EP2084329B2 - Artificial lawn with cushioned layer - Google Patents

Artificial lawn with cushioned layer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2084329B2
EP2084329B2 EP07821579.5A EP07821579A EP2084329B2 EP 2084329 B2 EP2084329 B2 EP 2084329B2 EP 07821579 A EP07821579 A EP 07821579A EP 2084329 B2 EP2084329 B2 EP 2084329B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
foam
slits
woven fabric
artificial lawn
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EP07821579.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2084329A1 (en
EP2084329B1 (en
Inventor
Michael Frank
Wilhelm Ginster
Rudolf Kautz
Frank Pilz
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Trocellen GmbH
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Trocellen GmbH
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/02—Foundations, e.g. with drainage or heating arrangements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N7/00—Flexible sheet materials not otherwise provided for, e.g. textile threads, filaments, yarns or tow, glued on macromolecular material
    • D06N7/0063—Floor covering on textile basis comprising a fibrous top layer being coated at the back with at least one polymer layer, e.g. carpets, rugs, synthetic turf
    • D06N7/0089—Underlays
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/08—Surfaces simulating grass ; Grass-grown sports grounds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an artificial turf with a playable top layer and a padding layer, the padding layer comprising at least one foam layer.
  • the invention also relates to the use of such a cushioning layer for an artificial turf.
  • artificial grass on e.g. B. Soccer fields are available in different versions with regard to the turf yarn, the type of tufting, the pile heights and densities.
  • the artificial turf can be filled with quartz sand, rubber granules, EPDM granules, layers combined from these or other fillings. The fill levels depend on the density of the lawn yarns and pile heights.
  • an elastic layer is installed under the artificial turf, which can consist of cross-linked PE foam, PU composite foam, a rubber granulate mat, on-site layers of a mixture of recycled rubber-sand-resin or EPDM-sand-resin.
  • strips of foam material such as PE, PP, PS or PVC in the usual widths of 1.5 to 2 m and thicknesses of 4 to 20 mm are rolled out lengthways across the width of the field.
  • the web edges are sewn, glued or welded together.
  • the artificial turf strips are laid to weigh them down, which are also aligned across the width of the field.
  • Laying the elastic layer can be problematic when the temperature changes. If a sheet is laid at relatively low daytime temperatures, it initially lies flat and dense on the base layer, e.g. B. asphalt, concrete or subgrade. If the artificial turf tracks are laid over the elastic layer in this state, the tracks will remain flat.
  • the base layer e.g. B. asphalt, concrete or subgrade.
  • WO 98/56993 describes an artificial turf according to the preamble of claim 1. Although the cushioning layer has slits, these are for receiving golf tees, so this does not solve the camber problem.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a cushioning layer under an artificial turf which avoids these problems and at the same time avoids the formation of waves/curvatures in the event of solar radiation or in the case of lawn areas that have already been laid due to expansion of the foam sheets.
  • the padding layer has slits that completely penetrate the padding layer. These slits in the padding layer cause the stretchability in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the padding layer webs is significantly increased, so that the webs are stretched when laying even with relatively low tensile stress so far that they even with significant heating, z. B. by sunlight, no longer have waves.
  • the type and length of the slits is basically unproblematic, but slit patterns are preferred in which the individual slits run in two different directions, these two directions being at an angle of 30 to 90°, preferably at an angle of 90°, to one another.
  • the slits can also be curved or non-linear in some other way, it being preferable for the distribution of the slits to allow stretching both in the longitudinal and in the transverse direction.
  • the cushioning layer When laying, the cushioning layer is particularly preferably stretched in the longitudinal direction by about 0.5 to 10%, in particular 1.5 to 6%, by laying the cushioning layer with appropriate tensile force during laying and, if necessary, fixing it at the end. If the padding layer only has slits in one direction, the elongation can also be selected to be higher, in particular up to 300%.
  • the abutting longitudinal edges After the laying of two or more webs running next to one another, they are connected to one another by welding the abutting longitudinal edges together. It is not critical if the slits of the individual webs extend into this edge area. It is generally sufficient if two webs that abut one another by their side edges are only spot-welded to one another. As an alternative to welding, the abutting webs can also be glued or sewn together.
  • the padding layer according to the invention is preferably made from a crosslinked polyolefin foam with a density of 25 to 180 kg/m 3 , in particular 27 to 100 kg/m 3 .
  • the thickness is preferably 5 to 20 mm, in particular 8 to 18 mm.
  • a multi-layer in particular a layer composed of different densities, can also be used.
  • a top layer with a density of 120 kg/m 3 and a bottom layer with a density of 30 kg/m 3 could be combined, with the individual layers preferably being connected to one another by flame lamination.
  • the foam layer of the padding layer is provided with an extensible fleece or woven or knitted fabric, which is laminated onto the already stretched foam layer.
  • the elongation of the laminate can relax to a greater or lesser extent and the unslit top or bottom layers can be compressed to a greater or lesser extent when the foam layer is relaxed.
  • significantly greater elongations of the foam layer can also be realized, in particular in the range from 50 to 300%.
  • a fleece cover layer throws up creases when the foam layer relaxes, these creases either pointing upwards or penetrating into the slits.
  • a fleece cover layer throws up creases when the foam layer relaxes, these creases either pointing upwards or penetrating into the slits.
  • an embodiment comprising a foam layer with exclusively straight slots running offset and parallel to one another, the foam layer being lined on one side with a fleece and being stretched by 100 to 200% when the fleece is laminated.
  • the individual slits are preferably each of the same length and preferably have a length of 30 to 100 mm, in particular 40 to 60 mm. In embodiments with slits running essentially in two mutually perpendicular directions, the individual slits are preferably arranged running at an angle of 45° to the edges of the web.
  • the webs are preferably slit by a suitable punching tool, for example by rollers fitted with knives and a counter-roller optionally fitted with slits, but can also take place, for example, by lifting punches or water jet cutting.
  • the laying can be done, for example, in the following way: With z. B. an unwinding carriage, the slit web is unrolled, passing two pairs of rollers installed on the unwinding device.
  • the rear pair of rollers is synchronously coupled to a drive wheel of the unwind carriage, the front pair of rollers is connected to the rear pair of rollers with a chain drive.
  • a smaller ring gear ensures that the front pair of rollers has a lower speed than the rear pair of rollers.
  • a uniform web tension is continuously applied, which leads to the stretching of the web running through.
  • the stretched sheet is fixed to the ground as at the beginning and kept under tension.
  • the ends are glued to the substrate while maintaining the web tension.
  • the web joints of adjacent webs are welded to one another in the longitudinal direction with hot air or a hot wedge.
  • the stretching of the web results in a herringbone-like structure of the expanded metal in the edge area. This means that there is no longer a closed web edge.
  • the foam elements protruding outwards butt against each other elastically at irregular intervals in the edge area of two strips lying next to one another. On the one hand, this achieves a resilient behavior of the elements with pressure aligned against one another, which is beneficial for welding, and on the other hand, due to the irregular welding positions, elastically deformable areas are obtained in the connecting areas of the webs.
  • Another advantage of the slits is that water can run to the underside of the lane and be discharged directly into the ground or to the edge of the field via drainage channels on the back of the lane. This eliminates the usual additional work step in which holes are punched into the foam sheet.
  • a foam web made of chemically crosslinked, largely closed-cell polyethylene foam with a density of 90 kg/m 3 , manufactured by Trocellen C 09008 N, is used.
  • the starting material in roll form has a width of 150 cm and a thickness of 8 mm.
  • This web was provided with slits 7, 7', 8, 8' by means of a pair of rollers, the first roller of which had corresponding knives and the second roller had corresponding slits.
  • the slits 7, 7' and 8, 8' which run parallel to one another at a distance of 3.5 cm, each have a length b of 5 cm and run at an angle of 45° to the longitudinal extension of the web 1.
  • the slits 8, 8' also have a length b of 5 cm and are arranged alternately with the slots 7, 7', with a free space c of 1 cm remaining between the end of the slots 8, 8' and the transverse slot 7, 7'.
  • one end of the slotted sheet is first fixed to the subsurface using a nail bar.
  • the slit web is rotatably mounted on the laying device 9 in the form of a roll 3 .
  • the laying device 9 is now pulled in the laying direction 5, with the padding layer web 1 being unwound automatically and stretched by 5% in the stretching unit 6.
  • the speed of advance in the direction of laying 5 is also selected in such a way that the web is stretched by 5% in the longitudinal direction.
  • the track is cut to length and also fixed to the ground.
  • the slits 7, 7', 8, 8' were each opened slightly in the shape of a lens, so that the web was stretched by about 5% in the transverse direction at the same time as it was stretched in the longitudinal direction.
  • a second, third, etc. web is successively laid, each stretched by 5% in the longitudinal direction.
  • the adjacent webs that abut each other with their longitudinal edge 2 are then partially welded together in a manner known per se by means of hot air, so that a homogeneous, evenly stretched covering is produced.
  • the slits 7, 7', 8, 8' contract again to a greater or lesser extent in accordance with the temperature-related expansion of the web, without the web becoming wavy or arched as a result.
  • temperature differences of around 80 k and more can be compensated.
  • the top layer of artificial turf is laid step by step as the padding layer is laid, completing the sports floor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

Technisches Gebiettechnical field

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kunstrasen, mit einer bespielbaren Oberschicht und einer Polsterschicht, wobei die Polsterschicht wenigstens eine Schaumstoffschicht umfasst. Die Erfindung betrifft auch die Verwendung einer solchen Polsterschicht für einen Kunstrasen.The invention relates to an artificial turf with a playable top layer and a padding layer, the padding layer comprising at least one foam layer. The invention also relates to the use of such a cushioning layer for an artificial turf.

Kunstrasen auf z. B. Fußballfeldern gibt es in unterschiedlichen Ausführungen hinsichtlich des Rasengarns, der Tuftingart, den Polhöhen und Dichten. Der Kunstrasen kann gefüllt sein mit Quarzsand, Gummigranulat, EPDM-Granulat, hieraus kombinierten Schichten oder anderen Schüttungen. Die Füllhöhen richten sich nach der Dichte der Rasengarne und Pohlhöhen.artificial grass on e.g. B. Soccer fields are available in different versions with regard to the turf yarn, the type of tufting, the pile heights and densities. The artificial turf can be filled with quartz sand, rubber granules, EPDM granules, layers combined from these or other fillings. The fill levels depend on the density of the lawn yarns and pile heights.

Üblicherweise wird unter dem Kunstrasen eine Elastikschicht installiert, die bestehen kann aus vernetztem PE-Schaum, PU-Verbundschaum, einer Gummi-Granulatmatte, vor Ort aufgebrachten Schichten eines Gemisches aus rezykliertem Gummi-Sand-Harz oder EPDM-Sand-Harz.Usually, an elastic layer is installed under the artificial turf, which can consist of cross-linked PE foam, PU composite foam, a rubber granulate mat, on-site layers of a mixture of recycled rubber-sand-resin or EPDM-sand-resin.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Aus der WO 2006/007862 A1 ist eine Ausführungsform eines Sportbodens mit einer Elastikschicht bekannt, bei der unter den Schichten des Sportbodens eine Bahn aus vernetztem Polyethylenschaum mit thermisch geformten Noppen installiert wird.From the WO 2006/007862 A1 an embodiment of a sports floor with a resilient layer is known, in which a sheet of cross-linked polyethylene foam with thermoformed nubs is installed under the layers of the sports floor.

Bahnen aus Schaumstoffen wie PE, PP, PS oder PVC in üblichen Breiten von 1,5 bis 2 m und Dicken von 4 bis 20 mm werden im ersten Schritt der Verlegung in Längsrichtung über die Spielfeldbreite ausgerollt. Die Bahnenränder werden miteinander vernäht, verklebt oder verschweißt. Nach zwei bis drei ausgelegten Bahnen der Elastikschicht wird zur Beschwerung mit der Verlegung der Kunstrasenbahnen begonnen, die ebenfalls über die Spielfeldbreite ausgerichtet sind.In the first step of laying, strips of foam material such as PE, PP, PS or PVC in the usual widths of 1.5 to 2 m and thicknesses of 4 to 20 mm are rolled out lengthways across the width of the field. The web edges are sewn, glued or welded together. After two or three strips of elastic layer have been laid, the artificial turf strips are laid to weigh them down, which are also aligned across the width of the field.

Problematisch kann die Verlegung der Elastikschicht bei Temperaturwechsel sein. Wird eine Bahn bei relativ niedrigen Tagestemperaturen verlegt, liegt sie zunächst glatt und dicht auf der Tragschicht aus z. B. Asphalt, Beton oder Erdplanum auf. Werden in diesem Zustand die Kunstrasenbahnen über der Elastikschicht verlegt, bleiben die Bahnen auch weiterhin glatt liegen.Laying the elastic layer can be problematic when the temperature changes. If a sheet is laid at relatively low daytime temperatures, it initially lies flat and dense on the base layer, e.g. B. asphalt, concrete or subgrade. If the artificial turf tracks are laid over the elastic layer in this state, the tracks will remain flat.

Treten Temperaturveränderungen z. B. nach Auflockerung der Bewölkung durch Sonneneinstrahlung auf, kann es durch den relativ hohen Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten von Schaumstoffen zu Ausdehnungen der Bahnen in Länge und Breite kommen, was sich in Wellenbildung und Bahnenverwerfungen auswirkt. Wird in diesem Zustand die Verlegung von Kunstrasen weitergeführt, kann es zu bleibenden Unebenheiten in der Fläche kommen. Ein weiteres Problem stellt sich durch die Windanfälligkeit gewellter und nicht plan liegender Bahnen ein.If temperature changes occur, e.g. B. after loosening of the clouds due to solar radiation, the relatively high coefficient of thermal expansion of foams can lead to expansion of the webs in length and width, which has the effect of rippling and warping of the webs. If the artificial turf is continued to be laid in this state, there may be permanent unevenness in the surface. Another problem arises from the susceptibility to wind of corrugated and not flat tracks.

WO 98/56993 beschreibt einen Kunstrasen gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Die Polsterschicht weist zwar Schlitze auf, diese dienen jedoch zur Aufnahme von Golf-Tees, so dass das Problem der Wölbung dadurch nicht behoben wird. WO 98/56993 describes an artificial turf according to the preamble of claim 1. Although the cushioning layer has slits, these are for receiving golf tees, so this does not solve the camber problem.

Aus der EP 0 292 865 B1 ist zur Behebung dieses Problems eine mehrschichtige Polsterschicht bekannt, bei der die Polsterschicht an der oberen Seite mit einer Metallfolie kaschiert wurde, die das Sonnenlicht reflektiert und dadurch die Temperaturerhöhung weitgehend vermeidet. Diese Polsterschicht unter Kunstrasen hat sich bezüglich der Vermeidung der Wellenbildung bei Sonnenbestrahlung bewährt, jedoch führt die Rückstrahlung des Sonnenlichtes beim Verlegen zu Akzeptanzproblemen, da diese Reflexionen beim Verlegen außerordentlich störend sein können.From the EP 0 292 865 B1 a multi-layer cushioning layer is known for solving this problem, in which the cushioning layer was laminated on the upper side with a metal foil, which reflects the sunlight and thereby largely avoids the temperature increase. This cushioning layer under artificial turf has proven itself in terms of avoiding the formation of waves when exposed to sunlight, but the reflection of sunlight when laying leads to acceptance problems, since these reflections can be extremely annoying when laying.

Unebenheiten können auch noch unter bereits verlegten Rasenflächen durch Ausdehnungen der Schaumstoffbahnen entstehen.Unevenness can also occur under lawns that have already been laid due to expansion of the foam sheets.

Letzteres Problem wird bei Kunstrasenfüllungen durch das Schüttgewicht von Sand oder Granulat abgestellt.The latter problem is eliminated with artificial turf fillings due to the bulk density of sand or granules.

Bei nicht gefüllten Kunstrasen mit deutlich geringerem Eigengewicht bleibt die Problematik erhalten.The problem remains with unfilled artificial turf with a significantly lower dead weight.

Aufgabetask

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, eine Polsterschicht unter einem Kunstrasen zur Verfügung zu stellen, die diese Probleme und zugleich eine Wellenbildung/Wölbung bei Sonneneinstrahlung oder bei bereits verlegten Rasenflächen durch Ausdehnungen der Schaumstoffbahnen vermeidet.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a cushioning layer under an artificial turf which avoids these problems and at the same time avoids the formation of waves/curvatures in the event of solar radiation or in the case of lawn areas that have already been laid due to expansion of the foam sheets.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Erfindungsgemäß wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Polsterschicht Schlitze aufweist, die die Polsterschicht vollständig durchdringen. Diese Schlitze in der Polsterschicht bewirken, dass die Dehnbarkeit in Längs- und Querrichtung der Polsterschicht-Bahnen erheblich erhöht wird, so dass die Bahnen beim Verlegen schon bei relativ geringer Zugbeanspruchung soweit gedehnt werden, dass sie auch bei erheblicher Erwärmung, z. B. durch Sonneneinstrahlung, keine Wellenbildung mehr aufweisen.According to the invention, it is proposed that the padding layer has slits that completely penetrate the padding layer. These slits in the padding layer cause the stretchability in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the padding layer webs is significantly increased, so that the webs are stretched when laying even with relatively low tensile stress so far that they even with significant heating, z. B. by sunlight, no longer have waves.

Die Art und Länge der Schlitze ist grundsätzlich unproblematisch, jedoch werden Schlitzmuster bevorzugt, bei denen die einzelnen Schlitze in zwei verschiedenen Richtungen verlaufen, wobei diese beiden Richtungen im Winkel von 30 bis 90°, bevorzugt im Winkel von 90°, zueinander stehen. Alternativ können die Schlitze auch gekrümmt oder auf andere Weise ungradlinig verlaufen, wobei es bevorzugt ist, wenn durch die Verteilung der Schlitze eine Dehnung sowohl in Längs- als auch in Querrichtung möglich ist.The type and length of the slits is basically unproblematic, but slit patterns are preferred in which the individual slits run in two different directions, these two directions being at an angle of 30 to 90°, preferably at an angle of 90°, to one another. Alternatively, the slits can also be curved or non-linear in some other way, it being preferable for the distribution of the slits to allow stretching both in the longitudinal and in the transverse direction.

Soweit die Schlitze - wie bevorzugt - im Wesentlichen in zwei zueinander senkrecht stehenden Richtungen verlaufen und diese Richtungen im Winkel von ca. 45° zur Längserstreckung der Bahn gerichtet sind, wird ein besonders vorteilhafter Effekt erzielt: bei Dehnung in Längserstreckung durch Aufbringen einer entsprechenden Zugkraft bei der Verlegung werden die Bahnen gleichzeitig automatisch in Querrichtung verstreckt, so dass eine besonders einfache Verlegung von nebeneinander angeordneten Bahnen erfolgen kann.As far as the slots - as preferred - run essentially in two mutually perpendicular directions and these directions at an angle of 45° to the longitudinal extent of the web, a particularly advantageous effect is achieved: when stretching in the longitudinal extent by applying a corresponding tensile force during laying, the webs are automatically stretched in the transverse direction at the same time, so that it is particularly easy to lay webs arranged next to one another can.

Besonders bevorzugt wird beim Verlegen eine Dehnung der Polsterschicht in Längsrichtung von ca. 0,5 bis 10 %, insbesondere 1,5 bis 6 %, bewirkt, indem die Polsterschicht bei der Verlegung mit entsprechender Zugkraft verlegt und ggf. am Ende fixiert wird. Soweit die Polsterschicht Schlitze lediglich in einer Richtung aufweist, kann die Dehnung auch höher gewählt werden, insbesondere bis zu 300 %.When laying, the cushioning layer is particularly preferably stretched in the longitudinal direction by about 0.5 to 10%, in particular 1.5 to 6%, by laying the cushioning layer with appropriate tensile force during laying and, if necessary, fixing it at the end. If the padding layer only has slits in one direction, the elongation can also be selected to be higher, in particular up to 300%.

Nach dem Verlegen von zwei oder mehr nebeneinander verlaufenden Bahnen werden diese nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung untereinander durch Verschweißen der aneinanderstoßenden Längskanten miteinander verbunden. Es ist dabei unkritisch, wenn die Schlitze der einzelnen Bahnen bis in diesen Randbereich verlaufen. Es ist im allgemeinen ausreichend, wenn zwei mit ihren Seitenrändem aneinandergrenzende Bahnen nur punktweise miteinander verschweißt werden. Alternativ zur Verschweißung kann auch eine Verklebung oder Vernähung der aneinanderstoßenden Bahnen vorgenommen werden.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, after the laying of two or more webs running next to one another, they are connected to one another by welding the abutting longitudinal edges together. It is not critical if the slits of the individual webs extend into this edge area. It is generally sufficient if two webs that abut one another by their side edges are only spot-welded to one another. As an alternative to welding, the abutting webs can also be glued or sewn together.

Die erfindungsgemäße Polsterschicht wird bevorzugt aus einem vernetzten Polyolefinschaumstoff einer Dichte von 25 bis 180 kg/m3, insbesondere von 27 bis 100 kg/m3 hergestellt. Die Dicke beträgt bevorzugt 5 bis 20 mm, insbesondere 8 bis 18 mm.The padding layer according to the invention is preferably made from a crosslinked polyolefin foam with a density of 25 to 180 kg/m 3 , in particular 27 to 100 kg/m 3 . The thickness is preferably 5 to 20 mm, in particular 8 to 18 mm.

Erfindungsgemäß kann anstelle einer einschichtigen, homogenen Schaumstoffbahn auch eine mehrschichtige, insbesondere aus unterschiedlichen Dichten zusammengesetzte Schicht verwendet werden. Beispielsweise könnte eine Deckschicht einer Dichte von 120 kg/m3 und eine Unterschicht mit einer Dichte von 30 kg/m3 kombiniert werden, wobei die einzelnen Schichten bevorzugt durch Flammkaschieren miteinander verbunden werden.According to the invention, instead of a single-layer, homogeneous foam web, a multi-layer, in particular a layer composed of different densities, can also be used. For example, a top layer with a density of 120 kg/m 3 and a bottom layer with a density of 30 kg/m 3 could be combined, with the individual layers preferably being connected to one another by flame lamination.

Es können mehrere gleich oder unterschiedlich geschlitzte Schichten im geschlitzten und verstreckten Zustand miteinander kaschiert werden. Von besonderem Vorteil ist es, dass dabei die Verstreckung weitgehend fixiert bzw. erhalten bleibt.Several layers with the same or different slits can be laminated together in the slit and stretched state. It is of particular advantage that the stretching is largely fixed or retained.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Schaumstoffschicht der Polsterschicht nach dem Schlitzen mit einem dehnfähigen Vlies oder Gewebe oder Gewirke versehen, wobei dieses auf die bereits gestreckte Schaumstoffschicht kaschiert wird. Je nach Anordnung und Abstand der Schlitze sowie dem Maß der Verstreckung vor dem Kaschieren kann die Dehnung des Laminats mehr oder weniger stark relaxieren und dabei die ungeschlitzten Deck- oder Unterschichten beim Entspannen der Schaumstoffschicht mehr oder weniger stark gestaucht werden. Insbesondere bei Verwendung eines Vlieses als zusätzlicher, mit der Schaumstoffschicht kaschierter Schicht können auch wesentlich größere Dehnungen der Schaumstoffschicht realisiert werden, insbesondere im Bereich von 50 bis 300 %. Es kann dabei von Vorteil sein, wenn beispielsweise eine Vlies-Deckschicht beim Entspannen der Schaumstoffschicht Falten wirft, die entweder nach oben gerichtet oder in die Schlitze eindringen können. Besonders bevorzugt wird eine Ausführungsform, umfassend eine Schaumstoffschicht mit ausschließlich geraden, versetztparallel zueinander verlaufenden Schlitzen, wobei die Schaumstoffschicht einseitig mit einem Vlies kaschiert ist und beim Kaschieren des Vlieses um 100 bis 200 % gestreckt wird.According to the invention, after the slitting, the foam layer of the padding layer is provided with an extensible fleece or woven or knitted fabric, which is laminated onto the already stretched foam layer. Depending on the arrangement and spacing of the slits and the degree of stretching before lamination, the elongation of the laminate can relax to a greater or lesser extent and the unslit top or bottom layers can be compressed to a greater or lesser extent when the foam layer is relaxed. In particular when using a fleece as an additional layer laminated with the foam layer, significantly greater elongations of the foam layer can also be realized, in particular in the range from 50 to 300%. It can be advantageous if, for example, a fleece cover layer throws up creases when the foam layer relaxes, these creases either pointing upwards or penetrating into the slits. Particularly preferred is an embodiment comprising a foam layer with exclusively straight slots running offset and parallel to one another, the foam layer being lined on one side with a fleece and being stretched by 100 to 200% when the fleece is laminated.

Die einzelnen Schlitze sind bevorzugt jeweils gleich lang und weisen bevorzugt eine Länge von 30 bis 100 mm, insbesondere 40 bis 60 mm auf. Bei Ausführungsformen mit im Wesentlichen in zwei zueinander senkrecht stehenden Richtungen verlaufen Schlitzen sind die einzelnen Schlitze bevorzugt im Winkel von jeweils 45° zu den Kanten der Bahn verlaufend angeordnet.The individual slits are preferably each of the same length and preferably have a length of 30 to 100 mm, in particular 40 to 60 mm. In embodiments with slits running essentially in two mutually perpendicular directions, the individual slits are preferably arranged running at an angle of 45° to the edges of the web.

Das Schlitzen der Bahnen erfolgt bevorzugt durch ein entsprechendes Stanzwerkzeug, beispielsweise durch entsprechend mit Messern versehene Walzen und einer ggf. mit Schlitzen versehenen Gegenwalze, kann aber auch beispielsweise durch Hubstanzen oder Wasserstrahlschneiden erfolgen.The webs are preferably slit by a suitable punching tool, for example by rollers fitted with knives and a counter-roller optionally fitted with slits, but can also take place, for example, by lifting punches or water jet cutting.

Das Verlegen kann beispielsweise in folgender Weise erfolgen: Mit z. B. einem Abrollwagen wird die geschlitzte Bahn ausgerollt, wobei sie zwei auf der Abrollvorrichtung installierte Walzenpaare passiert. Das hintere Walzenpaar ist synchron mit einem Antriebsrad des Abrollwagens gekoppelt, das vordere Walzenpaar wird mit einem Kettenantrieb mit dem hinteren Walzenpaar verbunden. Dabei sorgt ein kleinerer Zahnkranz für eine Übersetzung mit geringerer Drehzahl des vorderen Walzenpaares gegenüber dem hinteren Walzenpaar. Hierdurch wird kontinuierlich eine gleichmäßige Bahnenspannung aufgebracht, die zur Verstreckung der durchlaufenden Bahn führt. Am Ende der Auslegestrecke wird die gestreckte Bahn wie am Anfang am Boden befestigt und unter Spannung gehalten. Im weiteren Verlauf der Verlegung werden die Enden unter Erhalt der Bahnenspannung auf dem Untergrund verklebt.The laying can be done, for example, in the following way: With z. B. an unwinding carriage, the slit web is unrolled, passing two pairs of rollers installed on the unwinding device. The rear pair of rollers is synchronously coupled to a drive wheel of the unwind carriage, the front pair of rollers is connected to the rear pair of rollers with a chain drive. A smaller ring gear ensures that the front pair of rollers has a lower speed than the rear pair of rollers. As a result, a uniform web tension is continuously applied, which leads to the stretching of the web running through. At the end of the stretch, the stretched sheet is fixed to the ground as at the beginning and kept under tension. In the further course of laying, the ends are glued to the substrate while maintaining the web tension.

Die Bahnenstöße benachbarter Bahnen werden nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung in Längsrichtung mit Heißluft oder Heizkeil miteinander verschweißt. Durch die Verstreckung der Bahn stellt sich im Randbereich eine fischgrätartige Struktur des Streckgitters ein. Damit liegt keine geschlossene Bahnenkante mehr vor. Die nach außen ragenden Schaumstoffelemente stoßen im Kantenbereich von zwei nebeneinander liegenden Bahnen in unregelmäßigen Abständen elastisch gegeneinander. Hierdurch wird einerseits ein federndes Verhalten der Elemente mit gegeneinander ausgerichtetem Druck erreicht, was dem Verschweißen entgegenkommt, andererseits werden durch die unregelmäßigen Schweißpositionen auch in den Verbindungsbereichen der Bahnen elastisch verformbare Bereiche erhalten.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the web joints of adjacent webs are welded to one another in the longitudinal direction with hot air or a hot wedge. The stretching of the web results in a herringbone-like structure of the expanded metal in the edge area. This means that there is no longer a closed web edge. The foam elements protruding outwards butt against each other elastically at irregular intervals in the edge area of two strips lying next to one another. On the one hand, this achieves a resilient behavior of the elements with pressure aligned against one another, which is beneficial for welding, and on the other hand, due to the irregular welding positions, elastically deformable areas are obtained in the connecting areas of the webs.

In Versuchen wurden nach vorstehender Beschreibung geschlitzte Bahnen an zwei Enden in einem Rahmen gestreckt und befestigt. Eine Oberfläche wurde danach mit IR-Strahlung erwärmt. Während sich in einem Parallelversuch eine geschlossene, nicht geschlitzte und verstreckte Schaumbahn gleicher Qualität unter einseitiger Temperatureinwirkung konvex zur erwärmten Seite wölbt, bleibt die geschlitzte und kalt gestreckte Bahn ohne Verzug in der Planlage. Mit zunehmender Temperatur verengen sich die Schlitze, bei Entfernung der Wärmequelle und Abkühlung öffnen sich die Schlitze wieder in die Ausgangsabmessungen zurück.In tests, webs slit as described above were stretched and fastened at two ends in a frame. A surface was then heated with IR radiation. While in a parallel test a closed, non-slotted and stretched sheet of foam of the same quality curves convexly towards the heated side under the effect of temperature on one side, the slit and cold-stretched sheet remains flat without distortion. The slits narrow as the temperature increases, and when the heat source is removed and the slits cool down, the slits open back to their original dimensions.

Ein weiterer Vorteil der Schlitze besteht darin, dass Wasser zur Unterseite der Bahn laufen kann und direkt in den Untergrund oder über auf der Bahnenrückseite eingebrachte Ablaufrinnen zum Spielfeldrand abgeführt werden kann. Hierdurch erübrigt sich ein sonst üblicher zusätzlicher Arbeitsgang, bei dem Löcher in die Schaumbahn gestanzt werden.Another advantage of the slits is that water can run to the underside of the lane and be discharged directly into the ground or to the edge of the field via drainage channels on the back of the lane. This eliminates the usual additional work step in which holes are punched into the foam sheet.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungBrief description of the drawing

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels sowie der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Die erfindungsgemäße Kaschierung auf die gestreckte Schaumstoffschicht ist jedoch nicht beschrieben. Es zeigen dabei:

  • Fig. 1 eine Aufsicht der Bahn aus Schaumstoff
  • Fig. 2 eine Verlegereinrichtung
The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment and the drawing. However, the lamination according to the invention onto the stretched foam layer is not described. They show:
  • 1 a plan view of the sheet of foam
  • 2 a publishing facility

Bester Weg zur Ausführung der ErfindungBest way to carry out the invention

Für die Herstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Polsterschicht 1 wird eine Schaumstoffbahn aus chemisch vernetztem, weitgehend geschlossenzelligem Polyethylenschaum einer Dichte von 90 kg/m3, Fabrikat Trocellen C 09008 N, verwendet. Das Ausgangsmaterial in Rollenform hat eine Breite von 150 cm sowie eine Dicke von 8 mm. Diese Bahn wurde mittels eines Walzenpaares, dessen erste Walze entsprechende Messer und dessen zweite Walze hierzu passende Schlitze aufwies, mit Schlitzen 7, 7', 8, 8' versehen. Die zueinander im Abstand von 3,5 cm parallel verlaufenden Schlitze 7, 7' bzw. 8, 8' haben jeweils eine Länge b von 5 cm und verlaufen im Winkel von 45° zur Längserstreckung der Bahn 1. Die senkrecht hierzu verlaufenden Schlitze 8, 8' weisen ebenfalls eine Länge b von 5 cm auf und sind alternierend zu den Schlitzen 7, 7' angeordnet, wobei zwischen dem Ende der Schlitze 8, 8' jeweils ein Freiraum c von 1 cm bis zum querliegenden Schlitz 7, 7' verbleibt.For the production of a padding layer 1 according to the invention, a foam web made of chemically crosslinked, largely closed-cell polyethylene foam with a density of 90 kg/m 3 , manufactured by Trocellen C 09008 N, is used. The starting material in roll form has a width of 150 cm and a thickness of 8 mm. This web was provided with slits 7, 7', 8, 8' by means of a pair of rollers, the first roller of which had corresponding knives and the second roller had corresponding slits. The slits 7, 7' and 8, 8', which run parallel to one another at a distance of 3.5 cm, each have a length b of 5 cm and run at an angle of 45° to the longitudinal extension of the web 1. The slits 8, 8' also have a length b of 5 cm and are arranged alternately with the slots 7, 7', with a free space c of 1 cm remaining between the end of the slots 8, 8' and the transverse slot 7, 7'.

Zum Verlegen dieser Polsterschicht wird zunächst ein Ende der geschlitzten Bahn auf den Untergrund mittels eines Nagelbalkens fixiert. Die geschlitzte Bahn ist in Form einer Rolle 3 auf der Verlegevorrichtung 9 drehbar gelagert. Die Verlegevorrichtung 9 wird nun in Verlegerichtung 5 gezogen, wobei die Polsterschichtbahn 1 automatisch abgerollt und in der Streck-Einheit 6 um 5 % gestreckt wird. Die Vortriebsgeschwindigkeit in Verlegerichtung 5 ist ebenfalls so gewählt, dass die Bahn um 5 % in Längsrichtung verstreckt wird. Am Ende des Platzes wird die Bahn abgelängt und ebenfalls am Untergrund fixiert. Durch die Verstreckung bzw. Dehnung wurden die Schlitze 7, 7', 8, 8' jeweils leicht linsenförmig geöffnet, so dass die Bahn mit der Verstreckung in Längsrichtung auch gleichzeitig etwa um 5 % in Querrichtung verstreckt wurde. Neben die so verlegte erste Bahn wird sukzessive eine zweite, dritte usw. Bahn jeweils unter Verstreckung um 5 % in Längsrichtung verlegt. Die jeweils mit ihrer Längskante 2 aneinanderstoßenden benachbarten Bahnen werden anschließend in an sich bekannter Weise mittels Heißluft partiell miteinander verschweißt, so dass ein homogener gleichmäßig verstreckter Belag entsteht. Wird die Oberfläche dieses Belages beispielsweise durch Sonneneinstrahlung erwärmt, ziehen sich die Schlitze 7, 7', 8, 8' entsprechend der temperaturbedingten Dehnung der Bahn wieder mehr oder weniger zusammen, ohne dass die Bahn dadurch gewellt oder gewölbt würde. Bei einer Dehnung von 5 % in Längsrichtung bei der Verlegung können Temperaturdifferenzen von etwa 80 k und mehr kompensiert werden.To lay this padding layer, one end of the slotted sheet is first fixed to the subsurface using a nail bar. The slit web is rotatably mounted on the laying device 9 in the form of a roll 3 . The laying device 9 is now pulled in the laying direction 5, with the padding layer web 1 being unwound automatically and stretched by 5% in the stretching unit 6. The speed of advance in the direction of laying 5 is also selected in such a way that the web is stretched by 5% in the longitudinal direction. At the end of the square, the track is cut to length and also fixed to the ground. As a result of the stretching or elongation, the slits 7, 7', 8, 8' were each opened slightly in the shape of a lens, so that the web was stretched by about 5% in the transverse direction at the same time as it was stretched in the longitudinal direction. In addition to the first web that has been laid in this way, a second, third, etc. web is successively laid, each stretched by 5% in the longitudinal direction. The adjacent webs that abut each other with their longitudinal edge 2 are then partially welded together in a manner known per se by means of hot air, so that a homogeneous, evenly stretched covering is produced. If the surface of this covering is heated, for example by solar radiation, the slits 7, 7', 8, 8' contract again to a greater or lesser extent in accordance with the temperature-related expansion of the web, without the web becoming wavy or arched as a result. With an expansion of 5% in the longitudinal direction during laying, temperature differences of around 80 k and more can be compensated.

Sukzessive mit der fortschreitenden Verlegung der Polsterschicht wird bahnenweise die Oberschicht aus Kunstrasen verlegt, womit der Sportboden fertig gestellt ist.The top layer of artificial turf is laid step by step as the padding layer is laid, completing the sports floor.

LegendeLegend

11
Polsterschichtcushion layer
22
Bahnenrandtrack edge
33
Rollerole
44
Räderwheels
55
Zugrichtungpulling direction
66
Streck-Einheitstretch unit
7,7'7.7'
Schlitzslot
8,8'8.8'
Schlitzslot
99
Verlegevorrichtunglaying device

Claims (5)

  1. Artificial lawn having a play-capable upper layer and a cushioned layer (1), wherein the cushioned layer (1) comprises at least one foam-material layer having slots (7, 7', 8, 8') which completely penetrate the foam-material layer, characterized in that the cushioned layer (1) at least on one side is laminated with a non-woven fabric, a woven fabric, or a warp/weft-knitted fabric as an additional layer, wherein the additional layer is not conjointly slotted, and wherein the lamination is performed onto the stretched foam-material layer, wherein the non-woven fabric, the woven fabric, or the warp/weft-knitted fabric is elongatable.
  2. Artificial lawn according to Claim 1, characterized in that the slots (7, 7', 8, 8') are disposed in at least two directions that mutually run at an angle of 30 to 90°.
  3. Artificial lawn according to Claim 1, characterized in that the slots (7, 7', 8, 8') are curved or run otherwise in a non-rectilinear manner.
  4. Artificial lawn according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the slots run substantially in two directions that run in a mutually perpendicular manner.
  5. Use of a cushioned layer (1) for an artificial lawn having a play-capable upper layer, wherein the cushioned layer (1) comprises at least one foam-material layer having slots (7, 7', 8, 8') which completely penetrate the foam-material layer, characterized in that the cushioned layer (1) at least on one side is laminated with a non-woven fabric, a woven fabric, or a warp/weft-knitted fabric as an additional layer, wherein the additional layer is not conjointly slotted, and wherein the lamination is performed onto the stretched foam-material layer; wherein the non-woven fabric, the woven fabric, or the warp/weft-knitted fabric is elongatable.
EP07821579.5A 2006-10-20 2007-10-19 Artificial lawn with cushioned layer Active EP2084329B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL07821579T PL2084329T5 (en) 2006-10-20 2007-10-19 Artificial lawn with cushioned layer

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006050480 2006-10-20
PCT/EP2007/061215 WO2008046912A1 (en) 2006-10-20 2007-10-19 Cushioned layer under an artificial lawn and method for laying a cushioned layer

Publications (3)

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EP2084329A1 EP2084329A1 (en) 2009-08-05
EP2084329B1 EP2084329B1 (en) 2019-04-10
EP2084329B2 true EP2084329B2 (en) 2022-02-23

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DK (1) DK2084329T4 (en)
ES (1) ES2733476T5 (en)
PL (1) PL2084329T5 (en)
PT (1) PT2084329T (en)
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WO (1) WO2008046912A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8545964B2 (en) 2010-09-23 2013-10-01 Fred Svirklys Roll-form shock and drainage pad for outdoor field installations
ES2401631B1 (en) 2013-02-18 2013-11-11 Profesional Sportsverd Futbol, S. L. Mixed lawn system for sports floors and landscaped grounds and cultivation procedure of said mixed lawn
US20160312414A1 (en) * 2015-04-27 2016-10-27 Columbia Insurance Company Modular Rollup Artificial Turf System

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH456568A4 (en) * 1968-03-26 1970-08-14
DE2065209C3 (en) * 1970-10-17 1975-01-09 J.F. Adolff Ag, 7150 Backnang Water-permeable underlay for an artificial lawn, in particular on sports fields
FR2349680A1 (en) 1976-04-26 1977-11-25 See Jacques SPORTS FLOORING, SOFT SYNTHETIC, PERMEABLE, SLIP AND EXPANSION CORRECTOR
DE2659551A1 (en) 1976-12-30 1978-07-06 Dynamit Nobel Ag Shock-absorber and noise-insulator laminated with plastics foam - which assumes honeycomb structure by regular incisions being pulled apart
JPS59103617A (en) * 1982-12-06 1984-06-15 旭化成株式会社 Water pervious artificial turf and production thereof
DE3717880A1 (en) 1987-05-27 1988-12-15 Huels Troisdorf MULTI-LAYER COMPOSITE COATING, ESPECIALLY FOR USE AS A UPHOLSTERY LAYER UNDER ARTIFICIAL GRASS
JP2632718B2 (en) * 1988-10-06 1997-07-23 東レ建設株式会社 Artificial turf extension method
JPH093812A (en) * 1995-06-15 1997-01-07 Toray Ind Inc Artificial turf ground
FI109677B (en) 1997-05-26 2002-09-30 Fagerdala Tuotanto Oy Unbrushed material
CA2206295A1 (en) * 1997-06-09 1998-12-09 Alain Lemieux Synthetic turf, of specific composition, obtained through a sand-blasting process and cushioned with a base layer of polypropylene for shock absorption, and a sand-blasting treatment process for said synthetic turf
JP2000204513A (en) * 1999-01-11 2000-07-25 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd Artificial turf
FI113158B (en) 2001-04-05 2004-03-15 Kari Laaksonen Non-sweat-driven material
US7357966B2 (en) * 2004-08-31 2008-04-15 New England Soccer School, Llc Synthetic turf system and method
EP1842963A1 (en) * 2006-04-07 2007-10-10 XL Work AG Turf with artificial grass surface, underlayer and foundation

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ES2733476T5 (en) 2022-05-06
PL2084329T3 (en) 2019-09-30
PT2084329T (en) 2019-07-16
TR201909752T4 (en) 2019-07-22
EP2084329A1 (en) 2009-08-05
PL2084329T5 (en) 2022-05-02
WO2008046912A1 (en) 2008-04-24
DK2084329T3 (en) 2019-07-22
DK2084329T4 (en) 2022-04-04
EP2084329B1 (en) 2019-04-10
ES2733476T3 (en) 2019-11-29

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