EP2963205B1 - Device for formwork - Google Patents
Device for formwork Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2963205B1 EP2963205B1 EP15400029.3A EP15400029A EP2963205B1 EP 2963205 B1 EP2963205 B1 EP 2963205B1 EP 15400029 A EP15400029 A EP 15400029A EP 2963205 B1 EP2963205 B1 EP 2963205B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- formwork
- elements
- reinforcement
- skin
- holding element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 title claims description 117
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 106
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/06—Tying means; Spacers ; Devices for extracting or inserting wall ties
- E04G17/064—Spacers placed on the bottom of the mould
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/16—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups
- E04C5/168—Spacers connecting parts for reinforcements and spacing the reinforcements from the form
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/16—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups
- E04C5/20—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups of material other than metal or with only additional metal parts, e.g. concrete or plastics spacers with metal binding wires
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G13/00—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills
- E04G13/04—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for lintels, beams, or transoms to be encased separately; Special tying or clamping means therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/06—Tying means; Spacers ; Devices for extracting or inserting wall ties
- E04G17/12—Tying means; Spacers ; Devices for extracting or inserting wall ties with arms engaging the forms
Definitions
- the invention relates to a modular formwork system for forming a formwork for the production of ring anchors, ring beams or lintels made of concrete, having at least a first formlining holding element and a formlining, in which at least one first formlining holding element has at least one formlining receptacle, so that a formlining can be set at a defined location.
- a well-known formwork is in the DE 202 12 134 U1 described, which comprises the formwork by means of two edge plates, which are connected to one another by screwed-on U-brackets made of sheet steel and which can be placed or attached to the masonry, whereby additional stabilizing brackets can be provided, which are used when pouring the concrete into the formwork space formed by the edge plates prevent the edge panels from spreading.
- Prefabricated formwork is typically assembled by the manufacturer.
- For formwork for ring anchors, the required stability is achieved through factory assembly.
- the US 3,778,020 A describes a formwork clip as a base element made of plastic that is used to hold vertical wall elements.
- the plastic element is attached to a ground foundation.
- the formwork holder is arranged above a concrete foundation. In principle, it is possible to arrange several formwork elements one above the other in a vertical direction.
- the DE 200 16 264 U1 describes a mounting element for fastening permanent formwork to masonry. It is a prefabricated system that can be used on a construction site when fully assembled.
- the formwork system should be easy and inexpensive to transport and cause low storage costs.
- a modular formwork system for concrete parts in particular ring anchors or ring beams including lintel covers, is intended as the upper end of a masonry structure; which comprises formwork modules in the form of at least one first holding element, which supports both the economical production of the formwork skin on the construction site and the holding of the reinforcements.
- the formwork system consists of a first formwork module, usually the lower holding element and a further holding element in the form of an upper holding element.
- a shear reinforcement retaining element can also be used.
- the holding elements are preferably made of plastic. Due to the comparatively low mechanical requirements for the holding elements, practically all materials can be used that support the shaping of the holding elements. For example, resin-bound green compacts, plastic recycling material of any density or plastics with embedded residues of wood or paper materials (in practical terms stretched plastic), other composite materials or metal or stainless steel can be used. Also conceivable are holding elements that are made based on pressed (waste) paper with the addition of a binder, whereby there must be at least temporary resistance to liquid.
- the basic idea according to the invention is the realization of a formwork system through a modular structure of the holding elements, which implement both holding tasks for the actual formlining as well as for the reinforcement.
- the reinforcement is also modular, meaning that the reinforcement elements for the longitudinal and shear reinforcement are not formed in one piece by a reinforcement cage, but are inserted into the holding elements as separate elements on the construction site.
- the formlining can be made from EPS, PUR or other insulation panels, fiber cement panels or composite panels, for example from fiber cement and insulation materials. Wood materials or plastics are also suitable. Concrete primers can be provided on the outside and/or inside to ensure a better bond (inside) to the concrete or (outside to) plaster.
- the inventive design of the formwork system opens up a variety of technical and economic advantages. Cost advantages arise from the simplified production option as mass-produced goods with a simple structure (which do not have to be assembled into partially finished products in the factory). Transport and storage costs are reduced compared to existing formwork systems and the on-site assembly or installation of the reinforcement on the construction site takes less time and is therefore less labor intensive.
- the included fixings for the reinforcing elements designed as individual elements to be installed eliminate the time-consuming and costly weaving of reinforcement cages and the installation of spacers to maintain the necessary concrete cover, which is required in the prior art. Due to the modular design, it is only necessary to produce, transport and provide the upper and lower mounting elements as well as the optional floor parts as a lower formwork skin to bridge openings, such as a lintel, for the different wall thicknesses. It is also conceivable to produce the upper and lower holding elements in two parts in such a way that they can then be plugged together and have locking provisions for the different (masonry) widths. It would then no longer even be necessary to produce, transport and maintain the upper and lower holding elements for each individual (masonry) width.
- the side formlining and the holding elements for fixing the shear reinforcements are independent of the wall thickness of the concrete part to be produced and therefore do not have to be manufactured, transported and maintained separately for each wall thickness.
- the complex and cost-intensive factory manufacturing of the various factory-assembled U-formworks for the different wall thicknesses, as well as their cost-intensive transport, maintenance and storage, are no longer necessary.
- the lower retaining elements are first placed on the top of the wall.
- the lower mounting elements are designed in a U-shape for mounting on the edge of the wall, so that there is a clamp-like situation that corresponds to the width of the wall.
- the legs of the U-shaped component of the lower holding element rest against each other on the side wall walls and in this way fix the lower holding element.
- Holes can be provided on the underside in the lower mounting elements in order to enable additional or alternative fastening independent of the fixing by the legs, for example using steel nails, screws or impact dowels, if, for example, there are high mechanical requirements for the connection of the lower mounting element to the masonry .
- the distance from a first lower holding element to further lower holding elements is i. depending on the geometric conditions of the concrete part and the size of the formwork panels to be used. d. R. about 50 cm or more.
- the lower mounting elements can support receptacles or holes for a template for the exact positioning of the lower mounting elements with one another.
- the lower holding elements have receptacles for fixing the elements of the longitudinal reinforcement, which are usually formed by BSt500S reinforcing bars according to DIN 488, which ensure the required concrete cover.
- the side formwork is inserted, which forms the formlining.
- the side formwork is supported by the formwork panels z. B. made of fiber cement and are usually 25 cm high or higher.
- the shear reinforcement retaining elements are then attached to the formwork panels (side formwork) on the inside of the formlining by attaching them to the side formlining on both sides.
- Formlining receptacles are formed by a likewise clamp-like and U-shaped area of the shear reinforcement retaining elements, so that fastening is possible by pushing the formlining receptacle onto the formlining.
- the shear reinforcement holding elements are used to fix and position the shear reinforcement, which are designed as U-shaped elements consisting of a BSt500S reinforcing bar, primarily with a thickness of 8 mm, and are installed in the formwork system in different, preferably two, orientations.
- the U-shaped reinforcing elements are inserted with the cross legs downwards into the receptacles provided on the shear reinforcement holding elements, so that the closed sides of the U-shaped elements lie in the direction of the lower holding elements.
- the longitudinal reinforcement is inserted into the receptacles of the lower retaining elements.
- the subsequent assembly step is the installation of the upper mounting elements.
- the upper mounting elements have receptacles for the upper longitudinal reinforcement, which is also installed. If shear reinforcement is required, a second shear reinforcement element is then also inserted adjacent to the first shear reinforcement element in designated receptacles of the shear reinforcement holding elements, with the open side of the U-shaped bracket of the second shear reinforcement element pointing downwards.
- the concrete can be poured into the switched-on room. After the concrete has hardened, external parts of the formwork system can be removed using predetermined breaking points.
- the formwork skin can be used again after dismantling or it can remain on the concrete part as so-called lost formwork. If the formwork skin has been created with its inner edge flush with the outer edge of the masonry, the formwork skin can be removed after concreting and reused. If the formwork skin has been implemented with its outer edge flush with the outer edge of the masonry, it remains on the concrete part as “lost formwork”.
- All holding elements of the formwork system according to the invention are designed with regard to the relative positioning means of the reinforcements in such a way that the required concrete cover is reliably achieved in all assembly situations and geometric conditions of the concrete part to be produced.
- Figure 1 shows a front view of the lower holding element (10).
- the lower holding elements (10) which are preferably installed several times in the formwork system, fix the side formlining, which essentially consists of formwork panels (right and left of the axial direction of the concrete component), either as a conventional formlining (inner edge of the formwork skin flush with the outer edge of the masonry, not shown), which is according to is removed after concreting, or as lost formwork (outer edge of formwork skin flush with the outer edge of masonry, Fig. 1 shows this situation), which remains in the concrete part.
- receptacles (11, 11') are provided in the lower holding elements (10) for fixing the lower longitudinal reinforcement in the position so that the required concrete cover is maintained.
- the lower holding elements (10) have receptacles (11, 11') on both sides for two reinforcement elements.
- the overlap length is understood to mean the overlap dimension of the round or profile bars that form the longitudinal reinforcement elements. If these elements were only placed together at the front, no tensile force transmission would be possible at these points, so an overlap is created to prevent this.
- the lower holding elements (10) are attached from above to the masonry on which the concrete part is to be concreted, for example as a ring anchor or ring beam.
- the lower tabs (12) can be equipped with a threading bevel (13) in the lower area.
- the tabs (12) can be equipped with a thickening (14) as a tool contact surface, so that the parts protruding beyond the finished concrete component (100) can be broken off at the possible predetermined breaking points of the lower holding elements (10) after the concrete has hardened To allow twisting or knocking off.
- the lower mounting elements (10) can have fastening points on the underside (15), such as holes, through which they can be fixed to the masonry with steel nails or hammer dowels or similar if necessary in addition to or as an alternative to the fixing as a result of the tabs (12). .
- the underside (15) of the lower holding elements (10) can have a rough surface in order to enable the lower holding elements (10) to be glued to the masonry using, for example, tile or PU adhesive or other adhesives.
- the lower holding elements (10) have on both sides in the lower area, which is attached to the existing masonry, on the outside, on the side, approximately at the height of the Transition from the masonry to the ring beam to be concreted, projections (16) on both sides, each with at least one hole (17).
- a template e.g. B. a reinforcing iron bent into a "u"
- the exact distance between the individual lower holding elements (10) can be adjusted so that the receptacles for the shear reinforcement fit exactly between the lower holding elements (10) and so the required distance of the shear reinforcement in the form of U-shaped elements (not shown) are ensured from one another.
- the projections (16) can also be used to knock off the parts (12, 12', 13, 13', 14, 14', 16, 17) of the lower holding elements (10) that protrude beyond the finished concrete component (100) by providing a tool gripping surface .
- the lower holding elements (10) can have corresponding predetermined breaking points (18) in the area below the side formwork skin to be inserted.
- the lower holding elements (10) As lintel formwork, they can be fitted with predetermined breaking points (18') on both sides in the lower area (which, when using the lower holding elements (10) for formwork of ring anchors or ring beams, is inserted over the underlying masonry) below the side projections ( 16) own.
- predetermined breaking points (18') on both sides in the lower area (which, when using the lower holding elements (10) for formwork of ring anchors or ring beams, is inserted over the underlying masonry) below the side projections ( 16) own.
- Through the hole (17) in the outer projections (16) conventional bolts or screws or any detachable or non-detachable connection technology can be used, for example.
- B. a roof batten provided with appropriate holes can be attached to secure the position of the lower formwork covering the opening.
- the lower formlining is a conventional formlining that is removed after the concrete has hardened. It is used to formwork for a lintel.
- the lower formlining which serves to
- the formwork panels which essentially form the formlining, are inserted into the formlining receptacles (19).
- the tabs (12 ⁇ ) in the upper area can be equipped with threading bevels (13 ⁇ ).
- the tabs (12') can be equipped with a thickening (14') so that the parts of the lower holding elements (10) that protrude beyond the finished concrete component (100) can be broken off by twisting or To enable chipping by providing a tool engagement surface.
- the thickened areas (14, 14 ⁇ ) are used functionally in two ways - on the one hand, they provide an attack surface for tools and on the other hand, these areas are mechanically reinforced so that the desired component failure occurs at the predetermined breaking points (18, 18', 18 ⁇ ). is supported.
- Figure 2 shows a front view of the upper holding element (20).
- the upper holding elements (20) are pushed onto the formlining with the formlining receptacles (19) and, on the one hand, fix the formlining, which essentially consists of formwork panels, either as a conventional formlining (inner edge of the formlining flush with the outer edge of the masonry, not shown), which is removed after concreting , or as lost formwork (outer edge of formlining flush with the outer edge of the masonry), which remains in the concrete part.
- receptacles (11, 11') are provided in the upper holding elements (20) for fixing the upper longitudinal reinforcement in the position that the required concrete cover is maintained.
- the clamps In order to enable the overlap length of the longitudinal reinforcement in reinforcement joints, the clamps have receptacles (11, 11') on both sides for two reinforcing bars.
- the tabs (12') in the lower area can be equipped with threading bevels (13').
- the tabs (12') can be equipped with a thickening (14') so that the parts of the upper holding elements (20) that protrude beyond the finished concrete component (100) can be broken off by twisting or To enable chipping by providing a tool engagement surface.
- the formlining receptacles (19) of the upper holding elements (20) can also be thickened (14") and in the upper inner corner area Have predetermined breaking points (18) in order to enable the parts (12', 13', 14', 14") of the upper holding elements (20) that protrude beyond the finished concrete component (100) to be broken off by twisting or knocking them off
- the functional double effect of the thickenings (14', 14") is as follows Figure 1 described here.
- Figure 3 shows the side view (in the axial direction of the concrete component) of the shear reinforcement retaining element (30) with sectional views.
- the shear reinforcement retaining elements (30) primarily serve to fix the shear reinforcement and are pushed onto the side formlining between the upper retaining elements (20), which are mounted at a distance from one another, with the formlining receptacles (19) in such a way that the receptacles (31, 32) for the shear reinforcement are included the necessary concrete cover rests on the inside of the formwork skin.
- the tabs (12') in the lower area can be equipped with threading bevels (13').
- the tabs (12') can be equipped with a thickening (14') so that the parts of the upper holding elements (20) that protrude beyond the finished concrete component (100) can be broken off by twisting or To enable chipping by providing a tool engagement surface.
- the formwork receptacles (19) of the shear reinforcement retaining elements (30) can also have thickenings (14") and in the upper inner corner area predetermined breaking points (18) so that the parts protruding beyond the finished concrete component (100) can be broken off for formwork removal (12', 13', 14', 14") of the shear reinforcement holding elements (30) by twisting or knocking off by providing a tool engagement surface.
- the functional double effect of the thickenings (14', 14") is as follows Figure 1 described here.
- Conventional shear reinforcement is installed in the form of closed brackets in a square or rectangular shape.
- the formwork system looks Instead, a pair of shear reinforcement elements is installed in a bow-like shape and in opposite orientations using two adjacent, U-shaped shear reinforcement elements that are open on one side.
- the first U-shaped shear reinforcement element which is open on one side, is installed with its opening facing upwards by inserting it into the receptacles for the shear reinforcement (31) provided on the shear reinforcement holding element (30).
- the second U-shaped shear reinforcement element Adjacent to this and thus each forming a pair of shear reinforcement elements, the second U-shaped shear reinforcement element, which is open on one side, is installed with its opening directed downwards and is inserted into the receptacles for the shear reinforcement (32) provided on the shear reinforcement holding element (30).
- the receptacles for the shear reinforcement (31, 32) are formed by U-shaped guides and can be supplemented with clamp-like receptacles for fixation in order to ensure the fixation of the shear reinforcement elements. Due to the concrete cover to be maintained, the receptacles for the shear reinforcement (31, 32) are arranged at the required distance from the outer edges of the concrete part and preferably vertically.
- the receptacle for the shear reinforcement (32) arranged at the end of the shear reinforcement holding element (30) with the orientation of the opening downwards is pocket-shaped, so that the shear reinforcement element has a contact surface on the front side and is fixed horizontally and vertically in such a way as to ensure the required concrete cover.
- the receptacle (31) for the shear reinforcement arranged at the end of the shear reinforcement holding element (30) with the orientation of the opening upwards is designed in the form of a clamp, so that the shear reinforcement element can be received with its crossbar and is therefore fixed horizontally and vertically in such a way as to ensure the required concrete cover.
- Figure 4 shows a front view of a shear reinforcement retaining element (30) (transverse to the axial direction of the concrete component) with 4 predetermined breaking points at which the shear reinforcement retaining element is shortened in the axial direction of the concrete component can. It is possible to arrange several shear reinforcement retaining elements (30) in pairs or in registers in order to realize a plurality of shear reinforcement elements arranged in pairs. For this purpose, either two or more shear reinforcement retaining elements (30) are pushed next to each other onto the formlining, or the shear reinforcement retaining elements (30) are manufactured in a multiple arrangement in order to provide an installation unit.
- the sides of the shear reinforcement retaining elements (30) facing the space (100) for the concrete component can be provided with recesses (33) in order, on the one hand, to save material and, on the other hand, to ensure a better bond between the concrete and the formlining. especially if permanent formwork is being implemented.
- Predetermined breaking points (34) can be provided for the shear reinforcement between the shear reinforcement holding elements (30), which are arranged in pairs or in register-like manner in one embodiment variant, in order to either support the multiple arrangement or, after appropriate shortening, the individual or paired use of the inner holding elements (30).
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- Architecture (AREA)
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein modulares Schalungssystem zur Bildung einer Schalung für die Herstellung von Ringankern, Ringbalken oder Stürzen aus Beton, aufweisend wenigstens ein erstes Schalhaut-Halterungselement und eine Schalhaut, bei dem wenigstens ein erstes Schalhaut-Halterungselement über wenigstens eine Schalhautaufnahme verfügt, sodass eine Schalhaut an einer definierten Stelle festlegbar ist.The invention relates to a modular formwork system for forming a formwork for the production of ring anchors, ring beams or lintels made of concrete, having at least a first formlining holding element and a formlining, in which at least one first formlining holding element has at least one formlining receptacle, so that a formlining can be set at a defined location.
Eine bekannte Schalung ist in der
Bekannte Schalungen und bzw. Bewehrungsmaßnahmen sind aus diversen Teilen aufgebaut und werden durch Handarbeit häufig vor Ort auf der Baustelle hergestellt. Insbesondere die Abstandshalter der Schalungsplatten sind auf die jeweilige Mauerbreite hin zu konfektionieren und zu montieren. Ähnliche Probleme ergeben sich bezüglich der Bügelbewehrung - auch sie sind mauerbreitenabhängig und müssen in verschiedenen Abmessungen bereitgestellt bzw. vor Ort angepasst werden.Well-known formwork and/or reinforcement measures are made up of various parts and are often manufactured by hand on site at the construction site. In particular, the spacers of the formwork panels must be manufactured and installed to suit the respective wall width. Similar problems arise with the stirrup reinforcement - they also depend on the width of the wall and must be provided in different dimensions or adjusted on site.
Vorgefertigte Schalungen werden typischerweise beim Hersteller montiert. Bei Schalungen für Ringanker wird durch die werkseitige Montage die erforderliche Stabilität erreicht.Prefabricated formwork is typically assembled by the manufacturer. For formwork for ring anchors, the required stability is achieved through factory assembly.
Werden Kombinationen von Bügel- und Längsbewehrungen als Bauelement in Form von geflochtenen Bewehrungskörben ausgeführt, wird die Konfektionierung der Bewehrungshalbzeuge vor Ort noch aufwändiger, häufig ist eine Verbindungsherstellung z.B. durch verrödeln mit Bindedraht erforderlich. Werden Bewehrungskörbe als einbaufertige Einheit vorproduziert müssen diese mit den geforderten Abmessungen speziell für das Bauvorhaben gefertigt werden, zusätzlich kann sich der Transport infolge der Abmessungen schwierig oder zumindest kostenintensiv gestalten. Aufgrund des erheblichen Montage- und Einbauaufwandes der bekannten Schalungen mit herkömmlicher Bewehrung in Form von Bewehrungskörben sind diese teuer und zeitintensiv herzustellen.If combinations of stirrup and longitudinal reinforcement are implemented as a component in the form of braided reinforcement cages, the assembly of the semi-finished reinforcement products on site becomes even more complex; it is often necessary to create a connection, for example by binding it with binding wire. If reinforcement cages are pre-produced as a ready-to-install unit, they must be manufactured with the required dimensions specifically for the construction project; in addition, transport can be difficult or at least cost-intensive due to the dimensions. Due to the considerable assembly and installation effort of the known formwork with conventional reinforcement in the form of reinforcement cages, they are expensive and time-consuming to produce.
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Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Schalungssystem sowie ein Verfahren zur Schalung für Ringanker, Ringbalken oder Stürze aus Beton bereitzustellen, das die schnelle und einfache Montage sowohl der Schalung als auch der Bewehrung vor Ort auf der Baustelle unterstützt. Das Schalungssystem soll gut und kostengünstig transportierbar sein und geringe Lagerhaltungskosten verursachen.It is the object of the invention to provide a formwork system and a method for formwork for ring anchors, ring beams or lintels made of concrete, which supports the quick and easy assembly of both the formwork and the reinforcement on site at the construction site. The formwork system should be easy and inexpensive to transport and cause low storage costs.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe bezüglich des Schalungssystems durch die Merkmale von Patentanspruch 1 und bezüglich des Verfahrens zu Schalung durch die Merkmale von Patentanspruch 9 gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved with regard to the formwork system by the features of patent claim 1 and with regard to the formwork method by the features of patent claim 9.
Insbesondere ist an ein modulares Schalungssystem für Betonteile, insbesondere Ringanker bzw. Ringbalken einschließlich Sturzüberdeckungen als oberer Abschluss eines Mauerwerkes gedacht; welches Schalungsmodule in Form von wenigstens einem ersten Halterungselement umfasst, das sowohl eine wirtschaftliche Herstellung der Schalungshaut auf der Baustelle als auch die Halterung der Bewehrungen unterstützt.In particular, a modular formwork system for concrete parts, in particular ring anchors or ring beams including lintel covers, is intended as the upper end of a masonry structure; which comprises formwork modules in the form of at least one first holding element, which supports both the economical production of the formwork skin on the construction site and the holding of the reinforcements.
Je nach Schalungsaufgabe und geometrischen Randbedingungen des herzustellenden Betonobjektes besteht das Schalungssystem aus einem ersten Schalungsmodul, üblicherweise dem unteren Halterungselement und einem weiteren Halterungselement in Form eines oberen Halterungselements. Es kann zudem ein Schubbewehrungs-Halterungselement zum Einsatz kommen.Depending on the formwork task and the geometric boundary conditions of the concrete object to be produced, the formwork system consists of a first formwork module, usually the lower holding element and a further holding element in the form of an upper holding element. A shear reinforcement retaining element can also be used.
Die Halterungselemente sind bevorzugt aus Kunststoff hergestellt. Aufgrund der vergleichsweise geringen mechanischen Anforderungen an die Halterungselemente können praktisch alle Werkstoffe Verwendung finden, die eine Formgebung der Halterungselemente unterstützen. Beispielsweise können harzgebundene Grünlinge, Kunststoffrecyclingmaterial beliebiger Dichte oder Kunststoffe mit eingelagerten Resten aus Holz- oder Papiermaterialien (praktisch gesehen gestreckter Kunststoff), anderen Kompositmaterialien oder Metall bzw. Edelstahl eingesetzt werden. Denkbar sind auch Halterungselemente, die basierend auf gepresstem (Alt-) Papier unter Zugabe eine Binders hergestellt sind, wobei eine zumindest temporäre Widerstandsfähigkeit gegenüber Flüssigkeit gegeben sein muss.The holding elements are preferably made of plastic. Due to the comparatively low mechanical requirements for the holding elements, practically all materials can be used that support the shaping of the holding elements. For example, resin-bound green compacts, plastic recycling material of any density or plastics with embedded residues of wood or paper materials (in practical terms stretched plastic), other composite materials or metal or stainless steel can be used. Also conceivable are holding elements that are made based on pressed (waste) paper with the addition of a binder, whereby there must be at least temporary resistance to liquid.
Erfindungsgemäßer Grundgedanke ist die Realisierung eines Schalungssystems durch einen modularen Aufbau der Halterungselemente, die sowohl Halterungsaufgaben für die eigentliche Schalhaut als auch für die Bewehrung realisieren. Die Bewehrung ist auch modular aufgebaut, d.h. die Bewehrungselemente für die Längs- und die Schubbewehrung werden nicht einteilig durch einen Bewehrungskorb gebildet, sondern als separate Elemente auf der Baustelle in die Halterungselemente eingesteckt.The basic idea according to the invention is the realization of a formwork system through a modular structure of the holding elements, which implement both holding tasks for the actual formlining as well as for the reinforcement. The reinforcement is also modular, meaning that the reinforcement elements for the longitudinal and shear reinforcement are not formed in one piece by a reinforcement cage, but are inserted into the holding elements as separate elements on the construction site.
Die Schalhaut kann gebildet sein aus EPS-, PUR- oder anderen Dämmplatten, Faserzementplatten oder Verbundplatten, beispielsweise aus Faserzement und Dämmstoffen. Auch Holzwerkstoffe oder Kunststoffe sind geeignet. Auf deren Außen- und/oder Innenseite können Betongrundierungen vorgesehen sein, um einen besseren Verbund (innen) zum Beton bzw. (außen zum) Putz zu gewährleisten.The formlining can be made from EPS, PUR or other insulation panels, fiber cement panels or composite panels, for example from fiber cement and insulation materials. Wood materials or plastics are also suitable. Concrete primers can be provided on the outside and/or inside to ensure a better bond (inside) to the concrete or (outside to) plaster.
Die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung des Schalungssystems eröffnet eine Vielzahl von technischen und wirtschaftlichen Vorteilen. Kostenvorteile erwachsen aus der vereinfachten Produktionsmöglichkeit als Massenware einfachen Aufbaus, (die nicht in der Fabrik zu Teilfertigerzeugnissen montiert werden müssen). Transport- und Lagerungskosten sind im Vergleich zu bestehenden Schalungssystemen reduziert und die Vorort-Montage bzw. Einbau der Bewehrung auf der Baustelle ist zeitlich weniger aufwändig und dadurch weniger lohnintensiv.The inventive design of the formwork system opens up a variety of technical and economic advantages. Cost advantages arise from the simplified production option as mass-produced goods with a simple structure (which do not have to be assembled into partially finished products in the factory). Transport and storage costs are reduced compared to existing formwork systems and the on-site assembly or installation of the reinforcement on the construction site takes less time and is therefore less labor intensive.
Durch die enthaltenen Fixierungen für die einzubauenden, als Einzelelemente ausgestalteten Bewehrungselemente entfällt das im Stand der Technik erforderliche, zeitaufwendige und kostenintensive Flechten von Bewehrungskörben und der Einbau von Abstandshaltern zur Einhaltung der notwendigen Betondeckung. Durch den modularen Aufbau ist es lediglich erforderlich, die oberen und unteren Halterungselemente sowie die optionalen Bodenteile als untere Schalungshaut zur Überbrückung von Öffnungen, wie z.B. einen Sturz, für die unterschiedlichen Wandstärken herzustellen, zu transportieren und vorzuhalten. Es ist auch denkbar die oberen und unteren Halterungselemente zweiteilig herzustellen in der Art, als dass sie dann zusammensteckbar sind und Einrastungsvorkehrungen für die verschiedenen (Mauerwerks-) Breiten aufweisen. So wäre es dann noch nicht einmal mehr notwendig die oberen und unteren Halterungselemente für jede einzelne (Mauerwerks-) Breite herzustellen, zu transportieren und vorzuhalten.The included fixings for the reinforcing elements designed as individual elements to be installed eliminate the time-consuming and costly weaving of reinforcement cages and the installation of spacers to maintain the necessary concrete cover, which is required in the prior art. Due to the modular design, it is only necessary to produce, transport and provide the upper and lower mounting elements as well as the optional floor parts as a lower formwork skin to bridge openings, such as a lintel, for the different wall thicknesses. It is also conceivable to produce the upper and lower holding elements in two parts in such a way that they can then be plugged together and have locking provisions for the different (masonry) widths. It would then no longer even be necessary to produce, transport and maintain the upper and lower holding elements for each individual (masonry) width.
Die seitliche Schalhaut und die Halterungselemente zur Fixierung der Schubbewehrungen sind unabhängig von der Wandstärke des herzustellenden Betonteils und müssen daher nicht für jede Wandstärke gesondert hergestellt, transportiert und vorgehalten werden. Auch das aufwändige und kostenintensive werkseitige Herstellen der verschiedenen werkseitig vormontierten U-Schalungen für die unterschiedlichen Wandstärken, sowie deren kostenintensiver Transport, Vorhaltung und Lagerung entfällt.The side formlining and the holding elements for fixing the shear reinforcements are independent of the wall thickness of the concrete part to be produced and therefore do not have to be manufactured, transported and maintained separately for each wall thickness. The complex and cost-intensive factory manufacturing of the various factory-assembled U-formworks for the different wall thicknesses, as well as their cost-intensive transport, maintenance and storage, are no longer necessary.
Zur Herstellung einer Schalung beispielsweise für einen Ringanker als oberer Abschluss eines Mauerwerkes werden zunächst die unteren Halterungselemente auf die Mauerkrone aufgesetzt. Die unteren Halterungselemente sind für die Montage auf der Mauerkante u-förmig gestaltet, sodass eine klammerartige Situation vorliegt, welche mit der Mauerbreite korrespondiert. Die Schenkel der u-förmigen Komponente des unteren Halterungselementes liegen nach dem Aufstecken auf das Mauerwerk an den seitlichen Mauerwänden jeweils gegenüber an und fixieren auf diese Weise das untere Halterungselement.To produce formwork, for example for a ring anchor as the upper end of a masonry, the lower retaining elements are first placed on the top of the wall. The lower mounting elements are designed in a U-shape for mounting on the edge of the wall, so that there is a clamp-like situation that corresponds to the width of the wall. After being attached to the masonry, the legs of the U-shaped component of the lower holding element rest against each other on the side wall walls and in this way fix the lower holding element.
Es können Bohrungen an der Unterseite in den unteren Halterungselementen vorgesehen sein, um eine zusätzliche oder unabhängig von der Festlegung durch die Schenkel alternative Befestigung z.B. durch Stahlnägel, Schrauben oder Schlagdübel zu ermöglichen, wenn beispielsweise hohe mechanische Anforderungen an die Verbindung von unterem Halterungselement zum Mauerwerk vorliegen. Gleiches gilt für eine raue Unterseite der dem Mauerwerk zugewandten Fläche des unteren Halterungselementes, welche ein Verkleben unterstützen kann.Holes can be provided on the underside in the lower mounting elements in order to enable additional or alternative fastening independent of the fixing by the legs, for example using steel nails, screws or impact dowels, if, for example, there are high mechanical requirements for the connection of the lower mounting element to the masonry . The same applies to a rough underside of the surface of the lower holding element facing the masonry, which can support bonding.
Der Abstand von einem ersten unteren Halterungselement zu weiteren unteren Halterungselementen beträgt in Abhängigkeit der geometrischen Verhältnisse des Betonteils und der Größe der zu verwendenden Schalungsplatten i. d. R. etwa 50 cm oder mehr. Die unteren Halterungselemente können Aufnahmen bzw. Bohrungen für eine Schablone zum exakten Positionieren der unteren Halterungselemente untereinander zu unterstützen.The distance from a first lower holding element to further lower holding elements is i. depending on the geometric conditions of the concrete part and the size of the formwork panels to be used. d. R. about 50 cm or more. The lower mounting elements can support receptacles or holes for a template for the exact positioning of the lower mounting elements with one another.
Die unteren Halterungselemente verfügen über Aufnahmen zur Fixierung der Elemente der Längsbewehrung, die üblicherweise durch Betonstabstahl BSt500S nach DIN 488 gebildet werden, die die geforderte Betondeckung gewährleisten.The lower holding elements have receptacles for fixing the elements of the longitudinal reinforcement, which are usually formed by BSt500S reinforcing bars according to DIN 488, which ensure the required concrete cover.
Im zweiten Schritt werden die Seitenschalungen eingesetzt, welche die Schalhaut bilden. Die Seitenschalungen werden durch die Schalungsplatten z. B. aus Faserzement realisiert und sind i. d. R. 25 cm hoch oder höher.In the second step, the side formwork is inserted, which forms the formlining. The side formwork is supported by the formwork panels z. B. made of fiber cement and are usually 25 cm high or higher.
Falls eine Schubbewehrung erforderlich ist, werden anschließend innenseitig der Schalhaut die Schubbewehrungs-Halterungselemente auf die Schalungsplatten (Seitenschalung) durch beidseitiges Aufstecken auf die seitliche Schalhaut festgelegt. Durch einen ebenfalls klammerartigen und u-förmigen Bereich der Schubbewehrungs-Halterungselemente werden Schalhautaufnahmen gebildet, sodass die Befestigung durch Einschieben der Schalhautaufnahme auf die Schalhaut möglich ist. Die Schubbewehrungs-Halterungselemente dienen zur Fixierung und Positionierung der Schubbewehrung, welche als u-förmige Elemente bestehend aus einem Betonstabstahl BSt500S vornehmlich der Stärke von 8 mm ausgebildet sind und in verschiedenen, vorzugsweise zwei Orientierungen in das Schalungssystem eingebaut werden. Die u-förmigen Bewehrungselemente werden in einem ersten Schritt mit den Querschenkeln nach unten in die dafür vorgesehenen Aufnahmen an den Schubbewehrungs-Halterungselementen eingesetzt, sodass die geschlossenen Seiten der u-förmigen Elemente in Richtung der unteren Halterungselemente liegen.If shear reinforcement is required, the shear reinforcement retaining elements are then attached to the formwork panels (side formwork) on the inside of the formlining by attaching them to the side formlining on both sides. Formlining receptacles are formed by a likewise clamp-like and U-shaped area of the shear reinforcement retaining elements, so that fastening is possible by pushing the formlining receptacle onto the formlining. The shear reinforcement holding elements are used to fix and position the shear reinforcement, which are designed as U-shaped elements consisting of a BSt500S reinforcing bar, primarily with a thickness of 8 mm, and are installed in the formwork system in different, preferably two, orientations. In a first step, the U-shaped reinforcing elements are inserted with the cross legs downwards into the receptacles provided on the shear reinforcement holding elements, so that the closed sides of the U-shaped elements lie in the direction of the lower holding elements.
Nach dem Einbau der Schubbewehrungs-Halterungselemente in Verbindung mit der Schubbewehrung wird in die Aufnahmen der unteren Halterungselemente die Längsbewehrung eingesetzt. Anschließender Montageschritt ist der Einbau der oberen Halterungselemente. Die oberen Halterungselemente verfügen über Aufnahmen für die obere Längsbewehrung, die ebenfalls montiert wird. Ein jeweils zweites Schubbewehrungselement wird dann, falls eine Schubbewehrung erforderlich ist, benachbart zu dem jeweils ersten Schubbewehrungselement ebenfalls in dafür vorgesehenen Aufnahmen der Schubbewehrungs-Halterungselemente eingesetzt, wobei die offene Seite des u-förmigen Bügels des zweiten Schubbewehrungselementes nach unten weist.After installing the shear reinforcement retaining elements in conjunction with the shear reinforcement, the longitudinal reinforcement is inserted into the receptacles of the lower retaining elements. The subsequent assembly step is the installation of the upper mounting elements. The upper mounting elements have receptacles for the upper longitudinal reinforcement, which is also installed. If shear reinforcement is required, a second shear reinforcement element is then also inserted adjacent to the first shear reinforcement element in designated receptacles of the shear reinforcement holding elements, with the open side of the U-shaped bracket of the second shear reinforcement element pointing downwards.
Durch die paarweise Anordnung der u-förmigen Schubbewehrungselemente mit unterschiedlicher Orientierung der offenen u-förmigen Bügel kann auch ohne Verbindungstechnik der Elemente zueinander und damit erheblich reduziertem Arbeitsaufwand eine Schubstabilität erreicht werden.By arranging the U-shaped shear reinforcement elements in pairs with different orientations of the open U-shaped brackets, shear stability can be achieved even without connecting the elements to one another and thus with significantly reduced workload.
Nach der Durchführung der obigen Montageschritte kann der Beton in den eingeschalten Raum eingefüllt werden. Nachdem der Beton ausgehärtet ist, können außenseitige Teile des Schalungssystems unter Verwendung von Sollbruchstellen entfernt werden.After completing the above assembly steps, the concrete can be poured into the switched-on room. After the concrete has hardened, external parts of the formwork system can be removed using predetermined breaking points.
Je nach realisierter Schalung kann die Schalungshaut nach der Demontage erneut verwendet werden oder sie verbleibt am Betonteil, als sogenannte verlorene Schalung. Ist die Schalungshaut mit ihrer Innenkante bündig zur Außenkante des Mauerwerks realisiert worden, kann die Schalungshaut nach dem Betonieren entfernt und wiederverwendet werden. Ist die Schalungshaut mit ihrer Außenkante bündig zur Außenkante des Mauerwerks realisiert worden, verbleibt sie als "verlorene Schalung" am Betonteil.Depending on the formwork created, the formwork skin can be used again after dismantling or it can remain on the concrete part as so-called lost formwork. If the formwork skin has been created with its inner edge flush with the outer edge of the masonry, the formwork skin can be removed after concreting and reused. If the formwork skin has been implemented with its outer edge flush with the outer edge of the masonry, it remains on the concrete part as “lost formwork”.
Alle Halterungselemente des erfindungsgemäßen Schalungssystems sind bezüglich der relativen Lagepositionierungsmittel der Bewehrungen derart ausgeführt, dass die geforderte Betondeckung in allen Montagesituationen und geometrischen Verhältnissen des herzustellenden Betonteils zuverlässig erreicht wird.All holding elements of the formwork system according to the invention are designed with regard to the relative positioning means of the reinforcements in such a way that the required concrete cover is reliably achieved in all assembly situations and geometric conditions of the concrete part to be produced.
In den Zeichnungen sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung schematisch dargestellt. Es zeigen:
- Figur 1
- eine Vorderansicht des unteren Halterungselementes (10),
- Figur 2
- eine Vorderansicht des oberen Halterungselementes (20),
- Figur 3
- eine Seitenansicht (in Achsrichtung des Betonbauteils) des Schubbewehrungs-Halterungselementes (30) mit Schnittdarstellungen und
- Figur 4
- eine Vorderansicht (quer zur Achsrichtung des Betonbauteils) eines Schubbewehrungs-Halterungselementes (30) mit mehreren Sollbruchstellen an denen das Schubbewehrungs-Halterungselement jeweils zwischen den Aufnahmen für die Schubbewehrungselementepaare in Achsrichtung des Betonbauteils gekürzt werden kann.
- Figure 1
- a front view of the lower holding element (10),
- Figure 2
- a front view of the upper holding element (20),
- Figure 3
- a side view (in the axial direction of the concrete component) of the shear reinforcement retaining element (30) with sectional views and
- Figure 4
- a front view (transverse to the axial direction of the concrete component) of a shear reinforcement retaining element (30) with several predetermined breaking points at which the shear reinforcement retaining element can be shortened between the receptacles for the pairs of shear reinforcement elements in the axial direction of the concrete component.
Zum anderen sind in den unteren Halterungselementen (10) Aufnahmen (11, 11') zum Fixieren der unteren Längsbewehrung in der Position vorgesehen, dass die geforderte Betondeckung eingehalten wird. Um die Übergreifungslänge der Längsbewehrung bei Bewehrungsstößen zu ermöglichen, besitzen die unteren Halterungselemente (10) beidseitig jeweils Aufnahmen (11, 11') für zwei Bewehrungselemente. Unter Übergreifungslänge wird das Überlappungsmaß der Rund- oder Profilstäbe, welche die Längsbewehrungselemente bilden, verstanden. Würden diese Elemente nur stirnseitig aneinandergelegt, wäre an diesen Stellen keine Zugkraftübertragung möglich, sodass eine Überlappung realisiert wird, um dies zu verhindern.On the other hand, receptacles (11, 11') are provided in the lower holding elements (10) for fixing the lower longitudinal reinforcement in the position so that the required concrete cover is maintained. In order to enable the overlap length of the longitudinal reinforcement in reinforcement joints, the lower holding elements (10) have receptacles (11, 11') on both sides for two reinforcement elements. The overlap length is understood to mean the overlap dimension of the round or profile bars that form the longitudinal reinforcement elements. If these elements were only placed together at the front, no tensile force transmission would be possible at these points, so an overlap is created to prevent this.
Die unteren Halterungselemente (10) werden auf das Mauerwerk, auf dem das Betonteil z.B. als Ringanker bzw. Ringbalken aufbetoniert werden soll, von oben aufgesteckt. Um das Aufstecken der unteren Halterungselemente (10) auf das darunterliegende Mauerwerk zu unterstützen, können die unteren Laschen (12) im unteren Bereich mit einer Einfädelschräge (13) ausgestattet sein. Im Knickbereich können die Laschen (12) mit einer Aufdickung (14) als Werkzeugangriffsfläche ausgestattet sein, um so zum Ausschalen ein Abbrechen der über das fertige Betonbauteil (100) überstehenden Teile an den möglichen Sollbruchstellen der unteren Halterungselemente (10) nach erhärten des Betons durch Verdrehen bzw. Abschlagen zu ermöglichen.The lower holding elements (10) are attached from above to the masonry on which the concrete part is to be concreted, for example as a ring anchor or ring beam. In order to support the insertion of the lower mounting elements (10) onto the underlying masonry, the lower tabs (12) can be equipped with a threading bevel (13) in the lower area. In the bend area, the tabs (12) can be equipped with a thickening (14) as a tool contact surface, so that the parts protruding beyond the finished concrete component (100) can be broken off at the possible predetermined breaking points of the lower holding elements (10) after the concrete has hardened To allow twisting or knocking off.
Die unteren Halterungselemente (10) können an der Unterseite (15) Befestigungspunkte wie z.B. Bohrungen besitzen, durch die sie bei Bedarf mit Stahlnägeln oder Schlagdübeln o. ä. zusätzlich oder alternativ zu der Festlegung infolge der Laschen (12) auf dem Mauerwerk fixiert werden können. Die Unterseite (15) der unteren Halterungselemente (10) kann oberflächenrauh ausgeführt sein, um ein Verkleben der unteren Halterungselemente (10) auf dem Mauerwerk mit beispielsweise Fliesen- oder PU-Kleber oder anderen Klebstoffen zu ermöglichen.The lower mounting elements (10) can have fastening points on the underside (15), such as holes, through which they can be fixed to the masonry with steel nails or hammer dowels or similar if necessary in addition to or as an alternative to the fixing as a result of the tabs (12). . The underside (15) of the lower holding elements (10) can have a rough surface in order to enable the lower holding elements (10) to be glued to the masonry using, for example, tile or PU adhesive or other adhesives.
Die unteren Halterungselemente (10) besitzen beidseitig in dem unteren Bereich, der auf das bestehende Mauerwerk aufgesteckt wird, außen, seitlich, ca. in Höhe des Übergangs vom Mauerwerk zum zu betonierenden Ringbalken beidseitig Auskragungen (16) mit jeweils wenigstens einer Bohrung (17). Durch diese Bohrung (17) kann mit Hilfe einer Schablone, z. B. eines zum "u" gebogenen Bewehrungseisens, der exakte Abstand der einzelnen unteren Halterungselemente (10) zueinander eingestellt werden, so dass die Aufnahmen für die Schubbewehrung exakt zwischen die unteren Halterungselemente (10) passen und so der geforderte Abstand der Schubbewehrung in Form von u-förmigen Elementen (nicht dargestellt) voneinander sichergestellt ist.The lower holding elements (10) have on both sides in the lower area, which is attached to the existing masonry, on the outside, on the side, approximately at the height of the Transition from the masonry to the ring beam to be concreted, projections (16) on both sides, each with at least one hole (17). Through this hole (17) you can use a template, e.g. B. a reinforcing iron bent into a "u", the exact distance between the individual lower holding elements (10) can be adjusted so that the receptacles for the shear reinforcement fit exactly between the lower holding elements (10) and so the required distance of the shear reinforcement in the form of U-shaped elements (not shown) are ensured from one another.
Die Auskragungen (16) können auch zum Abschlagen der über das fertige Betonbauteil (100) überstehenden Teile (12, 12', 13, 13', 14, 14', 16, 17) der unteren Halterungselemente (10) durch Bereitstellung einer Werkzeugangreiffläche dienen. Um das Abbrechen zu unterstützen, können die unteren Halterungselemente (10) im Bereich unterhalb der einzusteckenden seitlichen Schalungshaut entsprechende Sollbruchstellen (18) besitzen.The projections (16) can also be used to knock off the parts (12, 12', 13, 13', 14, 14', 16, 17) of the lower holding elements (10) that protrude beyond the finished concrete component (100) by providing a tool gripping surface . In order to support breaking off, the lower holding elements (10) can have corresponding predetermined breaking points (18) in the area below the side formwork skin to be inserted.
Zur Verwendung der unteren Halterungselemente (10) als Sturzschalung können diese beidseitig in dem unteren Bereich (der bei Verwendung der unteren Halterungselemente (10) zum Einschalen von Ringankern oder Ringbalken über das darunterliegende Mauerwerk gesteckt wird) Sollbruchstellen (18`) unterhalb der seitlichen Auskragungen (16) besitzen. Durch die Bohrung (17) in den äußeren Auskragungen (16) kann mit herkömmlichen Bolzen oder Schrauben oder einer beliebigen, lösbaren oder unlösbaren Verbindungstechnik z. B. eine mit entsprechenden Bohrungen versehene Dachlatte als Lagesicherung der die Öffnung überdeckenden unteren Schalhaut befestigt werden. Bei der unteren Schalhaut handelt es sich um eine herkömmliche Schalhaut, die nach dem Erhärten des Betons wieder entfernt wird. Sie dient zur Einschalung eines Sturzes. Die untere Schalhaut, die als Überdeckung der zu überschalenden Öffnung dient kann dann vordem Betonieren mit Brettern, Kanthölzern Stützen o. ä. nach unten abgestützt werden.To use the lower holding elements (10) as lintel formwork, they can be fitted with predetermined breaking points (18') on both sides in the lower area (which, when using the lower holding elements (10) for formwork of ring anchors or ring beams, is inserted over the underlying masonry) below the side projections ( 16) own. Through the hole (17) in the outer projections (16), conventional bolts or screws or any detachable or non-detachable connection technology can be used, for example. B. a roof batten provided with appropriate holes can be attached to secure the position of the lower formwork covering the opening. The lower formlining is a conventional formlining that is removed after the concrete has hardened. It is used to formwork for a lintel. The lower formlining, which serves to cover the opening to be covered, can then be supported downwards with boards, squared timber supports or similar before concreting.
Nach dem Einbau der unteren Halterungselemente (10) werden die Schalungsplatten, welche im Wesentlichen die Schalhaut bilden, in die Schalhautaufnahmen (19) eingeschoben. Um das Einschieben der Schalhaut in die Schalhautaufnahmen (19) der unteren Halterungselemente (10) zu vereinfachen, können die Laschen (12`) im oberen Bereich mit Einfädelschrägen (13`) ausgestattet sein.After installing the lower holding elements (10), the formwork panels, which essentially form the formlining, are inserted into the formlining receptacles (19). In order to simplify the insertion of the formlining into the formlining receptacles (19) of the lower holding elements (10), the tabs (12`) in the upper area can be equipped with threading bevels (13`).
Im Knickbereich der Einfädelschräge (13`) können die Laschen (12`) mit einer Aufdickung (14`) ausgestattet sein, um so zum Ausschalen ein Abbrechen der über das fertige Betonbauteil (100) überstehenden Teile der unteren Halterungselemente (10) durch Verdrehen bzw. Abschlagen durch Bereitstellung einer Werkzeugangreiffläche zu ermöglichen. Die Aufdickungen (14, 14`) werden in zweierlei Hinsicht funktionell genutzt - zum einen wird durch sie eine Angriffsfläche für Werkzeuge bereitgestellt und zum anderen werden diese Bereiche mechanisch verstärkt, sodass das gewünschte Bauteilversagen an den Sollbruchstellen (18, 18', 18`) unterstützt wird.In the bending area of the threading bevel (13'), the tabs (12') can be equipped with a thickening (14') so that the parts of the lower holding elements (10) that protrude beyond the finished concrete component (100) can be broken off by twisting or To enable chipping by providing a tool engagement surface. The thickened areas (14, 14`) are used functionally in two ways - on the one hand, they provide an attack surface for tools and on the other hand, these areas are mechanically reinforced so that the desired component failure occurs at the predetermined breaking points (18, 18', 18`). is supported.
Um das Aufschieben der oberen Halterungselemente (20) auf die Schalhaut zu vereinfachen, können die Laschen (12`) im unteren Bereich mit Einfädelschrägen (13`) ausgestattet sein. Im Knickbereich der Einfädelschräge (13`) können die Laschen (12`) mit einer Aufdickung (14`) ausgestattet sein, um so zum Ausschalen ein Abbrechen der über das fertige Betonbauteil (100) überstehenden Teile der oberen Halterungselemente (20) durch Verdrehen bzw. Abschlagen durch Bereitstellung einer Werkzeugangreiffläche zu ermöglichen.In order to make it easier to slide the upper holding elements (20) onto the formwork, the tabs (12') in the lower area can be equipped with threading bevels (13'). In the bending area of the threading bevel (13'), the tabs (12') can be equipped with a thickening (14') so that the parts of the upper holding elements (20) that protrude beyond the finished concrete component (100) can be broken off by twisting or To enable chipping by providing a tool engagement surface.
Im oberen äußeren Eckbereich können die Schalhautaufnahmen (19) der oberen Halterungselemente (20) ebenfalls Aufdickungen (14") und im oberen inneren Eckbereich Sollbruchstellen (18) aufweisen, um so zum Ausschalen ein Abbrechen der über das fertige Betonbauteil (100) überstehenden Teile (12', 13', 14', 14") der oberen Halterungselemente (20) durch Verdrehen bzw. Abschlagen zu ermöglichen. Die funktionelle Doppelwirkung der Aufdickungen (14', 14") ist wie zu
Die Schubbewehrungs-Halterungselemente (30) dienen primär zur Fixierung der Schubbewehrung und werden zwischen die zueinander beabstandet montierten oberen Halterungselemente (20) mit den Schalhautaufnahmen (19) auf die seitliche Schalhaut derart aufgeschoben, dass die Aufnahmen (31, 32) für die Schubbewehrung mit der notwendigen Betondeckung innenseitig der Schalungshaut anliegt.The shear reinforcement retaining elements (30) primarily serve to fix the shear reinforcement and are pushed onto the side formlining between the upper retaining elements (20), which are mounted at a distance from one another, with the formlining receptacles (19) in such a way that the receptacles (31, 32) for the shear reinforcement are included the necessary concrete cover rests on the inside of the formwork skin.
Um das Aufschieben der Schubbewehrungs-Halterungselemente (30) mit den Schalhautaufnahmen (19) auf die Schalhaut zu vereinfachen, können die Laschen (12`) im unteren Bereich mit Einfädelschrägen (13`) ausgestattet sein. Im Knickbereich der Einfädelschräge (13`) können die Laschen (12`) mit einer Aufdickung (14`) ausgestattet sein, um so zum Ausschalen ein Abbrechen der über das fertige Betonbauteil (100) überstehenden Teile der oberen Halterungselemente (20) durch Verdrehen bzw. Abschlagen durch Bereitstellung einer Werkzeugangreiffläche zu ermöglichen.In order to make it easier to slide the shear reinforcement retaining elements (30) with the formlining holders (19) onto the formlining, the tabs (12') in the lower area can be equipped with threading bevels (13'). In the bending area of the threading bevel (13'), the tabs (12') can be equipped with a thickening (14') so that the parts of the upper holding elements (20) that protrude beyond the finished concrete component (100) can be broken off by twisting or To enable chipping by providing a tool engagement surface.
Im oberen äußeren Eckbereich können die Schalhautaufnahmen (19) der Schubbewehrungs-Halterungselemente (30) ebenfalls Aufdickungen (14") und im oberen inneren Eckbereich Sollbruchstellen (18) aufweisen, um so zum Ausschalen ein Abbrechen der über das fertige Betonbauteil (100) überstehenden Teile (12', 13', 14', 14") der Schubbewehrungs-Halterungselemente (30) durch Verdrehen bzw. Abschlagen durch Bereitstellung einer Werkzeugangreiffläche zu ermöglichen. Die funktionelle Doppelwirkung der Aufdickungen (14', 14") ist wie zu
Das erste einseitig offene u-förmige Schubbewehrungselement wird mit seiner Öffnung nach oben gerichtet eingebaut indem es in die an dem Schubbewehrungs-Halterungselement (30) vorgesehenen Aufnahmen für die Schubbewehrung (31) eingesteckt wird. Benachbart dazu und somit jeweils ein Paar von Schubbewehrungselementen bildend wird das zweite einseitig offene u-förmige Schubbewehrungselement mit seiner Öffnung nach unten gerichtet eingebaut und indem es in die an dem Schubbewehrungs-Halterungselement (30) vorgesehenen Aufnahmen für die Schubbewehrung (32) eingesteckt wird.The first U-shaped shear reinforcement element, which is open on one side, is installed with its opening facing upwards by inserting it into the receptacles for the shear reinforcement (31) provided on the shear reinforcement holding element (30). Adjacent to this and thus each forming a pair of shear reinforcement elements, the second U-shaped shear reinforcement element, which is open on one side, is installed with its opening directed downwards and is inserted into the receptacles for the shear reinforcement (32) provided on the shear reinforcement holding element (30).
Die Aufnahmen für die Schubbewehrung (31, 32) sind durch u-förmige Führungen gebildet und können mit klammerartigen Aufnahmen zur Fixierung ergänzt sein, um die Fixierung der Schubbewehrungselemente zu gewährleisten. Die Aufnahmen für die Schubbewehrung (31, 32) sind aufgrund der einzuhaltenden Betondeckung im dafür erforderlichen Abstand von den Betonteilaußenkanten und vorzugsweise vertikal angeordnet.The receptacles for the shear reinforcement (31, 32) are formed by U-shaped guides and can be supplemented with clamp-like receptacles for fixation in order to ensure the fixation of the shear reinforcement elements. Due to the concrete cover to be maintained, the receptacles for the shear reinforcement (31, 32) are arranged at the required distance from the outer edges of the concrete part and preferably vertically.
Die endseitig des Schubbewehrungs-Halterungselementes (30) angeordnete Aufnahme für die Schubbewehrung (32) mit der Orientierung der Öffnung nach unten ist taschenförmig ausgebildet, sodass das Schubbewehrungselement stirnseitig eine Anlagefläche erhält und horizontal und vertikal derart fixiert ist, um die geforderte Betondeckung sicherzustellen. Die endseitig des Schubbewehrungs-Halterungselementes (30) angeordnete Aufnahme (31) für die Schubbewehrung mit der Orientierung der Öffnung nach oben ist klammerförmig ausgebildet, sodass das Schubbewehrungselement mit seinem Querbügel aufnehmbar und dadurch horizontal und vertikal derart fixiert ist, um die geforderte Betondeckung sicherzustellen.The receptacle for the shear reinforcement (32) arranged at the end of the shear reinforcement holding element (30) with the orientation of the opening downwards is pocket-shaped, so that the shear reinforcement element has a contact surface on the front side and is fixed horizontally and vertically in such a way as to ensure the required concrete cover. The receptacle (31) for the shear reinforcement arranged at the end of the shear reinforcement holding element (30) with the orientation of the opening upwards is designed in the form of a clamp, so that the shear reinforcement element can be received with its crossbar and is therefore fixed horizontally and vertically in such a way as to ensure the required concrete cover.
Es können Sollbruchstellen (34) zwischen den in einer Ausgestaltungsvariante jeweils paarweise oder registerartig angeordneten Schubbewehrungs-Halterungselementen (30) für die Schubbewehrung vorgesehen sein, um wahlweise die Mehrfachanordnung oder nach entsprechendem Einkürzen die einzelne oder paarweise Verwendung der inneren Halterungselemente (30) zu unterstützen.Predetermined breaking points (34) can be provided for the shear reinforcement between the shear reinforcement holding elements (30), which are arranged in pairs or in register-like manner in one embodiment variant, in order to either support the multiple arrangement or, after appropriate shortening, the individual or paired use of the inner holding elements (30).
Claims (9)
- Modular formwork system for forming a formwork for producing concrete ring anchors, ring beams or lintels (100), comprising at least one lower formwork skin holding element (10) and a formwork skin, in which system the lower formwork skin holding element (10) has at least one formwork skin receptacle (19), such that a formwork skin can be fastened at a defined location, wherein the at least one lower formwork skin holding element (10) can be plugged onto adjoining masonry by means (12, 15), wherein the formwork skin consists of a right and a left formwork panel, characterized in that the lower formwork skin holding element (10) comprises lower tabs which, after plugging onto the adjoining masonry, extend next to the masonry in certain regions, and in that the modular formwork system further comprises an upper holding element (20) with formwork skin receptacles (19), which fixes the upper edge of the formwork skin and can be plugged onto the formwork skin.
- Modular formwork system according to Claim 1, which has at least one receptacle (11, 11') for fixing at least one reinforcing element, such that at least a first reinforcing element can be fastened at a defined location within the space for the concrete part (100), with the result that the required concrete cover (for example in accordance with DIN 1045-1) is maintained.
- Modular formwork system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the modular formwork system comprises a further formwork module in the form of a stirrup reinforcement holding element (30), such that the stirrup reinforcement can be fastened at a defined location within the space for the concrete part (100), with the result that the required concrete cover (for example in accordance with DIN 1045-1) is maintained.
- Modular formwork system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the stirrup reinforcement holding element (30) corresponds geometrically to the lateral formwork skin in such a way that the stirrup reinforcement holding element (30) can be plugged with its formwork skin receptacle (19) onto at least one lateral formwork skin.
- Modular formwork system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the stirrup reinforcement holding element (30) has receptacles (31, 32) for holding stirrup reinforcement elements in stirrup-like form.
- Modular formwork system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that predetermined breaking points (18) are provided in such a way that the parts (12, 12', 13, 13', 14, 14', 14") projecting beyond the structural part to be produced can be severed at the respective predetermined breaking point (18).
- Modular formwork system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the formwork modules (10, 20, 30) consists of two individual parts which can be plugged together.
- Modular formwork system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the formwork modules (10, 20, 30) can be plugged together by having at least one latching-in possibility, such that the latched-in formwork module has at least a fixed width (for example one of the standard wall thicknesses).
- Method for producing a formwork for producing concrete parts (100) using a modular formwork system according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the following work steps:a. fastening the at least one first formwork skin holding element (10) at a defined location,b. plugging the lateral formwork skin on both sides into the formwork skin receptacles (19) of the at least one first formwork skin holding element (10),c. if stirrup reinforcement is required: plugging stirrup reinforcement holding elements (30) with the formwork skin receptacles (19) onto the lateral formwork skin,d. if stirrup reinforcement is required: introducing in each case first u-shaped stirrup reinforcement elements with their opening upwards into the receptacles (31) for the stirrup reinforcement of the stirrup reinforcement holding elements (30),e. introducing the bar-shaped elements for the longitudinal reinforcement into the receptacles (11, 11') of the at least one first formwork skin holding element (10),f. plugging upper holding elements (20) with the formwork skin receptacles (19) onto the lateral formwork skin,g. introducing the bar-shaped elements for the longitudinal reinforcement into the receptacle (11, 11') of the at least one upper holding element (20),h. if stirrup reinforcement is required: introducing in each case second u-shaped stirrup reinforcement elements with their opening downwards into the receptacles (32) for the stirrup reinforcement of the stirrup reinforcement holding elements (30),i. producing the concrete part (100) by pouring free-flowing concrete into the space formed by the modular formwork system,j. severing projecting parts (12, 12', 13, 13', 14, 14', 14") at the respective predetermined breaking point (18).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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DE102014009976 | 2014-07-02 |
Publications (3)
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EP2963205A1 EP2963205A1 (en) | 2016-01-06 |
EP2963205B1 true EP2963205B1 (en) | 2024-03-06 |
EP2963205C0 EP2963205C0 (en) | 2024-03-06 |
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Family Applications (1)
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EP15400029.3A Active EP2963205B1 (en) | 2014-07-02 | 2015-07-02 | Device for formwork |
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EP (1) | EP2963205B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102015008332A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US10914072B2 (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2021-02-09 | JALT Technologies Pty Ltd | Apparatus for arranging steel reinforcement prior to a concrete pour |
DE202017103957U1 (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2018-10-05 | Sven Obernolte | formwork bracket |
CA3030895A1 (en) * | 2019-01-22 | 2020-07-22 | Step Ahead Tools Llc | Concrete form brace with multi-depth rebar positioning |
DE102019007481A1 (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2021-04-29 | Falko Schmidt | Device for laying reinforcement layers for reinforced concrete walls |
CN114197864B (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2023-02-17 | 中建八局第四建设有限公司 | Column cap staggered platform template for guaranteeing thickness of column reinforcement protective layer |
CN115446973A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-12-09 | 国网甘肃省电力公司经济技术研究院 | Reinforced concrete rapid construction mold |
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US6017014A (en) * | 1998-02-23 | 2000-01-25 | Maguire; Joe | Holder for vertical steel rebar |
DE20212134U1 (en) | 2002-08-07 | 2002-10-31 | Hummel, Heinz, 49196 Bad Laer | Ring beam formwork |
US20060188336A1 (en) * | 2005-02-23 | 2006-08-24 | Huber Donald G | Adjustable support bracket for concrete reinforcing bars |
US8231100B2 (en) * | 2005-04-15 | 2012-07-31 | Step Ahead Tools Llc | Concrete form brace having article securing mechanism |
US8348224B2 (en) * | 2008-04-03 | 2013-01-08 | Paladin Industrial, Llc | Tie system for forming poured concrete walls over concrete footings |
DE102013004192A1 (en) | 2012-10-08 | 2014-04-10 | Holzmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | An element |
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2015
- 2015-07-01 DE DE102015008332.5A patent/DE102015008332A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2015-07-02 EP EP15400029.3A patent/EP2963205B1/en active Active
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US3778020A (en) * | 1972-03-09 | 1973-12-11 | C Burrows | Foundation strip for concrete molding |
DE2931563A1 (en) * | 1978-08-09 | 1980-02-14 | Franz Dipl Ing Kirchner | Concrete wall lost formwork panel wire spacer - has asymmetrical outer H-shaped cross wire piece with longer downward section (OE 15.6.79) |
WO1995034728A1 (en) * | 1993-05-17 | 1995-12-21 | Oslo Presstoff Industri A/S | Casting mould arrangement for the embedding of pipes |
DE20016264U1 (en) * | 2000-09-20 | 2000-12-14 | Brühl, Günther, 35083 Wetter | Tension and bearing anchors |
DE102011002241A1 (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2012-10-25 | Elmenhorst Bauspezialartikel Gmbh & Co. Kg | Structural formwork system for forming peripheral tie beam on crown of wall body in building, has spacer elements arranged between edges of formwork elements such that spacer elements are arranged at distance to sides of system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2963205A1 (en) | 2016-01-06 |
DE102015008332A1 (en) | 2016-02-18 |
EP2963205C0 (en) | 2024-03-06 |
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