Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23K—FODDER
  • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
  • A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23K—FODDER
  • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
  • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
  • A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23K—FODDER
  • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
  • A23K20/10—Organic substances
  • A23K20/189—Enzymes
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23K—FODDER
  • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
  • A23K40/30—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23K—FODDER
  • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
  • A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
  • A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry

Definitions

• Thermoresistant composition for animals comprising an enzymatic mixture
• the present invention relates to a composition in powder form comprising a mixture of enzymes.
• Enzymes have long been used in a variety of industrial applications, including animal nutrition. In this case, the enzymes improve the digestibility of the plant sources and thus allow the farm animals to digest their food more efficiently.
• Enzymes are produced by a wide variety of organisms: plants, animals, and especially microorganisms, that is to say any mono or multicellular organism, in particular chosen from bacteria, yeasts and fungi.
• the patent application EP1007743 describes in particular a mixture of enzymes obtained from Penicillium funiculosum, shaped in liquid form or in powder form and intended for animal feed.
• Enzymes are added to foods in liquid form by spraying or they are incorporated into food in a mixer and the food is granulated in a press.
• a large proportion of animal feeds undergo thermal treatment for reasons of hygiene (microbiological quality) or ease of consumption by animals (presentation in the form of crumbs or granules).
• These heat treatments are based on the use of steam at higher or lower temperature and possibly associated with agglomeration (pellet press).
• enzymes are proteins that are inherently temperature sensitive. There is a loss of enzymatic activity when high temperatures are used.
• An object of the present invention is to provide a composition in the form of a powder comprising an enzymatic mixture which is heat-resistant.
• thermoresistant animal composition in the form of a granular powder
• a thermoresistant animal composition in the form of a granular powder
• a support selected from the group consisting of wheat flour, starch, gypsum, maltodextrin and maize cobs
• a coating agent selected from the group consisting of cellulose and its derivatives, chitin, carrageenan, sodium alginate, vegetable gums, fermented gums and starches and derivatives.
• the liquid mixture of at least two enzymes is obtained from the fermentation of a single microorganism.
• the mixture in liquid form of at least two enzymes is obtained from the fermentation of two different microorganisms.
• the mixture in liquid form of at least two enzymes is a filtered and concentrated fermentation broth obtained from at least one microorganism.
• the composition comprises: a) from 15 to 50% by weight of said mixture of at least two enzymes, b) from 25 to 60% by weight of said support, c) from 25 to 60% by weight of said coating.
• the at least two enzymes are selected from the group consisting of a xylanase, a ⁇ -glucanase, a cellulase, a pectinase, a phytase and a protease.
• the at least two enzymes are chosen from the group consisting of phytase, endo-1,4- ⁇ -xylanase, ⁇ -arabinofuranosidase, ⁇ -xylosidase, feruloyl esterase, endo-1, ⁇ -arabinanase, endo-1,3 (4) - ⁇ -glucanase, laminarinase, endo-1,4- ⁇ -glucanase, cellobiohydrolase, ⁇ -glucosidase, polygalacturonase, pectin esterase, rhamnogalacturonase, aspartic protease, metallo protease, endo-1, 4- ⁇ -mannanase, ⁇ -mannosidase and ⁇ -galactosidase.
• the microorganism is Penicillium funiculosum deposited at I 1 IMI (International Mycological Institute, Bakeham Lane Englefield Green, Egham, Surrey, TW20 9TY, UK) on 24 March 1998 under number IMI 378536.
• the coating is carboxymethylcellulose or ethylcellulose.
• the composition can be obtained by the process comprising the following steps: a) cosechage of the following compounds: a support selected from the group consisting of wheat flour, starch , gypsum, maltodextrin and corn cobs, and
• an intermediate base a mixture in liquid form of at least two enzymes, so as to obtain an intermediate base
• a coating selected from the group consisting of cellulose and its derivatives, chitin, carrageenan , sodium alginate, vegetable gums, gums obtained by fermentation and starches and derivatives
• the present invention also relates to a nutritional additive for animals in powder form comprising: a) a liquid mixture of at least two enzymes, b) a carrier selected from the group consisting of wheat flour, starch, gypsum, maltodextrin and maize cobs, and (c) a coating agent selected from the group consisting of cellulose and its derivatives, chitin, carrageenan, sodium alginate, vegetable gums, fermented gums and starches and derivatives.
• a nutritional additive for animals in powder form comprising: a) a liquid mixture of at least two enzymes, b) a carrier selected from the group consisting of wheat flour, starch, gypsum, maltodextrin and maize cobs, and (c) a coating agent selected from the group consisting of cellulose and its derivatives, chitin, carrageenan, sodium alginate, vegetable gums, fermented gums and starches and derivatives.
• the present invention also relates to an animal feed characterized in that it comprises a nutritional base for animals and a nutritional additive according to claim 10.
• the present invention relates to the use of a coating agent selected from the group consisting of cellulose and its derivatives, chitin, carrageenan, sodium alginate, vegetable gums, gums obtained by fermentation and starches and derivatives for preparing a nutritional additive for animals comprising a mixture of at least two enzymes obtained from the fermentation of a single microorganism.
• the coating agent is carboxymethylcellulose.
• thermoresistant animal composition in the form of a granular powder.
• heat resistant composition is meant a composition that is heat resistant.
• One of the important properties of the composition according to the present invention is to be resistant to heat. Indeed, the composition according to the present invention will undergo a heat treatment intended on the one hand to obtain a microbiological quality and on the other hand to shape the composition to be more easily used by farmers and consumable by animals .
• pelletizing process Pelleting is an agglomeration of food in the form of small granules. These granules are not friable, unlike agglomerates. After pelleting, pellets are obtained. The pellets are granules of size 1.5 to 6 mm in diameter and 1.5 to 4 cm in length.
• pellitization use is made, for example, of pelletizing machines whose operation is based on the use of steam at higher or lower temperature.
• the composition is resistant to a temperature greater than 80 ° C., 85 ° C. or 90 ° C.
• granular powder is meant a powder which has a certain particle size.
• the granulometric requirements of the composition obtained are as follows:
• the median diameter of the particles of the product is between 150 and 400 ⁇ m.
• median diameter is meant the particle size of the product at which 50% of the sample is smaller and 50% of the sample smaller.
• composition of the present invention is intended for animals.
• composition according to the present invention is suitable for use in animal nutrition.
• animal in particular livestock and especially grazing animals (including cattle raised for meat, milk, cheese and leather, sheep raised for meat, wool and cheese).
• grazing animals including cattle raised for meat, milk, cheese and leather, sheep raised for meat, wool and cheese.
• composition adapted for use in animal nutrition means a composition whose characteristics are such that it is suitable for animal nutrition.
• the essential characteristics for use in animal nutrition include the pH and temperature at which the composition comprising the enzyme mixture is active. Indeed, the pH of the digestive system of animals is acidic and it is essential that the enzymes remain active at this pH, in order to maintain their activities. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the composition retains the expected enzymatic activities at an acidic pH, for example less than 7, preferably less than 5.
• thermoresistant animal composition in the form of a granular powder
• a thermoresistant animal composition in the form of a granular powder
• a support selected from the group consisting of wheat flour, starch, gypsum, maltodextrin and corn cobs
• a coating agent selected from the group consisting of cellulose and its derivatives, chitin, carrageenan, sodium alginate, vegetable gums, gums obtained by fermentation and starches and derivatives.
• Enzymes are produced by a wide variety of organisms: plants, animals, and especially microorganisms.
• microorganism is meant any mono or multicellular organism, in particular chosen from bacteria, yeasts and fungi.
• the yeasts are chosen from, for example, Pichia pastoris, Saccharomyces cerevisae, Yarrowia lipolytica and Schwanniomyces occidentalis.
• the fungi are for example chosen from Aspergillus, Trichoderma and Penicilliums, preferentially from Penicillium funiculosum, Trichoderma reesei, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus awamori, Aspergillus kawachii and Trichoderma koningii.
• the liquid mixture of at least two enzymes is obtained from the fermentation of a single microorganism.
• the mixture in liquid form of at least two enzymes is a filtered and concentrated fermentation broth obtained from a single microorganism.
• the microorganism used is derived from a genetically unmodified isolated microorgansime strain producing at least two enzyme activities.
• it may be a host organism transformed with a polynucleotide, an expression cassette and / or a vector.
• the microrganism is a strain of Penicillium funiculosum in which an enzyme is expressed or overexpressed.
• the host organism is a strain of Debaryomyces castellii in which one expresses or over- expresses an enzyme.
• the host organism is a strain of Ruminococcus gnavus in which an enzyme is expressed or over-expressed.
• the microorganism is Penicillium funiculosum deposited at I 1 IMI (International Mycological Institute, Bakeham Lane, Englefield Green, Egham, Surrey, TW20 9TY, UK) March 24, 1998 under the number IMI 378536.
• the composition comprises from 15 to 50% by weight of said mixture of at least two enzymes, preferably from 20 to 40% by weight.
• the thermoresistant animal composition in the form of a granular powder comprises a liquid mixture of at least three enzymes, four enzymes, eight enzymes or ten enzymes.
• the at least two enzymes are selected from the group consisting of a xylanase, a ⁇ -glucanase, a cellulase, a pectinase, a phytase and a protease.
• the at least two enzymes are chosen from the group consisting of phytase, endo-1,4- ⁇ -xylanase, ⁇ -arabinofuranosidase, ⁇ -xylosidase, feruloyl esterase, endo-1, ⁇ -arabinanase, endo-1,3 (4) - ⁇ -glucanase, laminarinase, endo-1,4- ⁇ -glucanase, cellobiohydrolase, ⁇ -glucosidase, polygalacturonase, pectin esterase, rhamnogalacturonase, aspartic protease, metallo protease, endo-1, 4- ⁇ -mannanase, ⁇ -mannosidase and ⁇ -galactosidase.
• the present composition also comprises a support.
• the carrier is selected from the group consisting of wheat flour, starch, gypsum, maltodextrin and corn stalks.
• the support is present in the composition at a content of between 25 and 60% by weight of the heat-resistant composition in the form of a granular powder.
• the present composition finally comprises an enrobant.
• the coating agent is chosen from the group consisting of cellulose and its derivatives, chitin, carrageenan, sodium alginate, vegetable gums, gums obtained by fermentation and starches and derivatives. Vegetable gums are exudates of plants that solidify by desiccation. As an indication of the gums that can be used in the present invention, mention may be made of gums: gum arabic, gum karaya, gum tragacanth, guar gum, xanthan gum.
• starches and derivatives are meant any polysaccharide formed from the combination of two polymers: amylose and amylopectin.
• the starch can be in the form of powder or in the form of pits. As an indication, it may be native wheat starch, native corn starch, native rice starch or potato starch. It can also be the same physically treated starches, for example pregelatinized.
• the coating is carboxymethylcellulose or ethylcellulose.
• the coating is present in the heat-resistant composition in the form of a granular powder at a content of between 25 and 60% by weight, preferably between 30 and 58% by weight.
• the composition can be obtained by the process comprising the following steps: a) cosechage of the following compounds:
• a support selected from the group consisting of wheat flour, starch, gypsum, maltodextrin and corn stalks, and
• an intermediate base a mixture in liquid form of at least two enzymes, so as to obtain an intermediate base
• a coating selected from the group consisting of cellulose and its derivatives, chitin, carrageenan , sodium alginate, vegetable gums, gums obtained by fermentation and starches and derivatives
• the coating identical or different, is used during two successive stages of the process.
• the composition in powder form has good flowability.
• An example of a measurement protocol to evaluate the flowability of the powder is the determination of the angle of repose. This method is based on the determination of the angle at the base of the falling cone obtained by passing the sample through a special funnel placed at a conventional height, above a perfectly flat and horizontal plate. This method requires the following equipment: glassware and laboratory equipment, stainless steel funnel, whose base has a diameter (d) inside of 6 mm (the funnel is fixed on the support), stainless steel plate engraved with 4 straight lines forming an angle of 45 ° between them and passing directly above the center of the funnel, stainless steel support fixed to the plate.
• the method consists in adjusting the height (H) between the plate and the base of the funnel to 40 mm, check the plumb center of the funnel with the cross point of the engraved lines, pour the powder in the funnel , stop the feed when the top of the cone touches the base of the funnel, draw on each engraved line, a line at the base of the formed silica cone, remove the silica and measure the distance separating two lines of the same line for each of them.
• the composition in powder form has an angle of repose of between 20 ° and 50 °, preferably between 20 ° and 45 °.
• the composition in powder form has a compressibility index of between 0 and 40%, preferably between 0 and 20%.
• the powder compositions of the present invention may further comprise an active ingredient different from the enzyme mixture or more than one active ingredient.
• active ingredient is intended to mean any substance having an established physiological activity in the animal, especially in the category of active ingredient according to the invention, food supplements, etc.
• Food supplements for animals are products intended to be ingested, in addition to of the current diet, in order to overcome the insufficiency of the daily contributions of certain compounds It is for example known, generally speaking, to supplement the food rations of the farm animals with active ingredients, so as to increase the performance zootechnics of raised animals, which may include vitamins, mineral salts, amino acids, trace elements, hormones or antibiotics.
• the process for the preparation of the aforementioned composition comprises the following steps: a) cosechage of the following compounds: at least one support selected from the group consisting of wheat flour, starch, gypsum, maltodextrin and corn stalks , and
• a coating agent selected from the group consisting of cellulose; and its derivatives, chitin, carrageenan, sodium alginate, vegetable gums, fermented gums and starches and derivatives
• the first step of the process therefore consists of a co-drying of the enzyme mixture which is in liquid form with the support according to the invention.
• This step can be carried out continuously on a spray drying tower. The caging takes place at a non-degrading temperature.
• the powder must be kept at a temperature below 45 ° C. This step leads to a significant portion of the enzymatic mixture in liquid form being retained on the support. A microgranulated powder with a size of between 50 and 250 ⁇ m is obtained. The moisture of the powder is less than 20%.
• the second stage of the process consists of a granulation by impregnation of the intermediate base with a coating selected from the group consisting of cellulose and its derivatives, chitin, vegetable gums, gums obtained by fermentation and starches and derivatives.
• a coating selected from the group consisting of cellulose and its derivatives, chitin, vegetable gums, gums obtained by fermentation and starches and derivatives.
• it is a wet granulation which consists in carrying out in a mixer, also called a granulator, equipped with a liquid addition system, densification of the particles associated with granulation to give the particles cohesion. .
• This step can be carried out continuously or discontinuously.
• the third step of the process consists in depositing a sufficient film of a coating agent selected from the group consisting of cellulose and its derivatives, chitin, vegetable gums, gums obtained by fermentation and starches and derivatives.
• a coating agent selected from the group consisting of cellulose and its derivatives, chitin, vegetable gums, gums obtained by fermentation and starches and derivatives.
• This coating may be the same as that used during the granulation step or it may be different.
• This step can be carried out continuously or discontinuously, for example on a fluidized bed dryer. The amount of coating depends on the final particle size of the desired product.
• the fourth step is to dry the final product. This drying can be carried out continuously on a fluidized bed or in batch, so that the water content of the product is less than 10%, preferably 8%.
• This step consists of drying the granulated powder continuously or discontinuously. It is also possible to add a sieving step between the second and the third step or after the optional step of drying the granulated powder.
• the pelletization process comprises the following steps: a) the heat-resistant composition in the form of a granular powder and, on the other hand, the nutritional base are fed into a feeder, b) the mixture is heated to a temperature of between 60 and 100 ° C., preferably between 70 ° C. and 100 ° C. C. and 90.degree. C., c) the said composition is pelletized in a pelletizing machine, and d) the pellets obtained are cut to the desired length, e) the pellet obtained in step d) is dried and cooled.
• the present invention also relates to a nutritional additive in powder form comprising: a) a liquid mixture of at least two enzymes, b) a support selected from the group consisting of wheat flour, starch, gypsum, maltodextrin and corn cobs, and c) a coating agent selected from the group consisting of cellulose and its derivatives, chitin, carrageenan, sodium alginate, vegetable gums, fermented gums and starches and derivatives.
• the present invention also relates to an animal feed characterized in that it comprises a nutritional base for animals and a nutritional additive as defined above.
• the nutritional base includes, for example, a mixture of wheat, soybean meal, extruded soybeans, palm oil, calcium carbonate, dicalcium phosphate, salt, a premix containing methionine.
• An object of the present invention also relates to the use of carboxymethylcellulose for preparing a nutritional additive for animals comprising a mixture of at least two enzymes obtained from the fermentation of a single microorganism.
• Another object of the present invention is the use of carboxymethylcellulose to prepare a nutritional additive for animals intended to improve the growth performance of the animals, for example to improve the consumption index.
• Figure 1 shows the respective particle sizes of a powder of the prior art and a powder according to the present invention; on the abscissa, the diameter in ⁇ m; on the ordinate, the percentage in the product.
• a composition according to the invention has been prepared according to the process of the present invention. It is in the form of a powder and contains 55% of carboxyl methylcellulose, 25% of wheat flour and 20% of concentrated filtered fermentation mash obtained from the fermentation of Penicillium funiculosum IMI 378536 which contains 19 enzymatic activities.
• the micro granulated powder obtained at this stage has a finely powdered character less than 63 microns, which makes it a product capable of being handled in a second phase.
• the average particle size in D (v, 0.5) is 117 microns and the moisture is 7.5%.
• the product obtained at the end of this first stage is called the intermediate base.
• the objective of this step is to obtain particles of the order of 150 to 200 ⁇ m on average, with a humidity of 14%, while maintaining the product at less than 45 ° C so as not to deteriorate the enzyme activities .
• the product is dried on a fluid bed dryer at a temperature of 55 ° C at the inlet and a temperature of 25 ° C at the outlet, so as not to deteriorate the enzyme activities.
• the intermediate base before coating is then at 7 or 8% humidity.
• the amount of solution deposited is 0.25 kg of CMC solids per kg of solids content of the product to be coated.
• the powder obtained at this stage has an average particle size of 300 to 400 ⁇ m and a humidity of 10 to 11%.
• the final product is then dried continuously on a fluidized bed or in batch, the object in this case is to reduce the product to a water content of less than 10% and preferably less than 8%.
• the final product obtained has a water content of 7.6% and a density of 450 g / l.
• the particle size was measured respectively for the following compositions:
• the first composition is the product ROVABIO TM EXCEL AP which is in powder form.
• the second composition was prepared according to the method described above. It is therefore a composition according to the invention which contains 55% of carboxyl methylcellulose, 25% of wheat flour and 20% of concentrated filtered fermentation must obtained from the fermentation of Penicillium funiculosum IMI 378536.
• the particle size of the second composition has the advantage of having a smaller amount of particles than the product ROVABIO TM EXCEL AP (composition in the form of granular powder of the prior art). This small amount of small particles avoids the problems of product loss, cross-contamination between the production system and the products themselves, the use of filtration and ventilation systems and adverse health effects. See Figure 1.
• the compressibility of the ROVABIO TM EXCEL AP product is 22.1%, while the compressibility of the second composition is 3.4%.
• the aim is to test to granulation four enzyme preparations added in a growing poultry food base.
• the test item is the product ROVABIO TM EXCEL AP which is in powder form and contains 19 enzymatic activities. This product consists of 20% wheat flour and 80% concentrated filtered fermentation must obtained from the fermentation of Penicillium funiculosum IMI 378536 which contains 19 enzymatic activities.
• the second composition was prepared according to the process described in Example 1.
• the third composition was prepared according to the process described in Example 1. It is in the form of the powder of particle size mentioned above and contains 35% of carboxyl methylcellulose, 45% of wheat flour and 20% of filtered fermentation wort. concentrate obtained from the fermentation of Penicillium funiculosum IMI 378536 which contains 19 enzymatic activities.
• the fourth composition was prepared according to the method described in Example 1. 17
• Two mixtures of 60 kg of poultry feed are prepared using a horizontal-axis blade mixer running at 60 rpm. The duration of each mixture is 2 minutes. Each mixed batch is drained into a rectangular tray before bagging. A representative sample of about 1 kg of each mixture is taken by grouping 20 samples obtained by quartering in the rectangular tray. See the table of blends below.
• the granulation tests are carried out on a flat-die laboratory press (KAHL 14-175 press of 3 kW).
• the press die chosen for testing will have channels of 4 mm in diameter and 24 mm in thickness (compression ratio: 6). 4. Drying - Cooling
• a laboratory chiller dryer is used to dry and cool hot pellet samples collected at the die outlet.
• the cooling drying time is at least 5 minutes for a hot granular charge of about 3.5 kg per cooler. A sample of about 500g representative of each production is taken.
• the measurements of humidity and residence time in the die are made from samples taken during the stabilized phase of each test.
• the test is based on the enzymatic hydrolysis of ⁇ -glucan in barley, a ⁇ -1, 3 (4) -glucan.
• the products of the reaction are colorimetrically determined by measuring the increase of the reducing groups with 3,5-acid.
• the enzymatic reaction is stopped by the addition of 2 ml of a DNS solution (1% (w / v) 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, 1.6% (w / v) NaOH, 30% ( m / V) of potassium tartrate and sodium (+) in distilled water).
• a DNS solution 1% (w / v) 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, 1.6% (w / v) NaOH, 30% ( m / V) of potassium tartrate and sodium (+) in distilled water.
• the solution is homogenized and then placed in a water bath boiling at 95 ° C minimum and then cooled in a bath at room temperature (for 5 minutes).
• a unit of endo-1,3 (4) - ⁇ -glucanase activity is defined as the amount of enzyme that produces 1 ⁇ mol glucose equivalent per minute per gram of product, under the conditions of the test (pH 5.0 and 50 0 C).
• the test is based on the enzymatic hydrolysis of birch xylan, a xylose polymer containing ⁇ -D-1, 4 bridges.
• the products of the reaction are colorimetrically determined by measuring the increase of the reducing groups with 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid.
• the reducing sugar concentration available after enzymatic hydrolysis is determined using a standard xylose curve whose absorbance is measured at 540 nm. The calculated enzymatic activity is then expressed in xylose equivalents.
• a solution containing 1 ml of 1% (w / v) birch xylan solution in 0.1 M sodium acetate buffer at pH 5.0 and 1 ml of the appropriate dilution solution of the enzyme is incubated at 50 0 C for 10 minutes.
• the enzymatic reaction is stopped by the addition of 2 ml of a solution of DNS (1% (w / v) 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, 1, 6% (w / v) NaOH, 30% ( m / V) of potassium tartrate and sodium (+) in distilled water).
• DNS 1% (w / v) 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, 1, 6% (w / v) NaOH, 30% ( m / V) of potassium tartrate and sodium (+) in distilled water.
• the solution is homogenized and then placed in a water bath boiling at 95 ° C minimum and then cooled in a bath at room temperature (for 5 minutes).
• a unit of endo-1, 4- ⁇ -xylanase activity is defined as the amount of enzyme that produces 1 ⁇ mol xylose equivalent per minute per gram of product, under the conditions of the test (pH 5). , 0 and 50 0 C). 6.3 Xylanase by the viscometry method
• Endo-1,4- ⁇ -xylanase hydrolyzes the xyloside bridges of xylan.
• the assay is based on the enzymatic hydrolysis of the xylose bridges of a wheat arabinose solution, ⁇ -1, 4-xylan polysaccharide substituted with arabinose.
• the enzymatic activity is proportional to the viscosity reduction of a wheat arabinoxylan solution in the presence of the enzyme to be assayed.
• a unit of endo-1, 4- ⁇ -xylanase activity is defined as the amount of enzyme that will hydrolyze the substrate, reducing the viscosity of the solution, to give a change in the relative fluidity of 1 unit without dimensions. minute under the conditions of the analysis: pH 5.5 and 30 0 C.
• the regulation instructions of the press are as follows: Flow rate: about 41 kg / h
• the animals used are male chicks of Ross PM3 strain.
• test items contain enzymatic activities potentially capable of improving the digestibility of a wheat and corn feed in chicken.
• Feeding plan The feeding plan was the following during the test period.
• compositions according to the invention Inv 1, Inv 2 and Inv 3
• the Rovabio TM Excel AP compositions AP1, AP2 and AP3

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