EP2114644B1 - Procédé de traitement de pièces de bois - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement de pièces de bois Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2114644B1
EP2114644B1 EP08707424A EP08707424A EP2114644B1 EP 2114644 B1 EP2114644 B1 EP 2114644B1 EP 08707424 A EP08707424 A EP 08707424A EP 08707424 A EP08707424 A EP 08707424A EP 2114644 B1 EP2114644 B1 EP 2114644B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat treatment
cyanamide
wooden parts
wood
cyanamide solution
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08707424A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2114644A1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas GÜTHNER
Jürgen SANS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alzchem Trostberg GmbH
Original Assignee
Alzchem Trostberg GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alzchem Trostberg GmbH filed Critical Alzchem Trostberg GmbH
Publication of EP2114644A1 publication Critical patent/EP2114644A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2114644B1 publication Critical patent/EP2114644B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/15Impregnating involving polymerisation including use of polymer-containing impregnating agents
    • B27K3/156Combined with grafting onto wood fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/0278Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/0085Thermal treatments, i.e. involving chemical modification of wood at temperatures well over 100°C
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2240/00Purpose of the treatment
    • B27K2240/70Hydrophobation treatment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/08Impregnating by pressure, e.g. vacuum impregnation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for the treatment of wood parts to improve their performance properties such. As hardness, water absorption and weather resistance.
  • wood is modified by impregnation with reactive monomers and subsequent crosslinking thereof.
  • Such methods are for. B. off WO 2006/117 159 A1 respectively.
  • the present invention therefore an object of the invention to develop a method for modifying wood parts in the form of wood or wood materials, which does not have the disadvantages of the prior art, but the known method for the thermal treatment of wood with an impregnation in the Improved manner that only small amounts of a toxicologically and ecologically harmless impregnating agent are needed and still obtain advantageous properties.
  • the wood parts in the form of wood or wood-based materials are first subjected to impregnation with cyanamide (step a)) and then to a heat treatment (step b)).
  • This low-priced hardwood and softwoods of moderate widths are treated, which preferably come from sustainable forestry.
  • Examples are the European woods spruce, fir, pine, birch, beech, such. European beech or hornbeam, maple, poplar, alder, linden, Douglas fir, ash and oak, as well as non-European woods with an analogous property profile.
  • the woods are preferably as solid wood (boards, planks, slats) before. But they can also be in the form of veneers or chips for subsequent use for the production of wood-based materials. Alternatively, finished wood materials (plywood, chipboard, wood fiber boards, OSB boards, glued wood) can be treated by the method according to the invention.
  • the said woods or wood-based materials are preferably impregnated by the application of vacuum and / or pressure with a cyanamide-containing solution. Suitable for this purpose are facilities such as are commonly used for the boiler pressure impregnation of woods.
  • the aqueous impregnating solution should contain 1 to 50% by weight of cyanamide, particularly preferably 5 to 25% by weight of cyanamide, in particular 10 to 15% by weight of cyanamide.
  • the pH of the impregnating solution should be in the range 3.0 to 7.0, preferably pH 4.0 to 5.5 or pH 4.5 to 5.0.
  • the impregnating solution may optionally contain further substances, the water-soluble wood preservatives known to the person skilled in the art in the concentration range of 0.01 to 5.0% by weight being preferred. Typical examples of such additives are, for. As fungicides, insecticides or biocides, such as.
  • borates As copper compounds, fluorides, borates, silicates, phenol, 1,2,4-triazoles, insecticidal phosphoric acid esters or neonicotinoid insecticides. To improve the flame resistance of wood or wood materials phosphates, borates or sulfamates can be added. In addition, pigments and / or dyes and / or ultraviolet light absorbers may be included.
  • the aqueous cyanamide solution further contains surfactants, preferably in an amount of 0.02 to 0.2 wt .-%, in particular 0.05 to 0.015 wt .-%.
  • surfactants preferably in an amount of 0.02 to 0.2 wt .-%, in particular 0.05 to 0.015 wt .-%.
  • the impregnation (step a)) is suitably carried out in a temperature range between 0 and 60 ° C, in particular 20 to 40 ° C.
  • a vacuum 0.02 to 0.98 bar
  • pressure (1.02 to 15 bar)
  • a complete impregnation of the wood with the impregnating solution can be achieved become.
  • a 1- to 5-fold alternation of pressure and vacuum treatment can take place.
  • Corresponding methods are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the woods impregnated in this way are optionally subjected to a heat treatment after drying.
  • the optional drying of the impregnated with the aqueous cyanamide wood can be carried out at temperatures of 20 to 150 ° C, preferably at 40 to 130 ° C, wherein the external pressure, if necessary, by applying a vacuum to 0.01 to 1.0 bar is set.
  • the drying time is several hours, preferably 1 to 24 hours.
  • the drying is initiated by the action of the temperature and pressure conditions provided for the heat treatment, in which case a sliding transition to the heat treatment takes place.
  • the temperature range of the heat treatment is between 130 and 250 ° C, preferably 150 to 220 ° C, in particular 170 to 200 ° C.
  • the duration of the heat treatment is 1 to 36 hours, with times between 2 and 12 hours or 4 to 8 hours being preferred.
  • the drying and subsequent heat treatment is preferably carried out in several temperature stages, wherein said temperature is gradually approached.
  • the heat treatment can be carried out without pressure, but possibly also under a pressure of up to 10 bar, for example at 3 to 7 bar, wherein the atmosphere may preferably contain air, nitrogen, water vapor or a mixture thereof.
  • the treated woods After the heat treatment, the treated woods have a residual moisture of preferably less than 10%. They can be used as such as construction timbers, such. As for load-bearing or non-structural components of buildings, doors, windows, furniture (especially garden furniture) and wood elements in horticulture. Alternatively, the treated woods (especially in the form of veneers, chips, etc.) can be used for the production of wood-based materials, which in turn can be used for the applications mentioned.
  • the invention treated wood parts are characterized by very good performance properties such. As high hardness, low water absorption and very good weather resistance.
  • test specimens were immersed in cyanamide solution (or water as reference) and completely impregnated by evacuation twice. Then it was dried at 60 ° C in a vacuum.
  • Test specimens which had been impregnated with water or with 10% strength by weight cyanamide solution according to Example 1 were thermally post-treated at 160 ° C. (8 hours) or at 200 ° C. (3 hours). The weights of the specimens were used to record the water uptake or release as well as the cyanamide uptake (see Figure 2 ).
  • Example 2 woods were tested for hardness. This resulted in: Species impregnation heat treatment hardness Spruce without Drying at 60 ° C low Spruce without Heat treatment 200 ° C, 3 hours medium Spruce with 10% cyanamide solution Drying at 60 ° C low Spruce with 10% cyanamide solution Heat treatment 200 ° C, 3 hours high birch without Drying at 60 ° C medium birch without Heat treatment 200 ° C, 3 hours high birch with 10% cyanamide solution Drying at 60 ° C medium birch with 10% cyanamide solution Heat treatment 200 ° C, 3 hours very high
  • Example 2 woods were immersed for 7 days at 20 ° C in water.
  • the water absorption (as mass%) or the volume increase of the specimens was determined (see Figures 3 and 4).
  • Wood specimens according to Example 2 were exposed to the weather. After a residence time of 12 months, the weather resistance was estimated.
  • Species impregnation heat treatment weatherability Spruce without Drying at 60 ° C low Spruce without Heat treatment 200 ° C, 3 hours medium Spruce with 10% cyanamide solution Drying at 60 ° C low Spruce with 10% cyanamide solution Heat treatment 200 ° C, 3 hours high birch without Drying at 60 ° C low birch without Heat treatment 200 ° C, 3 hours medium birch with 10% cyanamide solution Drying at 60 ° C low birch with 10% cyanamide solution Heat treatment 200 ° C, 3 hours high

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Procédé de traitement de pièces de bois, pour améliorer leurs propriétés techniques d'utilisation, caractérisé en ce que
    a) l'on imprègne les pièces de bois avec une solution aqueuse de cyanamide sans agent de réticulation additionnel, la solution aqueuse de cyanamide présentant une concentration de 1 à 50% en poids et ensuite
    b) l'on soumet les pièces de bois imprégnées éventuellement après un séchage, à un traitement thermique de 130 à 250° C.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les pièces de bois sont en épicéa, sapin, pin, bouleau, hêtre, érable, peuplier, aulne, tilleul, sapin de Douglas, frêne et/ou chêne.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la solution aqueuse de cyanamide présente une concentration de 5 à 25 % en poids.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le pH de la solution aqueuse de cyanamide est de 3,0 à 7,0, en particulier, de 4,0 à 5,5.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la solution aqueuse de cyanamide contient d'autres agents de préservation du bois classiques tels que des fongicides, insecticides ou biocides à base organique ou inorganique dans une plage de concentrations de 0,01 à 5 % en poids.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise comme agent de préservation du bois, des composés de cuivre, des fluorures, des borates, des silicates, du phénol, du 1,2,4-triazol, des esters d'acide phosphorique insecticide ou des insecticides néonicotinoïdes.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la solution aqueuse de cyanamide contient d'autres agents retardateurs de flamme choisis dans le groupe comprenant les phosphates, borates ou sulfonates, ainsi que des pigments et/ou colorants et/ou absorbants UV.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la solution aqueuse de cyanamide contient en outre 0,02 à 0,2 % en poids de substances tensioactives, en particulier, des tensioactifs non ioniques, cationiques ou anioniques.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'on réalise l'étape a) à des températures de 0 à 60° C, en particulier, de 20 à 40° C.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'imprégnation est réalisée sous vide de 0,02 à 0,98 bar ou dans une plage de pressions de 1,02 à 15 bar, éventuellement, consécutivement et/ou en plusieurs cycles.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'on réalise le traitement thermique (étape b)) dans une plage de températures de 150 à 220° C.
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le traitement thermique est effectué pendant une durée de 1 à 36 heures, en particulier de 2 à 12 heures.
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que l'on réalise le traitement thermique à une pression de 1 à 10 bar.
EP08707424A 2007-02-03 2008-01-30 Procédé de traitement de pièces de bois Not-in-force EP2114644B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007005527A DE102007005527A1 (de) 2007-02-03 2007-02-03 Verfahren zur Behandlung von Holzteilen
PCT/EP2008/000729 WO2008095635A1 (fr) 2007-02-03 2008-01-30 Procédé de traitement de pièces de bois

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2114644A1 EP2114644A1 (fr) 2009-11-11
EP2114644B1 true EP2114644B1 (fr) 2010-12-29

Family

ID=39327461

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08707424A Not-in-force EP2114644B1 (fr) 2007-02-03 2008-01-30 Procédé de traitement de pièces de bois

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US8445072B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2114644B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE493244T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2676663A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102007005527A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2355095T3 (fr)
HK (1) HK1131765A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008095635A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2966372B1 (fr) * 2010-10-26 2013-08-23 Berkem Sa Composition pour le traitement du bois
US10632645B2 (en) 2012-03-29 2020-04-28 Nisus Corporation Method of treating wood
PL2786662T3 (pl) * 2013-04-03 2018-07-31 ADM WILD Europe GmbH & Co. KG Sposób osadzania substancji w stałych środkach spożywczych
US10356636B2 (en) * 2017-04-03 2019-07-16 Qualcomm Incorporated Techniques and apparatuses to improve drone-mounted user equipment performance

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008095635A1 (fr) 2008-08-14
ATE493244T1 (de) 2011-01-15
HK1131765A1 (en) 2010-02-05
EP2114644A1 (fr) 2009-11-11
DE502008002132D1 (de) 2011-02-10
ES2355095T3 (es) 2011-03-22
US20100003411A1 (en) 2010-01-07
DE102007005527A1 (de) 2008-08-07
CA2676663A1 (fr) 2008-08-14
US8445072B2 (en) 2013-05-21

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