EP2251168B1 - Method for manufacturing wooden boards - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing wooden boards Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2251168B1 EP2251168B1 EP10004735.6A EP10004735A EP2251168B1 EP 2251168 B1 EP2251168 B1 EP 2251168B1 EP 10004735 A EP10004735 A EP 10004735A EP 2251168 B1 EP2251168 B1 EP 2251168B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lamellae
- layers
- slats
- layer
- glued
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 37
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 210000001145 finger joint Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001417523 Plesiopidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002916 wood waste Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
- B27L5/00—Manufacture of veneer ; Preparatory processing therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
- B27D1/06—Manufacture of central layers; Form of central layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27G—ACCESSORY MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; TOOLS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; SAFETY DEVICES FOR WOOD WORKING MACHINES OR TOOLS
- B27G1/00—Machines or devices for removing knots or other irregularities or for filling-up holes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
- B27M3/0013—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles
- B27M3/006—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles characterised by oblong elements connected both laterally and at their ends
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for the production of wood panels according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a method is known from WO 2004/080713 bakannt.
- Central layers can be formed from cut rods which are joined together laterally. Thus, in the middle position according to the DE 472 147 adjacent rods either glued together or nutfederartig connected to each other.
- the chopsticks can also be connected by dowels. This known method is complicated and expensive.
- the invention has the object of providing the generic method in such a way that with him wood panels can be reliably produced in a cost effective and simple manner.
- lamellae are placed one behind the other in such a way that longer lamellar layers result. It can thus be used short slats, which are joined together to form the longer slats.
- the short slats are fed and put together by an intelligent control system so that the inside of the Slat position at the ends located short slats are so long that they do not interfere with the further processing of the plate produced from the slat layers.
- short slats can be used, which has the advantage that the raw material from which these slats are made, can be used optimally, so that the wood waste is low.
- the slat layers can be glued together with their narrow longitudinal sides together to form the wooden plate whose thickness corresponds to the thickness of the slat layers.
- the slat layers are pressed together with their glued longitudinal sides adjacent to a block. From the block are cut as wood panels middle layers.
- the slats, which form the blocks are each formed of successive slats, which are transported one behind the other in their longitudinal direction and brought with their front sides butt abutting the system. At their end faces, the slats are not firmly connected within a slat position. Within the block, the slats of a slat position with the slats of the adjacent slat position are interconnected. Since the lamellae of adjacent lamellar layers are glued together, the lamellae can have smaller wood defects, such as branches, cracks and the like, without these leading to problems in the subsequent procedure.
- buffer stations are provided for the slats of different lengths, from which the slats are taken to form the respective slat position.
- the length of the slats can be very easily determined with appropriate measuring devices. It is then easily possible, depending on the required width of the center layer to be produced, to remove the corresponding slats from the buffer stations and to assemble them into the respective slat position.
- the slats therefore do not all have the same length but can be of different lengths.
- the corresponding slats are removed from the buffer stations and assembled so that the desired length of the slat position is achieved. Ideally, the slats can be assembled so that the slat position formed from them has the width of the center layer to be produced.
- the total length of the assembled within the slats position slats will be greater than the required width of the middle layer.
- the last slat is separated to the extent that the remaining slats result in the slat position in the required length.
- this last lamella is so long that the remainder piece remaining after the separation can be used as the first lamella of the next lamellar layer to be produced. In this case, no waste piece occurs which could not be used for the production of the middle layer.
- the slats are advantageously placed edgewise, so that they can be easily glued together with their long sides together.
- the lamellae abut each other only bluntly within the lamellar layer on their end faces, but not connected to one another with these end faces, for example glued, it is sufficient if only the longitudinal side of the lamella is glued.
- the lamellae After being glued, the lamellae pass into a gluing press in which they are pressed against one another with their glued longitudinal sides to form slabs or the blocks. Due to the compression results in a firm connection of the individual slat layers within the block, which can be further processed easily.
- the slats are sawn at their ends before gluing, in particular by means of precision sawing.
- the end faces of the slats can be made very accurately, so that the slats within the respective slats position abutting properly abutting with their faces.
- the further processing of the blocks formed from the slats then prepares no problems.
- middle layers it is advantageous to press the middle layers to larger center plate plates.
- the sawn from the blocks center layers are then glued on their respective sides and pressed together in a glue press against each other, so that on the adhesive connection larger, stable middle layer plates can be formed.
- the two outer sides of the middle layer or the middle layer plate with lamellae, which extend over the entire width of the middle layer (nplatte). As a result, it is at least not apparent from the outer sides that the middle region of such a plate consists of less high-quality lamellae.
- a continuous lamella on the outer sides and individual lamellae can be used, which are each connected to each other via a finger joint connection. Between these interconnected by a finger joint connection outer plates are the butted plates, which are frontally only to each other, but not connected to each other, for example, via an adhesive connection.
- the wedge-galvanized lamellae or the continuous lamella are advantageously used in the pressure and tension zones of the middle layer in order to have high-quality or higher-value lamellae in these critical regions.
- the yield can be increased in a sawmill compared to conventional methods. Due to the block bonding described much more wood defects can be tolerated, which contributes to increasing the yield.
- the raw material wood can thus be optimally utilized in a resource-saving manner.
- these rough wood defects are 2 branches, which are removed from the board 1 by two saw cuts 3, 4 marked by parallel lines.
- cracks 5 are at least partially removed, which is illustrated by the saw cuts 6 and 7.
- the board 1 is an example of part of a trunk and has so-called forest edges 8 and 9, which are removed by appropriate shegeschnitte.
- Fig. 2 shows the resulting after trimming the board 1 slats 10 to 13, each having a rectangular outline.
- the slats may have different lengths and / or different thickness.
- the slats 10 to 13 are sorted according to their different lengths in a manner to be described in the system.
- the board 1 is often curved over its width, as exemplified Fig. 3 shows. These curved boards are made after the trimming process turned to the right side around the longitudinal axis of the boards. This in Fig. 3 left board is on the right side, while the right board has to be turned 180 °. These boards are then calibrated with planing so that a lamella of rectangular cross-section is created. The corresponding planing movements are due to the intersecting straight lines in Fig. 4 indicated.
- Fig. 5 shows by way of example on a rectangular outline board having 1, as the coarse defects 2 and 5 are removed by the corresponding shegeschnitte 3, 4, 6, 7.
- the saw cuts 6, 7 are in turn provided so that the cracks 5 are only partially removed. As a result, the amount of waste when cutting is kept small.
- the board 1 is first scanned, the corresponding errors are detected in the board 1. The corresponding readings are fed to a controller where they are stored and later adjusted to position the saws so that they can cut in the right place.
- Fig. 6 shows by way of example two different short lamellae 14, 15 and Fig. 7 two different, long slats 16, 17. They are cut to have a rectangular outline and cross section.
- these buffer stations are designed so that lamellae of a respective length range can be buffered in them.
- the one buffer station can accommodate fins in a length range of, for example, about 200 to 800 mm and another buffer station fins in a length range of, for example, about 800 to 2,000 mm.
- Fig. 8 shows a sawing station 18, with the high-quality plates can be sawed.
- the sawing station 18 has, by way of example, two sawing units 19, 20 with which the lamellae are sawed one after the other at both ends. These slats are fed transversely to their longitudinal direction in the transport direction 21 of the sawing station 18 so that one end of the slats projects beyond the transport support. In this area there is a saw unit 19, with the protruding end of the slats B is sawn. Subsequently, the slats B are transported in their longitudinal direction successively in the direction of the opposite side of the sawing station 18, at which the second saw unit 20 is located. The slats B are in this case transported so far that they survive with their other, not yet sawed end on the transport support of the sawing station 18. This protruding end is then sawn with the saw unit 20.
- both ends of the slats B are sawn successively through the two sawing units 19, 20.
- the fins B are then fed to the buffer stations 22 to 24 ( Fig. 9 ).
- the width of the buffer stations 22 to 24 is selected so that the different lengths of slats B can be transported to the corresponding buffer stations.
- the buffer stations 22 to 24 are designed so that lamellas B can be arranged within them within a certain length range.
- the buffer station 23 receives the shortest slats.
- fins are arranged with a medium length range, while the buffer station 24 accommodates the fins of the largest length.
- the slats B are rotated by 90 ° about their longitudinal axis, so that they are arranged edgewise in the buffer stations.
- the slats are thus with their narrow longitudinal sides on the corresponding support of the buffer stations 22 to 24.
- the slats B are then glued together with their long sides together and pressed.
- the lamellae are removed from the various buffer stations 22 to 24 and fed to a transport device 25.
- the lamellae are successively fed one after the other upright to a glue press 26.
- the slats are glued on a longitudinal side in a gluing station (not shown).
- a length measuring station 27 Between the buffer stations 22 to 24 and the glue press 26 is a length measuring station 27, with which the length of each supplied slat is detected. The measurement results are fed to a controller.
- the lamellae lie with their front sides loosely together and form a slat position.
- the last lamella in the transport direction is cut off accordingly.
- the remainder of the lamella remaining on the transport device after this sawing operation then forms the first lamella of the lamination layer 29 to be subsequently formed.
- the fins B are removed from the buffer stations 22 to 24 in such a way that, if possible, the width of the block 28 to be produced is achieved with the fins lying one behind the other or only a small drop occurs. In this case, this piece of waste should still be so long that the separated lamella piece can form the first lamella of the lamellae to be produced subsequently. With the help of the controller 27, the length of the on the Transport device 25 detected slats detected, this is easy and reliable possible.
- the lamellae are glued together in a known manner with their glued longitudinal sides together under pressing pressure, whereby the block 28 is formed.
- Fig. 10 shows such a block 28 by way of example. It can be seen that it consists of the individual slat layers 29, which in turn are formed by lamellae B abutting with their end faces. Within each slat position 29, the slats B are blunt to each other, without being glued together at their ends. The slats B of a slat position 29 are connected to the slats B of each adjacent slat position 29 by gluing together. The butt joints of the slats B in one slat position 29 are offset from the butt joints of the slats B of the respective adjacent slat position 29. In this way, the blocks 28 are formed by the glued slats 29. Their width depends on the intended use of the block 28. The width of the blocks 28 always corresponds to the multiple thickness of the slat layers 29th
- the individual lamellae B can have slight errors, as in Fig. 10 can be seen by way of example for the slat position 29 shown on the right.
- the slats B of this slat position have the smaller wood defects in the form of branches 2 'and the cracks 5. These smaller wood defects do not interfere with the further processing of the block 28, since these smaller wood defects are fixedly connected via the gluing to the longitudinal side of the adjacent lamination layers 29. That's why it's enough to start with the production of the block 28, only to eliminate the gross wood defects, as based on the Fig. 1 to 5 has been explained.
- each center layer 30 has the same thickness d.
- the individual center layers 30 may also have different thicknesses d.
- the block 28 is sawn in its longitudinal direction perpendicular to its longitudinal sides, so that the flat central layer layers are formed with the thickness d.
- Such a middle layer 30 is exemplified in FIG Fig. 11 shown.
- RingMle errors no longer lead to serious disturbances. Ring peels are dry or felling cracks that are located in an annular spread along the annual rings within each board and are hardly or not at all recognized by the operators. These wood defects often lead to the breaking of the lamellae, so that the lamination layers are pushed one above the other in the glue press 26. These errors usually cause a complete emptying of the glueing press and thus inevitably longer disturbances.
- the separating cuts for the production of the middle layers 30 are then made when the glue in the blocks 28 has hardened.
- For separating separation saws are used, which separate the block 28 horizontally in the middle layers 30. Since the blocks 28 have a high homogeneity, the cutting width of the dicing saws can be optimized and material can be saved. The blocks 28 can thereby be optimally separated into the middle layers 30.
- Fig. 15 shows a yield scheme from practice.
- a log is optimally divided into the so-called Hauptware 41 and the Mauware 39, 40.
- the main product 41 has, for example, the dimensions of 38 mm to 220 mm.
- the by-products are formed by the so-called side boards, which have smaller dimensions than the main product.
- At least the outer side board 39 is thicker by the dimension Z, in the example 2 mm, than the conventional side boards, which have the thickness d '.
- the practitioner will even make the second side board 40 thicker than the conventional side boards in thickness d "."
- the gain by the amount Z will result in a larger square footage of center panel than in the conventional methods he gets paid the greater thickness of these boards, while the mid-ply manufacturer has the advantage that he can make more square meter base.
- Fig. 15 the annual rings are indicated in the side-goods 39, 40. After gluing this side fabric in the manner described to the blocks 28 and the separation into the middle layers 30 results in a middle layer with standing annual rings, as is apparent from Fig. 10 results.
- standing annual rings are an essential criterion for the quality of the plates. The behavior of such plates in all stress directions is best when there are annual rings within the plates.
- the thickness d ', d "of the side fabric 39, 40 it is readily possible to vary the thickness d ', d "of the side fabric 39, 40.
- the width of the side fabric 39, 40 can be easily varied and width of the side fabric 39, 40.
- Such commercial thicknesses of the side fabric 39, 40 are, for example, 17 mm, 23 mm, 27 mm, 38 mm and 48 mm. 40 are in the range between 75 mm and 160 mm. If the side boards are wider, they can be split at least once.
- the sawmill can thus in cooperation with the manufacturer of the middle layers 30 make an optimization of the plates to be produced in width and shape variable. In particular, he can manufacture and market intermediate sizes, for example side goods 39, 40 of 15 mm, 16 mm thickness and the like.
- the middle layers 30 are of course made not only from the side boards 39,40, but in particular from the main product 41.
- the reference to the side fabric 39, 40 shows that with the method described, the inferior fabric 39, 40 can be optimally utilized.
- the middle layers 30 or the solid wood panels can also be produced.
- the use of different dimensions in the side goods 39, 40 can be carried out in batches only in production in order to obtain sufficient quantities for larger productions. It is advantageous if the width of the side fabric 39, 40 held rather constant and for the thickness is varied. The conversion of a production line to a different thickness of the side fabric 39, 40 is possible in the described method easily and with little effort. Especially with the possibility of being able to deviate from the commercial dimensions for the side fabric 39, 40, the advantage described for the sawmill and the middle layer manufacturer results.
- the middle layers 30 to be produced can be made variable in thickness and width, depending on the dimensional requirements of the finished wood panel, which consists of the middle layer and the cover layers.
- the middle layer plates 30 are provided, for example, with different cover layers, for example, for blockboard with plywood cover layers or as a middle layer for three-layer plates with cover slats, etc. Therefore, the middle layers 30 are produced for different thicknesses.
- the middle layers 30 are conveyed via a transport device 31 (FIG. Fig. 12 ) transported transversely to its longitudinal direction.
- the middle layers 30 reach a Longitudinal transport device 32, on which the middle layers 30 are transported individually in the longitudinal direction in the direction of a gluing press 33.
- the middle layers 30 are applied with glue on one of its longitudinal sides.
- the middle layers 30 are transported in a known manner in the glue press 33 and there glued together with their long sides contiguous to large-sized center layers 34. In this way, by means of continuous bonding, middle layer blocks 34 of very different lengths can be manufactured.
- Fig. 13 shows a middle layer 30, in which the slat layers 29 according to the embodiment according to the Fig. 10 and 11 from with their front sides dull contiguous boards, which are glued together only on their long sides.
- the outer slat position 35 of the middle layer 30, however, consists of lamellae 36, which are glued together at their end faces in each case via a finger joint 37.
- the slats 36 are glued on their longitudinal sides with the adjacent slats of the adjacent slat position 29.
- the middle layer 30 on the outside can also have a continuous lamella, which is glued to the adjacent lamella layer 29.
- the finger-jointed lamellae 36 with the lamination layers 29 located between them, which consist of the butt-jointed lamellae, can be arranged in the pressure and tension zones of the middle layers 30.
- Such middle layers 30 are intended primarily for applications that are not exposed to statically relevant loads.
- middle layers can be used by way of example for door and prefabricated house bars, for window edges, for cross laminated timber elements and the like.
- the middle layers 30 can also be formed continuously from the slat layers 29 with the butt-closing slats, which are glued together only on their longitudinal sides.
- the middle layers 30 with the finger-jointed lamellae 36 on the outer sides and the lamellae lying therebetween, with their front sides lying flush against each other, can also be used for solid wood panels.
- the butt-jointed lamellae and the finger-jointed or also continuous lamellae 36 are combined on the two outer sides of the central ply 30.
- the appearance of a solid wood panel is achieved, although between the two outer slats 35, the butt-jointed slats are arranged without finger-jointing.
- Fig. 14 shows the block 38, from which, as shown by Fig. 10 has been explained by horizontal saw cuts the middle layers 30 according to Fig. 13 be sawed.
- the frontal pressing of the slats can be done both in a finger jointing line as well as by a suitable pressing device in the continuous glueing press 26, 33.
- the slats B are the buffer stations 22 to 24 removed in an intelligent manner so that these slats joined together form a slat position 29 of predetermined length.
- the slats B are not placed edgewise, but are with their long side on the conveyor 25 lying the Gluepress 26 fed.
- the slats B are brought into abutment with their front sides abutting within the slats position 29 and glued on their narrow longitudinal sides.
- the slat layers 29 are then joined together in a known manner to form a slat carpet whose thickness corresponds to the thickness of the slat position 29 or of the slats B.
- the slats can be fed so that the slat position 29 has the desired length. It is ensured by the intelligent feed that located within the slat position 29 end-side fins B are so long that they do not interfere with the further processing of the wood slab produced from the slat layers.
- the method has been explained in detail with reference to the production of a middle layer.
- the method generally produces blocks and plates, of which the mid-ply plates from the butt-struck lamellar strands are only one example.
- the method described results in a significantly better material yield than in the known methods.
- This advantage of the method described is essential and means to the user that he can produce more blocks and plates from the starting material.
- the described Advantage that results in the use of the inferior goods in the form of the side fabric 39, 40, for the user of the method also beneficial.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Holzplatten nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1. Ein solches Verfahren ist aus dem
Es ist bekannt, Lamellen an ihren Schmalseiten zu beleimen und in einer Verleimpresse zu einem Lamellenteppich zu verpressen. Je nach Breite des Lamellenteppichs sind entsprechend lange Lamellen erforderlich.It is known to glue lamellae on their narrow sides and to press them into a lamella carpet in an adhesive press. Depending on the width of the lamellar carpet, correspondingly long fins are required.
Es sind auch Holzplatten und Mittellagen bekannt, die aus kurzen Lamellen zusammengesetzt werden. Bei einem bekannten Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Mittellage (
Bei einem anderen bekannten Verfahren (
Mittellagen können aus geschnittenen Stäbchen gebildet werden, die seitlich aneinandergelegt miteinander verbunden werden. So werden bei der Mittellage gemäß der
Es ist weiter bekannt (
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das gattungsgemäße Verfahren so auszubilden, dass mit ihm Holzplatten in kostengünstiger und einfacher Weise zuverlässig hergestellt werden können.The invention has the object of providing the generic method in such a way that with him wood panels can be reliably produced in a cost effective and simple manner.
Diese Aufgabe wird beim gattungsgemäßen Verfahren erfindungsgemäß mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 gelöst.This object is achieved in the generic method according to the invention with the characterizing features of
Beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren werden Lamellen so hintereinandergesetzt, dass sich längere Lamellenlagen ergeben. Es können somit kurze Lamellen verwendet werden, die zu den längeren Lamellenlagen zusammengefügt werden. Die kurzen Lamellen werden durch eine intelligente Steuerung so zugeführt und zusammengefügt, dass die innerhalb der Lamellenlage an den Enden befindlichen kurzen Lamellen so lang sind, dass sie bei der weiteren Bearbeitung der aus den Lamellenlagen hergestellten Platte nicht stören. Für die Holzplatte können somit auch kurze Lamellen eingesetzt werden, was den Vorteil hat, dass die Rohware, aus deren diese Lamellen hergestellt werden, optimal genutzt werden kann, so dass der Holzabfall gering ist.In the method according to the invention, lamellae are placed one behind the other in such a way that longer lamellar layers result. It can thus be used short slats, which are joined together to form the longer slats. The short slats are fed and put together by an intelligent control system so that the inside of the Slat position at the ends located short slats are so long that they do not interfere with the further processing of the plate produced from the slat layers. For the wooden plate thus short slats can be used, which has the advantage that the raw material from which these slats are made, can be used optimally, so that the wood waste is low.
Die Lamellenlagen können mit ihren schmalen Längsseiten aneinander geleimt werden, um die Holzplatte zu bilden, deren Dicke der Dicke der Lamellenlagen entspricht.The slat layers can be glued together with their narrow longitudinal sides together to form the wooden plate whose thickness corresponds to the thickness of the slat layers.
Bei einer anderen Ausführungsform werden die Lamellenlagen mit ihren beleimten Längsseiten aneinanderliegend zu einem Block verpresst. Aus dem Block werden als Holzplatten Mittellagen gesägt.In another embodiment, the slat layers are pressed together with their glued longitudinal sides adjacent to a block. From the block are cut as wood panels middle layers.
Die Lamellenlagen, welche die Blöcke bilden, werden jeweils aus hintereinander liegenden Lamellen gebildet, die in ihrer Längsrichtung hintereinander transportiert und mit ihren Stirnseiten stumpf aneinanderstoßend zur Anlage gebracht werden. An ihren Stirnseiten sind die Lamellen innerhalb einer Lamellenlage nicht fest miteinander verbunden. Innerhalb des Blockes sind die Lamellen der einen Lamellenlage mit den Lamellen der benachbarten Lamellenlage miteinander verbunden. Da die Lamellen benachbarter Lamellenlagen miteinander verleimt sind, können die Lamellen kleinere Holzfehler, wie Äste, Risse und dergleichen, aufweisen, ohne dass diese beim späteren Verfahrensablauf zu Problemen führen. Durch die Verleimung benachbarter Lamellen werden diese Holzfehler innerhalb des durch die Lamellen gebildeten Blocks fixiert, so dass beim Auftrennen der Blöcke in die Mittellage weder Äste herausfallen noch durch Risse Schäden oder Störungen in der Presse entstehen können. Aufgrund des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist es darum auch nicht mehr erforderlich, die Rohware, aus denen die Lamellen hergestellt werden, von möglichst vielen Fehlern zu befreien. Es reicht aus, wenn nur die groben Holzfehler an der Rohware ausgekappt werden. Dadurch kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren nicht nur kostengünstig, sondern auch sehr einfach und problemlos durchgeführt werden. Da nur grobe Holzfehler entfernt werden müssen, ist der Personalaufwand hierfür nur gering.The slats, which form the blocks are each formed of successive slats, which are transported one behind the other in their longitudinal direction and brought with their front sides butt abutting the system. At their end faces, the slats are not firmly connected within a slat position. Within the block, the slats of a slat position with the slats of the adjacent slat position are interconnected. Since the lamellae of adjacent lamellar layers are glued together, the lamellae can have smaller wood defects, such as branches, cracks and the like, without these leading to problems in the subsequent procedure. By gluing adjacent slats these wood defects are fixed within the block formed by the lamellae, so that when branches cut into the middle position neither branches fall out nor caused by cracks damage or interference in the press. Because of the method according to the invention, therefore, it is no longer necessary to free the raw material from which the lamellae are made from as many defects as possible. It is sufficient if only the gross wood defects on the raw material are capped. As a result, the method according to the invention is not only cost-effective, but also be done very easily and easily. Since only rough wood defects must be removed, the personnel costs for this is only small.
Erfindungsgemäß werden für die Lamellen unterschiedlicher Länge Pufferstationen vorgesehen, denen die Lamellen zur Bildung der jeweiligen Lamellenlage entnommen werden. Die Länge der Lamellen lässt sich mit entsprechenden Messvorrichtungen sehr einfach bestimmen. Es ist dann einfach möglich, je nach geforderter Breite der herzustellenden Mittellage die entsprechenden Lamellen den Pufferstationen zu entnehmen und zur jeweiligen Lamellenlage zusammenzusetzen. Die Lamellen müssen darum nicht alle die gleiche Länge haben, sondern können unterschiedlich lang sein. Es werden die entsprechenden Lamellen den Pufferstationen entnommen und so zusammengestellt, dass die gewünschte Länge der Lamellenlage erreicht wird. Im Idealfall können die Lamellen so zusammengestellt werden, dass die aus ihnen gebildete Lamellenlage die Breite der herzustellenden Mittellage hat.According to the invention, buffer stations are provided for the slats of different lengths, from which the slats are taken to form the respective slat position. The length of the slats can be very easily determined with appropriate measuring devices. It is then easily possible, depending on the required width of the center layer to be produced, to remove the corresponding slats from the buffer stations and to assemble them into the respective slat position. The slats therefore do not all have the same length but can be of different lengths. The corresponding slats are removed from the buffer stations and assembled so that the desired length of the slat position is achieved. Ideally, the slats can be assembled so that the slat position formed from them has the width of the center layer to be produced.
Erfindungsgemäß wird allerdings die Gesamtlänge der innerhalb der Lamellenlage zusammengestellten Lamellen größer sein als die geforderte Breite der Mittellage. In diesem Falle wird die letzte Lamelle in dem Maße abgetrennt, dass die verbleibenden Lamellen die Lamellenlage in der geforderten Länge ergeben.According to the invention, however, the total length of the assembled within the slats position slats will be greater than the required width of the middle layer. In this case, the last slat is separated to the extent that the remaining slats result in the slat position in the required length.
Erfindungsgemäß ist wenn diese letzte Lamelle so lang, dass das nach dem Abtrennen verbleibende Reststück als erste Lamelle der nächsten herzustellenden Lamellenlage eingesetzt werden kann. In diesem Falle tritt kein Abfallstück auf, das nicht für die Herstellung der Mittellage verwendet werden könnte.According to the invention, if this last lamella is so long that the remainder piece remaining after the separation can be used as the first lamella of the next lamellar layer to be produced. In this case, no waste piece occurs which could not be used for the production of the middle layer.
Da die Lamellen mit ihren Längsseiten aneinanderliegend verleimt werden, reicht es aus, wenn zur Herstellung der Lamelle nur grobe Holzfehler an der Rohware entfernt werden. Kleinere Holzfehler werden durch die Verleimung innerhalb des durch mehrere Lamellenlagen gebildeten Blockes fixiert und stören dadurch bei der weiteren Bearbeitung dieses Blockes nicht.Since the slats are glued together with their long sides, it is sufficient if only rough wood defects are removed on the raw material for the production of the slat. Smaller wood defects are caused by the gluing fixed within the block formed by several slat layers and thus do not interfere with the further processing of this block.
Die Lamellen werden vorteilhaft hochkant gestellt, so dass sie sehr einfach mit ihren Längsseiten aneinanderliegend miteinander verleimt werden können.The slats are advantageously placed edgewise, so that they can be easily glued together with their long sides together.
Da die Lamellen innerhalb der Lamellenlage an ihren Stirnseiten lediglich stumpf aneinanderliegen, jedoch mit diesen Stirnseiten nicht miteinander verbunden, beispielsweise verleimt sind, reicht es aus, wenn nur die Längsseite der Lamelle beleimt wird.Since the lamellae abut each other only bluntly within the lamellar layer on their end faces, but not connected to one another with these end faces, for example glued, it is sufficient if only the longitudinal side of the lamella is glued.
Die Lamellen gelangen nach ihrer Beleimung in eine Verleimpresse, in der sie mit ihren beleimten Längsseiten aneinanderliegend zu Platten oder den Blöcken verpresst werden. Aufgrund der Verpressung ergibt sich eine feste Verbindung der einzelnen Lamellenlagen innerhalb des Blocks, der dadurch problemlos weiterbearbeitet werden kann.After being glued, the lamellae pass into a gluing press in which they are pressed against one another with their glued longitudinal sides to form slabs or the blocks. Due to the compression results in a firm connection of the individual slat layers within the block, which can be further processed easily.
Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn die Lamellen vor dem Beleimen an ihren Enden gesägt werden, insbesondere mittels Präzisionssägen. Dadurch können die Stirnseiten der Lamellen sehr exakt hergestellt werden, so dass die Lamellen innerhalb der jeweiligen Lamellenlage einwandfrei mit ihren Stirnseiten stoßend aneinanderliegen. Die Weiterverarbeitung der aus den Lamellenlagen gebildeten Blöcke bereitet dann keine Probleme.It is advantageous if the slats are sawn at their ends before gluing, in particular by means of precision sawing. As a result, the end faces of the slats can be made very accurately, so that the slats within the respective slats position abutting properly abutting with their faces. The further processing of the blocks formed from the slats then prepares no problems.
Wenn die Lamellenlagen zum Block verpresst worden sind, wird er quer zu den Leimfugen in die Mittellagen gesägt.When the lamellae have been pressed into the block, it is sawn across the glue joints in the middle layers.
Es ist vorteilhaft, die Mittellagen zu größeren Mittellagenplatten zu verpressen. Die aus den Blöcken gesägten Mittellagen werden dann an ihren jeweiligen Längsseiten beleimt und in einer Verleimpresse gegeneinander verpresst, so dass über die Klebeverbindung größere, stabile Mittellagenplatten gebildet werden können.It is advantageous to press the middle layers to larger center plate plates. The sawn from the blocks center layers are then glued on their respective sides and pressed together in a glue press against each other, so that on the adhesive connection larger, stable middle layer plates can be formed.
Bei einer vorteilhaften Ausbildung ist es möglich, die beiden Außenseiten der Mittellage oder der Mittellagenplatte mit Lamellen zu versehen, die sich über die ganze Breite der Mittellage(nplatte) erstrecken. Dadurch ist zumindest von den Außenseiten aus nicht erkennbar, dass der mittlere Bereich einer solchen Platte aus weniger hochqualitativen Lamellen besteht.In an advantageous embodiment, it is possible to provide the two outer sides of the middle layer or the middle layer plate with lamellae, which extend over the entire width of the middle layer (nplatte). As a result, it is at least not apparent from the outer sides that the middle region of such a plate consists of less high-quality lamellae.
Anstelle einer durchgehenden Lamelle an den Außenseiten können auch einzelne Lamellen verwendet werden, die stirnseitig jeweils über eine Keilzinkenverbindung miteinander verbunden sind. Zwischen diesen durch eine Keilzinkenverbindung miteinander verbundenen Außenlamellen befinden sich die stumpf gestoßenen Lamellen, die stirnseitig nur aneinander liegen, jedoch nicht miteinander beispielsweise über eine Klebeverbindung verbunden sind. Die keilverzinkten Lamellen oder auch die durchgehende Lamelle werden vorteilhaft in den Druck- und Zugzonen der Mittellage verwendet, um in diesen kritischen Bereichen hoch- bzw. höherwertige Lamellen zu haben.Instead of a continuous lamella on the outer sides and individual lamellae can be used, which are each connected to each other via a finger joint connection. Between these interconnected by a finger joint connection outer plates are the butted plates, which are frontally only to each other, but not connected to each other, for example, via an adhesive connection. The wedge-galvanized lamellae or the continuous lamella are advantageously used in the pressure and tension zones of the middle layer in order to have high-quality or higher-value lamellae in these critical regions.
Infolge der erfindungsgemäßen Ausbildung kann in einem Sägewerk die Ausbeute im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Verfahren erhöht werden. Aufgrund der beschriebenen Blockverleimung können wesentlich mehr Holzfehler toleriert werden, was zur Erhöhung der Ausbeute beiträgt. Der Rohstoff Holz kann dadurch ressourcenschonend optimal genutzt werden.As a result of the construction according to the invention, the yield can be increased in a sawmill compared to conventional methods. Due to the block bonding described much more wood defects can be tolerated, which contributes to increasing the yield. The raw material wood can thus be optimally utilized in a resource-saving manner.
Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den weiteren Ansprüchen, der Beschreibung und den Zeichnungen.Further features of the invention will become apparent from the other claims, the description and the drawings.
Die Erfindung wird anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert. Es zeigen
- Fig. 1
- in schematischer Darstellung eine Draufsicht auf eine unbesäumte B rettwa re,
- Fig. 2
- Zuschnitte aus der Brettware gemäß
Fig. 1 , - Fig. 3
- im Querschnitt gekrümmte Zuschnitte der Brettware,
- Fig. 4
- in schematischer Darstellung die am Zuschnitt gemäß
Fig. 3 vor- zunehmenden Hobelabnahmen, - Fig. 5
- in schematischer Darstellung eine Draufsicht auf eine Brettware mit Fehlern und die Angabe der Schnitte zum Entfernen dieser Fehler,
- Fig. 6
- Pufferstücke von gekappten Brettwaren mit kurzen Längen,
- Fig. 7
- in einer Darstellung entsprechend
Fig. 6 Pufferstücke für größere Längen, - Fig. 8
- in Draufsicht und in schematischer Darstellung eine Sägestation einer Anlage mit zwei Sägen,
- Fig. 9
- in schematischer Darstellung eine Draufsicht auf eine Anlage zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,
- Fig. 10
- in perspektivischer Darstellung einen aus den Zuschnitten herge- stellten Block, der in Mittellagen aufgetrennt wird,
- Fig. 11
- in perspektivischer Darstellung eine aus dem Block gemäß
Fig. 10 herausgetrennte Mittellage, - Fig. 12
- in Draufsicht einen Teil der Anlage, in dem Mittellagen zu großfor- matigen Mittellagen verleimt werden,
- Fig. 13
- in perspektivischer Darstellung einen Teil einer Mittellage,
- Fig. 14
- in perspektivischer Darstellung einen Teil eines Blockes, aus dem die Mittellagen gemäß
Fig. 13 herausgesägt werden, - Fig. 15
- in einem Schema die Ausbeute an Haupt- und Nebenware aus ei- nem Stamm.
- Fig. 1
- in a schematic representation of a plan view of an unedged B rettwa re,
- Fig. 2
- Blanks from the board according to
Fig. 1 . - Fig. 3
- in cross-section curved blanks of the board,
- Fig. 4
- in a schematic representation of the blank according to
Fig. 3 progressive slices, - Fig. 5
- a schematic view of a board with errors and the sections to remove these errors,
- Fig. 6
- Buffer pieces of capped board products with short lengths,
- Fig. 7
- in a representation accordingly
Fig. 6 Buffer pieces for longer lengths, - Fig. 8
- in plan view and in a schematic representation of a sawing station a plant with two saws,
- Fig. 9
- a schematic representation of a plan view of a plant for carrying out the method according to the invention,
- Fig. 10
- in a perspective view a block produced from the blanks, which is separated in middle layers,
- Fig. 11
- in perspective one from the block according to
Fig. 10 separated middle layer, - Fig. 12
- in plan view, a part of the plant in which middle layers are glued to large-format middle layers,
- Fig. 13
- in a perspective view a part of a middle layer,
- Fig. 14
- in perspective view a part of a block from which the middle layers according to
Fig. 13 be sawn out, - Fig. 15
- in a diagram, the yield of main and by-product from a strain.
Mit dem im Folgenden beschriebenen Verfahren und der Anlage werden einzelne Holzlamellen, die stirnseitig ohne Leimschicht stumpf aneinandergereiht liegen, zu Blöcken verleimt. Nach dem Verleimen werden die Blöcke durch geeignetes Auftrennen in Mittellagen aufgeteilt.With the method and the system described below, individual wooden lamellas, which are lined up without a glue layer on the front side, are glued to form blocks. After gluing, the blocks are divided into middle layers by suitable separation.
Aus der Brettware 1 werden bei dem im Folgenden beschriebenen Verfahren nur grobe Holzfehler ausgekappt. Beim beispielhaft dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel in
Die Brettware 1 ist beispielhaft Teil eines Stammes und hat sogenannte Waldkanten 8 und 9, die durch entsprechende Sägeschnitte entfernt werden.The
Die Brettware 1 ist häufig über ihre Breite gekrümmt ausgebildet, wie beispielhaft
Die Anlage zur Herstellung der Mittellagen weist Pufferstationen auf, in die unterschiedliche Holzlängen eingegeben werden.
Damit die Anlage nicht eine zu große Zahl an Pufferstationen aufweist, sind diese Pufferstationen so ausgebildet, dass in ihnen Lamellen eines jeweiligen Längenbereiches gepuffert werden können. So kann die eine Pufferstation beispielsweise Lamellen in einem Längenbereich von beispielsweise etwa 200 bis 800 mm und eine andere Pufferstation Lamellen in einem Längenbereich von beispielsweise etwa 800 bis 2.000 mm aufnehmen.So that the system does not have too large a number of buffer stations, these buffer stations are designed so that lamellae of a respective length range can be buffered in them. For example, the one buffer station can accommodate fins in a length range of, for example, about 200 to 800 mm and another buffer station fins in a length range of, for example, about 800 to 2,000 mm.
Auf diese Weise werden beide Enden der Lamellen B nacheinander durch die beiden Sägeeinheiten 19, 20 gesägt. Je nach ihrer Länge werden die Lamellen B dann den Pufferstationen 22 bis 24 zugeführt (
Spätestens bei der Übergabe der Lamellen von der Sägestation 18 an die Pufferstationen 22 bis 24 werden die Lamellen B um 90° um ihre Längsachse gedreht, so dass sie in den Pufferstationen hochkant angeordnet sind. Die Lamellen liegen somit mit ihren schmalen Längsseiten auf der entsprechenden Auflage der Pufferstationen 22 bis 24 auf.At the latest during the transfer of the slats from the sawing
Die Lamellen B werden anschließend mit ihren Längsseiten aneinanderliegend miteinander verleimt und verpresst. Zu diesem Zweck werden die Lamellen den verschiedenen Pufferstationen 22 bis 24 entnommen und einer Transporteinrichtung 25 zugeführt. Auf ihr werden die Lamellen einzeln hintereinander hochkant einer Verleimpresse 26 zugeführt. Bei ihrem Transport von den Pufferstationen 22 bis 24 zur Verleimpresse 26 werden die Lamellen an einer Längsseite in einer (nicht dargestellten) Beleimstation beleimt. Zwischen den Pufferstationen 22 bis 24 und der Verleimpresse 26 befindet sich eine Längenmessstation 27, mit der die Länge jeder zugeführten Lamelle erfasst wird. Die Messergebnisse werden einer Steuerung zugeführt. Die Lamellen liegen mit ihren Stirnseiten lose aneinander und bilden eine Lamellenlage. Mehrere solcher Lamellen liegen mit ihren beleimten Längsseiten aneinander und bilden in der Verleimpresse 26 den herzustellenden Block 28. Damit die einzelnen Lamellenlagen 29 die gleiche Länge und damit der Block 28 eine konstante Breite hat, wird mit der Steuerung die Länge der jeweiligen Lamellenlage 29 beim stirnseitigen Aneinandersetzen der Bretter erfasst. Im Idealfall haben die innerhalb einer Lamellenlage 29 mit ihren Stirnseiten stumpf und lose aneinanderliegenden Lamellen eine der Breite des Blockes 28 entsprechende Breite. Dann ist kein Sägeschnitt erforderlich. Im Regelfall hat die aus den Lamellen gebildete Lamellenlage eine Länge, die größer ist als die erforderliche Breite des herzustellenden Blockes 28. Dann wird mit einer (nicht dargestellten) Sägeeinheit am Eintritt in die Verleimpresse 26 die in Transportrichtung hinterste Lamelle entsprechend abgetrennt. Das auf der Transporteinrichtung nach diesem Sägevorgang verbleibende Reststück der Lamelle bildet dann die erste Lamelle der nachfolgend zu bildenden Lamellenlage 29.The slats B are then glued together with their long sides together and pressed. For this purpose, the lamellae are removed from the
Die Lamellen B werden den Pufferstationen 22 bis 24 so entnommen, dass mit den hintereinander liegenden Lamellen möglichst die Breite des herzustellenden Blockes 28 erreicht wird bzw. nur ein geringer Abfall auftritt. Dabei sollte dieses Abfallstück noch so lang sein, dass das abgetrennte Lamellenstück die erste Lamelle der nachfolgend herzustellenden Lamellenlage bilden kann. Mit Hilfe der Steuerung 27, welche die Länge der auf der Transporteinrichtung 25 zugeführten Lamellen erfasst, ist dies einfach und zuverlässig möglich.The fins B are removed from the
Nachdem die jeweilige Lamellenlage 29 am Eintritt in die Verleimpresse 26 hergestellt ist, wird diese um die Dicke der Lamellenlage quer zu ihrer Längsrichtung in die Verleimpresse 26 gefördert und dann die nächste Lamellenlage aus den einzelnen Lamellen B zusammengestellt.After the
In der Verleimpresse 26 werden die Lamellen in bekannter Weise mit ihren beleimten Längsseiten aneinanderliegend unter Pressdruck miteinander verleimt, wodurch der Block 28 gebildet wird.In the
Da die Lamellenlagen 29 an ihren Längsseiten miteinander verleimt sind, können die einzelnen Lamellen B leichtere Fehler aufweisen, wie dies in
Der Block 28 wird nach dem Verlassen der Verleimpresse 26 in Mittellagen 30 aufgetrennt. In
Auch Ringschäle-Fehler führen nicht mehr zu gravierenden Störungen. Ringschäle sind Trocken- oder Fällrisse, die in ringförmiger Ausbreitung entlang der Jahresringe innerhalb des jeweiligen Brettes liegen und von den Bedienern kaum oder gar nicht erkannt werden. Diese Holzfehler führen häufig zum Brechen der Lamellen, so dass die Lamellenlagen in der Verleimpresse 26 übereinander geschoben werden. Diese Fehler bedingen in der Regel ein komplettes Leerfahren der Verleimpresse und damit zwangsläufig längere Störungen.Also Ringschäle errors no longer lead to serious disturbances. Ring peels are dry or felling cracks that are located in an annular spread along the annual rings within each board and are hardly or not at all recognized by the operators. These wood defects often lead to the breaking of the lamellae, so that the lamination layers are pushed one above the other in the
Die Trennschnitte zur Herstellung der Mittellagen 30 werden dann vorgenommen, wenn der Leim in den Blöcken 28 ausgehärtet ist. Zum Auftrennen werden Trennsägen eingesetzt, die den Block 28 horizontal in die Mittellagen 30 auftrennen. Da die Blöcke 28 eine hohe Homogenität aufweisen, kann die Schnittbreite der Trennsägen optimiert und Material eingespart werden. Die Blöcke 28 lassen sich dadurch optimal in die Mittellagen 30 auftrennen.The separating cuts for the production of the
Anhand von
Der Einsatz der Seitenware 39, 40 bringt noch einen weiteren Vorteil. In
Somit ist es bei dem beschriebenen Verfahren und bei der Anlage ohne weiteres möglich, die Dicke d', d" der Seitenware 39, 40 zu variieren. Auch die Breite der Seitenware 39, 40 kann problemlos variiert werden. Daher kann in der Produktion jegliche Dicke und Breite der Seitenware 39, 40 eingesetzt werden. Auf handelsübliche Maße muss keine Rücksicht genommen werden. Solche handelsüblichen Dicken der Seitenware 39, 40 sind beispielsweise 17 mm, 23 mm, 27 mm, 38 mm und 48 mm. Handelsübliche Breiten der Seitenware 39, 40 liegen im Bereich zwischen 75 mm und 160 mm. Sind die Seitenbretter breiter, können sie wenigstens einmal geteilt werden. Der Sägewerker kann somit in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Hersteller der Mittellagen 30 eine Optimierung der herzustellenden Platten in Breite und Form variabel gestalten. Insbesondere kann er Zwischenmaße herstellen und vermarkten, beispielsweise Seitenware 39, 40 von 15 mm, 16 mm Dicke und dergleichen.Thus, in the described method and equipment, it is readily possible to vary the thickness d ', d "of the
Die Mittellagen 30 werden selbstverständlich nicht nur aus den Seitenbrettern 39,40 hergestellt, sondern insbesondere aus der Hauptware 41. Der Hinweis auf die Seitenware 39, 40 zeigt jedoch, dass mit dem beschriebenen Verfahren auch die minderwertige Ware 39, 40 optimal ausgenutzt werden kann. Mit der Hauptware 41 können ebenfalls die Mittellagen 30 oder die Massivholzplatten hergestellt werden.The middle layers 30 are of course made not only from the
Der Einsatz von abweichenden Maßen in den Seitenwaren 39, 40 kann in der Produktion nur chargenweise erfolgen, um ausreichende Mengen für größere Produktionen zu erhalten. Dabei ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Breite der Seitenware 39, 40 eher konstant gehalten und dafür die Dicke variiert wird. Die Umstellung einer Produktionslinie auf eine andere Dicke der Seitenware 39, 40 ist beim beschriebenen Verfahren problemlos und mit wenig Aufwand möglich. Gerade mit der Möglichkeit, von den handelsüblichen Maßen für die Seitenware 39, 40 abweichen zu können, ergibt sich der beschriebene Vorteil für den Sägewerker und den Mittellagenhersteller. Die herzustellenden Mittellagen 30 können in Dicke und Breite variabel hergestellt werden, je nach den Dimensionsanforderungen der fertigen Holzplatte, die aus der Mittellage und den Decklagen besteht. Die Mittellagenplatten 30 werden beispielsweise mit unterschiedlichen Deckschichten versehen, beispielsweise für Tischlerplatten mit Sperrholz-Deckschichten oder als Mittellage für Dreischichtplatten mit Decklamellen usw.. Darum werden die Mittellagen 30 für unterschiedlichste Dicken produziert.The use of different dimensions in the
Die Mittellagen 30 werden über eine Transportvorrichtung 31 (
Die keilgezinkten Lamellen 36 mit den zwischen ihnen befindlichen Lamellenlagen 29, die aus den stumpf aneinanderliegenden Lamellen bestehen, können in den Druck- und Zugzonen der Mittellagen 30 angeordnet sein. Solche Mittellagen 30 sind in erster Linie für Anwendungen vorgesehen, die keinen statisch relevanten Belastungen ausgesetzt sind.The finger-jointed
Solche Mittellagen können beispielhaft für Tür- und Fertighausriegel, für Fensterkanten, für Brettsperrholzelemente und dergleichen eingesetzt werden. Für diese beispielhaft beschriebenen Anwendungsfällen können die Mittellagen 30 aber auch durchgehend aus den Lamellenlagen 29 mit den stumpf aneinander schließenden Lamellen gebildet sein, die lediglich an ihren Längsseiten miteinander verleimt sind.Such middle layers can be used by way of example for door and prefabricated house bars, for window edges, for cross laminated timber elements and the like. For these applications described by way of example, however, the
Die Mittellagen 30 mit den keilgezinkten Lamellen 36 an den Außenseiten und den zwischen ihnen liegenden, mit ihren Stirnseiten stumpf aneinanderliegenden Lamellen können auch für Massivholzplatten verwendet werden. Durch eine geeignete Zuführung der Lamellen in Abhängigkeit von Lamellen- und Plattenbreite werden die stumpf gestoßenen Lamellen und die keilgezinkten oder auch durchgehenden Lamellen 36 an den beiden Außenseiten der Mittellage 30 miteinander kombiniert. Durch eine solche kombinierte Anwendung wird das Aussehen einer Massivholzplatte erreicht, obwohl zwischen den beiden äußeren Lamellenlagen 35 die stumpf gestoßenen Lamellen ohne Keilverzinkung angeordnet sind. Zur Erzielung des Charakters der Massivholzplatte ist es in diesen Fällen jedoch vorteilhaft, wenn die stumpf gestoßenen Lamellen der Lamellenlagen 29 stirnseitig miteinander verleimt sind.The middle layers 30 with the finger-jointed
Damit die Lamellen bzw. Bretter innerhalb der Mittellage mit ihren Stirnseiten einwandfrei stumpf aneinanderliegen, werden als Sägeeinheiten 19, 20 (
Bei den beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen ist es vorteilhaft, zur direkten Zuführung von fixen Längen von Lamellen eine gesonderte Zuführung vorzusehen. Dadurch ist es möglich, durch geeignetes Eintakten in die Verleimpresse 26, 33 durchgehende Lamellen im Wechsel mit stumpf gestoßenen Lamellen zu kombinieren, um beispielsweise Mittellagen entsprechend
Bei einem anderen Ausführungsbeispiel werden die Lamellen B den Pufferstationen 22 bis 24 in intelligenter Weise so entnommen, dass diese Lamellen aneinandergefügt eine Lamellenlage 29 vorgegebener Länge bilden. Im Unterschied zur vorigen Ausführungsform werden die Lamellen B nicht hochkant gestellt, sondern werden mit ihrer Längsseite auf der Transporteinrichtung 25 liegend der Verleimpresse 26 zugeführt. Die Lamellen B werden mit ihren Stirnseiten stumpf aneinanderstoßend innerhalb der Lamellenlage 29 zur Anlage gebracht und an ihren schmalen Längsseiten beleimt. In der Verleimpresse 26 werden dann die Lamellenlagen 29 in bekannter Weise zu einem Lamellenteppich zusammengefügt, dessen Dicke der Dicke der Lamellenlage 29 bzw. der Lamellen B entspricht. Aufgrund der Pufferstationen 22 bis 24, in denen unterschiedlich lange Lamellen B gespeichert werden, können die Lamellen so zugeführt werden, dass die Lamellenlage 29 die gewünschte Länge hat. Dabei wird durch die intelligente Zuführung sichergestellt, dass die innerhalb der Lamellenlage 29 befindlichen endseitigen Lamellen B so lang sind, dass sie bei der weiteren Bearbeitung der aus den Lamellenlagen hergestellten Holzplatte nicht stören.In another embodiment, the slats B are the
Das Verfahren ist im Wesentlichen anhand der Herstellung einer Mittellage im Einzelnen erläutert worden. Mit dem Verfahren werden jedoch allgemein Blöcke und Platten hergestellt, von denen die Mittellagenplatten aus den stumpf gestoßenen Lamellensträngen nur ein Beispiel sind. Durch das beschriebene Verfahren ergibt sich eine wesentlich bessere Materialausbeute als bei den bekannten Verfahren. Dieser Vorteil des beschriebenen Verfahrens ist wesentlich und bedeutet für den Anwender, dass er mehr Blöcke und Platten aus dem Ausgangsmaterial herstellen kann. Der beschriebene Vorteil, der sich bei der Verwendung der minderwertigen Ware in Form der Seitenware 39, 40 ergibt, ist für den Anwender des Verfahrens auch von Vorteil.The method has been explained in detail with reference to the production of a middle layer. However, the method generally produces blocks and plates, of which the mid-ply plates from the butt-struck lamellar strands are only one example. The method described results in a significantly better material yield than in the known methods. This advantage of the method described is essential and means to the user that he can produce more blocks and plates from the starting material. The described Advantage that results in the use of the inferior goods in the form of the
Claims (12)
- A method for manufacturing wooden panels, in which planks (1) are divided into lamellae (B), which are placed one after the other to form longer lamellae layers (29) in such a way that the total length of the lamellae corresponds to at least the length of the lamellae layers (29) to be fabricated, wherein the adjacent longitudinal sides of the lamellae layers (29) are glued to the wooden panel,
characterized in that the lamellae (B) of varying length are provided with buffer stations (22 to 24), from which the lamellae (B) are taken to form the lamellae layers (29), that the lamellae (B) are intelligently joined together in such a way that the end lamellae (B) within the lamellae layer (29) are long enough not to be disruptive while further processing the wooden panels, and that the last, excessively long lamella (B) lying inside the lamellae layer (29) is detached in such a way that the lamellae layer (29) has the desired length, wherein the length of the last lamella (B) within the lamellae layer (29) is selected in such a way that, after detaching the excess length of this lamella (B), the residual piece of the lamella (B) can form the first lamella of the next lamellae layer (29) to be fabricated. - The method according to claim 1,
characterized in that the narrow longitudinal sides of the lamellae layers (29) are glued to each other. - The method according to claim 1,
characterized in that the adjacent glued, wider longitudinal sides of the lamellae layers (29) are compressed into a block (28), from which central layers (30) are advantageously sawed. - The method according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that the faces of the lamellae (B) within the lamellae layer (29) are made to bluntly abut each other. - The method according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that only coarse wood defects (2) are removed from the raw material (1) for fabricating the lamella (B). - The method according to one of claims 1 and 3 to 5,
characterized in that the lamellae (B) are placed on edge. - The method according to one of claims 1 and 3 to 6,
characterized in that the lamellae (B) are glued on a longitudinal side. - The method according to one of claims 1 to 7,
characterized in that the ends of the lamellae (B) are sawed prior to gluing. - The method according to claim 3 and potentially one of claims 4 to 8,
characterized in that the blocks (28) are sawed transverse to the glued joints into lamellae layers or middle layers (30). - The method according to claim 3 and potentially one of claims 4 to 9,
characterized in that the middle layers (30) are compressed into larger panels or middle layer panels (34). - The method according to claim 3 and potentially one of claims 4 to 10,
characterized in that the two exterior sides of the middle layers (30) are provided with lamellae (36), which extend over the entire width of the middle layer (30). - The method according to claim 3 and potentially one of claims 4 to 11,
characterized in that the two exterior sides of the middle layer (30) are provided with lamellae (36), whose faces are bonded together via finger jointing (37).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SI201030382T SI2251168T1 (en) | 2009-05-13 | 2010-05-05 | Method for manufacturing wooden boards |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102009022335A DE102009022335A1 (en) | 2009-05-13 | 2009-05-13 | Process for the production of wood panels |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2251168A1 EP2251168A1 (en) | 2010-11-17 |
EP2251168B1 true EP2251168B1 (en) | 2013-07-17 |
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ID=42556905
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP10004735.6A Active EP2251168B1 (en) | 2009-05-13 | 2010-05-05 | Method for manufacturing wooden boards |
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EP (1) | EP2251168B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102009022335A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK2251168T3 (en) |
SI (1) | SI2251168T1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102019125608A1 (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-03-25 | PaTim UG (haftungsbeschränkt) | Process for the production of a wooden construction element and a wooden construction element |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102015100033A1 (en) * | 2015-01-05 | 2016-07-07 | Ralf Pollmeier | Process for the production of laminated veneer lumber |
DE102015000495A1 (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2016-07-14 | GreCon Dimter Holzoptimierung Süd GmbH & Co. KG | Process for the production of boards and / or blocks of wood |
EP3127669A1 (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2017-02-08 | Binderholz International AG | Method for manufacturing wooden components |
AT518249B1 (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2017-09-15 | Fill Gmbh | Method and device for producing glulam |
AT518387B1 (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2017-10-15 | Fill Gmbh | Method and device for producing lamellae layers of lamellas arranged one behind the other |
DE102020127141A1 (en) | 2020-10-15 | 2022-04-21 | Homag Gmbh | Process for manufacturing elongated workpieces and manufacturing equipment |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE472147C (en) | 1929-02-28 | Carl Weber | Plywood board | |
GB421979A (en) * | 1933-06-29 | 1934-12-31 | Klinger Johann | Process for the manufacture of laminated joinery members |
DE643621C (en) | 1934-06-19 | 1937-04-13 | Siempelkamp Gmbh & Co | Device for the uninterrupted production of middle layers of plywood panels formed from veneer strips that are perpendicular to the top layers and glued together |
DE2135006C3 (en) | 1968-02-12 | 1975-07-03 | 8170 Bad Toelz | Device for making a sheet of plywood |
DE3217063C2 (en) * | 1982-05-06 | 1984-04-19 | Blomberger Holzindustrie B. Hausmann GmbH & Co KG, 4933 Blomberg | Method for producing a veneer sheet |
DE8514529U1 (en) | 1985-05-14 | 1985-08-08 | Jörg Torwegge GmbH, 4972 Löhne | Middle layer gluing machine |
FI951361A (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 1996-09-23 | Reijo Viljanen | Method for making glulam boards |
CA2350380A1 (en) * | 2001-06-13 | 2002-12-13 | Raoul Grenier | Process of making a lamellated wood product |
ATE555899T1 (en) * | 2003-03-10 | 2012-05-15 | Wood Engineering Technology Ltd | LAMINATES RELATED TO EVALUATED DIMENSIONS OF TREES |
ITPD20030033U1 (en) * | 2003-04-15 | 2004-10-16 | Panto Spa | FRAME STRUCTURE FOR FRAMES, WINDOWS AND SIMILAR, AND PROCEDURE FOR THE CREATION OF FRAME STRUCTURES FOR FRAMES, WINDOWS AND SIMILAR |
US20060078666A1 (en) * | 2004-10-08 | 2006-04-13 | Smith Daniel G | Laminated coconut palm and products thereof |
AU2007219333A1 (en) * | 2007-02-01 | 2008-08-21 | Marshall Ghiotti | Timber components |
-
2009
- 2009-05-13 DE DE102009022335A patent/DE102009022335A1/en active Pending
-
2010
- 2010-05-05 EP EP10004735.6A patent/EP2251168B1/en active Active
- 2010-05-05 DK DK10004735.6T patent/DK2251168T3/en active
- 2010-05-05 SI SI201030382T patent/SI2251168T1/en unknown
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102019125608A1 (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-03-25 | PaTim UG (haftungsbeschränkt) | Process for the production of a wooden construction element and a wooden construction element |
EP3797984A1 (en) | 2019-09-24 | 2021-03-31 | PaTim UG (haftungsbeschränkt) | Wooden element and method of producing a wooden element |
EP3797984B1 (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2024-04-03 | PaTim UG (haftungsbeschränkt) | Wooden element and method of producing a wooden element |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK2251168T3 (en) | 2013-10-14 |
DE102009022335A1 (en) | 2010-11-18 |
SI2251168T1 (en) | 2013-11-29 |
EP2251168A1 (en) | 2010-11-17 |
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