849B1 (fr) | 2011-04-27 |
Family
ID=41264070
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09163800A Active EP2267849B1 (fr) | 2009-06-25 | 2009-06-25 | Balais en charbon |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2267849B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP5491290B2 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN101931157B (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE507599T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE502009000606D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2362707T3 (fr) |
PL (1) | PL2267849T3 (fr) |
SI (1) | SI2267849T1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2973171B1 (fr) * | 2011-03-23 | 2014-01-10 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | Ensemble a balai et bague collectrice, balai et alternateur ou alterno-demarreur associes |
DE102015205735A1 (de) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-10-06 | Schunk Hoffmann Carbon Technology Ag | Verwendung eines Kohlenstoffverbundmaterials zur Herstellung von elektrischen Kontaktkörpern für eine Kraftstoffpumpe sowie Kontaktkörper |
CN107634422A (zh) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-26 | 苏州东翔碳素有限公司 | 一种用于浸渍到电刷接触面上的悬浮液 |
CN107634426A (zh) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-26 | 苏州东翔碳素有限公司 | 一种将悬浮液浸渍到电刷接触面上的方法 |
CN107634427A (zh) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-26 | 苏州东翔碳素有限公司 | 一种用于浸渍到电刷接触面上的悬浮液 |
CN107634417A (zh) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-26 | 苏州东翔碳素有限公司 | 一种用于浸渍到电刷接触面上的悬浮液 |
CN107634415A (zh) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-26 | 苏州东翔碳素有限公司 | 一种具有研磨结构的电刷 |
CN107634423A (zh) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-26 | 苏州东翔碳素有限公司 | 一种将悬浮液浸渍到电刷接触面上的方法 |
CN107634425A (zh) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-26 | 苏州东翔碳素有限公司 | 一种将悬浮液浸渍到电刷接触面上的方法 |
CN107634418A (zh) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-26 | 苏州东翔碳素有限公司 | 一种用于浸渍到电刷接触面上的悬浮液 |
CN107634429A (zh) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-26 | 苏州东翔碳素有限公司 | 一种将悬浮液浸渍到电刷接触面上的方法 |
CN107634421A (zh) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-26 | 苏州东翔碳素有限公司 | 一种具有研磨结构的电刷 |
CN107634428A (zh) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-26 | 苏州东翔碳素有限公司 | 一种将悬浮液浸渍到电刷接触面上的方法 |
CN107634420A (zh) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-26 | 苏州东翔碳素有限公司 | 一种用于浸渍到电刷接触面上的悬浮液 |
CN107634416A (zh) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-26 | 苏州东翔碳素有限公司 | 一种具有研磨结构的电刷 |
CN107634419A (zh) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-26 | 苏州东翔碳素有限公司 | 一种具有研磨结构的电刷 |
CN107634424A (zh) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-26 | 苏州东翔碳素有限公司 | 一种具有研磨结构的电刷 |
Family Cites Families (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE193246C (fr) | ||||
DE210392C (fr) | ||||
US3392295A (en) * | 1965-05-03 | 1968-07-09 | Ametek Inc | Electrical brush contacts |
US4034249A (en) | 1976-08-05 | 1977-07-05 | General Electric Company | Commutator rounding brush |
JPS5837775U (ja) * | 1981-09-04 | 1983-03-11 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 車輌用発電機 |
JPS6055845A (ja) * | 1983-09-02 | 1985-04-01 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 整流子の研摩方法 |
JPS6174269U (fr) * | 1984-10-19 | 1986-05-20 | ||
JPS61170256A (ja) * | 1985-01-21 | 1986-07-31 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 小型直流モ−タのブラシ |
JPS6416176U (fr) * | 1987-07-16 | 1989-01-26 | ||
JPH0251345A (ja) * | 1988-08-10 | 1990-02-21 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | カーボンブラシの製造法 |
CN1028267C (zh) * | 1990-03-07 | 1995-04-19 | 马渊马达株式会社 | 微型电机的碳刷及其制造方法 |
CN1096313A (zh) * | 1993-06-08 | 1994-12-14 | 庞敏慧 | 高效抛光磨刷石及其制备工艺 |
CN1140942C (zh) * | 2001-06-26 | 2004-03-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 碳纤维碳石墨电刷材料及其制造方法 |
JP2003051360A (ja) * | 2001-08-08 | 2003-02-21 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | カーボンブラシおよびそれを用いた整流子電動機ならびに電気機器 |
DE10209199A1 (de) * | 2002-03-04 | 2003-10-02 | Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Mehrschicht-Kohlebürste |
JP2006288011A (ja) * | 2005-03-31 | 2006-10-19 | Toshiba Ceramics Co Ltd | 電気機械用ブラシ |
DE102006047085A1 (de) * | 2006-10-02 | 2008-04-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Elektrische Maschine |
DE102006050817A1 (de) * | 2006-10-27 | 2008-04-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Elektrogerät sowie Zubehörteil für ein Elektrogerät |
CN201038566Y (zh) * | 2007-05-31 | 2008-03-19 | 许晓华 | 可加速与换向器磨合的电刷 |
DE102007026265B4 (de) * | 2007-06-05 | 2014-04-10 | Gerhard Präzisionspresstechnik GmbH | Kohlebürste |
DE102007058933A1 (de) * | 2007-11-30 | 2009-06-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Bürste zur Stromversorgung elektrischer Maschinen, insbesondere von Kommutatormaschinen |
-
2009
- 2009-06-25 EP EP09163800A patent/EP2267849B1/fr active Active
- 2009-06-25 PL PL09163800T patent/PL2267849T3/pl unknown
- 2009-06-25 SI SI200930048T patent/SI2267849T1/sl unknown
- 2009-06-25 DE DE502009000606T patent/DE502009000606D1/de active Active
- 2009-06-25 AT AT09163800T patent/ATE507599T1/de active
- 2009-06-25 ES ES09163800T patent/ES2362707T3/es active Active
-
2010
- 2010-05-19 CN CN201010179129.5A patent/CN101931157B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-06-09 JP JP2010132422A patent/JP5491290B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN101931157A (zh) | 2010-12-29 |
JP5491290B2 (ja) | 2014-05-14 |
ES2362707T3 (es) | 2011-07-12 |
SI2267849T1 (sl) | 2011-09-30 |
PL2267849T3 (pl) | 2011-08-31 |
EP2267849A1 (fr) | 2010-12-29 |
JP2011009212A (ja) | 2011-01-13 |
DE502009000606D1 (de) | 2011-06-09 |
ATE507599T1 (de) | 2011-05-15 |
CN101931157B (zh) | 2014-04-02 |
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