EP2239455B1 - Anlassvorrichtung für Verbrennungsmotor, insbesondere von Kraftfahrzeugen - Google Patents

Anlassvorrichtung für Verbrennungsmotor, insbesondere von Kraftfahrzeugen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2239455B1
EP2239455B1 EP10159084.2A EP10159084A EP2239455B1 EP 2239455 B1 EP2239455 B1 EP 2239455B1 EP 10159084 A EP10159084 A EP 10159084A EP 2239455 B1 EP2239455 B1 EP 2239455B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrical contact
electrical
notably
contact element
contactor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP10159084.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2239455A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Sébastien Metral
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
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Valeo Equipements Electriques Moteur SAS
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Publication of EP2239455A1 publication Critical patent/EP2239455A1/de
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Publication of EP2239455B1 publication Critical patent/EP2239455B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
    • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
    • F02N15/067—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement the starter comprising an electro-magnetically actuated lever
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/087—Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N2300/00—Control related aspects of engine starting
    • F02N2300/10—Control related aspects of engine starting characterised by the control output, i.e. means or parameters used as a control output or target
    • F02N2300/102—Control of the starter motor speed; Control of the engine speed during cranking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
    • H01H51/04—Non-polarised relays with single armature; with single set of ganged armatures
    • H01H51/06—Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in one direction due to energisation of an electromagnet and after the electromagnet is de-energised is returned by energy stored during the movement in the first direction, e.g. by using a spring, by using a permanent magnet, by gravity
    • H01H51/065—Relays having a pair of normally open contacts rigidly fixed to a magnetic core movable along the axis of a solenoid, e.g. relays for starting automobiles

Definitions

  • the invention relates in particular to a starting device for an internal combustion engine, especially a motor vehicle.
  • This contactor comprises a mobile unit composed of a plunger core on which is fixed a rod carrying at one of its ends a sliding mounted contact plate.
  • This plate is initially supported, in particular by the action of springs, on contacts of an electrical circuit comprising a winding resistor so that, in a first startup phase, the starter rotates at a low speed. In a second start-up phase, this same contact plate closes an electrical circuit allowing the starter to deliver its maximum torque.
  • the patent FR 2 827 341 describes an electromagnetic contactor with a power resistor to allow pre-rotation of the launcher.
  • the patent application FR 2 881 479 describes a control device of a starter with an electric motor. This comprises an inductor winding with four windings forming two groups in parallel each of two windings in series. A deferred electromagnetic switch is provided to allow, in a first phase, the activation of only one of the groups of windings and, in a second phase, the activation of the two groups of windings.
  • the invention aims in particular to solve the aforementioned drawback in a simple manner.
  • the invention thus relates to a starting device for a combustion engine, as described in claim 1.
  • the contactor has a single electrical contact element capable of closing firstly the first electrical contact and secondly the second electrical contact, these contacts can be easily arranged, if desired, in a contactor cover.
  • the presence of a single electrical contact element that pushes the first electrical contact to close the second electrical contact increases the compactness of the starting device.
  • the contactor is arranged so that, in the first phase of pre-rotation, the electrical contact element closes the first contact while the second contact is open, and in that in the second phase of full speed, the electrical contact element closes the second contact in addition to the first contact.
  • the torque developed by the electric motor is lower than that developed in the second phase of full speed.
  • the electric motor can already be at least partially supplied with an electric current for a contact winding of the contactor. This can, if necessary, result in a small rotation of the electric motor.
  • the contactor may comprise a mobile assembly arranged to move the launcher by means of a pivoting fork, the moving assembly advantageously comprising a movable core and an actuating element mounted movable relative to this movable core to the against the force exerted by an elastic return element, in particular a spring.
  • the electrical contact element may be integral with a control rod and the movable core may be arranged to be applied against the control rod so as to be able to push it. to cause the pre-rotation phase and the transition from the pre-rotation phase to the full power phase.
  • the contactor may comprise a mobile assembly arranged to move the launcher by means of a pivoting fork, the movable assembly comprising an actuating element arranged to cause the transition from the pre-rotation phase to the phase of rotation. full power.
  • the electrical contact element may be integral with a control rod and the actuating element of the moving assembly is arranged to be applied against the control rod so as to push it to cause the transition from the pre-rotation phase to the full power phase.
  • the electrical contact element comprises an electrically conductive wafer, in particular a metallic wafer.
  • This wafer may have a circular shape.
  • the second contact may comprise at least one electrical contact terminal, in particular fixed.
  • the second contact is formed by two terminals, in particular oriented 180 ° from each other.
  • These fixed terminals can be configured at least partially in a contactor cover.
  • the first contact may comprise at least one electrical contact terminal mounted on a mobile support, and the mobile support may be arranged to allow the mobile contact terminal to be moved. along the longitudinal axis by the electrical contact element between the two phases.
  • the mobile support may advantageously comprise means for returning the mobile contact terminal, in particular a spring.
  • the first contact is formed by two terminals, in particular oriented 180 ° from each other.
  • These fixed terminals can be configured at least partially in a contactor cover.
  • the device may comprise a first electrical terminal connected to a source of energy storage, in particular a battery, a second intermediate power terminal, a third electrical terminal connected to the source of power.
  • energy storage including the battery, and a fourth power terminal of full power.
  • the electrical contact element in the first pre-rotation phase, can come into contact with the first electrical terminal and the second intermediate power terminal, and, in the second phase of full power, the electrical contact can additionally come into contact with the third electrical terminal and with the fourth terminal of full power.
  • the four terminals can be arranged substantially at 90 ° to each other, in particular at least partially in a cover of the contactor.
  • the device may comprise a stator, or inductor, comprising an inductor winding, and at least one power resistor arranged so that, in the first phase of pre- rotation, the inductor winding can be electrically powered through the power resistor including to limit the peak current in the electric motor, and in the second phase at full speed, the inductor winding can be electrically powered by short-circuiting the power resistance.
  • Limiting the current peak in the electric motor makes it possible to limit a voltage drop on an onboard network of the motor vehicle.
  • the power resistance can be mounted, in particular by crimping, at least partially in a cover, in particular plastic, of the contactor.
  • the power resistance may comprise a metal support connected at least to the first electrical contact.
  • This metal support can be configured in a cover of the contactor, in particular on a circular peripheral edge of this cover.
  • This cover can be plastic, and if necessary, the metal support can be crimped hot in this cover.
  • the resistance may be formed by a portion of the inductor coil.
  • first and third electrical contact terminals can be connected to a first power resistor
  • second and fourth electrical contact terminals can be connected to a second power resistor
  • the electrical contact terminals may comprise lugs and connection portions arranged to define connecting elements with the resistors.
  • the invention makes it possible in particular to reduce the torque peak as long as the launcher is in the tooth against tooth position on the ring gear, and thus to eliminate the risk of milling.
  • the invention may also make it possible to eliminate re-openings by return of the movable core which may appear in the case of a tooth against tooth position at the time of the conjunction (in which case a voltage drop due to the peak current of the motor electrical and short-circuiting of a contact winding of this contactor can induce a lack of strength to allow the movable core to come to magnetic bonding).
  • the peak current is limited in the electric motor, which reduces the electrical wear of brushes present in the electric motor.
  • the limitation of the torque peak makes it possible to reduce the mechanical wear of the pinion against the ring gear.
  • the contactor may comprise means for slowing the displacement along the longitudinal axis of the electrical contact element between the two phases.
  • the purpose of the retarder means is to increase the time between two peaks of current until the closure of the main contact.
  • the retarder means may be arranged at least partially in a cover of the contactor, in particular in a central part of the cover.
  • the retarder means can, if desired, be formed by at least one cylinder, in particular hydraulic or pneumatic, or alternatively or in combination by a system acting without friction.
  • the retarder means can advantageously be arranged in such a way that the control rod comprising the electrical contact element can come to bear substantially against these retarder means in order to slow down the displacement of this control rod and of the electrical contact element. .
  • the transition from the pre-rotation phase to the full power phase is not too fast, and there is no risk that the full power phase begins before the pinion is fully meshed with the crown of the combustion engine.
  • the retarder means it is possible to configure the first and second electrical contacts close to each other, which reduces the compactness of the device.
  • the contactor may comprise an electrical circuit comprising a calling electrical winding and an electrical holding circuit comprising a holding electrical winding, the electric winding being able to be short circuit, especially during the joint movement of the electrical contact element and the first electrical contact between the two phases.
  • the electric circuit can include call opening and closing means of this circuit, in particular configured in a cover of the contactor.
  • the opening and closing means of the circuit may be configured in the axial extension of an electrical contact terminal forming the first electrical contact.
  • the axial displacement of this electrical contact terminal may cause the opening of the electrical circuit call.
  • the movable support of the electrical contact terminal can be arranged to open an electrical contact of the electrical circuit call.
  • the means for opening the electrical circuit can be activated before the closing of the second electrical contact, or advantageously at the same time, or even more advantageously after the closing of the second electrical contact.
  • the means for opening the electric circuit can be activated at the end of the stroke of the retarder means.
  • the invention also relates to a rotating electrical machine, including a starter or a reversible alternator of a motor vehicle, which may comprise a device as described above.
  • the invention also relates to an electromagnetic contactor for a starting device of a combustion engine according to claim 15.
  • FIG. 1 a starting device 1 for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle.
  • This device 1 comprises, firstly, a rotor 2, also called armature, rotatable about an axis X, and secondly, a stator 3, also called inductor, around the rotor 2.
  • This stator 3 comprises a yoke on which are fixed one or more pole pieces 4 for the introduction of an inductor coil 5.
  • the rotor 2 comprises a rotor body 7, and an armature winding 8 wound in notches of the rotor body 7.
  • This armature winding 8 forms, on either side of the rotor body 7, a front bun 9 and a rear bun 10.
  • the rotor 2 is provided, at the rear, with a collector 12 comprising a plurality of contact pieces electrically connected to the conductive elements, formed in the example in question by wires, of the armature winding 8.
  • a group of brushes 13 and 14 is provided for the power supply of the armature winding 8, one of the brushes 13 being connected to the ground of the device 1 and another of the brushes 14 being connected via an electrical connection element to a terminal 28 of a switch 17.
  • the brushes are for example four in number.
  • the brushes 13 and 14 rub on the collector 12 when the rotor 2 is rotating.
  • the starting device 1 further comprises a launcher 19 slidably mounted on a drive shaft 18 and drivable in rotation about the X axis by the rotor 2.
  • a gear reduction unit 20 may be interposed between the rotor 2 and the drive shaft 18, in a manner known per se.
  • the launcher 19 comprises a driving element formed by a pinion 21 and intended to engage on a drive member 33 of the combustion engine.
  • This drive member is for example a ring gear.
  • the launcher 19 further comprises a freewheel 22 and a pulley washer 23 defining between them a groove 24 for receiving the end 25 of a fork 27.
  • This fork 27 is made for example by molding a plastic material.
  • the fork 27 is actuated by the switch 17 to move the launcher 19 relative to the drive shaft 18, along the X axis, between a first position in which the launcher 19 is disengaged from the ring gear 33, and a second position in which the launcher 19 drives the combustion engine via the pinion 21.
  • the contactor 17 comprises a terminal 29 connected via an electrical connection element, in particular a wire 30, to a power supply of the vehicle, in particular a battery 26.
  • the switch 17 comprises two switches 45 and 46 forming first and second electrical contacts.
  • the first switch 45 is connected in series with two resistors 50 between the battery 26 and the inductor coil 5 of the electric motor.
  • the inductor winding 5 can therefore be put in series with two power resistors 50.
  • the switch 45 is placed between the positive terminal 29 of the contactor 17 connected to the battery 26 and an intermediate power terminal 52 connected, in this case, to the power resistors 50.
  • the switch 46 is placed, in parallel with the switch 45, between the terminal 29 connected to the battery 26 and a full power terminal 54 to be able, in this case, to bypass the power resistors 50.
  • the power resistors 50 are arranged between the intermediate power terminals 52 and full power 54.
  • the contactor 17 is arranged so that, in a pre-rotation phase, the switch 45 is closed and the switch 46 is open in order to allow the electrical supply by the battery 26 of the induction coil 5, through the resistors of power 50 so as to reduce the peak torque.
  • the invention makes it possible to reduce the torque peak as long as the launcher 19 is in the tooth against tooth position on the ring gear 33, and thus to eliminate the risk of milling.
  • the peak current can be divided by a factor of between 1 and 3, in particular by a factor of about 2.
  • the switch 17 controls the power supply of the inductor coil 5 to cause the start of the combustion engine.
  • the contactor 17 comprises a contact element 58 and electrical contact terminals 51 to 54 for respectively defining the first and second switches 45 and 46.
  • the switch 17 further comprises a movable assembly 60 arranged to move the launcher 19 via the pivoting fork 27, the moving assembly 60 comprising an actuating element 61.
  • the actuating element 61 is provided with a rod 62 fixed at one end to the fork 27 and having at its opposite end a head 63.
  • the movable assembly 60 of the contactor 17 comprises a movable core 65, the actuating element 61 being mounted therein, displaceable with respect to this movable core 65 against the force exerted by a spring 64 with turns.
  • This spring 64 is mounted around the rod 62 of the actuating element 61 and is applied at one end against the head 63 thereof.
  • the mobile core 65 is movable in the contactor 17 by the action of a magnetic field generated by a coil 41 of the contactor 17.
  • This coil 41 comprises two excitation windings, also called call and hold windings, respectively formed by a call winding 42 and a holding winding 43, as illustrated schematically in FIG. figure 2 .
  • the coil may comprise a single winding.
  • the call and hold windings 42 and 43 make it possible to generate, when each is traversed by a current, a magnetic force displacing the moving core 65 in an axial direction X, while the holding winding 43, when it is only traversed by a current, can generate a magnetic force holding the movable core 65 in position after the aforementioned displacement.
  • the electrical contact element 58 is supported integrally by a control rod 68, for example made of plastic material, and the movable core 65 is arranged to be applied against the control rod 68 so as to be able to pushing it to cause the closing of the first switch 45 and to further cause the closing of the second switch 46 when a user of the motor vehicle engages and turns the ignition key 100, as visible at figures 2 and 3 .
  • the switch 17 further comprises a fixed core 72 interposed between the contact element 58 and the movable core 65, a coil spring 73, also called a return spring, allowing, at least when the contactor is at rest, apply the electrical contact element 58 against the fixed core 72 of the contactor 17.
  • the spring 73 is disposed in a plastic cover 80 of the contactor 17.
  • This spring 73 is further carried by a retarder means 90 arranged to slow the displacement of the electrical contact element 58 by slowing the displacement of the control rod 68.
  • the retarder means 90 may for example use a cylinder system, for example hydraulic or pneumatic, and be partially inserted into a cavity 81 made in a central part of the cover 80.
  • This retarder means 90 has a stepped shape for receiving the spring 73.
  • the retarder means 90 extends longitudinally along the X axis on either side of a bottom 82 of the cover 80, that is to say both outside the cover 80 and in an interior space 83 of this hood 80.
  • the control rod 68 carrying the contact element 58 is able, when moving between the two phases, to bear against one end of the retarder means 90 located in the interior space 83 of the cover 80.
  • control rod 68 has an end in substantially permanent contact with the aforementioned end of the retarder means 90.
  • the contact element 58 is applied against terminals 53 and 54 visible to the figure 4 , in addition to terminals 51 and 52 visible to the figure 3 .
  • the switch 17 is arranged so that the second switch 46 is in the open state as the launcher 19 is in position tooth against tooth on the drive ring 33 of the combustion engine.
  • the contact terminals 51 to 54 are arranged in the plastic cover 80 of the contactor 17, as illustrated in FIGS. Figures 3 and 4 .
  • each terminal 51 and 52 is mounted on a mobile support 92 inserted in a cavity 84 of the cover 80.
  • the mobile support 92 is arranged to allow each terminal 51 and 52 to be movable along the axis X, that is to say that it is movable relative to the cover 80 against the force exerted by a spring 93 with turns.
  • This spring 93 is mounted around an axis 94 disposed within the movable support 92 is applied at one end against it.
  • the contact element 68 comes into contact with the terminals 51 and 52 by being braked by the retarder means 90, then, between the two phases, continues its travel by pushing the terminals 51 and 52 being always braked by the retarder means 90, until this contact element 58 also comes into contact during the second phase with the terminals 53 and 54, which are fixed in the cover 80.
  • each of the terminals 51 and 52 has a flat lug 56 which is extended by a connection portion 57 connected to one end of one of the two resistors 50.
  • Each resistor 50 is formed of a metal cylindrical support disposed against a peripheral rim 85 of cylindrical shape of the cover 80.
  • This cylindrical metal support can be heat set with the plastic cover 80.
  • the terminal 51 is connected to a first resistor 50, itself connected to the terminal 53, and the terminal 52 is connected to a second resistor 50, itself connected to the terminal 54.
  • the electrical contact element 58 comprises an electrically conductive circular wafer, which allows this circular wafer to bear simultaneously on the terminals 51 and 53 to close the first switch 45, and simultaneously on the terminals 52 and 54 to close the first switch 46.
  • terminals 51 to 54 are respectively arranged at 90 ° to each other on the cover bottom 80, which makes it possible to ensure contact between the circular plate 58 and the four terminals 51 to 54 during the closing the second switch 46.
  • the call winding 42 of the coil 41 of the contactor 17 is short-circuited once the first and second switches 45 and 46 closed in particular to ensure the absence of reopening by recoil of the mobile core 65 .
  • the contactor 17 comprises means 95 enabling the opening of a third switch 47, these means 95 being arranged in a cavity 86 of the cover 80 made in the axial extension of the contact terminal 51, as visible in FIG. figure 2 .
  • the displacement along the X axis of the terminal 51 when pushed by the wafer 68 causes the opening of the switch 47, and thus the short circuit of the call winding 42.
  • the opening of the switch 47 is performed at the moment when the wafer 58 comes into contact with the terminals 53 and 54 causing the phase of full speed.
  • the opening of the third switch can be performed when the retarder means reaches the end of the race.
  • the wafer 58 is substantially against the fixed core 72, corresponding to the open state of the switches 45 and 46.
  • the moving assembly 60 moves back slightly towards the fixed core 72 under the effect of the magnetic field exerted by the coils of the contactor 17.
  • the fork 27 is applied against the freewheel 22.
  • the pinion 21 of the launcher 19 bears against tooth against tooth on the ring gear 33.
  • the gear 21 of the launcher 19 remains in the tooth against tooth position on the ring gear 33.
  • the movable core 65 moves back against the control rod 68 carrying the plate 58, which rod 68 is moved backwards by being braked by the retarder means 90. This rearward movement causes the first switch 45 to close thanks to the plate 58 which comes resting on terminals 51 and 52.
  • the second switch 46 is always open.
  • the gear 21 of the launcher 19 remains in the tooth against tooth position with the ring gear 33.
  • the movable core continues to move back and push the control rod 68, still braked by the retarder 90.
  • control rod 68 pushes the plate 58 as well as the terminals 51 and 52.
  • the pinion 21 of the launcher 19 engages in the ring gear 33 and the actuating element 61 moves back relative to the movable core 65.
  • the movable core continues to move back and push the control rod 68, still braked by the retarder 90.
  • control rod 68 pushes the wafer 58 and the terminals 51 and 52 until the wafer 58 bears on the terminals 53 and 54.
  • the second switch 46 is then closed.
  • the actuating element 61 and the control rod 68 move back to an end position corresponding to the end of travel of the retarder means 90.
  • the spring 73 is further compressed.
  • the device may not include means for opening and closing the call circuit.
  • the figure 8 shows the voltage drop of a conventional contactor C1 and the voltage drop of a contactor according to the invention C2, the specifications of the The customer is now having a higher voltage than L.
  • a resistor 51, 52 is chosen such that the voltage drop d1 remains greater than L.
  • the damper 90 is chosen so that the second contact or main contact 53, 54 closes with a delay ⁇ t with respect to the first conatct 51, 52. This delay ⁇ t is defined so that the first two successive voltage drop d1 and d2 is of the same level.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Anlassvorrichtung (1) für einen Verbrennungsmotor, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug, umfassend:
    - einen Starter (19), der derart angeordnet ist, dass er den Verbrennungsmotor insbesondere mit Hilfe eines Kranzes (33) anlässt,
    - einen Elektromotor, der derart angeordnet ist, dass er den Starter (19) in Drehung antreibt,
    - einen Kontaktschalter (17), der eine Längsachse (X) aufweist und umfasst:
    * einen ersten beweglichen elektrischen Kontakt (45),
    * einen zweiten elektrischen Kontakt (46),
    * ein bewegliches elektrisches Kontaktelement (58), wobei das elektrische Kontaktelement (58) derart angeordnet ist, dass es die elektrische Versorgung des Elektromotors steuert, die es diesem ermöglicht, nacheinander in einer ersten Vordrehphase, in der das elektrische Kontaktelement (58) den ersten beweglichen elektrischen Kontakt (45) schließt, und einer zweiten Volllaufphase zu funktionieren, in der das elektrische Kontaktelement (58) den zweiten elektrischen Kontakt (46) schließt,
    wobei sich das Kontaktelement (58) und der erste elektrische Kontakt (45) gemeinsam entlang der Längsachse (X) zwischen den beiden Phasen verschieben können,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine erste bewegliche elektrische Klemme (51), die mit einer Energiespeicherquelle (26), insbesondere einer Batterie, verbunden ist, eine zweite bewegliche Zwischenleistungsklemme (52), eine dritte elektrische Klemme (53), die mit der Energiespeicherquelle (26), insbesondere der Batterie, verbunden ist, und eine vierte elektrische Vollleistungsklemme (54) umfasst, und dadurch, dass in der ersten Vordrehphase das elektrische Kontaktelement (58) den ersten beweglichen elektrischen Kontakt (45) schließt, wobei es mit der ersten elektrischen Klemme (51) und der zweiten Zwischenleistungsklemme (52) in Kontakt kommt, und dadurch, dass in der zweiten Volllaufphase das elektrische Kontaktelement (58) den zweiten elektrischen Kontakt (46) schließt, wobei es zusätzlich mit der dritten elektrischen Klemme (53) und mit der vierten Vollleistungsklemme (54) in Kontakt kommt.
  2. Vorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 1, bei der die vier Klemmen (51, 52, 53, 54) im Wesentlichen 90° zueinander insbesondere zumindest teilweise in einer Kappe (80) des Kontaktschalters (17) angeordnet sind.
  3. Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das elektrische Kontaktelement (58) eine, insbesondere kreisförmige, Platte umfasst.
  4. Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zweite Kontakt (46) mindestens eine insbesondere feste elektrische Kontaktklemme (53, 54) umfasst.
  5. Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens die erste oder die zweite elektrische Kontaktklemme (51, 52) auf einem beweglichen Träger (92) montiert ist, und dadurch, dass der Träger (92) derart angeordnet ist, dass er es der beweglichen Kontaktklemme (51, 52) ermöglicht, entlang der Längsachse (X) durch das elektrische Kontaktelement (58) zwischen den beiden Phasen verschoben zu werden.
  6. Vorrichtung nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der bewegliche Träger (92) Rückstellmittel (93) der beweglichen Kontaktklemme, insbesondere eine Feder, umfasst.
  7. Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, umfassend einen Stator (3) oder Induktor, umfassend eine Induktionswicklung (5), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (1) mindestens einen Leistungswiderstand (50) umfasst, der derart angeordnet ist, dass in der ersten Vordrehphase die Induktionswicklung (5) elektrisch über den Leistungswiderstand (50) versorgt wird, insbesondere um die Stromspitze im Elektromotor zu begrenzen, und dadurch, dass in der zweiten Volllaufphase die Induktionswicklung (5) elektrisch versorgt wird, wobei der Leistungswiderstand (50) kurzgeschlossen wird und wobei der Leistungswiderstand (50) insbesondere durch Einfassen zumindest teilweise in einer Kappe (80), insbesondere aus Kunststoff, des Kontaktschalters (17) montiert ist.
  8. Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kontaktschalter (17) derart angeordnet ist, dass der zweite elektrische Kontakt (46) in einem offenen Zustand ist, solange das Ritzel (21) des Starters (17) in einer Zahn-an-Zahn-Position auf dem Antriebskranz (33) des Verbrennungsmotors ist.
  9. Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie Mittel (90) umfasst, um die Verschiebung des elektrischen Kontaktelements (58) zwischen den beiden Phasen entlang der Längsachse (X) zu verzögern.
  10. Vorrichtung (1) nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verzögerungsmittel (90) zumindest teilweise in einer Kappe (80) des Kontaktschalters (17) angeordnet sind.
  11. Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kontaktschalter (17) eine elektrische Rufschaltung, umfassend eine elektrische Rufwicklung, und eine elektrische Halteschaltung, umfassend eine elektrische Haltewicklung, umfasst, wobei die elektrische Rufwicklung insbesondere bei der gemeinsamen Verschiebung des elektrischen Kontaktelements (58) und des ersten elektrischen Kontakts (45) zwischen den beiden Phasen kurzgeschlossen werden kann, und bei der die elektrische Rufschaltung Mittel zum Öffnen und Schließen (95) dieser Schaltung umfasst, die insbesondere in einer Kappe (80) des Kontaktschalters (17) ausgebildet sind.
  12. Elektrische Drehmaschine, insbesondere ein Anlasser oder ein reversibler Starter eines Kraftfahrzeugs, umfassend eine Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche.
  13. Verfahren zum Anlassen eines Verbrennungsmotors, insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs, mit Hilfe einer Anlassvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, die mit einem Elektromotor versehen ist, dessen elektrische Versorgung durch das elektrische Kontaktelement (58) gesteuert wird, das geeignet ist, den ersten beweglichen elektrischen Kontakt (45) und dann den zweiten festen elektrischen Kontakt (46) zu schließen, wobei die Anlassvorrichtung (1) ferner einen Starter (19) umfasst, der geeignet ist, in einen Zahnkranz (33) einzugreifen, der mit dem Verbrennungsmotor verbunden ist, wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
    - in einer ersten Vordrehphase die Steuerung der Funktion des Elektromotors mit einer begrenzten elektrischen Leistung,
    - dann in einer zweiten Volllaufphase, die erst beginnt, wenn der Starter (19) in dem Zahnkranz (33) über die Zahn-an-Zahn-Position hinaus in Eingriff ist, die Steuerung der Funktion des Elektromotors mit voller Drehzahl.
  14. Verfahren nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, wobei die Vorrichtung (1) eine elektrische Rufschaltung, umfassend eine elektrische Rufwicklung, und eine elektrische Halteschaltung, umfassend eine elektrische Haltewicklung, umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verfahren den folgenden Zwischenschritt umfasst:
    - beim Übergang von der ersten Phase in die zweite Phase die Öffnung der elektrischen Rufschaltung.
  15. Elektromagnetischer Schalter (17) für eine Anlassvorrichtung eines Verbrennungsmotors, insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug, umfassend:
    - eine bewegliche Einheit (60), die geeignet ist, eine Steuerstange (68), auf der ein elektrisches Kontaktelement (58) vorgesehen ist, entlang einer Längsachse (X) zu verschieben,
    - zwei elektrische Hilfskontaktklemmen (51, 52), die geeignet sind, einen ersten elektrischen Kontakt (45) zu bilden, wenn das elektrische Kontaktelement (58) im Wesentlichen an diesen beiden Hilfsklemmen (51, 52) aufliegt, wobei es sie elektrisch verbindet, und
    - zwei elektrische Hauptkontaktklemmen (53, 54), die geeignet sind, einen zweiten elektrischen Kontakt (46) zu bilden, wenn das elektrische Kontaktelement (58) im Wesentlichen an diesen beiden Hauptklemmen (53, 54) aufliegt, wobei es sie elektrisch verbindet,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kontaktschalter derart vorgesehen ist, dass die beiden Hilfsklemmen (51, 52) durch das elektrische Kontaktelement (58) entlang der Längsachse (X) zwischen einer Position, in der das elektrische Kontaktelement (58) im Wesentlichen an den Hilfsklemmen (51, 52) aufliegt, und einer Position, in der das elektrische Kontaktelement (58) ferner im Wesentlichen an den Hauptklemmen (53, 54) aufliegt, verschiebbar sind.
EP10159084.2A 2009-04-07 2010-04-06 Anlassvorrichtung für Verbrennungsmotor, insbesondere von Kraftfahrzeugen Not-in-force EP2239455B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0952275A FR2944067B1 (fr) 2009-04-07 2009-04-07 Dispositif de demarrage pour moteur a combustion interne, notamment de vehicule automobile.

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EP2239455A1 EP2239455A1 (de) 2010-10-13
EP2239455B1 true EP2239455B1 (de) 2015-08-26

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DE102011076534A1 (de) * 2011-05-26 2012-11-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Startvorrichtung
DE102011076743B4 (de) * 2011-05-30 2023-09-21 Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh Starterrelais für Startvorrichtungen von Brennkraftmaschinen
DE102011078259A1 (de) * 2011-06-29 2013-01-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Schalter
DE102012207739B3 (de) * 2012-05-09 2013-10-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Schaltrelais für Kraftfahrzeugstarter, Kraftfahrzeugstarter mit Schaltrelais sowie Verfahren zum Starten eines Kraftfahrzeugs
DE102012215344A1 (de) * 2012-08-29 2014-03-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Starterrelais
US11408326B2 (en) * 2018-07-12 2022-08-09 Briggs & Stratton, Llc Internal combustion engine with electric starting system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL173300C (nl) 1972-03-03 Ducellier & Cie Inrichting voor het bedienen van de electrische startmotor van een verbrandingsmotor.
FR2795883B1 (fr) * 1999-06-30 2001-10-05 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Procede d'entrainement progressif d'un contacteur de demarreur de vehicule automobile
DE10008256A1 (de) * 2000-02-23 2001-09-06 Bosch Gmbh Robert Schaltkontakt für einen Startermotor
FR2827341B1 (fr) * 2001-07-10 2004-03-26 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Demarreur pour vehicule automobile
US6923152B2 (en) * 2002-12-10 2005-08-02 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Engine starter
FR2881479B1 (fr) 2005-02-02 2010-09-10 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Dispositif de commande d'un demarreur de moteur thermique, notamment de vehicule automobile et demarreur comportant un tel dispositif
US7373908B2 (en) * 2006-08-29 2008-05-20 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Reduced noise engine start-stop system using traditional crank device

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FR2944067A1 (fr) 2010-10-08
FR2944067B1 (fr) 2016-01-22

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