EP2132488A1 - Procédé pour l'élimination écologique de mélanges air/solvant avec une installation à piles à combustible et une unité de récupération - Google Patents

Procédé pour l'élimination écologique de mélanges air/solvant avec une installation à piles à combustible et une unité de récupération

Info

Publication number
EP2132488A1
EP2132488A1 EP08717423A EP08717423A EP2132488A1 EP 2132488 A1 EP2132488 A1 EP 2132488A1 EP 08717423 A EP08717423 A EP 08717423A EP 08717423 A EP08717423 A EP 08717423A EP 2132488 A1 EP2132488 A1 EP 2132488A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
air
cell system
recovery unit
solvent mixtures
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08717423A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dr. Claus Peter Kluge
Dr. Marc Bednarz
Erwin Frank
Alexander Gienapp
Gerhard Huppmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ceramtec GmbH
Rolls Royce Solutions Augsburg GmbH
Original Assignee
Ceramtec GmbH
MTU Onsite Energy GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ceramtec GmbH, MTU Onsite Energy GmbH filed Critical Ceramtec GmbH
Publication of EP2132488A1 publication Critical patent/EP2132488A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • F23G7/061—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/14—Fuel cells with fused electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/14—Fuel cells with fused electrolytes
    • H01M2008/147—Fuel cells with molten carbonates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/40—Combination of fuel cells with other energy production systems
    • H01M2250/405—Cogeneration of heat or hot water
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02B90/10—Applications of fuel cells in buildings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the environmentally sound disposal of air / solvent mixtures, which consist of combustible gaseous, vapor or liquid waste, with a fuel cell system for recycling the air / solvent mixtures with removal of the resulting in the fuel cell system environmentally sound exhaust air and the generated waste heat and the electrical generated current.
  • air / solvent mixtures of thermal afterburning must be supplied in order to prevent harmful substances from entering the environment.
  • air / solvent mixtures as they leave the user process must be diluted with air so that no ignitable mixture is formed. This lean air is fed to the thermal afterburning.
  • the mixture air is preheated with the waste heat of the subsequent combustion process, before it reaches the combustion chamber of the thermal afterburning.
  • the air / solvent mixture enters the combustion chamber and is usually supplied with fuel, e.g. Fuel gas or electric energy fired. Also conceivable are catalytic afterburning.
  • fuel e.g. Fuel gas or electric energy fired. Also conceivable are catalytic afterburning.
  • the air / solvent mixture can be used, for example, for maintaining
  • the electrical power is generated via a separate circuit of fuel gas or combustible materials.
  • the invention has for its object to improve a method for the environmentally sound disposal of air / solvent mixtures according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • this object is achieved in that the air / solvent mixtures are partially or completely fed to a recovery unit and converted into a usable form of energy and these are partially or completely supplied to the fuel cell system for recovery and thereby partially or completely by itself with the fuel cell system during operation Fuel is supplied and the fuel cell system operates on the basis of a Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell.
  • a fuel cell system is also referred to as a molten carbonate fuel cell or systems.
  • Air / solvent mixtures is understood as meaning air and / or inert gas and / or mixtures thereof with combustible or combustible substances (hereinafter also referred to as a mixture).
  • Solvents are z. As alcohols, ketones such as acetone, aromatics such as toluene. Such solvents are also referred to in the English-speaking world as VOC (volatile organic compounds).
  • Fuel cell systems based on a Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell are known, for example, from DE 195 48 297 C2 and have the advantage that they can emit energy carriers with them with high electrical efficiency.
  • the air / solvent mixtures in the recovery unit are condensed out in a condensation device and the resulting combustible condensate after treatment in a gas treatment plant e-lektrochemisch reacted to fuel gas in the anode chambers of the fuel cell system.
  • the exhaust air leaving the recovery unit which has been largely freed from air / solvent mixtures, is preferably supplied as fresh air to the cathode chambers of the fuel cell system and the contained solvent constituents are oxidized by oxygen.
  • waste heat generated in the fuel cell system and / or the current are fed to the recovery unit for condensing the air / solvent mixture according to the invention.
  • the method or system concept according to the invention uses, to a large extent or exclusively, the energy which is contained in the combustible substance which has previously been condensed out of the air / solvent mixture. Only the starting can optionally be done with a conventional fuel, such as fuel gas.
  • the recovery unit is an absorption plant, condensation plant, inversion refrigeration plant or adsorption plant.
  • the combustible or combustible substances are completely or almost completely removed from the mixture or the air / solvent mixture and fed the residual gas from the mixture of the supply air to the fuel cell system.
  • Figure 1 shows the state of the art, i. schematically a method for the environmentally sound disposal of air / solvent mixtures 5, which consist of combustible vaporous or liquid waste, with a combustion unit 1 with removal of the resulting in the combustion unit 1 environmentally friendly exhaust air 2 and the generated waste heat 3 and / or stream.
  • the combustion unit 1 is here a thermal post-combustion plant 9, into which an air / solvent mixture 5 is introduced.
  • the air / solvent mixture 5 has been diluted with air so far that no ignitable mixture is present. This lean air is fed to the thermal afterburning.
  • a fuel / fuel gas 11 and / or electrical energy 12, ie, electricity are introduced into the afterburner 9.
  • the waste air 2 (CO 2 / H 2 O) and the waste heat 3 are removed from the post-combustion plant 9. It is also known to use the waste heat 3 for preheating the air / solvent mixture 1.
  • FIG 2 also shows the prior art, for. B. US 6,845,619 B2, only here is a fuel cell system 10 is used as the combustion unit 1, for which a solvent 5 is used as the fuel gas.
  • the exhaust air 2, the waste heat 3 and stream 4 are removed from the fuel cell system 10.
  • K ⁇ ausland ⁇ OZ08018 doc Figure 3 describes the novel coupling of a fuel cell system 10 and a recovery unit 6, wherein the fuel cell system 10 performs a conversion of the air / solvent mixture 5 in heat energy and exhaust air or exhaust gas or electricity.
  • the fuel cell system 10 supplies the recovery unit 6 with waste heat, which has been recovered from the combustible or combustible material.
  • a part of the air / solvent mixture 5 can be introduced directly into the cathode chambers of the fuel cells of the fuel cell system and another part or the remainder is introduced into the recovery unit 6 for condensation, where it is converted into usable energy forms and these are then converted into hydrogen initiated in a reformer in the anode chambers of the fuel cell of the fuel cell system as a fuel gas.
  • the hydrogen is reacted electrochemically according to the following reaction equation:
  • the recovery unit 6 separates the air / solvent mixture 5.
  • the combustible or combustible substance (the condensate 7) is transferred into a tank 8, from which in turn the fuel cell system 1 can remove the fuel necessary for the operation.
  • the air / solvent mixture 5 is introduced and condensed out there.
  • the condensate 7 is passed into a tank 8.
  • exhaust air 2 and / or waste heat 3 or electricity is introduced into the recovery unit, which is obtained in the combustion unit. This is, possibly supplemented by electrical energy 12, used for material conversion or condensation.
  • the exhaust air 17 accumulating in the recovery unit 6 is e.g. discharged from the recovery unit 6
  • the condensate 7 is stored until it is a liquid combustible substance
  • a further material conversion 16 can also be carried out in a corresponding converter, the material conversion
  • the fuel cell system 1 is a molten carbonate type fuel cell system. If required, fuel / fuel gas 11 originating from another source can also be introduced into the fuel cell system 1.
  • the exhaust air 2 and waste heat 3 of the combustion process is, at least partially transferred to the recovery unit 6, where it is used for the condensation of the air / solvent mixture 5.
  • the exhaust gas 18 (CO 2 / H 2 O) is discharged.
  • the plant concept is used for the environmentally sound disposal of mixtures of air and combustible or combustible substances and avoids the use of additional fuel gas for the combustion of flammable or combustible substances.
  • Fuel cell system is a fuel cell system based on a Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell.
  • Recovery units can be, for example, absorption plants, condensation plants, inversion refrigeration plants, adsorption plants.
  • the fuel cell system is not dependent on the constant concentration of combustible substances in the air mixture, but could be operated evenly by the continuous removal of combustible substances from the tank.
  • the system can also be operated if the supply of air / solvent mixture or condensate or combustible liquid material should be interrupted.
  • the combustible substance from the tank does not have to be completely recycled via the plant concept, but can optionally be used partly for other applications.
  • the essential feature of the coupling of the fuel cell system with the recovery unit is the transfer of waste heat in exhaust air or exhaust gas.
  • the use of a fuel cell system and electric power is included in the coupling.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour l'élimination écologique de mélanges air/solvant (5) qui sont constitués de déchets combustibles sous forme gazeuse, de vapeur ou liquide, avec une installation (1) à piles à combustible pour valoriser les mélanges air/solvant (5) avec évacuation de l'air sortant (2) compatible avec l'environnement apparaissant dans l'installation (1) à piles à combustible, de la chaleur dissipée produite (3) et du courant électrique produit. Selon l'invention, afin d'améliorer le procédé, les mélanges air/solvant (5) sont apportés en totalité ou en partie à une unité de récupération (6) et y sont transformés en une forme d'énergie utilisable (22, 24, 7) qui est apportée en totalité ou en partie pour valorisation à l'installation (1) à piles à combustible, de sorte que, pendant le fonctionnement, l'installation (1) à piles à combustible est autoalimentée en totalité ou en partie en combustible, l'installation (1) fonctionnant sur la base de piles à combustible MCFC (« molten carbonate fuel cell »).
EP08717423A 2007-03-06 2008-03-05 Procédé pour l'élimination écologique de mélanges air/solvant avec une installation à piles à combustible et une unité de récupération Withdrawn EP2132488A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007011195 2007-03-06
DE102008000417 2008-02-27
PCT/EP2008/052673 WO2008107457A1 (fr) 2007-03-06 2008-03-05 Procédé pour l'élimination écologique de mélanges air/solvant avec une installation à piles à combustible et une unité de récupération

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2132488A1 true EP2132488A1 (fr) 2009-12-16

Family

ID=39484550

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08717424A Withdrawn EP2132489A1 (fr) 2007-03-06 2008-03-05 Concept d'installation avec apport d'énergie réduit et rendement énergétique amélioré
EP08717423A Withdrawn EP2132488A1 (fr) 2007-03-06 2008-03-05 Procédé pour l'élimination écologique de mélanges air/solvant avec une installation à piles à combustible et une unité de récupération

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08717424A Withdrawn EP2132489A1 (fr) 2007-03-06 2008-03-05 Concept d'installation avec apport d'énergie réduit et rendement énergétique amélioré

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (2) US9091437B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP2132489A1 (fr)
JP (3) JP2010532909A (fr)
KR (1) KR101495504B1 (fr)
CN (2) CN101688668B (fr)
AU (1) AU2008223853B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE102008000527A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2478170C2 (fr)
WO (2) WO2008107457A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008107457A1 (fr) * 2007-03-06 2008-09-12 Ceramtec Ag Procédé pour l'élimination écologique de mélanges air/solvant avec une installation à piles à combustible et une unité de récupération
DE102013100108A1 (de) * 2013-01-08 2014-07-10 Clausthaler Umwelttechnik-Institut Gmbh (Cutec-Institut) Thermische Nachverbrennungsanlage und Stirling-Motor dafür
CN107420917A (zh) * 2016-05-24 2017-12-01 英尼奥斯欧洲股份公司 废气焚烧炉控制
DE102018219105A1 (de) * 2018-11-08 2020-05-14 Dürr Systems Ag Verfahren zur Reinigung eines Rohgasstroms und Reinigungsvorrichtung

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2010532909A (ja) 2010-10-14
CN101790663A (zh) 2010-07-28
JP5453114B2 (ja) 2014-03-26
AU2008223853B2 (en) 2012-08-02
US20100047639A1 (en) 2010-02-25
RU2478170C2 (ru) 2013-03-27
WO2008107458A1 (fr) 2008-09-12
CN101688668B (zh) 2012-01-11
WO2008107457A1 (fr) 2008-09-12
DE102008000527A1 (de) 2008-09-11
CN101790663B (zh) 2012-06-27
JP5868295B2 (ja) 2016-02-24
CN101688668A (zh) 2010-03-31
RU2009136638A (ru) 2011-04-20
JP2013047601A (ja) 2013-03-07
AU2008223853A1 (en) 2008-09-12
DE102008000528A1 (de) 2008-09-25
US20100050629A1 (en) 2010-03-04
US9091437B2 (en) 2015-07-28
EP2132489A1 (fr) 2009-12-16
KR20090119780A (ko) 2009-11-19
JP2010520408A (ja) 2010-06-10
KR101495504B1 (ko) 2015-02-26

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