EP2082102A1 - Structure de réseau spatial porteuse de charge, élément de construction légère et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Structure de réseau spatial porteuse de charge, élément de construction légère et son procédé de fabrication

Info

Publication number
EP2082102A1
EP2082102A1 EP07817657A EP07817657A EP2082102A1 EP 2082102 A1 EP2082102 A1 EP 2082102A1 EP 07817657 A EP07817657 A EP 07817657A EP 07817657 A EP07817657 A EP 07817657A EP 2082102 A1 EP2082102 A1 EP 2082102A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layers
lightweight construction
construction element
element according
space
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07817657A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Amir Tahric
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
OCTAMOLD Technologies AG
Original Assignee
OCTAMOLD Technologies AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by OCTAMOLD Technologies AG filed Critical OCTAMOLD Technologies AG
Publication of EP2082102A1 publication Critical patent/EP2082102A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/32—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure formed of corrugated or otherwise indented sheet-like material; composed of such layers with or without layers of flat sheet-like material
    • E04C2/326—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure formed of corrugated or otherwise indented sheet-like material; composed of such layers with or without layers of flat sheet-like material with corrugations, incisions or reliefs in more than one direction of the element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/3405—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by profiled spacer sheets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/3405—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by profiled spacer sheets
    • E04C2002/3411—Dimpled spacer sheets
    • E04C2002/3433—Dimpled spacer sheets with dimples extending from both sides of the spacer sheet
    • E04C2002/3438—Dimpled spacer sheets with dimples extending from both sides of the spacer sheet with saddle-shaped dimples, e.g. eggcrate type spacer sheets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E04C2/3405—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by profiled spacer sheets
    • E04C2002/3472—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by profiled spacer sheets with multiple layers of profiled spacer sheets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a load-bearing space lattice structure, lightweight construction elements, which comprise this structure, and to methods for producing such lightweight construction elements.
  • Sandwich lightweight components comprising a core layer with a honeycomb structure are known. Such elements are characterized by good compressive strength and shear strength in the longitudinal direction. Their resistance to impact load and torsion is low, however, because the honeycomb structure is bonded (eg glued) only at its edges to the cover layers and this connection is easily released.
  • EP-527109-A1 proposes to improve this state by connecting the honeycomb edges to the cover layers via adhesive beads.
  • DE-10252207-B discloses a molded part as a core of a sandwich with formed perpendicular to the center plane of the core humps whose side surfaces are level and connectable to cover plates. This improves the bonding of the core to the cover layers.
  • US 5,615,528 describes a load-bearing structure made of a continuous material which is in the form of four-sided dulled rhombic dodecahedra present. These polyhedra can not be space-filling arranged and the remaining gaps are to distribute the stresses occurring under load so that tensile stresses are minimal.
  • the invention has as its object to provide a load-bearing space lattice structure and a lightweight construction element, the tensile, compressive, bending, shear and torsional forces can withstand equally and thereby require the least possible material cost.
  • Another object of the invention is directed to a method for producing such a lightweight component.
  • octahedron stump is understood to mean a body that can be thought of as having originated by cutting off all six corners of a regular octahedron. The separation of the corners is done in such a way that with each corner one third of the edges opening in the corner is removed. The result is a so-called Archimedean polyhedron bounded by six squares and eight equilateral hexagons. The 36 edges are all the same length (one third of the edge length of the output octahedron). The 24 corners are also the same in that they each lie on a square and two hexagons.
  • a special feature is that a plurality of identical Oktaederstümpfe can be arranged so that thereby an area of the space is filled completely. If, for example, identical octahedral stumps are laid out as a layer on a flat surface so that each of them bears against the substrate with a square and congruently touches the squares then lying on the sides, then a quadratic lattice with depressions in the middle of the square is created Cells that have exactly one more similar layer, but by half a cell diagonally displaced and raised half the height of the body (measured across opposite squares), can absorb. By adding more layers in the same way, the space can be filled completely.
  • touching octahedral frustum surfaces and edges coincide in a geometric sense and are only two- or one-dimensional.
  • the terms "surfaces” and “edges” are understood to mean plate-like or rod-shaped structures that may belong to several touching octahedral stumps of the space lattice structure, but also to the combination of surfaces and edges of touching octahedra - can emerge.
  • space lattice structure is not flat, but curved or bent or adapted to an irregularly shaped surface of another component, then it is within the scope of the invention to shorten or extend individual edges suitable, without these disappear completely. While in general the octahedral stumps of the structure are equally large and congruent, in this special case they deviate from the congruence.
  • the invention also includes embodiments in which the surface elements are thinner in the middle region, that is to say remote from the edges, than in the edge region, and embodiments in which only rod-shaped edge elements are present.
  • the octahedron stump among the regular polyhedra also has a surface to volume ratio that closely approximates the optimal sphere ratio. This is contrary to the requirement for minimal material expenditure with optimal space filling.
  • the space grid structure according to the invention enables a largely isotropic distribution of the forces acting on it without concentration of the mechanical stresses on certain potential break points. Therefore, it is equally pressure-resistant, rigid, shock-resistant, resistant to impact and contact loads and shear-resistant both in the longitudinal and in the transverse direction.
  • the octahedron stumps can be arranged in a layer, wherein - as described above - the square side surfaces of adjacent bodies coincide in each case.
  • a layer has on the top and bottom recesses, each corresponding to a half octahedral stump.
  • Already such a layer can be connected via the upwardly and downwardly directed square side surfaces with other components.
  • the space lattice structure comprises two or more layers of octahedral stumps which are arranged one above the other in a space-filling manner.
  • Such a structure may, for example, keep other components at a distance.
  • edges of the octahedral stumps are the same length, a layer thus produced is flat.
  • it is also possible to produce curved or curved layers if the lengths of individual edges of the octahedron stumps are slightly adjusted without the space filling being interrupted. is lifted.
  • the structure can also be adapted to uneven surfaces of other components by appropriate enlargement or reduction of individual edges.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a sandwich-type lightweight construction element comprising two outer cover layers and a core layer.
  • the core layer comprises a space lattice structure according to the invention.
  • the core layer is formed by a layer of octahedron stumps each bonded to one of the cover layers with opposite square surfaces.
  • the individual bodies are arranged so that each octahedron stump with each of the four square surfaces not bound to the cover layers contacts and is connected to a square surface of an adjacent body.
  • a further preferred embodiment relates to a lightweight sandwich-type element, the core of which is formed from two layers of octahedron stumps which lie one above the other in a space-filling manner.
  • the bodies of the second layer are then in the recesses of the first layer, so that the whole core is higher by half than one consisting of a single layer.
  • the connection to the cover layers takes place in turn via the top and bottom exposed square surfaces of Oktaederstümpfe.
  • the space lattice structure of the core is reduced to a space-filling arrangement of half Oktaederstümpfen.
  • the division is understood to mean a plane parallel to and equidistant from opposite square surfaces, whereby four of the square surfaces are divided diagonally.
  • the resulting halves are the same and can be brought to cover by turning by 180 °.
  • Such an arrangement is possible if the adjacent Oktaederstumpfhalften are respectively oriented opposite, ie, when the lower and upper halves alternate. Also in this case the connection to the cover layers takes place over the undivided square surfaces.
  • the sandwich core is composed of at least three octahedron stump layers, of which at least one of the middle layers has a height of the octahedral stumps deviating from the outermost layers.
  • Particularly preferred are space lattice structures which have twice as high a octahedral stump in the central region as the marginal layers. In doing so, every fourth square of the boundary layer would hit a large square of the middle layer when joining the surfaces. Very thin liners can improve the disk effect between the outer and middle layers.
  • the surface elements of the structure are thinned out in their middle region.
  • the stability of the structure is not significantly affected because the space grid structure causes a force absorption and distribution in the room.
  • the space grid structure of the sandwich core is realized by a framework.
  • the bars lie on the edges of the octahedron stumps and are connected at the corners.
  • a framework results from a structure with surface elements, if one continues the above-mentioned thinning out of the center regions until openings are formed in the surface elements.
  • the connection to the cover layers then takes place via the rods, which delimit the corresponding connecting square. It is also possible to carry out in the framework structure these connecting squares as surface elements.
  • materials for the cover and intermediate layers of the lightweight element according to the invention are preferably metal, plastic or fiber materials such as cardboard in question.
  • the plastic may be a thermoset or thermoplastic and fiber reinforced. In order to achieve the most isotropic mechanical properties possible, reinforcing by fabric or nonwovens is also possible.
  • Suitable materials for the surface elements of the Jardingitter- structure are metals such as aluminum, plastics such as thermosetting plastics and thermoplastics, paper or cardboard, possibly impregnated with strength enhancers.
  • metals such as aluminum
  • plastics such as thermosetting plastics and thermoplastics
  • paper or cardboard possibly impregnated with strength enhancers.
  • strength enhancers preference is given to using metals or plastics reinforced by fibers (eg glass fibers). Thermoplastics are preferred.
  • connection of the surface elements in the space grid structure with one another preferably results from the fact that for the production of larger plate-shaped semi-finished products are transformed and thus the cohesion of the surface elements is maintained.
  • individual surface elements can also be connected to one another by welding, soldering or gluing, for example.
  • the rod elements of the framework structure can be connected to the corners of the Oktaederstümpfe for example by welding, soldering or gluing or by sleeve members.
  • connection of the space grid structure with the cover or intermediate layers over the connecting squares is carried out according to the materials used.
  • bonding, riveting, soldering or welding are suitable methods.
  • a material connection via the plastic or the impregnating agent is also possible, which is cured after assembly by cooling, drying or chemical reaction.
  • the lightweight construction elements according to the invention are distinguished by outstanding strength properties, in particular compressive strength, flexural rigidity, resistance to impact and contact loads, shear strength in the longitudinal and transverse directions). They have low basis weights.
  • the space lattice structures between the cover layers also have a vibration-damping effect, even with resonance of the cover layers. Therefore, they counteract the transmission of vibrations from one cover layer to the other, so that the lightweight construction elements according to the invention are outstandingly suitable as noise protection elements despite their low basis weight. '
  • space lattice structures and lightweight elements according to the invention are applicable in many fields of technology, including in the automotive industry, for. As for bonnets, bootlid, hat racks, boot bottoms and side panels, especially for doors, in aircraft technology, z. B. for a tubular outer modalwand or for airfoils and construction, z. B. for soundproof walls
  • the invention also includes a method for producing the lightweight components.
  • a simpler method results from the property of the octahedral stump that its halves (as defined above) are identical and can be made to coincide by turning them through 180 °.
  • the octahedral stumps in the space grid structure are arranged so as to fill space so that they touch each other and are connected to one another. Therefore, an open shape of contiguous octahedral stump halves can be made, which is much simpler than the fabrication of individual hollow bodies. By turning a part of this shape by 180 ° or shifting it by half a cell diagonal, placing it on and connecting it to the rest over the square surfaces, the arrangement of the complete octahedral stumps is created.
  • the method for producing the lightweight components according to the invention thus comprises the steps:
  • molded parts as sandwich cores which are represented by the surfaces of halved octahedral stumps in a space-filling arrangement, - Connecting two sandwich cores to each other by connecting square surfaces to form a structure of whole Oktaederstümpfen, - connecting this structure on square surfaces with a cover layer on the one hand and a cover or intermediate layer on the other.
  • the sandwich core moldings can be formed from sheet-like thermoplastic (such as fiber-reinforced polyamide, if necessary) by hot forming into sheets that represent an array of surface elements of interconnected half-octahedron stumps.
  • sheet-like thermoplastic such as fiber-reinforced polyamide, if necessary
  • an arrangement of lower halves connected to each other across the diagonally bisected squares equally limits an upper halves arrangement on its underside. So now you need only on such a sandwich core molding a second set so that the complete squares coincide (offset by half a cell diagonal) and connect them together, z.
  • This structure can now be connected via the free-lying square surfaces with cover layers and possibly intermediate layers.
  • thicker cores can be produced. It can also be inserted at any point in the order an intermediate layer. After applying and joining further sandwich core moldings, the lightweight component is then sealed off with a cover layer.
  • the inventive method enables the simple and economical production of the subject invention. It does not require any new technology and can be carried out using the known techniques such as calendering, injection molding, embossing, injection-compression molding or pressing.
  • the space grid structures and lightweight construction elements according to the invention can be adapted very flexibly to the respective intended use with this method. Applications include, for example, in the automotive industry, in aerospace, in construction, especially in lightweight construction and noise protection.
  • FIG. 1 a perspective view of an octahedron stump in relation to the generating octahedron;
  • FIG. 2 shows a space-filling arrangement of octahedral stumps in a perspective view
  • FIG. 3 shows four octahedron stumps from FIG. 2 in plan view
  • FIG. 4 shows a space lattice structure composed of two layers of octahedral stump halves with complete octahedral stumps in a side view.
  • FIG. 5 shows the structure of FIG. 4 in plan view.
  • FIG. 6 shows the structure of FIG. 4 in a perspective view.
  • FIG. 7 shows the structure of FIG. 4 as a core in a lightweight component.
  • FIG. 8a shows a cross section through a molded part.
  • FIG. 8b shows a cross section through this molding with thinned surface elements.
  • FIG. 9 shows a lightweight component with inner layers of different heights of the octahedral stumps.
  • Figure 1 shows some essential properties of the octahedron stump 1 and its relation to the producing octahedron 2.
  • the octahedral stump is formed by cutting off all six vertices 3 of the octahedron 2.
  • each octahedral edge 4 must be in three equal Parts a are cut. Since the sides of the equilateral hexagons 5 partly share edges with the squares 6, it follows that all 36 edges of the octahedron are of equal length.
  • FIG. 2 shows an arrangement of 16 identical octahedron stumps 1, which lie next to one another in such a way that their respective square surfaces 6 facing the neighbor 1 coincide.
  • the arrangement is a square grid. The ability to fill space is evident from the fact that the resulting between the bodies
  • Sinks have exactly the shape of a half octahedral stump. If one were to insert further octahedral stumps I 1 into these depressions, then a layer identical to the first layer would result, which would be displaced by only half a cell diagonal and half the height of the octahedron stump would be increased. A third layer would be the first with an octahedral height increase. This results in a space-filling arrangement of a cubic body-centered grid.
  • FIG. 3 shows a detail of FIG. 2 in plan view.
  • the four octahedron stumps 1 delimit between them a gap 7 formed by the hexagons 5 and the open square 6 1 , which obviously is complementary to each upper half 11 1 of the octahedron. Because of the symmetry of the bodies, the same picture would result in the picture. This means that an octahedral stump can be inserted into the gap 7 from above as well as from below. Just as the lateral square surfaces 6 of the octahedron stumps 1 coincide in this arrangement, also the upper or lower squares of these fictitious inserted Oktaederstümpfe in the open square 6 1 coincide.
  • FIG. 4 shows how two partial layers, which are composed of octahedral stump halves 11 , again form a layer with complete octahedral stumps.
  • the lower sub-layer 11 consists of the hexagonal surfaces 15 and the square connecting surfaces 16 (facing outward) and 17 (facing inward).
  • the side facing squares 13 are halved here.
  • the corresponding surfaces are found in the upper sub-layer 12.
  • the upper sub-layer 12 now lies on the lower sub-layer 11 such that the respective inner square surfaces 17 fall on one another and can be connected (eg glued). This results in an arrangement of complete octahedral stumps 18.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show the same arrangement as FIG. 4, but for a better understanding in plan view and in a perspective view.
  • the figures show that a partial layer can easily be produced by corresponding shaping of a plate-shaped semifinished product.
  • FIG. 7 shows a lightweight component with the structure of FIG. 4 as a sandwich core.
  • the lower cover layer 19 and the upper cover layer 20 are bonded to the core via the outer square surfaces 16.
  • the distance between the cover layers is equal to the height h of the octahedral stump, measured as the distance of opposite square side surfaces.
  • the connection to the cover layers takes place via the outer squares 16 and the "inner" squares 17 and the spacing of the cover layers is h / 2. It is also possible to combine 3 or more sub-layers into a sandwich core. In any case, the connection of the partial layers with each other and with the outer layers takes place via the squares 16, 17. The distance of the Cover layers then result in n partial layers to nh / 2.
  • FIG. 8 a shows a section of a cross section through a molded part as a partial layer of a sandwich core.
  • Both the hexagonal surface element 25 and the square surface element 26 have a material thickness of, for example, 0.5 mm.
  • the entire cross section of this profile then has an area of 8.7 mm 2 .
  • FIG. 8b shows the effect of thinning out of the center regions of the surface elements.
  • the cross section was thinned from both sides according to a circular arc (or a spherical shell) so far that in the middle of the surfaces only a material thickness of 0.1 mm was present.
  • the inner and outer corners of the octahedron stump were formed with radii to deliberately create an accumulation of material on the edges, which constitute such a space grid and framework.
  • the profile cross-section dropped to 4.2 mm 2 , which corresponds to a material saving of more than 50% without significant impairment of the strength.
  • the thinning 27 on the connecting outer square surface 26 in this form could make it difficult to adhere to other components (partial layers or cover layers). But it is easily possible, the thinning of this . Surface element 26 make only from the inside 28 ago.
  • FIG. 9 shows a lightweight component with inner layers of different heights of the octahedral stumps.
  • the middle layer here has the height 2h, where h is the height of the outer layers.
  • h is the height of the outer layers.
  • the connection between the middle layer and the outer layers is produced here by intermediate layers 29. In this case, where every second octahedral stump of the outer layer meets with its connection square to one of the inner layer, the intermediate layers can also stay away.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une nouvelle structure de réseau spatial porteuse de charge, des éléments de construction légère qui comprennent cette structure, et un procédé de fabrication de tels éléments. Selon l'invention, la structure comprend des faces ou côtés en octaèdres tronqués disposés de manière à remplir l'espace. De telles structures présentent un rapport optimal de la surface au volume et peuvent donc être réalisées avec une dépense minimale de matériau. Des éléments de construction légère qui contiennent de telles structures, par exemple en tant que noyau sandwich ont des propriétés de résistance supérieures à celles d'éléments classiques à noyaux alvéolaires. Pour fabriquer de telles structures, on propose de les assembler à partir de pièces façonnées qui sont formées par des octaèdres tronqués coupés en deux à travers lesdites faces et qui sont disposées de manière à remplir l'espace.
EP07817657A 2006-10-20 2007-10-12 Structure de réseau spatial porteuse de charge, élément de construction légère et son procédé de fabrication Withdrawn EP2082102A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006050393A DE102006050393B4 (de) 2006-10-20 2006-10-20 Lastaufnehmende Raumgitterstruktur, Leichtbauelement und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
PCT/DE2007/001822 WO2008046392A1 (fr) 2006-10-20 2007-10-12 Structure de réseau spatial porteuse de charge, élément de construction légère et son procédé de fabrication

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2082102A1 true EP2082102A1 (fr) 2009-07-29

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EP07817657A Withdrawn EP2082102A1 (fr) 2006-10-20 2007-10-12 Structure de réseau spatial porteuse de charge, élément de construction légère et son procédé de fabrication

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US (1) US20100115883A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2082102A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102006050393B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008046392A1 (fr)

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WO2008046392A1 (fr) 2008-04-24
DE102006050393B4 (de) 2012-10-18
US20100115883A1 (en) 2010-05-13

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