EP2212122B1 - Protection de documents au moyen d'informations numériques en filigrane - Google Patents

Protection de documents au moyen d'informations numériques en filigrane Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2212122B1
EP2212122B1 EP08843738.9A EP08843738A EP2212122B1 EP 2212122 B1 EP2212122 B1 EP 2212122B1 EP 08843738 A EP08843738 A EP 08843738A EP 2212122 B1 EP2212122 B1 EP 2212122B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
information
layers
document
layer
watermark information
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP08843738.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2212122A1 (fr
Inventor
Edward Springmann
Manfred Paeschke
Oliver Muth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bundesdruckerei GmbH
Covestro Deutschland AG
Original Assignee
Bundesdruckerei GmbH
Covestro Deutschland AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102007052947A external-priority patent/DE102007052947A1/de
Priority claimed from DE102007059746A external-priority patent/DE102007059746A1/de
Priority claimed from DE102007059747A external-priority patent/DE102007059747A1/de
Application filed by Bundesdruckerei GmbH, Covestro Deutschland AG filed Critical Bundesdruckerei GmbH
Priority to PL08843738T priority Critical patent/PL2212122T3/pl
Publication of EP2212122A1 publication Critical patent/EP2212122A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2212122B1 publication Critical patent/EP2212122B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
    • B41M3/10—Watermarks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
    • B41M3/14—Security printing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/333—Watermarks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/378—Special inks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/003—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using security elements
    • G07D7/0034—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using security elements using watermarks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a document and to a document produced according to the method.
  • the document is a security and / or value document.
  • Security and / or value documents in many cases comprise individualizing (in particular personalizing) information which represents an assignment of the security and / or value document to an issuer, a group of persons or the person of the document holder.
  • personalizing information is particularly suitable image information, such as a passport photograph, a fingerprint or other biometric features, but also alphanumeric strings, such as name, address, place of residence or date of birth of the person.
  • security and / or value documents are identity cards, passports, identity (ID) cards, access control cards, visas, tax stamps, tickets, driver's licenses, motor vehicle documents, banknotes, checks, postage stamps, credit cards, any smart cards and adhesive labels (for example for product security).
  • From the DE 41 34 539 A1 is a record carrier with colored image information, which is in particular a value or ID card, and a method for manufacturing known.
  • the image information is divided into a light / dark portion and a color component.
  • the light / dark portion which is intended for the visual impression, is introduced into the recording medium in highly resolved form. This proportion is superimposed on the color image information congruent, so that an integral overall impression is created.
  • one of the parts of the image information is introduced into a card structure.
  • Embodiments are described in which, for example, the light / dark information is introduced by laser engraving into a transparent film which is applied to a printed ticking.
  • the color component is printed on a applied to the film ink-receiving layer or the transparent film.
  • the inlay is provided with the color components of the image information by electrophotographic means. Over the colored fixed toner image, a thin transparent cover film is then arranged, in which the light / dark portion of the image information is baked by means of a laser beam writer.
  • the inlay is provided with black / white information using a conventional method such as ink jet printing and is covered in the following step with a substantially transparent plastic film, which is suitable for recording migrating colors.
  • the colored image components are introduced by means of migrating colors into the depth of the cover layer.
  • the cover film can first be printed with the colored image information.
  • the ink migrates into the interior of the cover layer until UV radiation initiates crosslinking of the cover layer, which stops further migration.
  • the color information is first introduced into the cover layer and subsequently light / dark information is applied using conventional printing methods.
  • the film used, under or in which part of the information is arranged does not form a monolithic connection with the tick and therefore can be removed and / or replaced for counterfeiting.
  • a part of the information is applied directly to the surface and a forgery and / or manipulation particularly easily accessible.
  • the pamphlets US 7,005,003 B2 . EP 0 131 145 B1 . US 5,734,800 and US 6,765,693 B1 describe methods for printing color images with different color separations.
  • security documents are often issued by the issuer as a card whose supporting components are made of plastic.
  • Polycarbonate has proven to be particularly resistant.
  • Such documents should in particular be protected against imitation or it should be reliably detectable that a certain copy was actually issued by the alleged issuer.
  • a document can, for. As described in the preceding paragraphs, be constructed and / or have one or more of the aforementioned features.
  • WO 2007/016148 A2 describes a counterfeiting image feature for laminated plastic cards used for identification and transaction.
  • a microporous silicon dioxide filled polyethylene layer is used, which can be deformed, for example, by imprinting or everting, to create an image that appears like a watermark through subsequently connected layers.
  • the watermarked image is represented by a single graphic on the polyethylene layer sandwiched between two variably opaque white ones Laminated plastic layers.
  • multiple layers of polyethylene may be bonded together, with each layer having one or more images to create connected watermark-like image layers.
  • US 2004/0181671 A discloses methods and systems for the authentication of identification documents and such a document having two or more digital watermarks.
  • the document has a substrate that can be made of paper or plastic. Lamination layers are laminated on opposite sides of the substrate.
  • the substrate can be printed or engraved on both sides.
  • the printing process may be thermal transfer printing, laser printing, ink jet printing and offset printing.
  • the identification document has a digital watermark.
  • the introduction of a digital watermark means that physical or electronic media are modified in order to embed a machine-readable code in the medium.
  • the information can be encoded into a photograph.
  • the substrate may carry a first graphic into which a first plurality of data bits may be encoded.
  • the substrate may also carry a second graphic in which a second plurality of data bits are encoded. The first plurality of data bits and the second plurality of data bits cooperate to verify the authenticity of the security document.
  • US 6,663,945 describes a multilayer card having a base layer, a watermark layer, an image layer, and an opaque layer.
  • the print medium on which the image layer is printed by thermal transfer printing may be made of suitable polymers including PVC, PC, ABS, PPS and PETG.
  • the image layer may have a cyan color layer, a magenta color layer, a yellow color layer, a black color layer, and a white color layer.
  • a thermal transfer printing device may also transfer the watermark layer to the multi-layer card.
  • watermark information is introduced into the image information of at least two different layers of a document and the watermark information is designed such that only the entirety of the watermark information in the at least two layers forms a security feature for authentication of the document.
  • the layer is meant a mostly planar area in a document defined in a direction transverse to the plane or layer by its position in the document.
  • the layer extends in a commercially available card-shaped document, e.g. an identity card, at a constant distance from the surface of the card.
  • the term "substrate” is to be distinguished.
  • a substrate e.g. Several substrates or layers of material are laminated together, so that they give a composite material.
  • a first layer may lie through a first surface of the substrate, a second layer through a second surface of the substrate on the opposite side, and a third layer within the substrate.
  • a layer will usually contain only a maximum of two layers of image information.
  • Some of the features described below relate to a manufacturing process and to a document produced in the manufacturing process. Also described are features of an authentication method and an authentication device. If a feature refers to several such categories, but the feature is actually described in more detail only in one category, the description applies accordingly to the other categories as well.
  • the entirety of the watermark information in the at least two layers can be formed in different ways.
  • the entirety of the watermark information can be divided into parts in different ways and introduced into the individual layers.
  • the watermark information may be provided with other additional information so that the entirety of the watermark information in these cases does not merely result from simply joining the watermark information in the at least two layers.
  • the additional information can be information about where and / or in which layers other partial information of the entirety is located and / or how to proceed in the evaluation of the partial information, about the entirety of the watermark information to obtain.
  • the detection of the watermark information contained in the individual layers can proceed in different ways.
  • an additional summary detection of watermark information can take place in at least two layers. If, for example, the image information in a first layer is represented exclusively by a first color and the image information in a second layer is represented exclusively by a second, different color, the watermark information from the individual layers can be detected by color-selective detection. A summary detection of the watermark information in both layers is done for example by a non-color-selective detection.
  • the summary detection usually contains less information than can be obtained by processing the information from different layers.
  • the aggregated multi-layer information may also contain additional information that is not obtained by acquiring the information in the individual layers.
  • additional information that is not obtained by acquiring the information in the individual layers.
  • One reason for this is that, depending on the detection method, not all the information contained in a layer is captured in all cases. For example, in the case of an optical detection, one reason for this may lie in the fact that further layers whose information is not to be detected disturb the detection and / or the Capture is not sensitive to the entire spectrum.
  • Another reason may be that part of the information contained in a layer can only be detected if substances in the layer are excited by irradiation with electromagnetic radiation of a specific wavelength and therefore emit radiation of characteristic wavelength. Such a fluorescence makes it possible to detect at which points the fluorescent material is located.
  • the watermark information in at least one of the layers is introduced only in a partial area of the image area.
  • the picture surface is understood to mean the surface within a layer in which the image information is located. Since the watermark information is only in the subarea, finding it is difficult for a viewer who is not previously informed. For the informed viewer or user of readout devices, however, the detection and further processing of the watermark information is facilitated and improved by the knowledge of the subarea if the subareas in which watermark information is located do not lie in different layers or at least do not completely overlap one another. It is e.g. possible to detect and / or evaluate the subareas with the watermark information with a higher resolution than the other image areas.
  • the subregions with the watermark information can also be selected such that their particular optical detection from a direction that is perpendicular to the layer plane is not obstructed by substrate material or printed matter in other layers.
  • the watermark information in a first layer contains information on which partial area in the first layer or in a second layer other watermark information is arranged and / or how the watermark information is to be evaluated in the second layer and / or in another subregion of the first layer.
  • secret rules are defined as to evaluate the watermark information in the first layer (containing the additional information about the device or evaluation)
  • a potential counterfeiter can not access the entirety of the watermark information.
  • the watermark information can also be personalized. If the potential forger the principle, such as the personalization of watermark information can not recognize, he also can not create a correctly personalized document for another person.
  • the watermark information is digital watermark information (in the case of claim 8 only preferably), which in particular is not or at least not perceivable by the naked eye, i. the observer can not recognize that there is watermark information in the image when viewing the image composed of the image information of the individual layers.
  • digital watermark information in the case of claim 8 only preferably
  • the introduction of watermark information into image information is known per se. A document describing such methods has been given above. In the description of the present invention, therefore, the production of watermark information and the incorporation of watermark information into image information will not be discussed in detail.
  • the watermark information which is introduced in different layers, only in its entirety forms an evaluable authentication information.
  • the watermark information from only one layer or not all layers and / or not all sub-regions in all layers in which watermark information is located is not sufficient to determine whether the document is authentic.
  • the watermark information, if not in its entirety, is preferably not evaluable, i. it can not be a part of the total evaluated.
  • An evaluation means that a result can be determined.
  • An example of such a design is a set of information that i.a. is evaluated by the fact that a total checksum is calculated. If a part of the whole is missing, the checksum can not be calculated.
  • the invention is at least partially dependent on predetermined rules as to how to handle the overall watermark information contained in the document.
  • Part of the method for producing a document is therefore also, for example, a method step in which the watermark information, taking into account the evaluation rule and / or the rule for acquiring the watermark information from the document, is first processed such that after the watermark information has been introduced into the document Document a capture and / or evaluation actually leads to the desired result.
  • the invention also includes an embodiment in which a subset of the totality of all the watermark information incorporated in the document can also be evaluated.
  • a subset of the totality of all the watermark information incorporated in the document can also be evaluated.
  • information about the document holder, issuer, or document e.g., document number
  • the image information in the individual layers of the document are represented by a different color in each case.
  • the base colors of a color system or color space such as red-green-blue, RGB, or cyan-magenta-yellow-black, CMYK
  • RGB red-green-blue
  • CMYK cyan-magenta-yellow-black
  • the assignment of a color to the respective layer increases the security against counterfeiting, since an unambiguous assignment of the watermark information to the respective color is thus also established.
  • the color can be used to selectively capture the watermark information of a particular layer, e.g. using color filters during optical detection.
  • Coding in a particular embodiment of the present invention are also understood to mean “shades of gray”. For example, a dark gray tone is used in a first layer and a light gray tone is used for the image information in a second layer. However, this makes it difficult to optically capture the image information selectively in the individual layers.
  • the overall picture may be z. B. act a passport photograph or a logo.
  • an image which is formed by image information in a plurality of layers also means any other design that can be achieved by printing on a substrate.
  • text can be graphic and printed from multicolor letters.
  • image information is / are introduced in each case in a plurality of layers of the document, so that the image information is supplemented to form an overall picture.
  • the positions of the layers are preferably defined by surfaces of different substrates.
  • the overall image information is decomposed into at least two print separations, the z. B. each contain a partial information of the overall picture.
  • the print separations are also impressed with the watermark information.
  • the at least two print separations are printed on at least two different substrate surfaces, so that the printed print separations fit over each other and together make up the overall picture.
  • the (in particular layered) substrates can be joined together by lamination.
  • the at least two print separations are in these cases printed in at least two spaced-apart planes, but not necessarily on as many different substrates as layers containing image information.
  • the present invention relates to a document which has a composite of polycarbonate material layers, which may optionally also contain layers of other materials, for example of cardboard or paper.
  • the association serves the production of security and / or value documents.
  • the document comprises a polycarbonate material multilayer composite, e.g. B. is welded in transparent protective films.
  • a polycarbonate material multilayer composite e.g. B. is welded in transparent protective films.
  • other elements and devices may be part of the document, e.g. B. a microchip and an antenna structure for wireless readout of the microchip.
  • other materials may be incorporated in the polymeric material, e.g. B. secret additives.
  • the image information can be printed or printed on in a manner known per se on individual layers of the polycarbonate material multilayer composite.
  • a preferred printing method is inkjet printing or other digital printing method, since digital printing can be used to easily personalize documents, i. H. for example, for the person of the future document holder (for example by printing a passport photograph).
  • the polymer material layers can, identically or differently, be based on a polymer material from the group comprising PC (polycarbonate, especially bisphenol A polycarbonate), PET (polyethylene glycol terephthalate), PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers), PE (polyethylene), PP (Polypropylene), PI (polyimide or poly-trans-isoprene), PVC (polyvinyl chloride) and copolymers of such polymers.
  • PC polycarbonate, especially bisphenol A polycarbonate
  • PET polyethylene glycol terephthalate
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • TPU thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers
  • PE polyethylene
  • PP Polypropylene
  • PI polyimide or poly-trans-isoprene
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • a plurality of adjacent material layers of the document are each formed by a polycarbonate material.
  • PC materials wherein, for example, but by no means necessarily, so-called low-T g materials are used, in particular for a polymer material layer on which a printing layer is applied, and / or for a polymer material layer, which with a Polymermateriallage , which carries a print layer, is connected on the side with the print layer.
  • Low-T g materials are polymers whose glass transition temperature is below 140 ° C.
  • the polymer material layers can be filled or unfilled.
  • the filled polymer material layers contain, in particular, color pigments or other fillers.
  • the polymer material layers can also be dyed with dyes or colorless and, in the latter case, transparent or translucent.
  • the base polymer of at least one of the polymer material layers to be bonded contains the same or different mutually reactive groups, wherein at a laminating temperature of less than 200 ° C. reactive groups of a first polymer material layer with one another and / or react with reactive groups of a second polymeric material layer.
  • This can reduce the lamination temperature without endangering the intimate bond of the laminated layers.
  • various polymer material layers with reactive groups this is due to the fact that the various polymer material layers can no longer be readily delaminated due to the reaction of the respective reactive groups.
  • a reactive coupling as it were a reactive lamination.
  • due to the lower lamination temperature it is possible to prevent a change in a colored printing layer, in particular a color change, from being prevented. In particular, therefore, it is also possible to accommodate with the naked eye unrecognizable watermark information in the printed image.
  • the glass transition temperature T g of the at least one polymer material layer prior to thermal lamination is less than 120 ° C (or less than 110 ° C or less than 100 ° C), wherein the glass transition temperature of this Polymermateriallage after the thermal lamination Reaction of reactive groups of the base polymer of the polymer material layer with each other by at least 5 ° C, preferably at least 20 ° C, higher than the glass transition temperature before the thermal lamination.
  • the glass transition temperature T g of the at least one polymer material layer prior to thermal lamination is less than 120 ° C (or less than 110 ° C or less than 100 ° C), wherein the glass transition temperature of this Polymermateriallage after the thermal lamination Reaction of reactive groups of the base polymer of the polymer material layer with each other by at least 5 ° C, preferably at least 20 ° C, higher than the glass transition temperature before the thermal lamination.
  • the lamination temperature when using such polymer materials less than 180 ° C, more preferably still less than 150 ° C.
  • suitable reactive groups is readily possible for a person skilled in the art of polymer chemistry.
  • the reactive groups may be attached directly to the base polymer or linked to the base polymer via a spacer group.
  • Suitable spacer groups are all spacer groups known to the person skilled in the art of polymer chemistry.
  • the spacer groups may also be oligomers or polymers which impart elasticity, whereby a risk of breakage of the security and / or value document is reduced. Such elasticity-promoting spacer groups are known to the person skilled in the art and therefore need not be further described here.
  • base polymer in the context of the above statements designates a polymer structure which does not bear any groups reactive under the lamination conditions used. These may be homopolymers or copolymers. Compared to the polymers mentioned also modified polymers are included.
  • the respective layers are arranged in a polymer material multilayer composite on internal layers of the composite, i. H. Layers that do not form the surface of the layer composite. In this case, counterfeiting or falsification of printing layers serving as security features is made difficult or even impossible. This is also advantageous for the unchanged preservation of the watermark information.
  • a security feature for example at least part of the overall watermark information
  • the Printing materials contain binders which at least substantially consist of the same polymer as the material of the layers of the layer composite.
  • the risk of delaminations is virtually eliminated because when laminating a monolithic composite of the individual layers is formed.
  • a plurality of adjacent material layers of polycarbonate is / is formed and the image information in at least one of the layers is / is formed by printing materials which contain polycarbonate-based binders.
  • the printed materials can be printed on inner layers of the layer composite, in which case in particular all layers of the layer composite adjacent to the printed layers are formed from polycarbonate.
  • a preparation comprising: A) 0.1 to 20 wt .-% of a binder with a polycarbonate derivative, B) 30 to 99.9 wt .-% of a preferably organic solvent or solvent mixture, C) 0 to 10 wt D) 0 to 10% by weight of a functional material or a mixture of functional materials, E) 0 to 30% by weight of additives and / or auxiliaries , or a mixture of such substances, wherein the sum of the components A) to E) always gives 100 wt .-%, as a printing ink.
  • Such polycarbonate derivatives are highly compatible with polycarbonate materials, in particular with polycarbonates based on bisphenol A, such as, for example, Makrofol® films.
  • the polycarbonate derivative used is stable to high temperatures and shows no discoloration at lamination-typical temperatures up to 200 ° C and more, whereby the use of the above-described low-Tg materials is not necessary.
  • the polycarbonate derivative may contain functional carbonate structural units of the formula (I) wherein R 1 and R 2 independently of one another are hydrogen, halogen, preferably chlorine or bromine, C 1 -C 8 -alkyl, C 1 -C 6 -cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 10 -aryl, preferably phenyl, and C 7 -C 12 -Aralkyl, preferably phenyl-C 1 -C 4 alkyl, in particular benzyl, are; m is an integer from 4 to 7, preferably 4 or 5; R 3 and R 4 are individually selectable for each X, independently of one another is hydrogen or C 1 -C 6 alkyl; X is carbon and n is an integer greater than 20, with the proviso that on at least one atom X, R 3 and R 4 are simultaneously alkyl.
  • R 1 and R 2 independently of one another are hydrogen, halogen, preferably chlorine or bromine, C 1 -C 8 -alkyl, C 1 -C
  • X, R 3 and R 4 may be simultaneously alkyl at 1 to 2 atoms, in particular only at one atom.
  • R 3 and R 4 may be in particular methyl.
  • the X atoms in the ⁇ -position to the diphenyl-substituted C atom (C1) may not be dialkyl-substituted.
  • the X atoms in ⁇ -position to C1 can be disubstituted with alkyl.
  • m 4 or 5.
  • the polycarbonate derivative can be prepared, for example, on the basis of monomers, such as 4,4 '- (3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane-1,1-diyl) diphenol, 4,4' - (3,3- dimethylcyclohexane-1,1-diyl) diphenol, or 4,4 '- (2,4,4-trimethylcyclopentane-1,1-diyl) diphenol.
  • a polycarbonate derivative can be used, for example, according to the literature DE-A 38 32 396 be prepared from diphenols of the formula (Ia). It is possible to use both a diphenol of the formula (Ia) to form homopolycarbonates and a plurality of diphenols of the formula (Ia) to form copolycarbonates (meaning of radicals, groups and parameters, as in formula I).
  • diphenols of the formula (Ia) may also be mixed with other diphenols, for example with those of the formula (Ib) HO-Z-OH (Ib), be used for the preparation of high molecular weight, thermoplastic, aromatic polycarbonate derivatives.
  • Suitable other diphenols of the formula (Ib) are those in which Z is an aromatic radical having 6 to 30 C atoms, which may contain one or more aromatic nuclei, may be substituted, and aliphatic radicals or cycloaliphatic radicals other than those of the formula (II) Ia) or heteroatoms may contain as bridge members.
  • diphenols of the formula (Ib) are hydroquinone, resorcinol, dihydroxydiphenyls, bi- (hydroxyphenyl) alkanes, bis (hydroxyphenyl) -cycloalkanes, bis (hydroxyphenyl) sulfides, bis (hydroxyphenyl) ether, bis ( hydroxyphenyl) ketones, bis (hydroxyphenyl) sulfones, bis (hydroxyphenyl) sulfoxides, ⁇ , ⁇ '-bis (hydroxyphenyl) diisopropylbenzenes, and their nuclear alkylated and nuclear halogenated compounds.
  • diphenols of the formula (Ib) are hydroquinone, resorcinol, dihydroxydiphenyls, bi- (hydroxyphenyl) alkanes, bis (hydroxyphenyl) -cycloalkanes, bis (hydroxyphenyl) sulfides, bis (hydroxyphenyl) ether, bis ( hydroxyphenyl)
  • Preferred other diphenols are, for example: 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,4-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-methylbutane, 1,1-bis ( 4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexane, ⁇ , ⁇ -bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -p-diisopropylbenzene, 2,2-bis (3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane, 2,2-bis (3-methyl) chloro-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane, bis (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -methane, 2,2-bis (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane, bis (3, 5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) sulfone, 2,4-bis (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-methylbutane, 1,1-bis (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclo
  • diphenols of the formula (Ib) are, for example, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane, 2,2-bis- (3,5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane, 2,2-bis (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane and 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -cyclohexane.
  • 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane is preferred.
  • the other diphenols can be used both individually and in a mixture.
  • Diphenols of the formula (Ia) should be between 100 mol% (Ia) to 0 mol% (Ib) and 2 mol% (Ia) to 98 mol% (Ib), preferably between 100 mol% (Ia) to 0 mol% (Ib) and 10 mol% (Ia) to 90 mol% (Ib) and especially between 100 mol% (Ia) to 0 mol% (Ib) and 30 mol% (Ia) to 70 mol% (Ib).
  • the high molecular weight polycarbonate derivatives from the diphenols of the formula (Ia), optionally in combination with other diphenols, can be prepared by the known polycarbonate production processes.
  • the various diphenols can be linked together both statistically and in blocks.
  • the polycarbonate derivatives used can be branched in a manner known per se. If the branching is desired, this can in known manner by condensing small amounts, preferably amounts of 0.05 to 2.0 mol% (based on diphenols), of trifunctional or more than trifunctional compounds, especially those with three or more than three phenolic hydroxyl groups.
  • Some branching agents having three or more than three phenolic hydroxyl groups are phloroglucinol, 4,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -heptene-2,4,6-dimethyl-2,4,6-tri - (4-hydroxyphenyl) heptane, 1,3,5-tri (4-hydroxyphenyl) benzene, 1,1,1-tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -ethane, tri- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -phenylmethane , 2,2-bis [4,4-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexyl] propane, -2,4-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl-isopropyl) -phenol, 2,6-bis (2 -hydroxy-5-methyl-benzyl) -4-methylphenol, 2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2- (2,4-dihydroxyphenyl) -propane, hexa- [4- (4-hydroxyphenyl-isopropy
  • Some of the other trifunctional compounds are 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, trimesic acid, cyanuric chloride and 3,3-bis (3-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-oxo-2,3-dihydroindole
  • Molecular weight of the polycarbonate derivatives are mono functional compounds in conventional concentrates. Suitable compounds are, for example, phenol, tert-butylphenols or other alkyl-substituted phenols.
  • phenols of the formula (Ic) are suitable wherein R represents a branched C 8 and / or C 9 alkyl radical.
  • the chain terminators are generally used in amounts of 0.5 to 10, preferably 1.5 to 8 mol%, based on diphenols used.
  • the polycarbonate derivatives may preferably be prepared according to the interfacial behavior (cf. H. Schnell, Chemistry and Physics of Polycarbonates, Polymer Reviews, Vol. IX, p. 33ff., Interscience Publ. 1964 ) are prepared in a conventional manner.
  • the diphenols of the formula (Ia) are dissolved in an aqueous alkaline phase.
  • mixtures of diphenols of the formula (Ia) and the other diphenols, for example those of the formula (Ib), are used.
  • chain terminators of, for example, the formula (Ic) can be added.
  • organic phase is reacted with phosgene by the method of interfacial condensation.
  • the reaction temperature is in the range of 0 ° C to 40 ° C.
  • the optionally used with branching agents can be presented either with the diphenols in the aqueous alkaline phase or dissolved in the organic solvent added before phosgenation.
  • diphenols of the formula (Ia) and, if appropriate, other diphenols (Ib) their mono- and / or bis-chlorocarbonic acid esters may also be used, these being added dissolved in organic solvents.
  • the amount of chain terminators and of branching agents then depends on the molar amount of diphenolate radicals corresponding to formula (Ia) and optionally formula (Ib); When using chloroformates the amount of phosgene can be reduced accordingly in a known manner.
  • Suitable organic solvents for the chain terminators and optionally for the branching agents and the chloroformates are, for example, methylene chloride, chlorobenzene and in particular mixtures of methylene chloride and chlorobenzene.
  • the chain terminators and branching agents used can be dissolved in the same solvent.
  • methylene chloride, chlorobenzene and mixtures of methylene chloride and chlorobenzene serve as the organic phase for the interfacial polycondensation.
  • the aqueous alkaline phase used is, for example, NaOH solution.
  • the preparation of the polycarbonate derivatives by the interfacial process can in the usual way by catalysts such as tertiary amines, in particular tertiary aliphatic amines, such as Tributylamine or triethylamine; the catalysts can be used in amounts of 0.05 to 10 mol%, based on moles of diphenols used.
  • the catalysts can be added before the beginning of the phosgenation or during or after the phosgenation.
  • the polycarbonate derivatives can be prepared by the known method in the homogeneous phase, the so-called "pyridine process" and by the known melt transesterification process using, for example, diphenyl carbonate instead of phosgene.
  • the polycarbonate derivatives may be linear or branched, they are homopolycarbonates or copolycarbonates based on the diphenols of the formula (Ia).
  • the diphenols of the formula (Ia) are present in amounts of from 100 mol% to 2 mol%, preferably in amounts of from 100 mol% to 10 mol% and in particular in amounts of from 100 mol% to 30 mol% %, based on the total amount of 100 mol% of diphenol units contained in polycarbonate derivatives.
  • the polycarbonate derivative may be a copolymer comprising, in particular consisting thereof, monomer units M1 based on the formula (Ib), preferably bisphenol A, and monomer units M2 based on the geminally disubstituted dihydroxydiphenylcycloalkane, preferably the 4,4 '- (3,3,5 -trimethylcyclohexane-1,1-diyl) diphenol, wherein the molar ratio M2 / M1 is preferably greater than 0.3, in particular greater than 0.4, for example greater than 0.5. It is preferred that the polycarbonate derivative has a weight average molecular weight of at least 10,000, preferably from 20,000 to 300,000.
  • component B may be substantially organic or aqueous.
  • Substantially aqueous means that up to 20% by weight of component B) can be organic solvents.
  • Substantially organic means that up to 5% by weight of water may be present in component B).
  • Component B preferably contains one or consists of a liquid aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and / or aromatic hydrocarbon, a liquid organic ester and / or a mixture of such substances.
  • the organic solvents used are preferably halogen-free organic solvents.
  • aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic hydrocarbons such as mesitylene, 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene, cumene and solvent naphtha, toluene, xylene; (organic) esters such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, methoxypropyl acetate, ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate.
  • (organic) esters such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, methoxypropyl acetate, ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate.
  • a suitable solvent mixture comprises, for example, L1) 0 to 10% by weight, preferably 1 to 5% by weight, in particular 2 to 3% by weight, mesitylene, L2) 10 to 50% by weight, preferably 25 to 50% by weight %, in particular 30 to 40% by weight, 1-methoxy-2-propanol acetate, L3) 0 to 20% by weight, preferably 1 to 20% by weight, in particular 7 to 15% by weight, 1 , 2,4-trimethylbenzene, L4) 10 to 50 wt.%, Preferably 25 to 50 wt.%, In particular 30 to 40 wt.%, Ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate, L5) 0 to 10 wt.
  • the preparation may contain in detail: A) 0.1 to 10 wt .-%, in particular 0.5 to 5 wt .-%, of a binder with a polycarbonate derivative based on a geminal disubstituted dihydroxydiphenylcycloalkane, B) 40 to 99.9 wt %, in particular 45 to 99.5% by weight, of an organic solvent or solvent mixture, C) 0.1 to 6% by weight, in particular 0.5 to 4% by weight, of a colorant or colorant mixture, D ) 0.001 to 6 wt .-%, in particular 0.1 to 4 wt .-%, of a functional material or a mixture of functional materials, E) 0.1 to 30 wt .-%, in particular 1 to 20 wt .-%, Additives and / or auxiliaries, or a mixture of such substances.
  • colorant is all colorants. That means it can be both colorant (a review of dyes there Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Electronic Release 2007, Wiley Publishing, Chapter “Dyes, General Survey ”) as well as pigments (gives an overview of organic and inorganic pigments Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Electronic Release 2007, Wiley Verlag, chapter “Pigments, Organic” and “Pigments, Inorganic Dyes should be soluble or (stably) dispersible or suspendible in the solvents of component B. It is furthermore advantageous if the colorant is stable at temperatures of 160 ° C.
  • the colorant of a given and reproducible Color change is subjected to the processing conditions and selected accordingly.
  • pigments must be present in particular in the finest particle size distribution. For inkjet printing, this means in practice that the particle size should not exceed 1.0 ⁇ m, since otherwise blockages in the print head are the result.
  • nanoscale solid-state pigments and dissolved dyes have proven their worth.
  • the colorants may be cationic, anionic or even neutral. Only examples of colorants which can be used in ink-jet printing are: Brilliant black CI No. 28440, Chromogen black CI No. 14645, Direct deep black E CI No. 30235, true black salt B CI No.
  • anthraquinone, azo, quinophthalone, coumarin, methine, perinone, and / or pyrazole dyes for example those obtainable under the trade name Macrolex®, can be used as soluble colorants reference Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Electronic Release 2007, Wiley Publishing, Chapter "Colorants Used in Ink Jet Inks Well-soluble colorants lead to an optimal integration into the matrix or the binder of the print layer
  • the colorants can be added either directly as a dye or pigment or as a paste, a mixture of dye and pigment together with another binder additional binder should be chemically compatible with the other components of the formulation, if such a paste is used as a colorant, the quantity of component B refers to the colorant without the other components of the paste, these other components of the paste
  • Component D comprises substances that can be seen directly by the human eye or by the use of suitable detectors using technical aids.
  • materials known to those skilled in the art (see also van Renesse in: "Optical document security", 3rd ed., Artech House, 2005 ), which are used to secure value and security documents.
  • luminescent substances dye or pigments, organic or inorganic
  • photoluminophores such as photoluminophores, electroluminophores, Antistokes luminophores, fluorophores but also magnetizable, photoacoustically addressable or piezoelectric materials.
  • Raman-active or Raman-enhancing materials can be used, as well as so-called barcode materials.
  • the preferred criteria are either the solubility in the component B or pigmented systems particle sizes ⁇ 1 micron and a temperature stability for temperatures> 160 ° C in the sense of the comments on the component C.
  • Functional materials can be added directly or via a paste, ie a mixture with a further binder, which then forms part of component E, or the binder of component A.
  • Component E of inks for ink-jet printing includes conventionally prepared materials such as anti-foaming agents, modifiers, wetting agents, surfactants, flow agents, dryers, catalysts, (light) stabilizers, preservatives, biocides, surfactants, organic viscosity adjusting polymers, buffer systems.
  • adjusting agents are customary actuating salts in question. An example of this is sodium lactate.
  • biocides all commercially available preservatives which are used for inks come into question. Examples are Proxel®GXL and Parmetol® A26.
  • Suitable surfactants are all commercially available surfactants which are used for inks. Preferred are amphoteric or nonionic surfactants.
  • surfactants which do not alter the properties of the dye.
  • suitable surfactants are betaines, ethoxylated diols. Examples are the product series Surfynol® and Tergitol®.
  • the amount of surfactants is particularly selected when used for ink-jet printing, for example, provided that the surface tension of the ink is in the range of 10 to 60 mN / m, preferably 20 to 45 mN / m, measured at 25 ° C.
  • a buffer system can be set up which stabilizes the pH in the range from 2.5 to 8.5, in particular in the range from 5 to 8.
  • Suitable buffer systems are lithium acetate, borate buffer, triethanolamine or acetic acid / sodium acetate.
  • One Buffer system will come in particular in the case of a substantially aqueous component B in question.
  • To adjust the viscosity of the ink (possibly water-soluble) polymers can be provided.
  • all suitable for conventional ink formulations polymers come into question.
  • Examples are water-soluble starch, in particular having an average molecular weight of 3,000 to 7,000, polyvinylpyrrolidone, especially having an average molecular weight of 25,000 to 250,000, polyvinyl alcohol, especially having an average molecular weight of 10,000 to 20,000, xanthan gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, ethylene oxide / propylene oxide block copolymer , in particular having an average molecular weight of from 1,000 to 8,000.
  • An example of the latter block copolymer is the product series Pluronic®.
  • the proportion of biocide, based on the total amount of ink may be in the range of 0 to 0.5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 0.3% by weight.
  • the proportion of surfactant can range from 0 to 0.2 wt .-%.
  • the proportion of adjusting agents based on the total amount of ink, 0 to 1 wt .-%, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 wt .-%, amount.
  • the auxiliaries also include other components, such as, for example, acetic acid, formic acid or n-methylpyrolidone or other polymers from the dye solution or paste used.
  • component E is supplemented, for example, on Ullmann's Encyclopaedia of Chemical Industry, Electronic Release 2007, Wiley Publishing, Chapter “Paints and Coatings", Section “Paint Additives ", directed.
  • ink composition is particularly suitable for ink-jet printing, but may be used for any other printing technique as long as the ratio of the individual components to the application is adjusted.
  • Essential in this context is that the composition described in the case of the at least one layer in the subject matter of claim 1 and claim 8 as binder contains a polycarbonate derivative.
  • the image information is formed by pixels (pixels) of ink-jet printing at least in one of the layers having watermark information.
  • a printed image is particularly well suited for introducing digital watermarks into image information.
  • the watermark can be introduced into the image information by changing the shape, size and / or composition of pixels of the printed image.
  • a pixel composed of a plurality of sub-areas of predefined shape and / or size may encode a pixel that is part of the watermark information. If a pixel has a different shape, it may be z. B. not for watermark information.
  • Fig. 1 shows five layers 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 (material layers) of a document 1 in exploded view from the side, ie, the top layer 3 and the bottom layer 11 form the outer surfaces of the document 1.
  • the representation can also be used as a representation Intermediate step in the preparation of the document 1 are understood. In this case shows Fig. 1 the condition immediately before laminating layers 3-11.
  • Three inner layers 5, 7, 9 of the document 1 each have a portion 15, 17, 19 on its lower surface.
  • image information in the form of a printed image preferably an inkjet print image, is printed.
  • each of the print images is executed in a single base color of a multi-component color system, eg RGB or CMYK.
  • a multi-component color system eg RGB or CMYK.
  • the document may have more layers, which may also be printed in subregions, for example, with the missing fourth color of the CMYK color space.
  • the printed subregions 15, 17, 19 are thus positioned in the layers 5, 7, 9 and are arranged before lamination to each other so that the printed images in the Subregions 15, 17, 19 when viewing the outer surface (from below and / or from above) of the document 1 give an overall picture. In the case of the color systems mentioned, therefore, the overall picture is generally multi-colored.
  • At least two of the partial areas 15, 17, 19 each contain watermark information in the printed image.
  • the watermark information is carried out according to claim 1 as information of a digital watermark, which is preferably not perceptible to a viewer or only with technical aids.
  • layers 5, 7, 9 may be, for example, the layers of the document 1 according to Fig. 1 act. These layers in turn have a portion 15, 17, 19, which is printed with image information.
  • each of the regions 15, 17, 19 has a subregion 25, 27, 29 which contains watermark information. Outside these subregions 25, 27, 29, image information is likewise present, but no watermark information.
  • these subregions 25, 27, 29 are not superimposed on the precise lamination of the layers 5, 7, 9. Even if the unaware viewer or potential counterfeiter should recognize a watermark when viewing the surface of the document 1, he does not notice that the overall watermark information is distributed over the three layers of the layers 5, 7, 9.
  • the watermark information is distributed over the layers.
  • the partial regions 25, 27, 29 could overlap in whole or in part, the notion of overlapping assuming that the regions 15, 17, 19 in the illustration of FIG Fig. 2 viewed from above or below.
  • Fig. 3 shows in the top left of the picture a document 1, which is for example the in Fig. 1 and or Fig. 2 described document can act.
  • first watermark information is acquired from a print image 15 of the document 1.
  • the entire image information in the print image 15 is detected.
  • this is merely the image information in a first layer of document 1.
  • the entire print image in the layer is printed in a single color (eg, yellow).
  • the watermark information can then be extracted from the printed image by methods known per se, for example using predefined evaluation rules.
  • the extraction of the first watermark information is in Fig. 3 represented by the block 33.
  • the first watermark information is fed to an evaluation 37.
  • this is only a part of the total watermark information contained in the document 1 before.
  • the image need not be an image in a continuous area. Rather, the invention also covers cases in which a plurality of images or partial images are distributed over the area of the document that offers the viewer.
  • the watermark information can also be distributed over these multiple images or partial images.
  • step 39 image information which also contains watermark information is acquired from a second layer in which the print image 17 is located. For example, In the manner already described, second watermark information is thus obtained in step 41, which is fed to the evaluation 37 in step 43.
  • image information is acquired from a print image 19 from a third layer of the document 1 (step 45), third watermark information is extracted (step 47), and the third watermark information is fed to the evaluation 37 in step 49.
  • the watermark information may be extracted from a different number of layers (eg, two or four layers of document 1).
  • the image areas in which the watermark information is located in the individual layers may completely or partially overlap one another or they may not overlap one another.
  • the total information required for the authentication may not be contained exclusively in the image composed by the partial print images in the individual layers. Rather, further information contained in the document can be combined together with the watermark information contained in the image into an overall information, it being this total information that enables the decision as to whether the document is authentic.
  • Examples of how further information can be contained in the document are digital data memories (eg a memory chip) and optically recognizable information which optionally can also be encoded, eg in the MRZ (Machine Readable Zone).
  • Fig. 4 shows an embodiment with evaluation of print image information in only two different layers of a document 1.
  • print image information is acquired from a print image 15 in a first layer (step 51).
  • first watermark information is extracted therefrom. From the procedure according to Fig. 3 The method differs now in that information obtained from the first watermark information in step 55 is used to control the acquisition and / or evaluation of further watermark information.
  • the first watermark information includes information about where second watermark information is to be captured in the document, ie, for example, in which portion of which layer of the document 1 the second watermark information is contained.
  • the layer can be defined by the assigned color.
  • step 59 image information is acquired using the information from step 55 in a second layer having a print image 17, and in step 61 the searched second watermark information is extracted.
  • print images 15, 17, 19 according to Fig. 3 can print images 15,17 according to Fig. 4 in a preferred embodiment each of a single color of a Be formed color system.
  • the printed image is formed, for example, from printing materials of yellow color.
  • the print images 17 according to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are therefore formed, for example, from printing materials of the color magenta.
  • the first and second watermark information extracted in steps 53, 61 are fed to the evaluation 37 in steps 57, 63.
  • Fig. 4 The procedure described can be modified. In particular, she can also with the basis of Fig. 3 can be combined. Thus, it is possible, for example, to detect and extract watermark information from different layers completely independently of each other and to use watermark information of individual layers to find, capture and extract watermark information in other layers. Furthermore, in the evaluation 37, which will be described in more detail, watermark information from individual subregions or individual layers can be used to control the evaluation of watermark information from other layers or the overall watermark information.
  • each of the watermark information in each layer contains a digital watermark that contains separate information independent of the other watermarks.
  • the name of the document owner is determined from the first watermark information
  • the date of birth of the document owner is determined from the second watermark information
  • the document number is determined from the third watermark information. This information can now be compared with the information obtained from the plain text on the document or, for example, from the MRZ of the document. If, for example, the name, date of birth or document number do not match, the document is not authentic.
  • the watermark information can be encrypted, so that it can only be obtained from the watermark if the key is known.
  • a cryptographic hash function has been applied for generating the watermark information so that from the watermark information can not be deduced the original, the watermark underlying information.
  • the original information is also used to generate a comparison information for checking the authenticity using the hash function.
  • the information contained in the watermark may, for example, have been signed with a signature of the issuer in order to unambiguously prove the origin.
  • the total information can be composed, for example, of the sum or of another predetermined logical combination of the individual watermark information. For example, from the first, second and third watermarks according to Fig. 3 obtained bit sequences are strung together in a predetermined manner, so that a single 'total bit sequence is obtained.
  • the evaluation in this case also means the detection and extraction of the individual watermark information
  • already extracted watermark information is used to control e.g. the decryption of watermark information, the order of extraction of watermark information and / or the evaluation of other watermark information in the same document and / or used to determine redundant information.
  • the already extracted watermark information may specify the evaluation method to be used (e.g., transformation from the color amplitude space to the frequency space).
  • a part of the watermark information (eg the watermark information in the layer which is assigned the color yellow) can be evaluated by itself and independently of the further watermark information and watermark information from other planes (eg a second plane containing the color Magenta is assigned and a third level, which is associated with the color cyan) is evaluable only if the entire information consists of two or more layers.
  • the mixed forms can also be designed so that an already extracted part of the total watermark information of all layers controls the acquisition, extraction and / or evaluation. By “controlling” is not understood that the information necessarily controls the process alone. Rather, it is understood that e.g. a software controls the process using the already extracted watermark information.
  • an optically readable information eg a font symbol or another symbol, a logo or a graphic, a barcode and / or a watermark, in particular a digital watermark
  • an optically readable information eg a font symbol or another symbol, a logo or a graphic, a barcode and / or a watermark, in particular a digital watermark
  • Blurred is understood to mean that the color intensity profile at the edge of the object to be printed (e.g., symbol, see above) is slower, i.e., slower. decreases to zero or to a different intensity value over a greater length than is the case in the information without the blur operation.
  • this blurring operation can cause the information to no longer be recognized by the viewer.
  • intensity maxima and minima of a printing ink on the document in a similar geometric distribution as in a guilloche pattern, the intensity maxima lying, for example, where the guilloche lines usually run and where the minima of intensity are, for example, where usually the middle is located between two guilloche lines.
  • the intensity maximum is chosen low enough and the blur chosen to be large enough, i. the transition from the intensity maximum to the intensity minimum takes place with a small decrease in the intensity per unit length, is the pattern thus obtained, or is the information thus obtained not or only recognizable as shading in the document.
  • the original information can be calculated. For example, is determined using thresholds for the color intensity along an evaluation direction when a threshold is reached or exceeded or reached or fallen below and the place where the threshold is reached, undershot or exceeded, defined as the edge of an area to be identified.
  • Another possibility is to determine the intensity profile along an evaluation direction, e.g. by calculating the intensity gradient as a function of the location to determine and to calculate a corresponding print image, in which the intensity curve is much steeper.
  • the intensity can be varied by printing more or less (and / or larger or smaller) pixels of a color per unit area in digital printing.
  • the blur operation be performed only in one or more but not all layers containing image information for an overall image.
  • FIG. 5 An embodiment is in Fig. 5 shown.
  • the upper part of the figure shows the letter "A" on the left in sharp representation, in the middle after the application of a first blur operation and on the right after application of a second one Blur operation, where the first blur operation results in less blur than the second blur operation.
  • the lower part of the Fig. 5 shows for each of the three representations of the letter "A" in the upper part of an overall printed image, wherein the letter "A” is printed in a first layer of a document and also in Fig. 5 below recognizable alphabet is printed in addition to the numbers 1 to 4 in a second, different from the first level level.
  • the different levels or layers can each again be associated with a color of a color system. For example, if the letter "A" is printed in the color yellow and the alphabet in the color black, the letter “A” will be even less recognizable if the second blur operation has been applied to it (bottom right in Fig. 5 ).

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Claims (14)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'un document de valeur et/ou de sécurité (1), dans lequel
    - dans une pluralité de couches du document (1), respectivement une information d'image est introduite de sorte que les informations d'image se complètent pour former une image complète,
    - l'information d'image dans au moins deux des couches contient une information numérique en filigrane (25, 27, 29), dans lequel seul l'ensemble de l'information numérique en filigrane (25, 27, 29) dans les au moins deux couches forme une caractéristique de sécurité pour une authentification du document (1),
    caractérisé en ce que
    - une pluralité de couches de matériau (5, 7, 9) adjacentes du document (1) sont formées respectivement par un matériau de polycarbonate et les couches de matériau (5, 7, 9) adjacentes sont reliées solidement l'une à l'autre de sorte que ces couches de matériau (5, 7, 9) forment un composite de couches de matériau de polycarbonate,
    - l'information d'image est imprimée sur des surfaces des couches de matériau (5, 7, 9) du composite de couches de matériau de polycarbonate,
    - l'information d'image est formée dans au moins une des couches par des substances d'impression qui contiennent des liants à base de polycarbonate.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel dans au moins une des couches, une information en filigrane (25, 27, 29) est introduite uniquement dans une zone partielle (15, 17, 19) d'une surface d'image.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel l'information en filigrane (25, 27, 29) dans une première couche contient une information quant à la zone partielle dans laquelle est agencée une autre information en filigrane dans la première couche ou dans une deuxième couche.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel une information en filigrane (25, 27, 29) dans une première couche contient une information quant à la manière d'évaluer une information en filigrane dans une deuxième couche et/ou dans une autre zone partielle de la première couche.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'information en filigrane est introduite dans différentes couches de telle manière qu'elle forme une première information complète lors d'une détection optique de l'information d'image rapportée de manière non sélective à une seule couche et forme une deuxième information complète, qui est différente de la première information complète, lors d'une détection optique de l'information d'image rapportée de manière sélective aux différentes couches.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'information d'image est représentée dans les différentes couches du document (1) par respectivement une autre couleur.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'information d'image est formée au moins dans une des couches, qui présente une information en filigrane (25, 27, 29), par des pixels d'une impression à jet d'encre.
  8. Document de valeur et/ou de sécurité, dans lequel
    - le document présente une pluralité de couches, dans lesquelles respectivement une information d'image est introduite de sorte que les informations d'image se complètent pour former une image complète,
    - l'information d'image dans au moins deux des couches contient une information en filigrane (25, 27, 29), dans lequel seul l'ensemble de l'information en filigrane (25, 27, 29) dans les au moins deux couches forme une caractéristique de sécurité pour une authentification du document (1),
    caractérisé en ce que
    - une pluralité de couches de matériau (5, 7, 9) adjacentes du document (1) sont formées respectivement par un matériau de polycarbonate et les couches de matériau (5, 7, 9) adjacentes sont reliées solidement l'une à l'autre de sorte que ces couches de matériau (5, 7, 9) forment un composite de couches de matériau de polycarbonate,
    - l'information d'image est imprimée sur des surfaces des couches de matériau (5, 7, 9) du composite de couches de matériau de polycarbonate,
    - l'information d'image est formée dans au moins une des couches par des substances d'impression qui contiennent des liants à base de polycarbonate.
  9. Document selon la revendication 8, dans lequel dans au moins une des couches, une information en filigrane (25, 27, 29) est introduite uniquement dans une zone partielle (15, 17, 19) d'une surface d'image.
  10. Document selon la revendication 8 ou 9, dans lequel l'information en filigrane (25) dans une première couche contient une information quant à la zone partielle dans laquelle est agencée une autre information en filigrane (27) dans la première couche ou dans une deuxième couche.
  11. Document selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 10, dans lequel une information en filigrane (25, 27, 29) dans une première couche contient une information quant à la manière d'évaluer une information en filigrane (25, 27, 29) dans une deuxième couche et/ou dans une autre zone partielle de la première couche.
  12. Document selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 11, dans lequel l'information en filigrane (25, 27, 29) est introduite dans différentes couches de telle manière qu'elle forme une première information complète lors d'une détection optique de l'information d'image rapportée de manière non sélective à une seule couche et forme une deuxième information complète, qui est différente de la première information complète, lors d'une détection optique de l'information d'image rapportée de manière sélective aux différentes couches.
  13. Document selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 12, dans lequel l'information d'image est représentée dans les différentes couches du document (1) par respectivement une autre couleur.
  14. Document selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 13, dans lequel l'information d'image est formée au moins dans une des couches, qui présente une information en filigrane (25, 27, 29), par des pixels d'une impression à jet d'encre.
EP08843738.9A 2007-10-31 2008-10-31 Protection de documents au moyen d'informations numériques en filigrane Active EP2212122B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL08843738T PL2212122T3 (pl) 2007-10-31 2008-10-31 Zabezpieczanie dokumentów za pomocą cyfrowej informacji o znaku wodnym

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007052947A DE102007052947A1 (de) 2007-10-31 2007-10-31 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Polycarbonat-Schichtverbundes
DE102007059746A DE102007059746A1 (de) 2007-12-07 2007-12-07 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Sicherheits- und/oder Wertdokumentes mit personalisierten Informationen
DE102007059747A DE102007059747A1 (de) 2007-12-07 2007-12-07 Polymerschichtverbund für ein Sicherheits- und/oder Wertdokument
DE102008012426A DE102008012426A1 (de) 2007-10-31 2008-02-29 Sicherung von Dokumenten
PCT/EP2008/009337 WO2009056353A1 (fr) 2007-10-31 2008-10-31 Protection de documents au moyen d'informations numériques en filigrane

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EP2212122A1 EP2212122A1 (fr) 2010-08-04
EP2212122B1 true EP2212122B1 (fr) 2018-01-10

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EP (1) EP2212122B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5274568B2 (fr)
KR (2) KR20150008507A (fr)
CN (1) CN101918224B (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0818479B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008012426A1 (fr)
PL (1) PL2212122T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009056353A1 (fr)

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WO2009056353A1 (fr) 2009-05-07
US20110007934A1 (en) 2011-01-13
PL2212122T3 (pl) 2018-07-31
KR20150008507A (ko) 2015-01-22
JP5274568B2 (ja) 2013-08-28
BRPI0818479B1 (pt) 2019-04-16
CN101918224A (zh) 2010-12-15
BRPI0818479A2 (pt) 2017-05-02
US8478080B2 (en) 2013-07-02
DE102008012426A1 (de) 2009-05-07
CN101918224B (zh) 2015-06-03
KR101515666B1 (ko) 2015-04-27
JP2011500393A (ja) 2011-01-06
EP2212122A1 (fr) 2010-08-04
KR20100106323A (ko) 2010-10-01

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