Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
  • H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
  • H01H47/04—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
  • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
  • F02N15/04—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears
  • F02N15/06—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement
  • F02N15/067—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the gearing including disengaging toothed gears the toothed gears being moved by axial displacement the starter comprising an electro-magnetically actuated lever
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
  • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
  • H01F41/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
  • H01F41/06—Coil winding
  • H01F41/082—Devices for guiding or positioning the winding material on the former
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F5/00—Coils
  • H01F5/02—Coils wound on non-magnetic supports, e.g. formers
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F7/00—Magnets
  • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
  • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
  • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
  • H01F7/123—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by ancillary coil
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F7/00—Magnets
  • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
  • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
  • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
  • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
  • H01H51/02—Non-polarised relays
  • H01H51/04—Non-polarised relays with single armature; with single set of ganged armatures
  • H01H51/06—Armature is movable between two limit positions of rest and is moved in one direction due to energisation of an electromagnet and after the electromagnet is de-energised is returned by energy stored during the movement in the first direction, e.g. by using a spring, by using a permanent magnet, by gravity
  • H01H51/065—Relays having a pair of normally open contacts rigidly fixed to a magnetic core movable along the axis of a solenoid, e.g. relays for starting automobiles
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F7/00—Magnets
  • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
  • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
  • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
  • H01F7/1805—Circuit arrangements for holding the operation of electromagnets or for holding the armature in attracted position with reduced energising current

Definitions

• the invention relates to a coil arrangement with a tubular coil carrier of an electromagnetic drive, in particular a two-stage engagement relay, wherein the coil arrangement has a Garwicklu ⁇ g and a pull-in winding, and wherein the coil support at one end has a first and at its other end a second boundary, between which the Garwicklu ⁇ g is arranged.
• Spulenanordnu ⁇ gen of the type mentioned are known.
• the engagement relay serves to push a drive pinion of the starter in a ring gear of a transmission or the internal combustion engine.
• single-stage apply relays which cause only an axial displacement of the pinion, occur a high proportion of tooth-on-tooth positions, which are solved by a high spring force of a Einspurfeder and by means of a high drive torque of the starter, causing a high mechanical wear Pinion and ring gear is created.
• two-stage apply relays are preferably used. These not only cause an axial displacement of the pinion, but also a rotation of the pinion during insertion by a relatively small Vermosstrom, so that the likelihood that teeth of the pinion mesh in the gaps of the ring gear from the transmission is increased.
• a control relay switches a switching device, so that the pull-in winding and the holding winding of the contactor are energized, the Einzugswicklu ⁇ g simultaneously via its very low-resistance winding the starter motor provides a Verwindstrom. A relatively small current thus ensures a twisting of the pinion during toe-in.
• Vorspurvorga ⁇ g also a switch is operated by the starter motor with the Span ⁇ u ⁇ gsttle is directly connected so that it turns on with full torque and thus switches the intake winding almost de-energized.
• the number of turns of the holding winding must be almost equal to the number of turns of the pull-in winding so that the magnetic fields of the two windings cancel each other almost. Switching off the starter is otherwise not possible.
• Reverse winding is assigned, so that a remindbestromung can be interrupted via the pull-in winding on the holding winding. Since the approximate number of turns is no longer required, the designs of the windings can be optimized for their respective purpose.
• DE 10 2004 032373 A1 in this case provides a tubular coil carrier which has a first boundary at one end and a second boundary at the other end, wherein a holding winding is wound between the two boundaries, and between one of the boundaries and a pull-in winding boundary between the other two Limits is arranged, a pull-in winding is wound, so that a clear position is defined for the pull-in winding and this no longer changes their position with the Einspule ⁇ or winding the holding winding.
• the first boundary of the tubular coil carrier of the coil arrangement on its side facing away from the second boundary on a Axialaussparu ⁇ g for receiving the pull-in winding.
• Coil carriers are arranged.
• the pull-in winding is not wound or wound on the bobbin as in the prior art. Instead, the pull-in winding is formed in a previous step and then inserted into the axial recess of the first boundary, the pull-in winding is thus independent of the holding winding attached to the bobbin, resulting in advantages in the manufacture and assembly.
• the number of layers of the turns of the pull-in winding is straight, so that the wire ends point only to one side of the pull-in winding. This allows the Ei ⁇ zugswicklung be contacted in a simple manner electrically.
• the number of layers is thus preferably a plurality of two.
• the pull-in winding has two turns. Due to a rated voltage of 12 volts for the drive, inter alia, an approximately twice the amount of torsional current through the pull-in winding as a design condition, as compared to a drive with one Rated voltage of 24 volts. A wire with which the pull-in winding is created must be enlarged accordingly in cross-section. Also, the number of turns of the pull-in winding must be reduced, so that a very small number of turns is used, whereby here a number of two turns has been found to be optimum
• a cover for fixing the pull-in winding in the axial recess is provided at the one end of the bobbin, to which the first boundary is arranged.
• the axial recess has at least one shoulder, which serves as a support surface for the cover, so that the cover can be positioned on and / or in the recess and / or fixed.
• the cover has an opening through which a movable bobbin can be guided, which pushes a drive pinion on a ring gear operatively connected to the engine when using the coil assembly in a two-stage apply relay of a starter / starter of an internal combustion engine.
• the cover is annular, so that it is completely inserted into the axial recess.
• a Radialaussparu ⁇ g is formed in the first boundary.
• At least a part of the holding winding is arranged in the radial cutout.
• the first turns are wound in the radial recess, wherein the diameter of the bottom surface of the circumferentially formed radial recess is larger than the diameter of the tubular coil carrier, so that the wire of the Retention winding is preferably guided over a ramp channel to the smaller diameter of the bobbin.
• the radial recesses and / or axial recess are formed so that the pull-in winding and the holding winding are axially or axially and radially adjacent.
• the holding winding is formed axially and radially adjacent to the pull-in winding, it is possible to create a large number of holding winding windings, without having to increase the overall length of the bobbin.
• the pull-in winding is designed so that it acts in the same direction with the holding winding.
• the magnetic fields of the holding winding and the pull-in winding complement each other.
• the pull-in winding is designed such that it acts in the opposite direction to the holding winding.
• the entire magnetic field is weakened during Einspurvorgang, whereby this takes longer with constant Vermosstrom.
• the Verwarwi ⁇ kel the Ant ⁇ ebsritzels during the Einspurvorgangs is about twice as large, whereby the Bauliebelastu ⁇ g of pinion and ring gear is reduced, since the probability that a tooth tip a tooth of the pinion meets a tooth tip of a tooth of the gear is greatly reduced.
• a device for moving a drive element by means of an electromagnetic drive with a
• the second Switch allows a power supply of a main drive, which is provided for driving the drive element.
• the first switch is a mechanical or electronic switch.
• FIG. 1 shows an embodiment according to the invention
• Figure 2 shows an inventive arrangement of a
• FIGS. 3 a and b show an embodiment according to the invention of the pull-in winding
• Figure 4 shows the bobbin with an inventive
• FIGS. 5 to 11 show a stepwise creation of a holding winding on the coil carrier
• Figure 12 is a block diagram of the switching of a device for shifting a
• FIG. 13 shows a block diagram of the interconnection in a second embodiment
• Figure 14 is a diagram illustrating the temporal
• FIG. 15 shows a block diagram of the interconnection according to a third exemplary embodiment
• FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the timing of the electromagnetic flooding according to the third embodiment.
• FIG. 17 is a block diagram of the circuit of FIG.
• the bobbin 1 shows a sectional view of an embodiment of a cylindrical bobbin 1 according to the invention, of which only the upper part is shown.
• the bobbin 1 has at its left end 2, a first boundary 3 and at its right end 4, a second boundary 5, wherein the boundaries 3, 5 are formed integrally with the bobbin 1.
• the boundary 3 has at its the boundary of the fifth opposite side ⁇ an axial recess 7 having a first region 8 with a height 9 and a second region 10 with a height 11, wherein the height 11 of the outer region 10 is greater than the height 9 of the inner region 8.
• the boundary 3 also has a radial recess 16, wherein the radial recess 16 is partially disposed over the axial recess 7.
• the radial recess 16 delimiting webs 17, 18 are formed differently, wherein the right web 18 has a lower height to the bottom surface 19 of the radial recess 16 as the web 17th
• a chamber 20 for a holding winding and through the recess 7 a chamber 21 is formed for a Ei ⁇ zugswicklung.
• FIG. 2 likewise shows the sectional view
• a pull-in winding 22 is arranged, which consists of two windings 23, 24, which are arranged one above the other in two layers.
• the pull-in winding 22 is axially in the assembly during assembly
• the separate arrangement of the pull-in winding 22 in the chamber 21 eliminates a complicated isolation between the Ei ⁇ zugswicklung 22 and the holding winding.
• the holding coil and the pull-in coil 22 can be attached to the coil carrier 1 independently of each other, resulting in advantages in the manufacturing process. Also in the maintenance of a drive to which the coil assembly consisting of the bobbin 1 Ei ⁇ zugswicklung 22 and the Holding winding (not shown here) heard, there are advantages.
• the insulation of the pull-in winding 22 is achieved for example by a lacquer insulation or Ba ⁇ dagêt of the wire used and / or by an air gap insulation. Due to a high Verwindstroms, which is used to rotate a drive pinion of the
• the wire 25 of the windings 23, 24 has a correspondingly large cross-section and only two turns.
• the turns 23 and 24 are arranged one above the other in a plane. At the same time, this arrangement allows the largest possible winding space or the largest possible winding chamber 20 for the holding winding.
• FIG. 3a shows an embodiment of the pull-in winding 22 in a side view, with wire ends 26 and 27 of the two layers of turns projecting perpendicularly from the plane of the turns.
• the same pull-in winding 22 is shown in a plan view, wherein the two windings 23, 24 are arranged in two layers one above the other.
• different values result for the same voltage, with the torsional current increasing with increasing cross-section.
• the pull-in winding 22 is thus first brought into the desired shape and only then inserted into the axial recess 7.
• FIG. 4 shows the bobbin 1 of Figures 1 and 2 also a sectional view in which only the upper part of the bobbin is shown.
• a cover 28 is arranged, which rests with its inwardly facing surface 29 on the contact surfaces 14 and 15 of the shoulders 12 and 13.
• the cover 28 is designed to be outwardly EO facing surface 30 flush with the side 6 of the boundary 3 concludes-
• the cover 28 serves to fix the pull-in winding 22 with the windings 23 and 24 in the axial recess 7 and the chamber 21.
• the cover 28 has openings for the wire ends 26, 27 (not shown here), so that they can be electrically contacted
• FIG. 5 shows the first three windings 31 of the retaining winding 32, which are wound or wound away from the web 17 in the direction of the arrow 33.
• the total width of the three windings 31 corresponds to the width of the radial recess 16, wherein the wire 34 used has a smaller cross-sectional area than the wire 25 of the Ei ⁇ zugswicklung 22nd
• step of producing the holding winding 32 of the wire 34 is guided via a ramp channel 35 in the direction of arrow 36 to an inner winding diameter 37 of the chamber 20.
• FIG. 7 shows how, in the next step, a first layer of turns of the holding winding is wound or wound along the arrow 38 onto the coil carrier 1 up to the boundary 5, so that the first layer on the inner angle diameter 37 has, for example, a number of 26 turns 31 having only 16 turns are shown in the drawings.
• a second layer of turns of the retaining coil 32 is rewound along the arrow 38 'over the first layer, wherein the two layers have the same number of turns.
• three further layers each having 26 turns of the holding winding 32 are produced in the manner described, wherein the uppermost layer has the same winding diameter as the first three turns 31 in the radial recess 16.
• an uppermost layer of turns along the arrow 39 is wound over the five layers wound on the inner angular diameter and the first three turns 31 in the radial recess 16 so that the uppermost layer is formed across the entire width of the chamber 20 and 29 turns (as shown in FIG. 10).
• a Fixierbandage 40 wound over the uppermost layer of turns of the holding winding 32, wherein the
• a fixing tape can be used, for example, a crepe tape.
• the bobbin 1 can be made of plastic, as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 4 to 11, as well as made of metal.
• FIG. 12 shows a block diagram of a circuit 41 of a device for displacing an A ⁇ triebselements or drive pinion from the prior art.
• a control relay 42 which is connected to the voltage source 43 and via a line 44 to the node 45.
• a mass 46 which is represented by, for example, a housing connection.
• a line 47 leads to a holding winding 48, from which a connection 49 leads to a node 50.
• a line 51 leads to a switch 52, which is actuated by the control relay 42.
• a further line 53 leads to a node 54, from which a line 55 leads to a voltage source 56.
• From the junction 54 leads a further line 57 to a switch 58, from which a line 59 leads to a node 60.
• a line 61 leads to a motor 62, which is connected to the node 45 via a coil 63, by means of which the motor 62 is electromagnetically excitable.
• a line 64 leads to a pull-in winding 65, which is connected via a line 66 to the node 60.
• both the holding coil 48 and the pull-in coil 65 are electromagnetically energized.
• the pull-in winding 65 and the holding winding 48 which are arranged on a coil carrier, set a spool core in motion, whereby the drive pinion is pushed onto a ring gear of a transmission, for example a drive device of a motor vehicle.
• the motor 62 is operated via the pull-in winding 65 with a low Verwindstrom, so that the drive pinion is additionally rotated during the Einschubvorga ⁇ gs, so that the probability that a tooth of the pinion meets a tooth of the ring gear, is reduced.
• the movement of the spool core also closes the switch 58, whereby the motor 62 is directly connected to the voltage source 56, so that the motor 62 starts, for example, with full torque. If the switch 52 is opened by the control relay 42, a return current from the pull-in winding 65 to the holding winding 48 can take place. Thus, the two magnetic fields of the coils almost cancel each other, they must have the almost same Windungsa ⁇ baum to allow a shutdown of the motor 62.
• FIG. 13 shows the block diagram of FIG. 12 with the difference that a switch 67 is provided between the pull-in winding 65 and the node 50 in the line 64.
• the switch 67 is arranged so that it also through the Movement of the spool core is actuated.
• a vombestromen of the holding winding 48 can be prevented via the pull-in winding 65, and the pull-in winding 65 and the holding winding 48 need not have the same Windungsa ⁇ earrings.
• a coil carrier according to the invention can be used advantageously.
• FIG. 14 shows a diagram which schematically illustrates the flow over time, the time t being plotted on the abscissa and the flux ⁇ being plotted on the ordinate.
• a flooding ⁇ j the holding winding 48 is supplemented with a flooding of the feed lap 65 to a total flux ⁇ 2 .
• Ti breaks the magnetic field of the pull-in winding 65 together by opening the switch 67, so that until the closing of the switch 58 at time T 2 and ultimately until the final opening of the switch 52 at time T 3, only the holding winding 48 remains energized.
• Figure 15 shows schematically the interconnection of Figure 13 with the difference that the holding winding 48 and the pull-in winding 65 are formed so that they act in opposite directions. This is reflected in the graph of Figure 16, which illustrates the flux through the holding winding 48 and the pull-in winding 65 over time.
• the diagram is constructed like the diagram of Figure 14, so that the time t is on the abscissa and the flooding of the magnetic field ⁇ are plotted on the ordinate.
• FIG. 17 shows the interconnection of FIG. 18 with the oppositely acting windings 48, 65 and with the difference that instead of the switch 67 an electronic switch 68 is provided which has an actual semiconductor switch 69, a resistor 70 and a capacitor 71.
• an electronic switch 68 By closing the switch 52, the series circuit of resistor 70 and capacitor 71 is connected to the voltage source.
• the electronic semiconductor switch 69 is conductive and turns off only after a certain time, and that when the capacitor 71 is charged.
• Bipolar- Transistore ⁇ As electronic switching elements are also conceivable: Bipolar- Transistore ⁇ , various FET types, an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), an IGCT (Integrated Gate Commulated Thyristor), a GTO thyristor and / or an MCT (Mos Co ⁇ trolled thyristor).
• IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
• IGCT Integrated Gate Commulated Thyristor
• GTO thyristor a GTO thyristor
• MCT Mos Co ⁇ trolled thyristor

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Electromagnets (AREA)
• Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)

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• 2006
  • 2006-07-18 DE DE102006033174A patent/DE102006033174A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2007
  • 2007-07-19 US US12/514,032 patent/US8004378B2/en active Active
  • 2007-07-19 EP EP07787743A patent/EP2171738B1/fr active Active
  • 2007-07-19 DE DE502007006223T patent/DE502007006223D1/de active Active
  • 2007-07-19 AT AT07787743T patent/ATE494624T1/de active
  • 2007-07-19 WO PCT/EP2007/057487 patent/WO2008009731A1/fr active Application Filing

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