DE102017113368A1 - Multilayer plate and method for its production - Google Patents

Abstract

Multi-layer panel made of veneered wood, which has at least one lamellae (10, 22) of mutually glued, at right angles to the plane oriented lamellae (24), characterized in that a directly on the lamellar layer (10, 22) adjacent layer (12, 20) of the multilayer plate is a parallel to the slab oriented sliced veneer sheet, in which the wood fibers (26) are oriented in the longitudinal direction of the slats (24).

Description

The invention relates to a multi-layer panel made of veneer wood, which has at least one slat layer of glued together, oriented at right angles to the plate plane slats.

There are multilayer plates of this type are known in which several slat layers are cross-glued together. Of the veneer lamellas oriented perpendicular to the plane of the board, only the narrow surfaces can be seen on the surface, whereby a particularly appealing decorative effect is achieved. Such slats are therefore also referred to as Fineline veneers. Due to the crosswise gluing of the lamination layers, a high dimensional stability of the multilayer board is achieved.

On the other hand veneer layer materials are known, the z. B. consist of several stacked and glued together and pressed peel veneer panels. Since such peel veneer boards often have larger or smaller imperfections, care must be taken when laying the veneers that one uses as possible defect-free veneer sheets for the later visible on the surface cover layers.

The object of the invention is to provide a multilayer board with improved quality.

This object is achieved in that an immediately adjacent to the slat position of the multilayer slab is a parallel to the slab oriented sliced veneer board, in which the wood fibers are oriented in the longitudinal direction of the slats of the slat position.

In the case of the multilayer board according to the invention, lamella layers and rotary veneer layers are thus combined with one another. It is essential that the longitudinal orientation of the slats and the grain direction of the peeled veneer match.

The slats of the slat layers have manufacturing tolerances on their dimensional tolerances. If the lamellae are placed edgewise on a base and pushed together to form a package and glued together, these dimensional tolerances lead to the surface of the lamella layer thus formed not being completely flat on the side facing away from the base, but certain steps and jumps at the transition points from one blade to the other. If the lamellar layer is then glued to another layer of the multilayer board, then in conventional fineline multilayer boards, the two layers do not rest against each other over the entire surface, and there are certain gaps that weaken the bond, even if they are filled with glue during gluing. In the case of the multi-layer panel according to the invention, however, such surface unevennesses in the lamellar layer can be compensated for by pressing in the further projecting narrow surfaces of the lamellae into the material of the adjacent peel veneer layer, since the peeled veneer is relatively yielding perpendicularly to the fiber direction. In this way, the surface unevenness can even contribute to a particularly good toothing and thus to a strengthening of the dressing between the two layers, while on the other hand, on the side facing away from the peelable veneer side of the lamellar layer can achieve a particularly high-quality, even surface.

Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the multi-layer board according to the invention is a veneer laminated wood panel, the cover layers of which are formed by lamination layers, while the inner layers are peeled veneer layers. The fact that the visible cover layers are formed by lamellae, you get a visually appealing and flawless outer surface, so that it is no longer necessary when laying the peel veneer panels to mend or sort the veneers in order to obtain particularly flawless panels for the cover layers.

An expedient method for producing the multilayer plate according to the invention is the subject of the independent method claim.

In the following embodiments are explained in detail with reference to the drawing.

Show it:

1 a perspective view of a section of a multi-layer panel according to the invention;

2 Parts of a slat position and a rotary veneer layer of the multilayer plate after 1 on an enlarged scale;

3 a schematic representation of a method for laying veneer sheets in the production of laminated veneer lumber panels according to the invention;

4 a schematic view of two layers of veneer plywood strand with veneers veneered;

5 to 8th various stages in the production of a lamination of a multilayer board according to the invention;

9 a perspective view of a section of a multi-layer plate according to another embodiment;

10 the process sequence in the production of lamination layers with a fiber orientation perpendicular to the lamination surface area

In the 1 shown multilayer plate has seven layers or layers glued together 10 . 12 . 14 . 16 . 18 . 20 . 22 made of plywood. The upper and lower layers 10 . 22 are lamellar layers, which are made of a variety of glued together, upstanding - so oriented perpendicular to the plate plane - slats 24 consist. For example, the slats have 24 each one thickness (in horizontal direction in 1 ) of 3 mm and a width (here in the vertical direction) of 3.5 mm. The layers 12 to 20 on the other hand are formed by peeled veneer panels, in the example shown with a thickness of 3 mm. At the in 1 left edge of the layers 12 and 20 and at the leading edges of the layers 14 to 18 becomes the wood fiber direction due to thin parallel lines 26 symbolized in the respective veneer board. It can be seen that the fiber orientation in the layers 12 and 20 with the longitudinal direction of the slats in the respective adjacent position 10 . 22 matches. It is understood that even in the individual slats 24 the fiber orientation coincides with the longitudinal direction of the slats.

In the three middle layers 14 . 16 and 18 the cut veneer sheets are oriented such that the grain direction is perpendicular to the grain direction in the sheets 12 and 20 and thus also at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the slats 24 runs. By this crosswise gluing the layers formed by peel veneers 12 to 20 a relatively high isotropy and thus dimensional stability of the multilayer plate is achieved. Because the layers 10 and 22 , which form the upper and lower cover layers and thus the visible surfaces of the multi-layer plate, are formed by lamellar layers, on the one hand, a decorative (Fineline-) effect and at the same time a high stability of the plate is achieved.

The slats 24 are formed by narrow veneer strips whose width B ( 2 ) the thickness of the layers 10 and 22 Certainly, because the veneer lamellae 24 stand upright in these layers. Due to the manufacturing process, the fins have 24 certain dimensional tolerances, which in particular lead to deviations in the width B, as in 2 is exaggerated. If the slats 24 be glued together so that they are at the top in 2 are flush with each other and thus form a smooth, even surface, so inevitably arise at the location 12 facing bottom certain levels. However, since the wood fibers 26 in a position 12 run in the longitudinal direction of these stages, the material of the peeling veneer is able 12 in the direction perpendicular to the steps relatively yielding, so that the lamellae 24 in the surface of the situation 12 can impress and thus the dimensional tolerances are compensated. In this way, it is possible when gluing a firm association of the layers 10 and 12 while ensuring that the multilayer panel has a very smooth and flat outer surface. The impressions and the corresponding compensation of dimensional tolerances also occurs when used instead of the veneer blades for the production of the slat layers of plates removed lamellar rods.

It is understood that the structure of the multilayer plate described here can be varied in many ways. For example, the number of peeled veneer layers inside the plate may vary, as well as the orientation of the wood fibers in these layers, provided that it is ensured that in the layers adjacent to the lamination layers, the fiber direction coincides with the lamellae longitudinal direction.

While in the in 1 shown example, the slats of the layers 10 and 22 parallel to each other, they could also be perpendicular to each other in another embodiment. For example, then the location 20 be omitted so that fiber directions of the layers 18 and 22 match again.

Of course, it is also possible to form one or more of the inner layers of the plate as slats, for example, with mutually alternating slat orientations. However, then should be present between each two slat layers at least two rotary veneer layers with mutually perpendicular fiber directions.

The thicknesses of the individual layers of the multilayer plates may be different from each other.

It is also not mandatory that the individual layers 10 to 22 be formed by rectangular, flush aligned veneer sheets, as in 1 is shown. For example, the veneer layers could also be staggered in one direction.

In the manufacture of laminated veneer lumber, it is common to place the veneer sheets in staggered form into a so-called "book" so that the veneer sheets form a multi-ply continuous strand in which the butt joints between the veneer sheets increase by a certain amount from ply to ply offset from each other. An endless strand formed in this way can then be pressed in a continuous press in order to firmly join the glued veneer sheets to a laminated veneer lumber, which can then be divided into panels of suitable size as required.

In 3 is schematically shown such a book laying process, but in which the special feature is that the lower and upper cover layers by slat layers 10 ' be formed while the inner layers 12 ' and 14 ' be formed again by peeling veneers with the appropriate fiber direction. The inner layers formed by peeling veneers 12 ' and 14 ' can thereby flaws 28 have, since these layers later through the slats 10 ' be covered and thus are not visible from the outside. The use of slat layers 10 ' as cover layers has the advantage that the book-laying process is simplified because you no longer need to search for the most flawless peel veneer boards for the cover layers and it is not necessary to repair defects in the top layers.

4 shows a veneer plywood strand according to another embodiment of the invention. Here are the cover layers by lamellar layers 10 '' with running in the longitudinal direction of the strand slats 24 educated. The veneer sheets the lamellas and the inner layers 12 '' of the strand have busted (ie beveled) narrow surfaces 29 , which overlap each other at the joints, so that a firmer bond between the individual panels is formed. The orientation of the slats 24 allows the edges to be shaved by milling, without individual lamellae breaking out. Due to the high stability of the milling edges, the milling edge can also be made in the form of tongue and groove, with or without click effect. The security against shifting when moving into the press would be increased as well as the strength of the joint.

A convenient method for producing the lamellar layers, such as the lamellar layers 10 ' , shall be described below on the basis of 5 to 8th be explained.

5 shows a veneer plywood panel 30 from peeled veneer boards 32 , which are glued together in several layers (in the example shown five layers). The single peeled veneer boards 32 For example, each may have a thickness of 3 mm. Optionally, the number of layers can also be significantly greater than five.

The veneer plywood panel 30 Then, by sawing cuts parallel to the uniform orientation of the wood fibers in all layers into narrower slabs 34 split, as in 6 is shown.

In a further processing step is then how 7 shows, each of the panels 34 in a number of narrow lamella bars 36 split, whose width is less than the height, by the original thickness of the laminated veneer lumber 30 is determined. Each lamella bar 36 still consists of five layers, corresponding to the superimposed peeled veneer sheets 32 in 5 ,

As 8th shows are the lamellar rods 36 then each tilted by 90 ° and on a flat surface 38 put together and glued together and pressed to a continuous panel, which then the lamellar position 10 ' forms, with the individual slats 24 through the now upright veneer layers of the lamella bars 36 be formed.

If the slat position thus produced 10 ' the outer layer of a multilayer sheet according to the invention should form, so is preferably that side of the slat position 10 , in the 8th the top is, with the adjacent peeling veneer lay 12 ' glued while the side in 7 on the flat surface 38 rests, forms the outside of the multi-layer plate.

In 9 is the construction of another advantageous multi-layer panel of, for example, seven layers bonded by adhesive bonding 100 . 120 . 140 . 160 . 180 . 200 . 220 shown. The upper and lower layers 100 . 220 consist of lamellar rods 240 with fibers oriented at right angles to the plane of the plate. The lamellar rods have a thickness - measured in the fiber direction - of, for example, 4.0 mm and a width corresponding to the original thickness of the laminated veneer lumber panel. As with the multi-layer plate after 1 insist the liners 120 . 140 . 160 . 180 and 200 of peeled veneer sheets with fibers oriented in the multilayer plate plane, consequently the fibers are oriented in the faces of the peeled veneer sheets. While maintaining the surface orientation of the fibers, the peeled veneer layers can be like each other as the layers 12 and 14 in 1 be arranged. The fiber orientation forms an angle of 90 °. While maintaining the plate symmetry and multi-layer plates are conceivable in which the fiber orientations between the individual slab veneer sheets have an angle of less than 90 °, z. B. angle of 45 ° or 30 °.

In 10 By way of example, the production of lamination layers with fiber orientation perpendicular to the surface of the multilayer plate or lamella layer is shown. An endlessly produced veneer sheet panel 300 is in individual plates 310 divided up. Out of these plates 310 then become lamellar rods 320 produced by a Sägeschnitte, the feed direction when dividing the plates 310 lies at an angle of 90 ° to the fiber direction of the outer layer of the veneer layer plate. The laminated rods thus produced are then rotated 90 ° and as in 10 represented to a slat position 330 connected.

Claims (8)

Multi-layer panel made of veneered wood, which has at least one slat layer ( 10 . 22 ; 10 '; 10 '' ) of glued together, at right angles to the plate plane oriented slats ( 24 ), characterized in that a directly to the slat position ( 10 . 22 ; 10 '; 10 ''; 100 . 220 ) adjacent location ( 12 . 20 ; 12 '; 12 '' ) of the multilayer plate is a parallel to the plate plane oriented peeled veneer board, in which the wood fibers ( 26 ) in the longitudinal direction of the slats ( 24 ) are oriented. Multilayer board according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the surfaces of the multi-layer board is provided by a lamination ( 10 . 22 ; 10 '; 10 ''; 100 . 220 ) is formed. Multilayer board according to claim 1 or 2, comprising a plurality of layers (5) formed by rotary veneer boards. 12 to 20 ), in which the wood fibers ( 26 ) are oriented at right angles to each other. Multilayer plate according to one of the preceding claims, in which the lamellae ( 24 ) of the slat position ( 10 ) on the side of the layer formed by rotary veneer ( 12 ), forming a flat surface, while dimensional tolerances of the slats ( 24 ) on the side of the lamellar layer, that of the layer formed by rotary veneer ( 12 ), lead to surface irregularities, which press into the peeling veneer. Multilayer board according to one of the preceding claims, in the form of an endless veneer plywood strand whose layers ( 10 ' . 12 ' . 14 '; 10 ''; 12 '' ) are formed in each case by a plurality of plates abutting on each other, wherein abutments between the sheets are offset from one layer to another. Multilayer plate according to Claim 5, in which the narrow surfaces (15) running transversely to the longitudinal direction of the strand ( 29 ) the boards are busy. Multilayer board according to Claim 6, in which the lamellae ( 24 ) extending in the longitudinal direction of the strand. Process for producing a multilayer panel according to one of the preceding claims, in which a plurality of peeled veneer sheets ( 32 ) and glued together and pressed together to a veneer layer material ( 30 ), which then into narrow, strip-shaped lamellar rods ( 36 ), whose width is less than its height, and in which the lamellae are then tilted by 90 ° and placed flat in a common plane and glued together to the lamellae ( 10 ' ) whose lamellae ( 24 ) through the individual veneer layers of the original veneer layer material ( 30 ) are formed.

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