EP2226449A2 - Formwork device and method for creating an opening when casting a component - Google Patents

Abstract

The device (4) has transverse reinforcement elements (6, 7) allowing subsequent fastening of tensile stress compensating elements (3) i.e. Isokorb(RTM: heat-insulating load-bearing element) in an area of a recess by filling a curing and/or curable filler i.e. concrete, where the device is designed in form of box elements (4.1-4.3). The device is made of cardboard, polystyrene and metallic material in form of an elongated metal or sheet metal grid. The box elements (4.1, 4.3) are comprised of box parts (4.1a, 4.1b, 4.3a, 4.3b), where a separating line (5) runs between the box parts. An independent claim is also included for a method for creating the recess.

Description

The present invention relates to a formwork device according to the preamble of patent claim 1 for creating a recess during casting of a component, in particular of in-situ concrete.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 14 for creating a recess during the casting of a component, in particular of in-situ concrete.

In the field of building construction, it regularly happens that a further element which can be loaded on a train is to be connected laterally to a component cast in particular of cast-in-place concrete, such as a concrete floor or the like. A first approach provides in particular to introduce a number of holes in the cast component and then anchor the element in question in the holes. On the one hand, however, this procedure has proved to be relatively complicated and, on the other hand, it is limited with regard to the tensile forces that can be absorbed.

Another approach provides to properly position the tensile forces receiving element prior to casting of the component and then at least partially encapsulate in the manufacture of the component. This approach allows the absorption of higher tensile forces, but it comes - if the elements are to be provided for example on a building outside - regularly to a projection of at least parts of the element in question, which in particular makes it difficult to make a scaffolding or even impossible.

There is therefore a need for a solution which allows tensile forces receiving elements later, that is after completion of the component to set this without the introduction of holes would be required in the component or without causing a projection with respect to the component.

The invention has for its object to further develop a formwork device of the type mentioned above or a method of the type mentioned in that the subsequent setting of a tensile forces receiving element is made possible on a cast component without the introduction of holes and without respect to the component protruding elements ,

The object is achieved by a shuttering device having the features of patent claim 1 and by a method having the features of patent claim 14.

Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of subclaims, the wording of which is hereby included by express reference in the description in order to avoid unnecessary repetition of text.

According to the invention, a shuttering device for creating a recess during the casting of a component, in particular cast-in-situ concrete, characterized by means which allow subsequent determination of a tensile element receiving element in the region of the recess by filling a hardening and / or settable filler, in particular concrete.

Furthermore, a method according to the invention for creating a recess during the casting of a component, in particular of cast-in-situ concrete, is characterized by the following method steps: delimiting a region corresponding to the recess by means of a formwork, in particular using a shuttering device according to the invention; Arranging means, in particular at least one reinforcing element, which allow subsequent determination of a tensile elements receiving element in the region of the recess by filling a hardenable and / or settable filler, in particular concrete, wherein the means in particular through the formwork on the one hand within the demarcated area and on the other hand outside the delimited area extending in the direction of the component; and casting the component outside the formwork.

The tensile forces receiving element according to the language of the present description is in particular an element of the Isokorb® type from the applicant's own house. In order to subsequently connect this in a manner with the component which is suitable to absorb tensile forces, the shuttering device according to the invention is used to provide during casting of the component a recess in which the tensile forces receiving element is subsequently fixed by at least partially in the recess is used and then by the recess is filled with a hardening and / or settable filler.

According to the invention, the formwork device in a novel way comprises special means which make it possible for the element to be fixed or finally to actually absorb tensile forces.

In a first development of the formwork apparatus according to the invention, it is provided for this purpose that the formwork apparatus is substantially in the form of a box and that the means comprise at least one breakthrough or at least one set breakthrough in at least one wall of the box through which breakthrough at least one Reinforcement element of the component in the free space within the box is insertable.

The development described above makes use of the fact that reinforcement elements, in particular of metal (steel), in the form of reinforcing bars or the like, are regularly provided within the component in the production of components made of in-situ concrete. If now the shuttering device has at least one (nominal) breakthrough, such a reinforcing element can be inserted into the free space inside the same during the positioning of the shuttering device, whereby subsequently a filling loadable connection can be formed during the filling of the hardening filler material in the region of the recess.

Of course, the shuttering device may have a plurality of such (predetermined) openings in order to introduce a corresponding number of reinforcing elements in the space within the box can.

The mentioned reinforcement elements may be transverse and / or longitudinal reinforcement elements of the component. These can be straight and / or angled. The (nominal) breakthroughs of the formwork device are then designed or arranged accordingly.

Another development of the shuttering device according to the invention provides that a number of (nominal) openings of the shuttering device are arranged in at least two mutually opposite walls of the shuttering device designed as a box. If the openings mentioned are arranged symmetrically aligned in a common plane, they are particularly suitable for performing straight reinforcing elements of the component by the formwork device. The aforementioned straight reinforcing elements may in particular be transverse reinforcing elements of the component.

On the other hand, another development of the formwork apparatus according to the invention provides that the (predetermined) apertures are arranged in at least two adjacent box walls, for example a side wall and the bottom of the box. It can further be provided that the said openings are arranged symmetrically to each other, the term "symmetry" in this context, the number and the relative positioning of the (desired) breakthroughs describes each other. In this way, the formwork device is particularly suitable for performing angled reinforcing elements of the component through the box.

In order in particular to facilitate the implementation of reinforcing elements by the formwork device both in the transverse and in the longitudinal direction or even to allow, yet another embodiment of the formwork device according to the invention provides that the box is composed of at least two box parts, which in particular hinged together could be. In this case, the dividing line between the box parts preferably extends in the plane in which arranged the (nominal) openings are as described above. Most preferably, even all (predetermined) breakthroughs in the side walls of the box are arranged at least substantially in a common plane.

A fundamentally different aspect of the formwork device according to the invention is characterized in that the means are not in the form of (predetermined) openings, but themselves comprise at least one projecting structure, which on the one hand in the free space within the Protruding box and on the other hand protrudes from the outer surface of the box to the outside in the direction of the component. In other words, in the context of the above-described embodiment of the shuttering device according to the invention, it is no longer necessary to insert reinforcing elements of the component into or through the shuttering device, but the shuttering device itself has at least one corresponding reinforcement element which extends both inwardly into the shuttering device as well as projecting outward in the direction of the component and is cast accordingly in the casting of the component in this area.

Advantageously, said projecting structure has a smaller dimension than a corresponding dimension of the free space within the box and, in particular, does not extend out of the free space within the box, which could otherwise lead to the supernatant problem described above.

A preferred embodiment of the formwork device according to the invention provides that it is formed in cardboard or the like. Most preferably, the cardboard material of the formwork device is at least partially impregnated or coated moisture-repellent.

Alternatively, the formwork device can also be formed in a plastic, preferably polystyrene.

Another development of the formwork device according to the invention provides that it is formed in a metallic material and in this Connection in particular takes the form of a sheet metal grid or expanded metal.

In order to improve the connection between the shuttering device on the one hand and the component material and or the filling material on the other hand, provides another development of the shuttering device according to the invention that this at least partially and in particular on its outer side, which faces the component, a defined roughness for connecting to the Component has. This can be done in particular by providing the coating already mentioned above.

As one skilled in the art will appreciate, it is not necessary, in particular when designing the formwork device in an easily workable material, such as cardboard or plastic, to fix fixed positions for the (nominal) openings at all. Rather, depending on the number, type and position of the reinforcement elements, these can be flexibly generated on site.

Figur 1

zeigt schematisch die Verwendung einer erfindungsgemäßen Schalungsvorrichtung bei der Herstellung eines aus Ortbeton gegossenen Bauteils;

Figur 2

zeigt einen Schnitt etwa entlang der Linie II-II in Figur 1;

Figur 3

zeigt einen Schnitt etwa entlang der Linie III-III in Figur 1; und

Figur 4

zeigt die Schalungsvorrichtung aus Figur 1 in einem getrennten Zustand und vor Einbringen eines Zugkräfte aufnehmenden Elements.

Further advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing.

FIG. 1

shows schematically the use of a shuttering device according to the invention in the manufacture of cast in situ concrete component;

FIG. 2

shows a section approximately along the line II-II in FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 3

shows a section approximately along the line III-III in FIG. 1 ; and

FIG. 4

shows the shuttering device FIG. 1 in a disconnected state and prior to introduction of a tensile force receiving element.

In all figures, identical or equivalent elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

In FIG. 1 is a cast component, for example a concrete ceiling, which is specially produced from cast-in-situ concrete or is to be produced. Alternatively, reference numeral 1 may also indicate only that area of space, in which the component concerned is to be produced by casting, in particular cast-in-situ concrete.

On one side of the component 1, which in FIG. 1 denoted by reference numeral 2, a recess (not designated as such) to be created in the subsequently, that is after manufacture of the component 1, a tensile forces receiving element 3 can be fixed by the tensile forces receiving element 3 at least partially inserted into the recess and this is then filled with a hardening and / or settable filler, in particular concrete.

The tensile forces receiving element 3 is in the case of the embodiment according to FIG. 1 to several individual elements of the type Isokorb® from the house of the applicant, of which in the illustration according to FIG. 1 each a number of reinforcing elements 3a and the component 1 facing the insulating element 3b can be seen.

To create the recess, the use of a special formwork device 4 is provided in the context of the present invention, whose design will be discussed in more detail below.

The formwork device 4 is according to FIG. 1 formed from a plurality of box or cuboidal elements 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, wherein the box 4.2 corresponding further element (4.4) below the box 4.3 for illustrative reasons is not recognizable. The larger box elements 4.1, 4.3 are identical and arranged side by side so that their two short end faces (4.1a, 4.3a) are aligned with the front edge 1a of the component 1. The further box elements 4.2 have, at least in one spatial direction, a smaller dimension than the box elements 4.1, 4.3. The former are arranged side by side and below the box elements 4.1, 4.3 such that they are aligned with one of their sides 4.2a over the entire common end face 4.1a, 4.3a of the box elements 4.1, 4.3 with the front edge 1a of the component 1, so that overall an L-shaped cross-sectional profile of the shuttering device 4 results, without the invention being limited to such a type of arrangement of box elements or such a form of shuttering device.

The box elements 4.1, 4.3 are each composed of an upper box part 4.1b, 4.3b and a lower box part 4.1c, 4.3c, wherein the upper and lower box parts are joined together along a parting line 5.

From the area of the component 1, reinforcing elements 6, 7 extend into the recess area defined by the shuttering device 4, which will be described later on the basis of FIG FIGS. 2 to 4 will be discussed in more detail. The reinforcing elements 6 are so-called transverse reinforcements, while the reinforcing elements 7 are so-called longitudinal reinforcements.

At the front edge 1a of the component 1, an additional (building) insulation 8 can be seen laterally of the insulating elements 3b, which, however, plays no role in the context of the present invention. In FIG. 3 at 9 a masonry building exterior wall is shown, on which the formed as a concrete ceiling component 1 rests.

FIG. 2 shows a section approximately along the line II-II in FIG. 1 , However, in the illustration according to FIG. 2 only one upper box element 4.1, 4.3 and only one lower box element 4.2, 4.4 are shown. Well recognizable in FIG. 2 a transverse reinforcement element 6 and a number of longitudinal reinforcement elements 7, which are angled downwards at their rear end 7a and extend into the region of the lower box element 4.2, 4.3. In the case of reference symbol 3a, reinforcing elements of the tensile-force-absorbing element 3 are again shown (cf. FIG. 1 ).

FIG. 3 shows a sectional view approximately along the line III-III in FIG. 1 , In FIG. 3 the course of the transverse reinforcement elements 7 and the course of the reinforcing elements 3a of the tensile forces receiving element 3 in the region of the recess is particularly well visible. The reinforcing elements 6, 7 extend according to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 from the region of the component 1 into the region of the recess defined by the shuttering device 4 or, in the case of the transverse reinforcement elements 6, even completely through the region of the recess.

The reinforcing elements 3 a of the tensile forces receiving element 3 are also arranged in the region defined by the shuttering device 4 recess in the component 1, so that the element 3 after filling the recess with a hardening and / or settable filler, such as concrete, actually for receiving Tensile forces is suitable.

By providing several box elements 4.1 - 4.4 next to or above each other (see. FIG. 1 ) can be basically create recesses of any shape and / or size, so that virtually any and in particular any numbers of tensile forces receiving elements 3 are subsequently fixed to the component 1.

The present invention offers the significant advantage that due to the created recess the subsequent setting of the tensile forces receiving elements is made possible in the first place, so that initially in the production of the component 1 no elements protrude beyond the front edge 1a. This is particularly important in the field of building construction of crucial importance, if it is the component 1, for example, a concrete ceiling, then in the area of the component leading edge 1a, for example, to position a scaffold, without causing obstruction by protruding reinforcing elements such the reinforcing elements 3a according to FIG. 1 , would come.

FIG. 4 As can be seen in particular in the box element 4.2, 4.4, the formwork device 4 has a number of openings 10, with which it is threaded onto the (angled) ends 7a of the longitudinal reinforcement elements 7, so that the said ends extend into the interior of the box member 4.2, 4.4. Also on the box element 4.1, 4.3 are provided around corresponding openings 10 for the insertion of the reinforcing elements 6, 7, of which in the present case for reasons of clarity, only a few examples are referred to. The openings 10 for the transverse reinforcement elements 6 are arranged in alignment with one another in opposite side walls of the box element 4.1, 4.3, as in FIG FIG. 4 shown. For the longitudinal reinforcement elements 7 are openings 10 in adjacent walls (here: side wall and bottom) of the box element 4.1, 4.3, so that the Longitudinal reinforcing elements 7 can be inserted laterally into the box 4.1, 4.3 and then then with their angled ends 7a at the bottom of the box 4.1, 4.3 in the area corresponding apertures 10 emerge again, then enter the box 4.2, 4.4, as already described. However, it would also be possible within the scope of the invention to design the upper box 4.1, 4.3 in such a way that the longitudinal reinforcement elements 7 are completely accommodated with their ends 7a. Then the further box 4.2, 4.4 would be dispensable.

In order to be able to arrange the formwork device 4, in particular the box elements 4.1, 4.3 correspondingly before production of the component 1 but after arrangement of the reinforcement 6, 7, it is a special relief if the box elements 4.1, 4.3 - as shown - separable at the parting line 5 are, so that first the lower box part 4.1 c, 4.3 c threaded from below onto the angled ends of the longitudinal reinforcement elements 7 and brought into abutment with the now approximately halved openings 10 of the reinforcement plane from below against the transverse reinforcement elements 6. Subsequently, the upper box part 4.1b, 4.3b is placed so as to form together with the lower box part 4.1 c, 4.3c the box element 4.1, 4.3, as in FIG. 4 shown. This is held by the reinforcing elements 6, 7 in position. Subsequently, the box element 4.2, 4.4 threaded in the manner shown on the angled ends 7a of the longitudinal reinforcement elements 7.

The openings 10 may already be formed in advance in the formwork device 4. Alternatively, it is possible to provide a number of desired openings in the side walls of the formwork device 4, which can then be opened depending on the position and / or geometry of the reinforcing elements 6, 7 to the openings 10.

If the formwork device 4 is formed from a readily workable material, such as cardboard or plastic (polystyrene), even the provision of desired breakthroughs can be dispensed with, and the apertures 10 are made on site with the aid of a suitable tool (knife, screwdriver or The like) completely flexible depending on the request generated.

After the shuttering device 4, as described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 described, was formed or arranged in the region of the component to be cast 1, the area 1 according to FIG. 1 poured out, in particular with in-situ concrete. In the edge region of the component 1 remains in this way a recess with the shape defined by the shuttering device 4, within which the reinforcing elements 6, 7 on the one hand at least partially exposed, while they are poured into the other part 1. If the formwork device 4, that is, the box elements 4.1-4.4 is not designed to be open to the outside in the area of the component front edge 1a, then the formwork material is removed at least in this area, and the tensile element receiving element 3 can with its reinforcing elements 3a be introduced into the area of the recess. This is then filled with a hardening and / or settable filler, in particular concrete, so that there is a load-bearing connection between the element 3 and the component 1 in the region of the (former) recess.

Various modifications of the exemplary embodiments according to the FIGS. 1 to 4 are possible without departing from the objects of the present invention according to the appended claim.

For example, the reinforcing elements 6, 7 need not be reinforcing elements of the component 1, but the reinforcing elements 6, 7 may be part of the formwork device 4. They are then connected directly to the side walls of the box elements 4.1, 4.3 in the form and arrangement described above. In this way, eliminating the sometimes cumbersome threading through the reinforcing elements 6, 7 by the shuttering device 4th

Furthermore, the formwork device 4 need not consist of a plurality of box elements, but they may be formed in one piece and in virtually any geometry, as long as their use, the desired recess for setting a tensile forces receiving element is created.

In addition, in particular the reinforcing elements 6, 7 are not limited to the shape, arrangement and extension shown in the figures by way of example.

As already stated, it may be advantageous if the formwork device 4 is designed to be open on its side arranged on the component front edge 1a, that is to say the box elements 4.1, 4.3 or 4.2, 4.4 have no side wall 4.1a, 4.3a, or 4.2a, 4.4a. In this way, it is no longer necessary, after the casting of the component 1 and before the introduction of the tensile forces receiving element 3 form a corresponding opening in the shuttering device 4, which can be particularly troublesome when the shuttering device 4 according to a particular embodiment of the present Invention in a metallic material, preferably in the manner of an expanded metal or sheet metal grid is formed.

Claims (16)

Shuttering device (4) for creating a recess during the casting of a component (1), in particular cast-in-place concrete, characterized by means (6, 7, 10), the subsequent setting of a tensile forces receiving element (3) in the region of the recess by filling a curing and / or settable filler, in particular concrete. Shuttering device (4) according to claim 1, characterized in that the shuttering device (4) substantially in the form of a box (4.1-4.4) is formed and that the means at least one opening (10) or at least one predetermined breakdown in at least one box wall comprise, by which at least one reinforcing element (6, 7) of the component (1) in the free space within the box (4.1-4.4) can be inserted. Shuttering device (4) according to claim 2, characterized in that openings (10) or predetermined openings in at least two opposing box walls are arranged symmetrically aligned in a common plane, in particular for performing straight reinforcing elements (6) of the component (1) the box (4.1, 4.3). Shuttering device (4) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that openings (10) or predetermined openings in at least two adjacent box walls, such as a side wall and a bottom, are arranged symmetrically to each other, in particular for performing angled reinforcing elements (7) of Component (1) through the box (4.1, 4.3). Shuttering device (4) according to at least one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the box (4.1, 4.3) is composed of at least two, in particular hinged, box parts (4.1a, 4.1b; 4.3a, 4.3b), the separating line ( 5) extends between the box parts (4.1a, 4.1b, 4.3a, 4.3b) in the plane according to claim 3. Shuttering device (4) according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the shuttering device (4) substantially in the form of a box (4.1-4.4) is formed and that the means comprise at least one projecting structure (6, 7), on the one hand into the free space inside the box (4.1-4.4) projects and on the other hand from the outer surface of the box (4.1-4.4) outwardly in the direction of the component (1) protrudes. Shuttering device (4) according to claim 6, characterized in that the projecting structure is designed as a particular angled reinforcing element (6, 7). Shuttering device (4) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the projecting structure with respect to a corresponding dimension of the free space within the box (4.1-4.4) has a Lesser measures and in particular not from the free space within the box (4.1-4.4) out extends. Shuttering device (4) according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the shuttering device (4) is formed in cardboard or the like. Shuttering device (4) according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the shuttering device (4) in a plastic, preferably polystyrene, is formed. Shuttering device (4) according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the shuttering device (4) in a metallic material, preferably in the form of a sheet metal grid or expanded metal, is formed. Shuttering device (4) according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the shuttering device (4) is at least partially impregnated in particular moisture repellent and / or coated. Shuttering device (4) according to at least one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the shuttering device (4) at least partially, in particular on its the component (1) facing outside, a defined roughness for connection to the component (1), in particular by providing the coating according to claim 12. Method for creating a recess during the casting of a component (1), in particular of cast-in-situ concrete, characterized by the following method steps: Delimiting a region corresponding to the recess by means of a formwork, in particular using the formwork device (4) according to one of the preceding claims; Arranging means, in particular at least one reinforcing element (6, 7), which allow subsequent setting of a tensile element receiving element (3) in the region of the recess by filling a hardening and / or settable filler, in particular concrete, wherein the means (6 , 7) extend within the delimited area, in particular through the formwork, and outside the demarcated area in the direction of the component (1); and - Casting the component (1) outside the formwork. A method according to claim 14, characterized in that said means are at least one reinforcing element (6, 7) of the component (1), which is introduced into the free space inside the recess before casting of the component (1) and / or is performed by the free space within the recess, in particular by at least one component (4.1-4.4) of the formwork is pushed onto the reinforcing element (6, 7). A method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that when creating the formwork at least one component (4.1-4.4) of the formwork with a projecting structure (6, 7) is used, which on the one hand in the space inside the formwork and on the other hand of the Formwork to the outside in the direction of the component (1) extends.

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