EP2249983B1 - Procédé et équipement électromagnétique associé pour la mise en rotation d'un métal en fusion au sein d'une lingotière de coulée continue de brames. - Google Patents

Procédé et équipement électromagnétique associé pour la mise en rotation d'un métal en fusion au sein d'une lingotière de coulée continue de brames. Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2249983B1
EP2249983B1 EP07872391.3A EP07872391A EP2249983B1 EP 2249983 B1 EP2249983 B1 EP 2249983B1 EP 07872391 A EP07872391 A EP 07872391A EP 2249983 B1 EP2249983 B1 EP 2249983B1
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Prior art keywords
metal
inductors
forces
molten metal
casting
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EP07872391.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2249983A1 (fr
Inventor
Siebo Kunstreich
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Rotelec SA
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Rotelec SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
    • B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
    • B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
    • B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the continuous casting of metal slabs, in particular steel. It relates more particularly to the implementation of sliding magnetic fields in the mold, whose action on the cast liquid metal gives the latter a rotational movement about the casting axis.
  • molten metal fills the casting space to a certain height level to form a meniscus (free surface of the liquid metal) covered with a slag and a steady flow of metal melt is continuously brought into the mold with the aid of a submerged nozzle (a few tens of centimeters below the meniscus) generally single and centered on the casting axis, and provided with lateral outlet openings which open in look at the small end faces.
  • the document EP 0151 648 proposes to implement four identical identical inductors mounted symmetrically on the large faces of the mold, at the rate of two inductors per large face, placed on either side of the nozzle, each partially covering a half width of the large face which receives them, between the nozzle and the small end faces.
  • the European patent EP No. 0096077 proposes him, a device configured on the basis of three inductors aligned by large face, jointly generating magnetic fields sliding horizontally in the same direction, but associated with means to make them act with differentiated thrust forces on the cast metal .
  • the first inductor in the vicinity of a small end face therefore, would ensure the speed of the mass of molten metal opposite, the second would ensure the maintenance speed in the middle part of the large face, while the third would be set to allow a deceleration of the flow of metal that passes before him before the frontal impact on the other small end face.
  • the European patent EP 0750958 seems to take another step further by proposing equipment for the rotation of the meniscus metal constituted by a single integral inductor by large face, therefore of the type described in JP 57075268 cited before, but served by a complex connectivity that connects it to its three-phase power supply.
  • This sophistication of the electrical assembly applied to an inductor of old design, aims to allow the implementation, here too, means for modulating the driving force according to the width of the mold. The goal is that the force is more intense in the end region of a large face to "push" the molten metal outward than that acting in the same end region facing each other. large face and facing in the opposite direction (thus pushing inwards).
  • the invention firstly relates to a method for an oblong axial electromagnetic rotation of the molten metal in a continuous slab casting mold provided with a submerged casting nozzle centered on the casting axis. and having lateral outlet openings open opposite the small end faces of the mold, in which process has been mounted at least four polyphase magnetic field inductors sliding along the width of the mold on the large faces of the mold to reason of two inductors per large face, and the inductors arranged side by side on the same large face of the mold were set to create a system with four driving forces whose two forces attached to any pair of inductors located diagonally from each other with respect to the casting axis push the metal of the nozzle towards the small faces, thus “towards the outside", whereas the other two forces, attached to the other pair of inductors located diagonally from each other, push the metal of the small faces towards the nozzle, so "inward", the joint implementation of these four forces imparting generally to the molten metal an axial rotational movement oblong to
  • the intensities of the driving forces of each pair of inductors located diagonally with respect to the casting axis are equalized to one another.
  • all the driving forces between them are equalized in intensity if and only if the natural flow mode of the ingot mold metal bath is of the "unstable flow" type.
  • the meniscus velocity of the molten metal measured in the vicinity of the same large face of the mold, is measured. flow progresses "inwards” and that whose flow progresses "outwards", a differential signal representative of the difference between said measured velocities, representative of amplitude and sign, is developed and the differentiation of said forces is regulated driving force, between forces pushing "inward” and those pushing “outwards", applying to them a difference in intensity that permanently makes said differential signal to zero.
  • the natural flow mode of the molten metal within the ingot mold is predicted by taking into account parameters specific to the casting, and then differentiating the driving forces between them so as to further intensify the forces that push the metal "inwards” if the natural flow mode of the metal bath is of the "single loop” type, and conversely , so as to further intensify the forces that push the metal "outwards", if the natural flow mode of the metal bath is of the "double loop” type.
  • the natural flow mode but also the natural rate of circulation of the meniscus metal is predicted and the difference between the "outwardly” driving forces and those pushing toward the "interior” so that this difference is proportional to said natural speed predicted to the meniscus.
  • said power control means intervene on the differentiation means of the intensities of the driving forces in order to equalize the intensity of all the forces if and only if the natural flow mode of the Metal bath is of the "unstable flow" type.
  • the means of identification of the flow mode of the metal bath within the casting mold are predictive in nature and constituted by a computer system comprising a programmed computer RAM in which are recorded identification charts (and / or their analytical form) constructed using a mathematical model of fluid mechanics describing the natural flows from the argon stream flow parameters, the cross-section casting slab, geometry and immersion depth of the nozzle, and casting speed.
  • the intensity of the driving force F can be controlled by the intensity I eff of the electric current supply, or by the frequency f of this current if it has for this purpose a variable frequency power supply.
  • the driving force is controlled by the intensity of the electric supply current, the power supply being set so that the frequency of the latter is at a low value of 3 Hz. or even less, to obtain a sufficient depth of penetration of the magnetic induction in the molten metal in the vicinity of the inductor given the thickness of the wall of the ingot mold to be crossed and the composition of the metal of which it is formed
  • a first stable mode is the "double loop” mode (better known by the English name of "double roll”).
  • each metal jet 1 which arrives in the mold by a side port 2 of the immersed nozzle 3 centered on the casting axis A, reaches a small end face 5 of the mold with an incidence and a momentum such that it divides after the impact into two opposite currents 7 and 8.
  • a stream 8 descends in depth and a stream 7 rises, him, along the small face 5 to the meniscus 4 where, once reached this level, it develops into a blade 16 which progresses along the large faces 12, 12 'to the axis A of the mold to meet the paired blade 16' from the other small face 5 '.
  • a second stable mode is called “simple loop” (or “single roll”).
  • the above conditions as to the relative power of the incoming jets 1 are not satisfied.
  • the thrust of Archimedes gas bubbles dispersed in the metal stream, from the injection of argon in the nozzle, is then preponderant: shortly after the exit of the ears 2 of the nozzle, a current 9, coming from the almost all of the metal jet 1, goes back to the meniscus 4, which thus becomes the seat of a circulation of molten metal progressing from the nozzle 3 to each of the small faces 5 and 5 ', where, once reached, the surface current dips down the mold.
  • a first function is that of the "stirring" of the metal bath which provides a thermal homogenization to the meniscus. Otherwise, local temperature gradients are installed which lead irremediably heterogeneities of solidification of the first skin in contact with the cooled copper wall of the mold, with the consequences that are known on the appearance of cracks on the product being solidified and the risks of breakthroughs related to it.
  • a second function is the "washing" of the solidification front.
  • Gas bubbles or non-metallic particles inevitably present in the molten metal, are often trapped by the infractuosities of a solidification front in dendritic growth, to become what are usually called inclusions. If the velocity of the sweep current exceeds a threshold value, specific to each case, these gas bubbles and particles are released and entrained with the metal stream until settling on the surface where they will be trapped by the supernatant cover slag. Thus, the skin of the solidified cast product is found to be free of inclusions and the quality of the product obtained is good.
  • FIG. 2a The image, seen from above of the mold, of the natural circulatory movements of the metal generated by the meniscus is illustrated by the figure 2a .
  • the mold is of elongated rectangular cross-section defining the format of the slab to be cast.
  • the nozzle immersed 3 is centered on the casting axis A.
  • Four polyphase planar inductors (which will be assumed three-phase in this example) 10a, 10b, 10c and 10d magnetic field sliding along the width of the mold, are mounted opposite large faces 12 and 12 'of the mold with two inductors per large face.
  • the inductors 10a and 10b are mounted aligned on the large face 12 on either side of the nozzle 3, and the inductors 10c and 10d are likewise on the large opposite face 12 '.
  • the inductor 10a is both the symmetrical inductor 10d disposed vis-à-vis relative to the main median plane B, the symmetrical l inductor 10b arranged side by side with respect to the secondary median plane (not shown) and the symmetrical inductor 10c placed diagonally with respect to the casting axis 3 (located at the intersection of the main median plane B and of the secondary median plane).
  • this architecture is such that each inductor covers about a half width of large face 12, 12 'on which it is centered. This overlap may be only partial, because it is not necessary for the magnetic field to act up to the level of the small end faces 5, 5 ', or indeed at the nozzle 3. On the contrary, it may be useful to provide a free space, a few centimeters, between two inductors juxtaposed to allow to accommodate a mechanical reinforcement of the structure of the mold.
  • the driving forces of the liquid metal produced by two inductors side by side opposite a large face of the mold are of different intensity to each other.
  • this characteristic means, as shown in FIG. figure 3a , that the diagonal force torque pushing "inwards” (fat arrows) is of higher intensity than that of the other diagonal couple that pushes "outwards” (lean arrows)
  • the inductors 10a and 10c acting "against the current" of the natural meniscus flow (cf. Fig. 2a ), they have to produce a driving force greater than that of their neighboring inducer, 10b and 10d respectively, which act in "co-current" of the natural meniscus flow.
  • the inductors 10a and 10c acting "against the current" of the natural meniscus flow (cf. Fig. 2a ), they have to produce a driving force greater than that of their neighboring inducer, 10b and 10d respectively, which act in "co-current" of the natural meniscus flow.
  • the application of the set of couples of differentiated driving forces illustrated on the figure 3a leads to give the molten metal to the meniscus 4 an overall movement which passes from the natural configuration shown on the figure 2a , to an oblong gyratory configuration around the stable and well-formed casting axis A, as illustrated in FIG. figure 4 .
  • this gap will be all the greater as the circulation of the metal along the large walls is heterogeneous to better match the velocities of the metal moving with respect to each inductor plus the axial axial rotation movement of the metal to the meniscus will be homogeneous and well developed on the surface of the meniscus.
  • the position of the optimum setting will obviously vary with the peculiarities of each casting.
  • the difference between the intensities of the forces "pushing inwards” and the forces pushing “inwards” will preferably be set to zero, and the intensities increased. until the meniscus has an axial rotational movement that is as homogeneous as possible.
  • the two inductors placed diagonally to each other are connected to the same power supply.
  • the inductors 10a and 10c are thus connected to the power supply 15a and the inductors 10b and 10d are connected to the power supply 15b.
  • the order of the polarities to be respected is that which will ensure the sliding of the magnetic fields in the desired directions.
  • the inductors produce respective magnetic fields that slide horizontally as shown in FIGS. 1c and 2c in order to achieve a gyratory movement of the meniscus metal which, seen from above, develops in the clockwise direction as shown in FIG. the figure 3 . It is understood that if for any reason we wanted a counterclockwise movement to the meniscus, it would be enough to reverse the polarities of the inductors.
  • the power unit is composed of two identical identical power supplies 15a and 15b each provided with means for differentiating the intensities of the driving forces by torque of inductors.
  • Each pair of diagonally arranged inductors thus paired is connected to one and only one power supply: the torque 10a, 10c being supplied by the power supply 15a and the torque 10b, 10d by the power supply 15b.
  • these are polyphase feeds, preferably bi- or three-phase, so that the inductors can produce a sliding magnetic field.
  • VFVF Very Voltage Frequency
  • the power supply is regulated so that it is the power supply 15a which, by the choice of the intensity of current (and also of its frequency, if necessary), makes to produce at the two inductors diagonally 10a and 10c that it feeds, a driving force of the metal stronger than that produced by the two other diagonally inductors 10b and 10d, connected to the supply 15b.
  • the two power supplies 15a and 15b are set to make the four inductors produce the same intensity of current.
  • the two embodiments of the equipment according to the invention are distinguished by the control mode of these power supplies.
  • the control of the power supplies 15a and 15b according to the above criteria is effected by means of a regulator 13. Its function is to constantly adjust the difference between intensity of the currents to be applied between the pair of inductors which is to create the strongest force and the other pair, according to the information on the meniscus velocities that it receives from fluid velocity measuring means.
  • These measuring means consist of two velocity measuring probes 20 and 21. These probes dive weakly into the molten metal at distinct locations on the meniscus, on either side of the nozzle 3, preferably at an equal distance from the nozzle. it, and also at equal distance from the same large wall of the mold, here the large wall 12. It may be mechanical probes in which a torsion torque is formed under the impulse of the metal current, which depends therefore directly from the speed of the metal in flow. These speed sensors transmit their information to the regulator 13 in the form of signals carrying a sign indicating the direction of the measured speed.
  • the regulator 13 which receives these speed signals, makes the algebraic difference in order to develop a reference signal proportional to the difference in speeds and whose sign indicates which of the two metal currents in contact with the probes 20 and 21 on the one hand. and other of the nozzle, which is the strongest, and therefore which of the two pairs of inductors will generate the lowest thrust force.
  • This instruction will allow the power supplies 15a, 15b to deliver the appropriate current intensities to the inductors, differentiated intensities so with a difference between they will result in differentiated thrust forces whose action on the metal will lead to zero towards the target signal, guaranteeing the desired homogeneity of the rotational movement of the metal meniscus.
  • the regulator 13 proceeds to a first measurement of the velocities of the metal currents by the probes 20 and 21 placed in the vicinity of the wall 12 opposite the inductors 10b and 10a respectively and produces a signal representative of their difference. It is understood that this differential signal, in magnitude and sign, will depend on the natural flow mode of the metal in the mold. If necessary, please refer to Figures 2a and 2b to see that if the flow mode is in "simple loop" ( fig.2a ) the probe 20 will measure a speed much higher than that measured by the probe 21, and conversely if the flow is in "double loop" ( Fig. 2b ).
  • this differential signal will thus teach the regulator 13 on the identity of the flow mode, and its amplitude will enable it to develop the intensity difference signal for the control of the power supplies 15a, 15b. Then, the loop regulation forces can settle and take over for most of the casting period, regardless of changes in the natural flow mode of the mold bath.
  • the current intensity (and frequency) setpoint is preselected and applied to the four inductors at the start of the rotation of the metal, before the actual regulation phase.
  • This preselection will be done manually or automatically according to recorded values, for example in a programmable controller, depending on the cast metal grades and / or quality objectives sought.
  • a PLC PLC type for example
  • Such a PLC could contain the regulator 13.
  • the second embodiment variant of the equipment is based on a predictive approach to natural flows of molten metal.
  • the control of the power supplies 15a and 15b according to the criteria previously stated is effected by means of control means 16.
  • PLC Programmable Logic Controller
  • the PLC 16 receives the information it needs for this task by means 17 for identifying the flow mode of the metal bath in the mold.
  • these identification means therefore replace the speed sensors of the first embodiment, because these, as will be explained later, are not easy to implement in a continuous casting mold.
  • These identification means 17 consist of a standard PC type computer (Personal Computer) with a RAM which contains the tools necessary for this identification.
  • flow mode identification is not only the qualitative prediction that it is a flow of the "simple” or “double loop” or “unstable” type of flow. ", but also the quantitative prediction of the flow velocity of the metal to the meniscus, it being understood that a velocity predicted at zero is assimilated to an unstable state.
  • these tools will be constituted by appropriate software, built on a mathematical model of fluid mechanics able to predict the flow mode of the ingot mold from, on the one hand, two casting parameters fixed to This is the beginning of the mold thickness and the geometry of the nozzle and, on the other hand, of four variables that may vary during casting, such as the width of the slab, the casting speed, the depth of the slab immersion of the gills of the nozzle and the flow of argon injected. All these data, the fixed doublet as the variable quadruplet, are preferably introduced by automatic input from the general computer 19 of the casting installation and driving the casting operations.
  • the results produced by this software can be realized in the form of abacuses that the PLC can use in automatic reading or after their transcription in analytical form.
  • the results given by the PC 17 will, of course, be able to provide a numerical value of the average natural speed of the metal to the meniscus, a value that will allow the control PLC 16 to determine a deviation value, for example 200 A (ie 600 A for the two most active and 400 A for the other two if the initial current at startup has been preselected at 500 A) and instruct in this sense the power supplies 15a and 15b to deliver the current intensities corresponding to the pairs of inductors concerned.
  • a deviation value for example 200 A (ie 600 A for the two most active and 400 A for the other two if the initial current at startup has been preselected at 500 A) and instruct in this sense the power supplies 15a and 15b to deliver the current intensities corresponding to the pairs of inductors concerned.
  • the identification means 17 will therefore provide the control means 16 with a signal whose amplitude is proportional to the natural flow velocity of the molten metal to the meniscus and whose sign (depending on whether the direction of this velocity is inwards or outwards), provides information on the identity of the type of flow in "single loop" or "double loop".
  • the controller 16 determines which of the two pairs of inductors should create the greatest force depending on the type of flow prevailing. It also calculates the difference in intensity of the supply currents between the two pairs of inductors concerned so that this difference is proportional to the average speed of the meniscus metal and transmits the corresponding instructions to the power supplies 15a and 15b.
  • the PLC 16 receives from the PC 17 a signal of zero amplitude, it cancels the difference in intensity of the supply currents (and frequencies) and gives the same setpoint of supply current (and frequency) to the four inductors , setpoint corresponding to the preselected value or prerecorded according to cast metal grades and / or desired quality objectives.
  • the invention provides homogenization "in line" of the axial rotation of the meniscus metal during casting. Thanks to the automatic acquisition of the quadruplet of variable parameters which conditions the flow mode, it will be possible at any moment, in response to the values of these quadruplets arriving at the PC 17 as the casting takes place, to apply the appropriate differentiation to the forces of thrust of the inductors which will permanently ensure the achievement of a meniscus in homogeneous rotation, whatever the flow patterns that could succeed in the ingot mold during casting.
  • the invention provides an optimal active "cover" of the casting for the entirety of its duration, or its quasi-completeness with regard to the possible sequences of unstable flow.
  • the inductors forming a pair connected to a given power supply, 15a or 15b can be electrically connected to each other in parallel as shown in FIGS. Figures 5 and 6 , or in series.
  • the number of inductors may be greater than four, it being understood in this case that this number must remain even in order to provide each large face of the mold with the same number of inductors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
EP07872391.3A 2007-12-17 2007-12-17 Procédé et équipement électromagnétique associé pour la mise en rotation d'un métal en fusion au sein d'une lingotière de coulée continue de brames. Active EP2249983B1 (fr)

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PCT/FR2007/002104 WO2009077661A1 (fr) 2007-12-17 2007-12-17 Procédé et équipement électromagnétique associé pour la mise en rotation d'un métal en fusion au sein d'une lingotière de coulée continue de brames.

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EP2249983A1 EP2249983A1 (fr) 2010-11-17
EP2249983B1 true EP2249983B1 (fr) 2016-06-29

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US (1) US8167024B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2249983B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5181032B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR101520883B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN101827670B (zh)
BR (1) BRPI0722296B1 (zh)
CA (1) CA2702639A1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2448802C2 (zh)
TW (1) TWI402115B (zh)
WO (1) WO2009077661A1 (zh)

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EP2272605A1 (de) * 2009-06-24 2011-01-12 Siemens AG Regelverfahren für den Gießspiegel einer Stranggießkokille
EP2383056B1 (en) * 2010-04-28 2016-11-30 Nemak Dillingen GmbH Method and apparatus for a non contact metal sensing device
CN102107266B (zh) * 2010-12-01 2014-08-20 河北优利科电气有限公司 驱动铸锭内尚未凝固的金属熔液流动的方法
GB201305822D0 (en) * 2013-03-28 2013-05-15 Pavlov Evgeny Improvements in and relating to apparatus and methods
JP6279963B2 (ja) * 2014-04-15 2018-02-14 株式会社神戸製鋼所 チタンまたはチタン合金からなるスラブの連続鋳造装置
JP6625065B2 (ja) 2014-05-21 2019-12-25 ノベリス・インコーポレイテッドＮｏｖｅｌｉｓ Ｉｎｃ． 非接触式の溶融金属流れの制御
EP3221070B1 (en) * 2014-11-20 2020-06-03 ABB Schweiz AG Electromagnetic brake system and method of controllong molten metal flow in a metal-making process

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JPS5775268A (en) * 1980-10-30 1982-05-11 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> Electromagnetic stirring method for molten steel in mold in continuous casting plant
JPS58100955A (ja) * 1981-12-11 1983-06-15 Kawasaki Steel Corp 連続鋳造鋳型内溶鋼の撹拌方法およびその装置
JPS6037251A (ja) * 1983-08-11 1985-02-26 Kawasaki Steel Corp 連続鋳造鋳型内溶鋼の電磁撹拌方法
JP3006991B2 (ja) * 1994-03-07 2000-02-07 新日本製鐵株式会社 連続鋳造装置
CN1077470C (zh) * 1994-03-07 2002-01-09 新日本制铁株式会社 连续铸造的方法和设备
JP3129942B2 (ja) * 1995-08-02 2001-01-31 新日本製鐵株式会社 連続鋳造鋳型内溶鋼の撹拌方法
FR2845626B1 (fr) * 2002-10-14 2005-12-16 Rotelec Sa Procede pour la maitrise des mouvements du metal, dans une lingotiere de coulee continue de brames
JP4438705B2 (ja) * 2005-07-04 2010-03-24 住友金属工業株式会社 鋼の連続鋳造方法

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CN101827670B (zh) 2012-08-01
CA2702639A1 (fr) 2009-06-25
RU2010129926A (ru) 2012-01-27
BRPI0722296B1 (pt) 2016-10-04
JP2011506103A (ja) 2011-03-03
WO2009077661A1 (fr) 2009-06-25
JP5181032B2 (ja) 2013-04-10
CN101827670A (zh) 2010-09-08
EP2249983A1 (fr) 2010-11-17
TW200936274A (en) 2009-09-01
KR20100093524A (ko) 2010-08-25
US20100263822A1 (en) 2010-10-21
KR101520883B1 (ko) 2015-05-15
BRPI0722296A2 (pt) 2014-04-22
RU2448802C2 (ru) 2012-04-27
TWI402115B (zh) 2013-07-21
US8167024B2 (en) 2012-05-01

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