Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
  • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
  • C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
  • A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
  • A61P7/02—Antithrombotic agents; Anticoagulants; Platelet aggregation inhibitors
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/08—Vasodilators for multiple indications
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/12—Antihypertensives

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a novel pyrimidine compound having a benzyl(pyridylmethyl)amine structure and inhibitory activity against cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP), and a medicament comprising the same.
• CETP cholesterol ester transfer protein
• Cholesterol ester transfer protein is an extremely hydrophobic protein which transfers a cholesterol ester from HDL cholesterol to LDL cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol or the like, and HDL cholesterol can be increased by inhibiting the transfer by CETP.
• Niacin significantly increases HDL cholesterol, but has a serious problem of resistance which reduces compliance.
• fibrates and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors slightly increase an HDL cholesterol level (10 to 12%), they fail to satisfy medical needs of achieving significant increase of a plasma HDL cholesterol level to delay progress of atherosclerosis.
• the CETP inhibitor attains a potent increase of an HDL cholesterol level, thereby a treatment of hyperlipidemia is achievable with high effectiveness that cannot be exceeded by neither of fibrate or HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, and thus prophylactic or therapeutic agents for arteriosclerosis or hyperlipidemia, which are conventionally unavailable, are expectedly provided.
• the CETP inhibitors attain the increase in HDL cholesterol and the decrease in LDL cholesterol or VLDL cholesterol level by a mechanism different from that of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, and accordingly, a combinational effect of a CETP inhibitor and a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor can also be expected.
• tetrahydronaphthylidine derivatives are disclosed as compounds having potent CETP inhibitory activities (Patent document 6).
• Benzylamine derivatives and the like are also disclosed as compounds having potent CETP inhibitory activity.
• they are highly liposoluble compounds in the same manner as the aforementioned tetrahydroquinoline derivatives (Patent documents 7 and 8).
• Patent document 9 compounds having a benzyl(heterocyclylmethyl)amine structure are disclosed (Patent document 9).
• the pyrimidine compounds of the present invention having a benzyl(pyridylmethyl)amine structure are not described or suggested, and the compounds described in Patent document 9 are found to have insufficient CETP inhibitory activity as specifically shown in test examples described later.
• Document WO 2007/073934 A1 a reference according to Art 54(3) EPC describes pyridinyl amine derivatives as inhibitors of CETP.
• an object of the present invention is to provide a novel compound having a potent inhibitory activity against CETP.
• the inventors of the present invention conducted various researches to achieve the aforementioned object. As a result, they found that pyrimidine compounds having a benzyl(pyridylmethyl)amine structure represented by the following general formula (I) and salts thereof as well as solvates thereof had superior CETP inhibitory activity and achieved the present invention.
• the present invention thus provides a compound represented by the following general formula (I): (wherein,
• the present invention also provides a medicament comprising a compound represented by aforementioned general formula (I) or a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof as an active ingredient, preferably such a medicament for prophylactic and/or therapeutic treatment of diseases including hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, peripheral vascular disease, hyper-LDL-emia, hypo-HDL-emia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular disturbance, angina pectoris, ischemia, cardiac ischemia, thrombosis, myocardial infarction, reperfusion disturbance, angioplasty restenosis, hypertension, diabetic vascular complication, obesity, endotoxemia and the like.
• diseases including hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, peripheral vascular disease, hyper-LDL-emia, hypo-HDL-emia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular disturbance, angina pectoris, ischemia, cardiac
• the present invention also provides a CETP inhibitor and an HDL-increasing agent comprising a compound represented by aforementioned general formula (I) or a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof as an active ingredient.
• the present invention further provides a pharmaceutical composition
• a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound represented by the aforementioned general formula (I) or a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
• the present invention further provides use of a compound represented by the aforementioned general formula (I) or a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof for the manufacture of the medicament for prophylactic and/or therapeutic treatment of diseases including hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, peripheral vascular disease, hyper-LDL-emia, hypo-HDL-emia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular disturbance, angina pectoris, ischemia, cardiac ischemia, thrombosis, myocardial infarction, reperfusion disturbance, angioplasty restenosis, hypertension, diabetic vascular complication, obesity, endotoxemia and the like.
• diseases including hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, peripheral vascular disease, hyper-LDL-emia, hypo-HDL-emia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular disturbance, angina pectoris, ischemia, cardiac ischemia, thrombo
• the present invention further provides a medicament comprising a combination of (a) a compound represented by the aforementioned general formula (I) or a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof and (b) an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, preferably such a medicament for prophylactic and/or therapeutic treatment of diseases including hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, peripheral vascular disease, hyper-LDL-emia, hypo-HDL-emia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular disturbance, angina pectoris, ischemia, cardiac ischemia, thrombosis, myocardial infarction, reperfusion disturbance, angioplasty restenosis, hypertension, diabetic vascular complication, obesity, endotoxemia and the like.
• diseases including hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, peripheral vascular disease, hyper-LDL-emia, hypo-HDL-emia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, familial
• the compound of the present invention or a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof exhibits potent inhibitory activity against CETP, as specifically demonstrated in the test examples mentioned later, and can be suitably used as an active ingredient of a CETP inhibitor, further as an active ingredient of an HDL-increasing agent.
• the compound can be suitably used as an active ingredient of a medicament, more specifically a medicament for prophylactic and/or therapeutic treatment of diseases including hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, peripheral vascular disease, hyper-LDL-emia, hypo-HDL-emia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular disturbance, angina pectoris, ischemia, cardiac ischemia, thrombosis, myocardial infarction, reperfusion disturbance, angioplasty restenosis, hypertension, diabetic vascular complication, obesity, endotoxemia and the like.
• diseases including hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, peripheral vascular disease, hyper-LDL-emia, hypo-HDL-emia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular disturbance, angina pectoris, ischemia, cardiac ischemia, thrombosis, myocardial infarction, reperfusion disturbance, angi
• the compound of the present invention or a salt thereof, or a solvate thereof has a superior feature that the compound is capable of exerting potent inhibitory activity on CETP by oral administration.
• Examples of the lower alkyl group moiety of the lower alkyl group, the halo(lower alkyl group, the (lower cycloalkyl)(lower alkyl) group, and the aryl(lower alkyl) group referred to in the present invention include a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (referred to as C 1 -C 6 alkyl), for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, n-pentyl, 2-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl and the like.
• Examples of the lower alkoxy group moiety of the lower alkoxy group, the halo(lower alkoxy) group, the (lower alkyl)thio(lower alkoxy) group, the (lower alkyl)sulfinyl(lower alkoxy) group, the (lower alkyl)sulfonyl(lower alkoxy) group, the aryl(lower alkoxy) group, the (lower alkoxy)(lower alkoxy) group, the (lower alkoxy)(lower alkyl)amino group, the hydroxy(lower alkoxy) group, the hydroxycarbonyl(lower alkoxy) group, the amino(lower alkoxy) group, the (lower alkyl)amino(lower alkoxy) group, and the di(lower alkyl)amino(lower alkoxy) group referred to in the present invention include a linear or branched alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (referred
• Examples of the (lower alkyl)thio group moiety of the (lower alkyl)thio group, the (lower alkyl)thio(lower alkoxy) group and the (lower alkyl)thio(lower alkyl)amino group referred to in the present invention include a linear or branched alkylthio group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (referred to as (C 1 -C 6 alkyl)thio), for example, methylthio, ethylthio, n-propylthio, isopropylthio, n-butylthio, isobutylthio, t-butylthio, n-pentylthio, 2-methylbutylthio, 2,2-dimethylpropylthio and the like.
• Examples of the (lower alkyl)sulfinyl group moiety of the (lower alkyl)sulfinyl group, the (lower alkyl)sulfinyl(lower alkoxy) group, and the (lower alkyl)sulfinyl(lower alkyl)amino group referred to in the present invention include a linear or branched alkylsulfinyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (referred to as (C 1 -C 6 alkyl)sulfinyl), for example, methylsulfinyl, ethylsulfinyl, n-propylsulfinyl, isopropylsulfinyl, n-butylsulfinyl, isobutylsulfinyl, t-butylsulfinyl, n-pentylsulfinyl, 2-methylbutylsulfinyl, 2,
• Examples of the (lower alkyl)sulfonyl group moiety of the (lower alkyl)sulfonyl group, the (lower alkyl)sulfonyl(lower alkoxy) group and the (lower alkyl)sulfonyl(lower alkyl)amino group referred to in the present invention include a linear or branched alkylsulfonyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (referred to as (C 1 -C 6 alkyl)sulfonyl), for example, methylsulfonyl, ethylsulfonyl, n-propylsulfonyl, isopropylsulfonyl, n-butylsulfonyl, isobutylsulfonyl, t-butylsulfonyl, n-pentylsulfonyl, 2-methylbutylsulfonyl, 2,2-
• Examples of the (lower alkyl)carbonyl group referred to in the present invention include a linear or branched alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms (referred to as (C 2 -C 6 alkyl)carbonyl), for example, methylcarbonyl, ethylcarbonyl, n-propylcarbonyl, isopropylcarbonyl, n-butylcarbonyl, isobutylcarbanyl, t-butylcarbonyl, n-pentylcarbonyl, 2-methylbutylcarbonyl, 2,2-dimethylpropylcarbonyl and the like.
• C 2 -C 6 alkyl linear or branched alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms
• Examples of the (lower alkoxy)carbonyl group moiety of the (lower alkoxy)carbonyl group referred to in the present invention include a linear or branched alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms (referred to as (C 2 -C 6 alkoxy)carbonyl), for example, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, n-propoxycarbonyl, isopropoxycarbonyl, n-butoxycarbonyl, isobutoxycarbonyl, t-butoxycarbonyl, n-pentyloxycarbonyl, 2-methylbutoxycarbonyl, 2,2-dimethylpropoxycarbonyl and the like.
• C 2 -C 6 alkoxycarbonyl linear or branched alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms
• acylamino group referred to in the present invention examples include a linear or branched acylamino group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms (referred to as (C 2 -C 6 acyl)amino), for example, acetylamino, n-propionylamino, isopropionylamino, butyrylamino, isobutyrylamino, n-pentanoylamino, 2-methylbutyrylamino, 2,2-dimethylpropionylamino and the like.
• C 2 -C 6 acyl)amino linear or branched acylamino group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms
• Examples of the (lower alkyl)amino group moiety of the (lower alkyl)amino group, the (lower alkyl)thio(lower alkyl)amino group, the (lower alkyl)sulfinyl(lower alkyl)amino group, the (lower alkyl)sulfonyl(lower alkyl)amino group, the (lower alkoxy)(lower alkyl)amino group, the hydroxy(lower alkyl)amino group, and the (lower alkyl)amino(lower alkoxy) group referred to in the present invention include a linear or branched alkylamino group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (referred to as (C 1 -C 6 alkyl)amino), for example, methylamino, ethylamino, n-propylamino, isopropylamino, n-butylamino, isobuty
• di(lower alkyl)amino group moiety of the di(lower alkyl)amino group and the di(lower alkyl)amino(lower alkoxy) group referred to in the present invention include an amino group substituted with two linear or branched alkyl groups each having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, which may be the same or different (referred to as di(C 1 -C 6 alkyl)amino), for example, (ethyl)(methyl)amino, (isopropyl)(n-propyl)amino, (n-butyl)(isobutyl)amino, (t-butyl)(n-pentyl)amino, (2,2-dimethylpropyl)(2-methylbutyl)amino and the like.
• Examples of the (lower alkyl)sulfonylamino group moiety of the (lower alkyl)sulfonylamino group referred to in the present invention include a linear or branched alkylsulfonylamino group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (referred to as (C 1 -C 6 alkyl)sulfonylamino), for example, methylsulfonylamino, ethylsulfonylamino, n-propylsulfonylamino, isopropylsulfonylamino, n-butylsulfonylamino, isobutylsulfonylamino, t-butylsulfonylamino, n-pentylsulfonylamino, 2-methylbutylsulfonylamino, 2,2-dimethylpropylsulfonylamino and the like.
• Examples of the lower cycloalkyl group moiety of the lower cycloalkyl group and the (lower cycloalkyl)(lower alkyl) group referred to in the present invention include a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms (referred to as C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl), for example, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and the like.
• Examples of the aryl group moiety of the aryl group, the aryl(lower alkyl) group, the aryl(lower alkoxy) group, and the arylamino group referred to in the present invention include an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms (referred to as C 6 -C 10 aryl), for example, phenyl, naphthyl and the like.
• halogen atom as the halogen atom or the halogen atom of the halo(lower alkyl) group and the halo(lower alkoxy) group referred to in the present invention include fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom and the like.
• examples of the lower alkyl group as R 1 , R 2 , R 8 , R 4 and R 5 include, for example, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group such as methyl group, ethyl group and n-propyl group, a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group is more preferred, and methyl group is particularly preferred.
• examples of the lower alkoxy group as R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 include, for example, a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group such as methoxy group, ethoxy group and n-propoxy group, a C 1 -C 4 alkoxy group is more preferred, and methoxy group is particularly preferred.
• examples of the halo(lower alkyl) group as R 1 , R 2 , R 8 , R 4 and R 5 include, for example, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group substituted with 1 to 6 halogen atoms such as trifluoromethyl group and pentafluoroethyl group, a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group substituted with 1 to 6 halogen atoms is preferred, and trifluoromethyl group is particularly preferred.
• examples of the halo(lower alkoxy) group as R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 include, for example, a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group substituted with 1 to 6 halogen atoms such as trifluoromethoxy group and pentafluoroethoxy group, a C 1 -C 4 alkoxy group substituted with 1 to 6 halogen atoms is preferred, and trifluoromethoxy group is particularly preferred.
• examples of the substituent of the amino group which may have a substituent as R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 include, for example, a lower alkyl group, a halo(lower alkyl) group, an aryl group and the like, and the amino group may have 1 or 2 of these substituents.
• those substituents may be the same or different.
• each group, the same or different is hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, a halo(C 1 -C 6 alkyl) group, a C 1- C 6 alkoxy group, a halo(C 1 -C 6 alkoxy) group, or cyano group
• each group, the same or different is hydrogen atom, trifluoromethyl group, or cyano group.
• R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are hydrogen atoms, and each of R 2 and R 4 , the same or different, is a halo(C 1 -C 6 alkyl) group, or cyano group, and it is particularly preferred that R 1 , R 8 and R 5 are hydrogen atoms, and each of R 2 and R 4 , the same or different, is trifluoromethyl group, or cyano group.
• examples of the lower alkoxy group as R 6 , R 7 and R 8 include, for example, a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group such as methoxy group, ethoxy group and n-propoxy group, a C 1 -C 4 alkoxy group is more preferred, and methoxy group is particularly preferred.
• examples of the substituent of the optionally substitutable amino group as R 6 , R 7 and R 8 include, for example, a lower alkyl group, a halo(lower alkyl) group, an aryl group and the like, and the amino group may have 1 or 2 of these substituents.
• those substituents may be the same or different.
• each group, the same or different is hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group, or hydroxy group, it is more preferred that each group, the same or different, is hydrogen atom, or a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group, and it is particularly preferred that each group, the same or different, is hydrogen atom, or methoxy group.
• R 6 , R 7 and R 8 it is preferred that R 6 is a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group, or hydroxy group, and R 7 and R 8 are hydrogen atoms, it is more preferred that R 6 is a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group, and R 7 and R 8 are hydrogen atoms, and it is particularly preferred that R 6 is methoxy group, and R 7 and R 8 are hydrogen atoms.
• examples of the lower alkyl group as R 9 and R 10 include, for example, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group such as methyl group, ethyl group, and n-propyl group, a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group is more preferred, and ethyl group is particularly preferred.
• examples of the (lower cycloalkyl)(lower alkyl) group as R 9 and R 10 include, for example, a (C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl)(C 1 -C 6 alkyl) group such as cyclopropylmethyl group and cyclopentylmethyl group, a (C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl)(C 1 -C 4 alkyl) group is more preferred, and cyclopentylmethyl group is particularly preferred.
• examples of the nitrogen-containing saturated heterocyclic ring formed by combined R 9 and R 10 together with the adjacent nitrogen atom include, for example, pyrrolidinyl group, piperidinyl group, morpholinyl group, N-(lower alkyl)piperazinyl group and the like.
• examples of the substituent of the aryl(lower alkyl) group which may have a substituent as R 9 and R 10 include, for example, a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a halo(lower alkyl) group, a lower alkoxy group, a halo(lower alkoxy) group, cyano group and the like, and the aryl(lower alkyl) group may have 1 or 2 of these substituents.
• those substituents may be the same or different.
• substitution positions of these substituents are not particularly limited, they are preferably substitute on the aryl group of the aryl(lower alkyl) group in the present invention.
• the group include a (C 6 -C 10 aryl)(C 1- C 6 alkyl) group which may have a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group as a substituent on the aryl group, and 4-methoxybenzyl group is preferred.
• each group, the same or different is a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, a (C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl)(C 1 -C 6 alkyl) group, or a (C 6 -C 10 aryl)(C 1 -C 6 alkyl) group which may have a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group as a substituent on the aryl group, or combine to form pyrrolidinyl group together with the adjacent nitrogen atom, it is more preferred that each group, the same or different, is a (C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl)(C 1 -C 6 alkyl) group, or a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, and it is particularly preferred that each group, the same or different, is cyclopentylmethyl group, or ethyl group.
• R 9 and R 10 it is preferred that one of R 9 and R 10 is a (C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl)(C 1 -C 6 alkyl) group, and the other is a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, and it is particularly preferred that one of R 9 and R 10 is cyclopentylmethyl group, and the other is ethyl group.
• R 11 2-methylthioethoxy group, 2-methylsulfinylethoxy group, or 2-methylsulfonylethoxy group.
• each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 is hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, a halo(C 1 -C 6 alkyl) group, a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group, a halo(C 1 -C 6 alkoxy) group, or cyano group
• each of R 6 , R 7 and R 8 is hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group, or hydroxy group
• each of R 9 and R 10 is a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, a (C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl)(C 1 -C 6 alkyl) group, or a (C 6 -C 10 aryl)(C 1 -C 6 alkyl) group which
• R 1 , R 3 and R 5 are hydrogen atoms, each of R 2 and R 4 , the same or different, is a halo(C 1 -C 6 alkyl) group, or cyano group, R 6 is a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group, R 7 and R 8 are hydrogen atoms, and one of R 9 and R 10 is a (C 3 -C 8 cycloalkyl)(C 1 -C 6 alkyl) group, and the other is a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, and it is particularly preferred that R 1 , R 3 and R 5 are hydrogen atoms, each of R 2 and R 4 , the same or different, is trifluoromethyl group, or cyano group, R 6 is methoxy group, R 7 and R 8 are hydrogen atoms, one of R 9 and R 10 is cyclopentylmethyl group, and the other is ethyl group, and R 11 is 2-
• the compound of the present invention represented by the general formula (I) can be prepared by various known methods, which methods are not particularly limited.
• the compound can be prepared according to the following reaction steps, but the method for preparation is not limited thereto.
• functional groups other than the reaction sites may be protected beforehand as required, and deprotected in an appropriate stage.
• each reaction may be performed by an ordinarily used method in each step, and isolation and purification can be performed by a means suitably selected from conventional methods such as crystallization, recrystallization, chromatography and the like, or a combination thereof.
• a compound represented by the general formula (III) can be obtained.
• the protective group R 12 in the general formula (III) is a protective group generally used as a protective group of hydroxy group.
• preferred examples include methoxymethyl group, benzyloxymethyl group, 4-methoxybenzyloxymethyl group, methoxyethoxymethyl group, ethoxyethyl group, t-butyldimethylsilyl group, triethylsilyl group, t-butyldiphenylsilyl group, triisopropylsilyl group, triphenylsilyl group, 4-methoxybenzyl group, benzyl group, 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzyl group, trityl group and the like.
• an aminopyridine derivative represented by the general formula (V) By reacting the compound represented by the general formula (III) and an amine represented by the general formula (IV), an aminopyridine derivative represented by the general formula (V) can be obtained. By reacting the resulting aminopyridine derivative represented by the general formula (V) with a compound having a leaving group W 2 represented by the general formula (VI), or with an aldehyde derivative represented by the general formula (VII) according to a method for reductive amination, an aminopyridine derivative represented by the general formula (VIII) can be obtained.
• the protective group R 12 of the resulting aminopyridine derivative represented by the general formula (VIII) can be removed to obtain an alcohol compound represented by the general formula (IX), and then the produced hydroxy group can be oxidized to obtain an aldehyde derivative represented by the general formula (X).
• an amine compound represented by the general formula (XII) can be obtained.
• W 1 , W 2 and W 3 represent a halogen atom, an alkylsulfonyloxy group, a haloalkylsulfonyloxy group, or an arylsulfonyloxy group
• R 12 represents a protective group
• R' 10 represents a lower alkyl group, a (lower cycloalkyl)alkyl group or a lower cycloalkyl group, of which number of the carbon atoms at the bond position to the nitrogen atom is smaller than that of R 10 by 1)
• a method for a reaction of an aryl halide and an amine performed in the presence or absence of a base and in the presence of a metal catalyst can be applied.
• the target compound can be obtained.
• microwave irradiation may be performed.
• the metal catalyst for example, tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)(chloroform)dipalladium(0), [1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium(II), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium and the like may be independently used, but a ligand such as 2-biphenyl(di-t-butylphosphine) and 2-biphenyl(dicyclohexylphosphine) may also be used in combination.
• the solvent although not particularly limited, for example, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, dioxane , N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, water and the like may be used alone or in combination. Further, the amine (IV) may be used as the solvent.
• alkali metal hydrides such as lithium hydride, sodium hydride and potassium hydride
• alkali metals such as lithium, sodium and potassium
• alkali metal hydroxides such as lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide
• alkali metal carbonates such as lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and cesium carbonate
• lithium diisopropylamide sodium diisopropylamide
• potassium diisopropylamide lithium hexamethyldisilazide
• sodium hexamethyldisilazide sodium hexamethyldisilazide
• potassium hexamethyldisilazide sodium t-butoxide, potassium t-butoxide, n-butyllithium, s-butyllithium, t-butyllithium and the like
• the target compound can be obtained by starting the reaction generally at 0 to 180°C, preferably at room temperature under microwave irradiation, elevating the temperature to 80 to 150°C, and performing the reaction for 1 minute to 20 hours, preferably 1 minute to 3 hours, including the temperature elevation time. Further, when microwaves are not irradiated, the target compound can be obtained by performing the reaction at 100 to 180°C, preferably at 100 to 160°C, for 5 minutes to 10 hours, preferably 10 minutes to 5 hours.
• the reaction of the aminopyridine derivative (V) obtained in the above reaction and the compound (VI) having a leaving group W 2 can be performed in a solvent in the presence of a base.
• a solvent although not particularly limited, for example, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, propionitrile and the like can be used.
• alkali metal hydrides such as lithium hydride, sodium hydride and potassium hydride
• alkali metals such as lithium, sodium and potassium
• alkali metal hydroxides such as lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide
• alkali metal carbonates such as lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and cesium carbonate
• lithium diisopropylamide sodium diisopropylamide
• potassium diisopropylamide lithium hexamethyldisilazide
• sodium hexamethyldisilazide sodium hexamethyldisilazide
• potassium hexamethyldisilazide sodium t-butoxide, potassium t-butoxide, n-butyllithium, s-butyllithium, t-butyllithium and the like
• the reaction of the aminopyridine derivative (V) and the aldehyde derivative (VII) can be performed in a solvent by using a reducing reagent in the presence or absence of an acid.
• the acid may be used as the solvent.
• the solvent although not particularly limited, for example, 1,2-dichloroethane, chloroform, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, toluene, benzene, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, acetonitrile, propionitrile, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and the like can be used alone or in combination.
• the acid although not particularly limited, for example, proton acids such as acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, propionic acid and benzoic acid, and Lewis acids such as titanium tetrachloride, boron trifluoride and stannic chloride can be used.
• the reducing regent is not particularly limited, and for example, catalytic reduction using a borohydride type regent such as sodium triacetoxyborohydride, tetramethylammonium triacetoxyborohydride, sodium cyanoborohydride, sodium borohydride, lithium borohydride, sodium trimethoxyborohydride and lithium triethylborohydride, or an aluminum hydride regent such as lithium aluminum hydride, diisopropylaluminum hydride and sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminum hydride, a metal catalyst and a hydrogen source can be used.
• a borohydride type regent such as sodium triacetoxyborohydride, tetramethylammonium triacetoxyborohydride, sodium cyanoborohydride, sodium borohydride, lithium borohydride, sodium trimethoxyborohydride and lithium triethylborohydride
• an aluminum hydride regent such as lithium aluminum hydride, diisopropyla
• the hydrogen source for example, hydrogen, cyclohexadiene, formic acid, ammonium formate and the like
• the metal catalyst for example, palladium/carbon, palladium black, palladium hydroxide/carbon powder, Raney nickel, platinum dioxide, platinum black and the like can be used.
• the method for removing the protective group R 12 of the aminopyridine derivative (VIII) obtained by the aforementioned method can be performed by referring to a method generally used for removal of the protective group ( Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis Third Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ).
• an ordinary method for oxidizing hydroxy group into aldehyde can be applied.
• oxidation conditions of Swern oxidation, Moffatt oxidation, Dess-Martin oxidation and the like, and pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC), pyridinium dichromate (PDC), manganese dioxide, tetrapropylammonium perruthenate (TPAP) and the like can be used.
• the solvent although not particularly limited, for example, tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, N,N-dimethylformamide, and the like can be used alone or in combination.
• the reaction of the aldehyde derivative (X) obtained by the aforementioned method and the aminopyrimidine derivative (XI) can be performed in a solvent by using a reducing reagent in the presence or absence of an acid.
• the acid may be used as the solvent.
• the solvent although not particularly limited, for example, 1,2-dichloroethane, chloroform, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, toluene, benzene, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, acetonitrile, propionitrile, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and the like can be used alone or in combination.
• the acid although not particularly limited, for example, proton acids such as acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, propionic acid and benzoic acid, and Lewis acids such as titanium tetrachloride, boron trifluoride and stannic chloride can be used.
• the reducing regent is not particularly limited, and for example, catalytic reduction using a borohydride regent such as sodium triacetoxyborohydride, tetramethylammonium triacetoxyborohydride, sodium cyanoborohydride, sodium borohydride, lithium borohydride, sodium trimethoxyborohydride and lithium triethylborohydride, or an aluminum hydride regent such as lithium aluminum hydride, diisopropylaluminum hydride, sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminum hydride, a metal catalyst and hydrogen source can be used.
• a borohydride regent such as sodium triacetoxyborohydride, tetramethylammonium triacetoxyborohydride, sodium cyanoborohydride, sodium borohydride, lithium borohydride, sodium trimethoxyborohydride and lithium triethylborohydride
• an aluminum hydride regent such as lithium aluminum hydride, diisopropylaluminum
• the hydrogen source for example, hydrogen, cyclohexadiene, formic acid, ammonium formate and the like
• the metal catalyst for example, palladium/carbon, palladium black, palladium hydroxide/carbon powder, Raney nickel, platinum dioxide, platinum black and the like can be used.
• the reaction of the amine compound (XII) obtained by the method described above and the compound (XIII) having a leaving group W 3 can be performed in a solvent in the presence of a base.
• a solvent although not particularly limited, for example, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, propionitrile, and the like can be used
• the base although not particularly limited, for example, alkali metal hydrides such as lithium hydride, sodium hydride and potassium hydride, alkali metals such as lithium, sodium and potassium, alkali metal hydroxides such as lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, alkali metal carbonates such as lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and cesium carbonate, lithium diisopropylamide, sodium diisopropylamide, potassium diisopropylamide, lithium hexamethyldisil
• aminopyrimidine derivative (XI) used in the reaction mentioned in the aforementioned reaction scheme 1 an available compound may be used per se, or the derivative can be suitably prepared by a known method.
• said derivative can be prepared by the following methods.
• the preparation method is not limited to the following example.
• aminopyrimidine derivative can be prepared by the following methods, or
• R 19 and R 14 are the same or different, and represent a lower alkyl group, or R 13 and R 14 combine to form a cyclic amine which may have a hetero atom as a ring-constituting atom together with the nitrogen atom to which they bind)
• a method for a reaction of an aryl halide and an amine performed in a solvent or without solvent in the presence or absence of a base and in the presence of a metal catalyst can be applied.
• the target compound can be obtained.
• microwave irradiation may be performed.
• a palladium complex such as tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)(chloroform)dipalladium(0), [1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium(II) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium, or a monovalent copper regent such as cuprous iodide, cuprous bromide and cuprous cyanide may be used alone, a ligand such as (2-biphenyl)di-t-butylphosphine, (2-biphenyl)dicyclohexylphosphine, tetramethylethylenediamine, N,N'-dimethylethylenediamine, glycine, N,N-dimethylglycine and N-methylglycine may also be used in combination.
• a ligand such as (2-bipheny
• solvent although not particularly limited, for example, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, dioxane , N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, water and the like may be used alone or in combination.
• the base is not particularly limited, for example, alkali metal hydrides such as lithium hydride, sodium hydride and potassium hydride, alkali metals such as lithium, sodium and potassium, alkali metal hydroxides such as lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, alkali metal carbonates such as lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and cesium carbonate, lithium diisopropylamide, sodium diisopropylamide, potassium diisopropylamide, lithium hexamethyldisilazide, sodium hexamethyldisilazide, potassium hexamethyldisilazide, sodium t-butoxide, potassium t-butoxide, n-butyllithium, s-butyllithium, t-butyllithium and the like may be used.
• the target compound can be obtained by performing the reaction at 0 to 180°C, preferably 80 to 150°C, for 1 minute to 5 days, preferably 1 hour
• an ether compound represented by the general formula (XX) can be obtained, and by further removing the functional group R 15 for deprotection, the aminopyrimidine compound represented by the general formula (XI") wherein R 11 is a lower alkoxy group, a (lower alkyl)thio(lower alkoxy) group, a (lower alkoxy)(lower alkoxy) group or a di(lower alkyl)amino(lower alkoxy) group can be obtained.
• This reaction route is shown with a reaction scheme as follows.
• R 15 represents a protective group
• R 16 represents a lower alkyl group, a (lower alkyl)thio(lower alkoxy) group, a (lower alkoxy)(lower alkyl) group or a di(lower alkyl)amino(lower alkyl) group
• the target compound can be obtained by performing the reaction in a solvent or without solvent. During the reaction, microwave irradiation may be performed.
• the solvent although not particularly limited, for example, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, dioxane, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, water, and the like can be used alone or in combination.
• the target compound can be obtained by performing the reaction generally at -20 to 180°C, preferably 0 to 150°C, for 1 minute to 24 hours, preferably 5 minutes to 10 hours.
• a method for a reaction of an aryl halide and an alcohol performed in a solvent or without solvent in the presence or absence of a base and in the presence of a metal catalyst can be applied.
• the target compound can be obtained.
• microwave irradiation may be performed.
• a palladium complex such as tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)(chloroform)dipalladium(0), [1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium(II), and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium, or a monovalent copper regent such as cuprous iodide, cuprous bromide and cuprous cyanide may be used alone, and a ligand such as (2-biphenyl)di-t-butylphosphine, (2-biphenyl)dicyclohexylphosphine, tetramethylethylenediamine, N,N'-dimethylethylenediamine, glycine, N,N-dimethylglycine and N-methylglycine may also be used in combination.
• a ligand such as (2-biphen
• solvent although not particularly limited, for example, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, dioxane , N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, water and the like may be used alone or in combination.
• the base is not particularly limited, and for example, alkali metal hydrides such as lithium hydride, sodium hydride and potassium hydride, alkali metals such as lithium, sodium and potassium, alkali metal hydroxides such as lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, alkali metal carbonates such as lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and cesium carbonate, lithium diisopropylamide, sodium diisopropylamide, potassium diisopropylamide, lithium hexamethyldisilazide, sodium hexamethyldisilazide, potassium hexamethyldisilazide, sodium t-butoxide, potassium t-butoxide, n-butyllithium, s-butyllithium, t-butyllithium and the like may be used.
• the target compound can be obtained by performing the reaction at 0 to 180°C, preferably 80 to 150°C, for 1 minute to 5 days, preferably 1 hour
• the method for removing the protective group R 15 of the ether compound (XX) obtained by the aforementioned method is not particularly limited, the deprotection can be performed by referring to a method generally used for removal of the protective group ( Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis Third Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ).
• the compound of the present invention represented by the general formula (I) wherein R 11 is a (lower alkyl)sulfinyl(lower alkoxy) group or a (lower alkyl)sulfonyl(lower alkoxy) group can also be prepared according to the following reaction steps. Specifically, such a compound can also be obtained by obtaining a compound of the present invention represented by the general formula (I) wherein R 11 is a (lower alkyl)thio(lower alkoxy) group by using an aminopyrimidine compound (XI") wherein R 11 is substituted with a (lower alkyl)thio(lower alkoxy) group, and then oxidizing the sulfur atom of the compound.
• R 11 is a (lower alkyl)sulfinyl(lower alkoxy) group or a (lower alkyl)sulfonyl(lower alkoxy) group
• an ordinary method for converting sulfur atom into sulfinyl group or sulfonyl group can be applied, and for example, an oxidation reaction with aqueous hydrogen peroxide using a catalytic amount of sodium tungstate or molybdenum dioxide dichloride, or sodium periodate, potassium periodate, meta-chloroperbenzoic acid (mCPBA), PCC, PDC, N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS), N-bromosuccinimide (NBS), N-iodosuccinimide (NIS), iodine, bromine, and the like may be used.
• examples include, for example, water, acetonitrile, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride, N,N-dimethylformamide, acetic acid, and the like.
• the compound having a (lower alkyl)sulfonyl(lower alkoxy) group as R 11 can also be prepared from the compound having an alkylsulfinyl(lower alkoxy) group as R 11 obtained by the method described above by using the same oxidation reaction conditions.
• Intermediate compounds and target compounds obtained by the aforementioned reactions can be isolated and purified as required by purification methods commonly used in the field of synthetic organic chemistry, for example, filtration, extraction, washing, drying, concentration, recrystallization, various types of chromatography, and the like. Intermediate compounds may also be used for successive reactions without particular purification.
• the resulting compound (I) can be made into an acid addition salt by an ordinary method.
• the compound may also be obtained as a solvate with a solvent such as a reaction solvent and a recrystallization solvent or a hydrate.
• Examples of dosage form of the medicament comprising the compound of the present invention, a salt thereof or a solvate thereof as an active ingredient include, for example, those for oral administration such as tablet, capsule, granule, powder and syrup, and those for parenteral administration such as intravenous injection, intramuscular injection, suppository, inhalant, transdermal preparation, eye drop and nasal drop.
• the active ingredient may be used alone, or may be used in appropriate combination with other pharmaceutically acceptable additives such as excipients, binders, fillers, disintegrating agents, surface active agents, lubricants, dispersing agents, buffering agents, preservatives, corrigents, perfumes, coating agents and diluents to obtain as a pharmaceutical composition.
• other pharmaceutically acceptable additives such as excipients, binders, fillers, disintegrating agents, surface active agents, lubricants, dispersing agents, buffering agents, preservatives, corrigents, perfumes, coating agents and diluents.
• the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor used for the combinatory composition for the medicament of the present invention is a compound which inhibits the biological conversion of hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A into mevalonic acid, catalyzed by the HMG-CoA reductase, and examples include lovastatin, simvastatin, fluvastatin, pravastatin, pitavastatin, atorvastatin, rosvastatin and the like.
• a dose of the medicament of the present invention may vary depending on the weight, age, sexuality, and symptoms of a patient and the like, it is generally preferred that 1 to 2000 mg, especially 10 to 300 mg, in terms of the compound represented by the general formula (I), may be orally or parenterally administered at one time or several times as divided portions per day for an adult.
• 5-Bromo-2-chloropyrimidine 300 mg, 1.55 mmol was dissolved by heating at 120°C in 4-methoxybenzylamine (2.1 g, 15.4 mmol), and the solution was stirred at the same temperature for 2 hours.
• the reaction mixture was directly subjected to silica gel column chromatography for purification to obtain 5-bromo-2-(4-methoxybenzylamino)pyrimidine (445 mg, 98%) as colorless amorphous solid.
• reaction mixture was cooled, and then filtered through Celite, and washed with ethyl acetate.
• reaction mixture was filtered through Celite, and washed with chloroform, and then the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 2-[3-(N-cyclopentylmethyl-N-ethyl)amino-6-methoxypyridine]carboxyaldehyde (1.68 g, 85%) as pale yellow oil.
• reaction mixture was cooled to -15°C, added dropwise with a solution of 3-trifluoromethylbenzyl bromide (50 mg, 0.21 mmol) in N,N-dimethylformamide (1.0 mL), and then the mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 15 minutes and at room temperature for 30 minutes.
• reaction mixture was extracted with chloroform/water, and the organic layer was washed with saturated brine, then dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure.
• reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, further added with boron tribromide (1.0 mol/L solution in dichloromethane, 450 ⁇ L, 0.45 mmol), and the mixture was stirred at 50°C for 12 hours.
• the reaction mixture was added with water, and extracted with chloroform. The organic layers were combined, washed with water and saturated brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure.
• Example 8 removed [Table 1-3]
• Test Example 1 CETP inhibitory action in human plasma
• the CETP activity in this plasma was measured with Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Activity kit (Roar Biomedical, catalog No.: RB-CETP).
• CETP activity % of control Sample FLU - Blank FLU ⁇ 100 / Control FLU - Blank FLU In the equation, the terms have the following meanings:
• a value obtained by subtracting the value of the CETP activity from 100 was defined as the CETP inhibitory rate of each exemplary compound and comparative compound, and a concentration inhibiting the CETP activity by 50% (IC 50 ) was calculated for each exemplary compound and comparative compound from the values of the CETP inhibitory rate at two or more concentrations.
• the results are shown in Table 2.
• the comparative compounds the following compounds were used, which are compounds having a benzyl(heterocyclylmethyl)amine structure described in Examples 52, 66 and 79 of Patent document 9 (International Patent Publication WO2006/073973 ).
• Test Example 2 Measurement of CETP inhibitory activity in blood of hamster (single oral administration)
• the donor lipoprotein was prepared by adding KBr to plasma of healthy human subject (50 mL) to adjust the specific gravity (d) of the plasma to be 1.125, centrifuging the mixture at 100,000 rpm and 4°C for 2.5 hours (Optima Max-E TLA-100.2 rotor, Beckman), and collecting the lower layer (HDL 3 fraction, d > 1.125). The resulting fraction was dialyzed against PBS (10 mM Na 2 HPO 4 , 10 mM NaH 2 PO 4 , 0.15 M NaCl, 1 mM EDTA-2Na, pH 7.4).
• PBS 10 mM Na 2 HPO 4 , 10 mM NaH 2 PO 4 , 0.15 M NaCl, 1 mM EDTA-2Na, pH 7.4
• Plasma of healthy human subject (30 mL) was centrifuged under the same conditions as mentioned above, and the upper layer (chylomicron and VLDL fraction, d ⁇ 1.006) was removed.
• the lower layer was added with KBr to adjust the specific gravity thereof to be 1.063, and centrifuged under the same conditions to obtain the upper layer (LDL fraction, 1.006 ⁇ d ⁇ 1.063).
• the LDL fraction was dialyzed against PBS and used for the measurement of the CETP activity.
• a TBS solution 10 mM Tris, 0.15 M NaCl, pH 7.4
• the mixture was incubated at 37°C for 18 hours, then added with 400 ⁇ L of the TBS solution containing 0.15 M MgCl 2 and 0.3% dextran sulfate, stirred (10 sec ⁇ 2) with VORTEX-2 (Scientific Industries Inc.), left for 30 minutes on ice, and centrifuged at 4°C and 8,000 rpm for 10 minutes (MX-301, TOMY).
• the resulting centrifugation supernatant ( 3 H-labeled HDL 3 fraction) in a volume of 300 ⁇ L was collected in a vial, and added with 3.6 mL of a scintillator (Aquazol-2, Packard), and the mixture was stirred.
• CETP activity % Blank dpm - Sample dpm ⁇ 100 / Blank dpm
• Blank dpm Value of 3 H radioactivity of sample not added with plasma
• Sample dpm Value of 3 H radioactivity of sample added with compound or control sample.
• Test Example 3 Measurement of CETP inhibitory activity in blood of hamster (repetitive oral administration for 7 days)
• the compounds of the present invention, salts thereof, and solvates thereof exhibit potent inhibitory activity on CETP, and can suitably be used as active ingredients of medicaments for prophylactic and/or therapeutic treatment of diseases including hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, peripheral vascular disease, hyper-LDL-emia, hypo-HDL-emia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular disturbance, angina pectoris, ischemia, cardiac ischemia, thrombosis, myocardial infarction, reperfusion disturbance, angioplasty restenosis, hypertension, diabetic vascular complication, obesity, endotoxemia and the like.
• diseases including hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis, peripheral vascular disease, hyper-LDL-emia, hypo-HDL-emia, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular disturbance, angina pectoris, ischemia, cardiac ischemia, thrombosis

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