EP2256411B1 - Conduite de gaz d'échappement pour un appareil de chauffage ou une machine à combustion - Google Patents

Conduite de gaz d'échappement pour un appareil de chauffage ou une machine à combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2256411B1
EP2256411B1 EP10163248.7A EP10163248A EP2256411B1 EP 2256411 B1 EP2256411 B1 EP 2256411B1 EP 10163248 A EP10163248 A EP 10163248A EP 2256411 B1 EP2256411 B1 EP 2256411B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
gas line
particles
channel
electrode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10163248.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2256411A2 (fr
EP2256411A3 (fr
Inventor
Ingo Zeitler
Dietmar Steiner
Datong Wu
Andreas Jennerjahn
Thomas Weil
Tania Gonzalez-Baquet
Ulrike Mock
Tobias Mildenstein
Paul Mielcarek
Juergen Hilzinger
Oliver Bachmann
Uwe Limbeck
Hans Christian Krahl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2256411A2 publication Critical patent/EP2256411A2/fr
Publication of EP2256411A3 publication Critical patent/EP2256411A3/fr
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Publication of EP2256411B1 publication Critical patent/EP2256411B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J3/00—Removing solid residues from passages or chambers beyond the fire, e.g. from flues by soot blowers
    • F23J3/02—Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys
    • F23J3/026—Cleaning furnace tubes; Cleaning flues or chimneys cleaning the chimneys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/12—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by separation of ionising and collecting stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/41—Ionising-electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/45—Collecting-electrodes
    • B03C3/49—Collecting-electrodes tubular
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/74—Cleaning the electrodes
    • B03C3/76—Cleaning the electrodes by using a mechanical vibrator, e.g. rapping gear ; by using impact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
    • F23J15/025—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
    • B03C2201/06—Ionising electrode being a needle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2217/00—Intercepting solids
    • F23J2217/10—Intercepting solids by filters
    • F23J2217/102—Intercepting solids by filters electrostatic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an exhaust pipe for the derivation of a particle-containing exhaust gas from a heater or an internal combustion engine, an electrostatic precipitator for an emission control system and a power plant with a particulate matter emitting incinerator.
  • emission control systems e.g., heating systems, heaters, and combustion engines
  • emission control systems are used in biomass heating systems, where in addition to otherwise economic and environmental benefits increased emissions of pollutants in the exhaust gases can occur.
  • biomass heating systems where in addition to otherwise economic and environmental benefits increased emissions of pollutants in the exhaust gases can occur.
  • relatively high emission of particulate matter as a pollutant component is a problem in biomass heating systems.
  • exhaust pipes are generally metal or plastic pipelines which form a flow channel with a channel wall and a channel interior.
  • exhaust gas purification systems and electrostatic precipitators usually include a flow channel with channel wall and channel interior or an exhaust pipe. Both the conventional exhaust pipes and the flow channels of emission control systems and electrostatic precipitators pollute during operation. Part of the pollution are fine dust particles from the combustion exhaust gas, which are deposited on the duct wall.
  • exhaust pipes or their channel walls must be regularly cleaned and freed of adhering particles.
  • An emission control system which is used for biomass heating systems to reduce particulate matter emission.
  • These described device can be installed in a flue gas or exhaust duct and has for this purpose a lid which is gas-tight placed on an associated opening on a flue gas duct.
  • a spray electrode for example in the form of a tensioned rod, is held over an insulating holder.
  • a high-voltage transformer with rectifier function allows the construction of a high DC voltage between the wire and the lid, which is electrically connected to the furnace tube, so that it acts as a collector electrode.
  • Such an electrostatic filter with a spray electrode and a collector electrode is also known as an electrostatic precipitator.
  • This is used for exhaust gas purification in an exhaust pipe of a heating system.
  • a capacitor is formed by the spray, which runs approximately centrally through the exhaust pipe and therefore also referred to as the center electrode, and a peripheral surface of the exhaust pipe, which is also referred to as a cylindrical capacitor in a cylindrical tube-shaped design of the exhaust pipe.
  • the spray or center electrode generally has a circular cross section in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, wherein the diameter of the cross section or the radius of curvature is generally formed relatively small (for example, less than 0.4 mm).
  • a transverse electrostatic field to the flow direction is formed by the center electrode and the collector electrode formed by the lateral surface with field lines from the center electrode to the collector electrode.
  • a high voltage is applied to the center electrode, for example in the range of 15 kV.
  • a corona discharge is formed, through which the particles flowing through the field in the exhaust gas are charged in a unipolar manner. Due to this charge, most of the particles migrate by electrostatic Coulomb forces to the inner wall (duct wall) of the exhaust pipe, which serves as a collector electrode.
  • the particles are electrostatically charged by the corona discharge which forms along the surface of the electrode. This is done at the molecular level by the following process: Is the electrode z. B. compared to the exhaust pipe to negative high voltage, so a large number of gas molecules is negatively charged. They move in the electric field applied by the electrode and the exhaust pipe (duct wall, collector electrode) in the direction of the exhaust pipe. If these meet on their way through the exhaust pipe to electrically neutral particles, they stick to these and charge the previously neutral particles also negative. The charged particles flow driven by electrostatic Deflection forces to the inner wall of the exhaust pipe. Here the particles stick, lose their charge and are safely removed from the exhaust stream.
  • This core process can be disturbed by the following effects: Burning produces bipolar charged particles.
  • the distribution is symmetrical, ie, there are the same number of positive and negative charged particles.
  • the number of charged particles is reduced by approx. 10% per second due to coagulation, there are still more than 10% charged particles at the electrostatic precipitator (corresponding to about one to two seconds of particle flying time from the place of combustion).
  • a disadvantage of the electrostatic precipitators according to the prior art is that it comes after a long period of operation due to particle deposits to a continuous degradation of the corona current at a constant high voltage. As a result, the charging efficiency of the electrode decreases, which in turn reduces the separation efficiency of the entire system. In addition, the particle deposits narrow the flow area and affect the safe and complete removal of the Exhaust gases from the power generation plant. Therefore, exhaust pipes or their channel walls must be cleaned regularly and freed of adhering particles.
  • the EP 2156895 A2 discloses an electrostatic precipitator, in particular for an exhaust line of an exhaust gas purification system, with a flow channel having a channel wall and a channel inside, through which a particle-containing exhaust gas flows in a flow direction, and an electrode in the channel interior substantially in the flow direction with an electrode feed, for forming an electric field between the electrode and the channel wall, characterized in that further comprises at least one Pumbleabweisesch is included, which prevents particles of the exhaust gas deposited on the electrode.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an exhaust pipe for the discharge of exhaust gas from a power plant, an electrostatic precipitator for an emission control system and a power plant with a fine dust-emitting combustion system, which overcome these disadvantages and in particular prevents deposition of particles on the electrodes or reduced to increase the cleaning and maintenance intervals as well as the service life.
  • the exhaust pipe according to the invention with a flow channel with a channel wall and a channel interior for discharging a particle-containing exhaust gas from a power plant is characterized in that at least one Pumbleabweisesch is included, which is designed as a thermally induced moving element, which deforms upon temperature change and a deposition of particles of the At least partially prevents exhaust gas on the channel wall and / or dissolves adhering particles at least partially from the channel wall.
  • the movement element is at least partially formed spirally in the manner of a spiral spring.
  • one or more such coil springs may carry a brush and / or a wiper and brush and / or wipe adhering particles from the duct wall upon deformation of the spring.
  • the particle repelling agent can deposit particles on other components, I For example, components of an electrostatic precipitator, effectively reduce.
  • the deformation of the moving element is thermally induced, which means that a change in temperature of the moving element causes this deformation.
  • the heat input which causes the change in temperature, comes from the exhaust gas flow in the exhaust pipe.
  • hot exhaust gases are generated by combustion of an energy source. These flow from the power generation plant through the exhaust pipe into the open environment. When flowing through the exhaust pipe, the exhaust gases heat the moving elements to a higher temperature, the moving elements then deform. This deformation can be continuous and substantially proportional to a steadily increasing temperature, or it can also be delayed and abrupt.
  • the moving element is disposed within the flow channel. In another embodiment, it is arranged outside the flow channel.
  • the moving element is formed as an integral portion of the exhaust pipe. In a further embodiment, it is designed as a separate unit.
  • the movement element moves relative to the channel wall and / or it moves the exhaust pipe or the channel wall relative to a rest position.
  • the movement element is designed for contacting the exhaust pipe or the duct wall in order to shake or vibrate the duct wall during a movement of the movement element and to detach particles thus adhering from the duct wall.
  • the movement element is designed to contact particles adhering to the channel wall in order to at least partially detach, strip and / or brush off the particles from the channel wall during a movement of the movement element.
  • the movement element comprises a shaped bimetal.
  • the bimetal further elements can be coupled, which are driven by the bimetal.
  • movement of other elements or mechanisms is initiated by the bimetal in the supply and removal of heat.
  • the Movement element may also be the separate bimetal, which moves accordingly relative to the channel wall.
  • An exemplary embodiment of the exhaust pipe provides that the movement element is designed as a snap element arranged on the channel wall which thermally induces when a limit temperature is exceeded from a first stable position (first form) to a second stable position (second form), snaps (deforms), and when falling below a threshold temperature from the second stable position to the first stable position, snaps back (deforms back) to prevent deposition of particles on the channel wall. By snapping over, adhering particles are knocked off the channel wall.
  • the moving element may have various shapes. It can be formed as different bimetals several sections of the moving element.
  • the bimetal can be pre-stamped in various forms, for example, serpentine, wavy, sawtooth wave, etc., to realize corresponding deformations.
  • At least one particle-repelling agent has a particle non-stick coating which prevents permanent adhesion of particles to the particle-repelling agent and / or the channel wall by reducing adhesive parameters.
  • the electrostatic precipitator according to the invention for an exhaust gas purification system with an exhaust pipe comprising a flow channel having a channel wall and a channel inside, through which a particle-containing exhaust gas flows in a flow direction, and an electrode extending in the channel interior in the flow direction, to form an electric field between the electrode and the duct wall, is characterized in that an exhaust pipe according to the invention is designed according to one of claims 1 to 7.
  • the power generation plant according to the invention for generating energy by combustion of a fuel with a particulate matter emitting combustion system, wherein particulate exhaust gases are formed is characterized by an inventive exhaust pipe according to one of claims 1 to 7 and / or an electrostatic precipitator according to claim 8.
  • Under power generation plant is here a device understood with the heat energy or kinetic energy is generated, or with which an energy form is converted into another form of energy.
  • the electrostatic precipitator according to the invention and the power generation plant according to the invention in particular the following advantages are realized: A prevention or reduction of fine dust deposits on the channel wall and on the electrode is realized.
  • the system can be relieved of fine dust deposits reliably by moving the Prismabweisesch relative to the channel wall along the channel wall.
  • a snapping or beating motion is realized, which is achieved in particular by a corresponding pre-stamping of the bimetallic strip or the bimetallic strip.
  • pre-stamping when heating when starting the heater or heater operation first, the shape of the bimetal remains constant until the heat energy is sufficient to initiate the inhibited by pre-deformation (cracking-frog effect).
  • the subsequent movement then has a high acceleration, which shakes the exhaust pipe or the channel wall and / or vibrated and used to remove particles. Conversely, even when cooling down after switching off the heating system by jumping the pre-stamping a snapping motion triggered.
  • the bimetal passes through the temperature range of the snapping deformation.
  • a series of knockouts is provided for the particle-repelling means, which are then zigzag-shaped, for example. Every time the stove is started and stopped, the slightly adhering fine dust is shaken off the duct wall by vibration.
  • the pre-stamping is to be dimensioned so that a corresponding distance to the surrounding furnace pipe is always maintained.
  • the deformation of the bimetal advantageously operates a kind of hammer mechanism which once strikes the channel wall when heated and cooled (switching on or off the furnace) and freed of dust deposits.
  • the channel wall or the particle repelling agent is provided with an anti-adhesion layer, for.
  • polyorganosiloxanes polysiloxanes, hybrid materials of inorganic and organic polymers and coating materials containing non-stick particles.
  • a corresponding doping of the silicon-oxygen compound ensures a sufficient for use as a discharge electrode high electrical conductivity or plasma resistance. Due to the mechanical cleaning by at least one bimetal dust deposits on the channel wall can be shaken off periodically.
  • This option does not consume additional energy as the bimetal is activated by the temperature change generated when the stove is turned on or off.
  • the charging unit formed from the electrode, electrode feed and possibly insulation is installed close behind the heating system, temperatures between 200 ° C (wood pellet heating systems) and 400 ° C (firewood systems) can occur due to the hot exhaust gas.
  • the emitted dust particles (especially in the case of firewood combustion) consist of a large proportion of carbon and are therefore combustible. Under these conditions, it makes sense to provide the thermal oxidation as a regeneration mechanism of the charging unit. This burnup is supported catalytically according to a further embodiment by a suitable coating of the inner wall of the charging unit.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows a longitudinal section through an embodiment of a non-inventive power generation plant 100 with electrostatic precipitator 1 and exhaust pipe 2.
  • the heating system 100 is designed to generate energy by burning an energy source such as biomass and includes in addition to the electrostatic precipitator 1, a heating system 110.
  • the heating system 110th is designed as a particulate matter emitting heating system such as a biomass heating system for burning a corresponding biomass energy source. In this combustion, particle-containing exhaust gases are produced, which are expelled through an exhaust pipe or an exhaust pipe 2.
  • the electrostatic precipitator 1 is arranged in the exhaust pipe 2 of an exhaust gas purification system not shown here and comprises a flow channel 3.
  • the flow channel 3 is formed as a tubular portion of the exhaust pipe 2 and includes a channel wall 4 and a channel interior 5.
  • an electrode 6 which is also referred to as a center electrode, spray electrode or corona electrode, extends in the interior of the flow channel 3.
  • the flow channel 3 is preferably formed in cross-section in the flow direction P rotationally symmetrical about a central axis (not shown here).
  • the electrode 6 extends substantially along this central axis.
  • the exhaust pipe 2 has an approximately right-angled kink.
  • the electrode 6 is in Fig. 1 formed in the section of the exhaust pipe 2 shown here horizontally.
  • the electrode 6 is fed via an electrode feed 7, which is covered with an insulator 8.
  • the electrode 6 forms a charging unit, in which particles can be charged electrically.
  • the electrode 6 forms with the channel wall 4 under application of a high voltage an electric field whose field lines are substantially radial to the electrode 6 and the channel wall 4, substantially transversely, more precisely at right angles to the flow direction P.
  • this layer S can be flattened under real conditions by flow-related transports, changed deposition characteristics and increased electrical resistance for outgoing electrical charges, etc.
  • Over the operating time growing fine dust layer on the inner channel wall 4 of the exhaust pipe 2 leads over time to a narrowing of the exhaust pipe cross-section. This leads to a deterioration of the exhaust train and can thus react to the combustion conditions.
  • the exhaust pipe comprises in the illustrated embodiment in FIG Fig. 1 a P
  • Fig. 2 schematically shows partially a longitudinal section through a further embodiment of a non-inventive power generation plant 100 with electrostatic precipitator 1 and exhaust pipe 2.
  • the same or similar parts are identified by the same reference numerals. A detailed description of already described components is eliminated.
  • the embodiment according to Fig. 2 is based on the same principle as the embodiment according to Fig. 1 differs only by the execution of the Pumbleabweisestoffs 9 and a collecting device 10 for knocked or falling particles.
  • the electrostatic precipitator 1 is arranged in the exhaust pipe 2 and comprises the flow channel 3.
  • the flow channel 3 is formed as a tubular portion of the exhaust pipe 2 and includes the channel wall 4 and the channel interior 5.
  • the particle-containing exhaust gas P flows in the corresponding flow direction , Inside the flow channel 3 extends in Flow direction of the electrode 6.
  • the electrode 6 is fed via the electrode feed 7, which is covered with the insulator 8. Due to the existing Prismabweisestoff 9, no particulate layer S is deposited on the channel wall 4, as shown.
  • the particle-repelling means 9 is designed as a movement element 9a, which is designed as a thermally induced movement element in the form of a bimetal 11. With a corresponding heat supply or removal, the bimetal 11 moves accordingly from a bistable position to another bistable position.
  • the movement element 9a is formed adjacent to the channel wall 4 and contacts it at least partially. As a result of the movement and the associated oscillation, particles adhering to the channel wall 4 are removed mechanically or adhesion is prevented or reduced.
  • the bimetal 11 may be formed as a bimetallic strip.
  • Bimetal strips consist of two layers of different metals, which are connected to each other and have different thermal expansion coefficients, whereby the bimetal deforms at a certain temperature change. This characteristic is exploited by the embodiment shown here for the periodic passive cleaning of the exhaust pipe of a biomass heating system. Waste particles become according to the embodiment according to Fig. 2 in the collecting device 10, which may be formed, for example, as ash crate or the like, collected and can be disposed of over this.
  • the shaken-down particulate matter layer is largely not entrained by the flowing exhaust gas flow, because the particles no longer float due to their size, which is in the mm range.
  • Fig. 3 schematically shows partially a longitudinal section through a further embodiment of a non-inventive heating system 100 with electrostatic precipitator 1 and Exhaust pipe 2.
  • the electrode 6 with electrode inlet 7 and insulator 8 is arranged here on a vertical portion of the exhaust pipe.
  • the embodiment detects Fig. 3 additionally a shielding unit 12.
  • the shielding unit 12 is designed so that the electrode 6, the electrode feed 7 and / or the insulator 8 are protected from falling particles.
  • Fig. 4 shows schematically in two longitudinal sections and a top view a detailed view of a bistable moving element 9a in an exhaust pipe 2.
  • four movement elements 9a are provided, of which only two are shown in the longitudinal section.
  • the movement elements 9a are formed on a vertical portion of the exhaust pipe 2 on the duct wall 4.
  • the moving elements 9a are shown in a first stable position at low temperatures.
  • the movement elements 9a are shown in a heated state in a second stable position.
  • the four movement elements 9a can be seen, which are arranged approximately in pairs opposite one another.
  • the movement elements 9a are formed as a bimetal 11 with bimetallic characteristics.
  • the bimetals 11 are designed such that the temperature range in which the respective bimetal is deformed (activated) is passed through when switching on or off the corresponding heating system 110. These processes lead to a temperature change of the exhaust pipe environment of 150-200 K, that is, a temperature difference between exhaust gas and ambient air.
  • a pre-embossing is preferably provided. As a result, when heated, first the shape of the bimetal 11 remains constant until the applied heat energy is sufficient to initiate the deformation inhibited by stamping, which is also called the cracking-frog effect.
  • the subsequent movement of the bimetal 11 then has a high acceleration. Conversely, even when cooling down after switching off the heating system by jumping the pre-stamping a snapping motion triggered.
  • This can conveniently be achieved by a convex / concave embossment of bimetallic strips, such as in automatically resetting Thermal circuit breakers are installed.
  • a plurality of such bimetallic strips are attached to the duct wall 4 of the exhaust duct as bistable snap-action elements, eg as wide elongate strips along the duct wall 4, as in FIGS Fig. 2 to 4 shown schematically.
  • the bimetals 11 are formed differently from one another in one embodiment. In principle, the shape of the bimetals 11 is freely selectable. In Fig. 5 For example, different embodiments of the bimetals 11 are executed.
  • Fig. 5 shows schematically in two longitudinal sections two different embodiments of the movement elements 9a in an exhaust pipe 2.
  • the movement elements 9a are formed as bimetals 11 with snap property.
  • the snapping elements designed as small square or circular sheets. These are distributed on the inside of the duct wall 4.
  • a particle non-stick coating may include, for example, materials such as polyorganosiloxanes, polysiloxanes, hybrid materials of inorganic and organic polymers, and coating materials containing non-stick particles.
  • Fig. 6 shows schematically in two plan views an embodiment of a designed as a spiral moving element 9a Particle repellent 9 in a cold and a heated state.
  • a temperature change on a bimetallic spiral 12 or more bimetallic spirals 12 induces a rotational movement.
  • One or more bimetallic spiral (s) 12 are housed in the free wall of the exhaust pipe at the channel wall 4 for this purpose.
  • the center of the bimetallic spirals 12 is preferably connected non-positively to the exhaust pipe. Due to temperature changes during heating, cooling or dynamic operation of the heating system 100, a slow, steady movement along the inside of the duct wall 4 is impressed on the free outer end of the bimetallic spiral 12.
  • the bimetallic spirals 12 are dimensioned that their ends when passing through the typical for the heating system 110 temperature range, typically between, for example, 20 ° C to 250 ° C, perform about one revolution about a spiral center. If the free ends of a plurality of successive bimetallic spirals 12 connected to a wire or flat material of suitable geometry and / or possibly additionally provided with a brush 13, this covers the inside of the channel wall 4, as in Fig. 6 shown schematically in the two figures. As a result, a fine dust layer S adhering there is stripped off and falls in a preferred vertical orientation of the exhaust pipe down into a suitable collecting device 10.
  • the bimetallic spirals 12 experience different temperature changes in different mounting position in the exhaust pipe depending on the distance from the heating system 110.
  • the bimetallic spirals have different, suitably adapted expansion coefficients. Thus, their free ends during heating or cooling paint approximately the same way along the inside of the channel wall 4 despite different temperature changes.
  • the bimetallic spiral 12 may be formed in a plane.
  • the bimetal spiral 12 may be formed helically extendable, such as the moving member 9a in the next Fig. 7 ,
  • Fig. 7 shows schematically in two longitudinal sections the arrangement of two helical moving elements 9a in a cold and a heated state.
  • the temperature change induces an axial extension of a bimetallic cylinder spring formed as a movement means 9a.
  • a circumference of the bimetallic cylinder spring nestles against the inside of the channel wall 4, wherein one end of the bimetallic cylinder spring is non-positively connected to the exhaust pipe.
  • a pitch of the bimetallic cylinder spring is adjusted so that the thermal expansion when heating the heating system 100 or the heating system 110, the bimetallic cylinder spring expands by about one pitch. This ensures that the entire inner surface of the channel wall 4 in the area of the bimetallic cylinder spring is swept and cleaned.
  • the there adhering fine dust layer S is thus stripped and falls in a preferred vertical orientation of the exhaust pipe down into a suitable collecting device 10.
  • the bimetallic cylinder spring is also provided in one embodiment with other components, which guarantee the cleaning at a lower friction, eg with brushing elements 13 or something similar.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Conduite de gaz d'échappement (2), comprenant un canal d'écoulement (3) avec une paroi de canal (4) et une partie intérieure de canal (5) pour l'évacuation d'un gaz d'échappement (P) contenant des particules hors d'une installation de production d'énergie (100),
    caractérisée en ce
    qu'au moins un moyen anti-particules (9) est prévu, lequel est réalisé sous forme d'élément de déplacement (9a) à induction thermique qui se déforme sous l'effet de variations de température et qui empêche au moins en partie un dépôt de particules de gaz d'échappement (P) sur la paroi de canal (4) et/ou qui détache au moins en partie de la paroi du canal (4) les particules (S) qui adhèrent,
    l'élément de déplacement (9a) étant réalisé au moins en partie en spirale à la manière d'un ressort spiral (12).
  2. Conduite de gaz d'échappement (2) selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisée en ce que l'élément de déplacement (9a) est réalisé sous la forme d'une partie intégrale de la conduite de gaz d'échappement (2).
  3. Conduite de gaz d'échappement (2) selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisée en ce que l'élément de déplacement (9a) est réalisé sous forme d'unité séparée dans ou sur la conduite de gaz d'échappement (2).
  4. Conduite de gaz d'échappement (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisée en ce que l'élément de déplacement (9a) comprend un bimétal façonné (11).
  5. Conduite de gaz d'échappement (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisée en ce que l'élément de déplacement (9a) est réalisé sous forme d'élément basculant (11) disposé sur la paroi du canal (4), qui bascule par induction thermique lors du dépassement d'une température limite, d'une première position stable à une deuxième position stable, et qui, lors du passage en dessous d'une température limite, bascule de la deuxième position stable à la première position stable.
  6. Conduite de gaz d'échappement (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un moyen anti-particules (9) présente un revêtement antiadhérent pour les particules, qui empêche une adhérence durable des particules sur le moyen anti-particules (9) et/ou sur la paroi du canal (4) en réduisant les paramètres d'adhérence.
  7. Conduite de gaz d'échappement (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisée en ce qu'un dispositif de capture (10) est prévu, lequel capture et collecte les particules qui tombent.
  8. Séparateur électrostatique (1) pour une installation de purification des gaz d'échappement, le séparateur électrostatique (1) avec une conduite de gaz d'échappement (2), comprenant
    un canal d'écoulement (3) avec une paroi de canal (4) et une partie intérieure de canal (5) à travers laquelle un gaz d'échappement (P) contenant des particules s'écoule dans une direction d'écoulement, et une électrode (6) s'étendant dans la partie intérieure du canal (5) dans la direction d'écoulement (P), pour former un champ électrique entre l'électrode (6) et la paroi du canal (4),
    caractérisé en ce que la conduite de gaz d'échappement (2) est réalisée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7.
  9. Installation de production d'énergie (100) pour produire de l'énergie par combustion d'un combustible, comprenant
    une installation de combustion (110) émettant de fines poussières, des gaz d'échappement (P) contenant des particules étant formés, et
    une conduite de gaz d'échappement (2) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7 et/ou un séparateur électrostatique (1) selon la revendication 8.
EP10163248.7A 2009-05-30 2010-05-19 Conduite de gaz d'échappement pour un appareil de chauffage ou une machine à combustion Active EP2256411B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009023522A DE102009023522B4 (de) 2009-05-30 2009-05-30 Elektrostatischer Abscheider mit Partikelabweisemittel und Heizungssystem

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EP2256411A2 EP2256411A2 (fr) 2010-12-01
EP2256411A3 EP2256411A3 (fr) 2017-11-08
EP2256411B1 true EP2256411B1 (fr) 2019-09-18

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014223917A1 (de) * 2014-11-25 2016-05-25 Sms Group Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Reinigen von Rauchgas einer metallurgischen Anlage
DE102015204168A1 (de) * 2015-03-09 2016-09-15 Kutzner + Weber Gmbh Elektrostatische Partikelabscheidevorrichtung
CN105570913B (zh) * 2016-02-25 2017-08-25 四川省宜宾惠美线业有限责任公司 一种循环砂子吹灰装置
SE1850373A1 (en) * 2018-04-04 2019-10-05 Nibe Ab Method for providing clean residential comfort heating

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GB408814A (en) * 1933-04-28 1934-04-19 Paul Herbelot Improvements in and relating to electrostatic precipitation devices
GB850275A (en) * 1955-10-17 1960-10-05 Holger Lueder Electrostatic precipitators
US3606733A (en) * 1969-07-17 1971-09-21 American Standard Inc Cleaning control for electrostatic precipitator
JPS57187050A (en) * 1981-05-14 1982-11-17 Toyota Motor Corp Electrostatic precipitator
DE9419495U1 (de) * 1994-12-06 1995-02-02 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co, 35108 Allendorf Wirbulator
CH695113A5 (de) 2000-10-02 2005-12-15 Empa Vorrichtung zur Rauchgasreinigung an Kleinfeuerungen.
DE20115351U1 (de) * 2001-09-18 2003-02-20 Hengst Gmbh & Co Kg Elektroabscheider mit abweisender Niederschlagselektrode
AU2003904383A0 (en) * 2003-08-15 2003-08-28 Paul Harrison Apparatus and method for particle removal from small-scale exhausts
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DE102008015616A1 (de) * 2008-03-26 2009-10-08 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrostatischer Abscheider mit Partikelabweisemittel und Heizsystem
DE102008038236B4 (de) * 2008-08-18 2011-07-21 Robert Bosch GmbH, 70469 Elektrostatischer Abscheider und Heizungssystem mit einem Elektroden-Partikelabweisemittel umfassend ein Bimetall

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2256411A2 (fr) 2010-12-01
EP2256411A3 (fr) 2017-11-08
DE102009023522A1 (de) 2010-12-02
DE102009023522B4 (de) 2013-08-14

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