EP2055457A2 - Procédé de fabrication d'un bloc de construction en béton et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un bloc de construction en béton et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2055457A2
EP2055457A2 EP08018198A EP08018198A EP2055457A2 EP 2055457 A2 EP2055457 A2 EP 2055457A2 EP 08018198 A EP08018198 A EP 08018198A EP 08018198 A EP08018198 A EP 08018198A EP 2055457 A2 EP2055457 A2 EP 2055457A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
concrete
mold
filled
density
filling device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08018198A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2055457A3 (fr
EP2055457B1 (fr
Inventor
Friedrich Gebhart
Hans Gebhart
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baustoffwerke Gebhart and Soehne GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Baustoffwerke Gebhart and Soehne GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Baustoffwerke Gebhart and Soehne GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Baustoffwerke Gebhart and Soehne GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP2055457A2 publication Critical patent/EP2055457A2/fr
Publication of EP2055457A3 publication Critical patent/EP2055457A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2055457B1 publication Critical patent/EP2055457B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/022—Feeding several successive layers, optionally of different materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/12—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for removing parts of the articles by cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/023—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo by using a feed box transferring the moulding material from a hopper to the moulding cavities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
    • B28B13/02—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles
    • B28B13/0215—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo
    • B28B13/027—Feeding the moulding material in measured quantities from a container or silo by using a removable belt or conveyor transferring the moulding material to the moulding cavities

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a building block from at least two types of concrete with different densities.
  • the invention also relates to a device for carrying out such a method.
  • EP 0 960 989 B1 is a method for producing a block of concrete, in particular a formwork or block, known for the construction of structures.
  • a concrete with a low density such. B. lightweight concrete.
  • a disadvantage of lightweight concrete is that it has a lower strength and hardness in the processed state in the building, such as normal concrete or heavy concrete.
  • normal concrete or heavy concrete is not suitable if the module has to be mechanically reworked, because the normal or heavy concrete can no longer be reasonably processed with carbide tools or the like due to its hardness.
  • diamond tools are generally necessary, which cause high costs and a low processing speed.
  • a building block according to EP 0 960 989 B1 takes place in that in a first process step, the concrete with the high bulk density (heavy concrete) is filled into a mold up to the area of its upper edge and shaken. After shaking off the concrete, a concrete with a lower bulk density (lightweight concrete) is filled between the top of the concrete with the high bulk density and the top edge of the mold. The low density concrete forms the top or bottom of the building block. So that the block can be installed accurately, the top or bottom of the block formed by the concrete with the lower density is processed mechanically, preferably by milling or grinding.
  • the mold in which the building blocks are produced is open both at the top and at the bottom.
  • the lower opening is normally closed by a highly accurately manufactured pallet, for example a steel pallet, so that on the one hand concrete can not escape during the filling of the mold and on the other hand the underside of the building block achieves a high degree of dimensional accuracy.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a method for producing a block of concrete, through which the block is inexpensive to produce, has a high hardness and strength and can be reworked inexpensively.
  • a layer of a concrete is filled with a lower density in a mold
  • the block also receives on the side, which is formed by the bottom of the mold or the pallet, a surface or layer with conventional tools, eg. B. hard metal, can be mechanically reworked.
  • conventional tools eg. B. hard metal
  • a concrete with a higher density in the form to the region of its upper edge is then filled in a second process step, a concrete with a higher density in the form to the region of its upper edge.
  • a concrete with a higher density in the form to the region of its upper edge.
  • the concrete with the higher bulk density up to the area of the upper edge of the mold becomes a uniform Backfilling and thus achieved a substantially uniform thickness / thickness of the layer of the concrete with the higher density.
  • the lower density concrete is filled between the top of the higher bulk density concrete and the top of the mold.
  • the high dimensional accuracy of the device is achieved in a fourth process step by a mechanical processing of the top and bottom of the block, so that the block are accurately laid can.
  • the mechanical processing of the top and the bottom is preferably carried out by milling and / or grinding.
  • top and bottom of the block known from the prior art methods can be used. According to the invention can be provided both that the top and bottom of the block is milled or ground simultaneously, as well as that first one side is processed and the block is then pivoted by 180 °, so that the other side can be edited.
  • the block is made of concrete with different densities and thus resulting in different properties, the respective advantageous features of different types of concrete can be used accordingly.
  • a concrete with a high bulk density gives the component a high hardness and strength as well as a high weight.
  • concrete with a high density such.
  • As normal or heavy concrete cheaper than a concrete with a lower density, such.
  • the low density concrete ensures cost-effective reworking.
  • the solution according to the invention makes it possible, even if the building blocks have a mold or mold inserts are produced, which are sealed at its bottom by wooden pallets, which can be provided on the wooden pallets adjacent side of the block in a simple and cost-effective manner with a high dimensional accuracy.
  • the high strength and hardness of the building block resulting from the high density concrete is not adversely affected by the building block having a layer of lower density concrete both at the top and at the bottom.
  • the block is made in an embodiment as block or formwork stone at least 90% - based on its volume - from the concrete with the higher density.
  • a part, preferably the complete bottom and the exposed tops of the webs of lightweight concrete can be produced. If the floor, with a thickness of preferably up to 50 mm, is completely made of lightweight concrete, the lightweight concrete content of the hollow block can increase up to 50%, since the land area is generally only 20% concrete and 80% air cavity.
  • the bottom of the hollow block forms only during its production, the bottom of the block or borders to the pallet through which the bottom of the mold is formed. In a known manner, the bottom or the closed bottom surface of the hollow block forms the top, when the hollow block is installed.
  • the concrete with the lower bulk density in the first method step is only filled into the mold as a thin layer.
  • the layer may, for example, have a thickness of 0.5 to 5 cm, preferably 1 to 3 cm.
  • the filled in the first process step concrete is shaken with the lower density before performing the second process step and / or stamped.
  • shaking and / or stamping a better / more stable base for applying the concrete with a higher bulk density is created. It is also avoided that the concrete with the lower bulk density is displaced by the introduction of the concrete with a higher bulk density.
  • the component is shaken and / or stamped after the third method step.
  • the block is compressed or pressed and solidified.
  • the concrete with the lower density in the first process step is filled by means of a filling at least approximately evenly or even and with a constant thickness / thickness in the mold.
  • Uniform filling of the mold with the lower density concrete to be introduced in the first process step can be achieved, for example, by moving the filling device over an upper opening of the mold and filling concrete into the mold during the movement of the filling device. It can be provided that the movement of the filling device is synchronized with the delivery of concrete in such a way that the mold is filled with an at least approximately uniformly strong or thick layer of the concrete with the lower density.
  • a filling device is formed, which is movable at a defined speed over an upper opening of a mold to be filled, wherein the filling device has dispensing means or discharge members during the movement of the filling device dosed to spend concrete in the mold.
  • the movement of the filling device is synchronized with the dispensing means in such a way that at least approximately uniformly concrete with the lower bulk density is filled into the mold in the first method step.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the filling device results from the fact that the output means are designed as a conveyor belt. By a conveyor belt, it is possible in a simple manner to continuously drop concrete into the mold. A conveyor belt also allows for an advantageous feeding of the concrete, which is present as a spilled material.
  • the output means may be formed as a vibration unit, which ensures that concrete gets into the mold continuously and evenly through an appropriate vibration.
  • the filling device with the vibration unit may preferably be formed as a vibrating trough, whereby a uniform, continuous delivery of the concrete is ensured.
  • the concrete with the lower bulk density can be particularly preferably introduced as a thin layer into the mold when the filling device is first moved from a trailing edge of the upper opening of the mold to a front edge.
  • the output edge of the conveyor belt can be positioned approximately flush with the front edge of the upper opening of the mold.
  • the conveyor belt can move forward at the same speed that the filling device moves back.
  • the conveyor belt can preferably be designed as a circulating conveyor belt.
  • the filling device provided with a conveyor belt or a vibration unit be operated in other ways to achieve a metered introduction of concrete into the mold. It is conceivable z. Also, for example, the conveyor or vibratory unit conveys concrete into the mold as the filling device moves from a trailing edge of the mold's top opening to a leading edge.
  • the filling device or its dispensing means / dispensing member is supplied with concrete by a conventional filling device, which also fills the previously known filling car.
  • a mold is filled which has a plurality of mold inserts which are each designed to form a building block.
  • the mold has two to thirty, preferably two to twenty, mold inserts, which are filled in each process step.
  • the number can be varied depending on the size of the blocks to be produced.
  • Simultaneous production of several components or simultaneously filling of a plurality of mold inserts per method step can easily be achieved by suitable dimensioning of the filling device, the filling carriage, the means for shaking the molds or the compressor units (eg stamps) and the like.
  • Fig. 8 shows a block 1 produced by the process according to the invention for the production of buildings.
  • the block 1 is formed as a block or shuttering block.
  • the module 1 is formed from a concrete 2 with a high or higher density and a concrete 3 with a low or low density.
  • the concrete 2 with the higher bulk density in the exemplary embodiment is a heavy concrete, for example a concrete with a quartz content and / or a proportion of gravel.
  • the lower density concrete 3 is a lightweight concrete with a maximum weight of 1,400 kg / m 3 .
  • the outer walls of the module 1 are formed by a top 4, a bottom 5 and side walls 6.
  • the upper side 4 and the lower side 5 of the module 1 are formed from the lightweight concrete 3.
  • the layer between the top 4 and the bottom 5 (and thus the largest part of the side walls 6 of the block 1) is formed from the heavy concrete 2.
  • top 4 and the bottom 5 made of lightweight concrete 3 can be machined with conventional tools 7, z. B. milled or ground. This measure makes it possible to produce a precisely shaped module 1 with a very high dimensional accuracy. Thus, in particular by this method dry laid blocks or formwork blocks are to be offset accurately.
  • the layers consisting of the lightweight concrete are produced as thin layers with a thickness of approximately 10 mm +/- 5 mm.
  • the module 1, in particular in one embodiment, to be at least 90% (volume) of heavy concrete 2 as block or formwork brick. Due to the high proportion of heavy concrete with the corresponding strength and hardness can be realized with the building block 1 thin outer walls.
  • the module 1 can also be provided with a non-illustrated insulation, as is common, for example, formwork blocks.
  • Fig. 1 shows a basic structure for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • a mold 8 has two mold inserts 8a for forming a respective component 1.
  • the mold 8 or the mold inserts 8a each have an upper opening 9 and a lower opening 10.
  • the lower opening 10 is in the embodiment closed by a transport pallet 11, for example made of wood.
  • vibration units 12 in order to shake the transport pallet 11 or the mold 8 and the introduced concrete 2, 3.
  • stamp 13 are provided to stamp the introduced into the mold 8 concrete 2, 3 or to compress.
  • the filling station 14 a is a conventional unit of a filling device 15 a, which is provided with a funnel to fill a filling carriage 16. After filling the filling carriage 16, the discharge opening of the filling device 15a can be closed. By means of rails or rollers, not shown, the filling carriage 16 can be guided along the upper side of the mold 8 so that concrete 2 can pass from the filling carriage 16 through the upper opening 9 into the mold 8 or the mold inserts.
  • the filling station 14b also has a filling device 15b with a funnel-shaped outlet and a closure mechanism.
  • a filling device 17 designed for metered delivery of concrete is provided.
  • the filling device 17 has a dispensing means designed as a conveyor belt 18, with which dispensed and uniformly poured concrete into the mold 8 can be introduced.
  • the filling device 17 is analogous to the known filling carriage 16 so formed that it can be moved over the upper opening 9 of the mold 8 at a defined speed, for example via rollers or rails.
  • the conveyor belt 18 delivers metered concrete, in the exemplary embodiment lightweight concrete 3, into the mold 8 or the mold inserts 8 a.
  • Fig. 2 shows a position of the filling device 17 before the beginning of the filling of lightweight concrete 3 in the mold 8.
  • the filling device 17 is first up to a front edge 9a of the upper opening 9, which defined in the embodiment of the filling station 15b farthest edge of the mold 8 , has been moved.
  • the filling device 17 serves to carry out the first (and the third) method step, after which a thin layer of the lightweight concrete 3 is to be filled into the mold 8.
  • a new amount of lightweight concrete 3 can again be applied to the conveyor belt 18.
  • the filling device 15b in each case applies as much lightweight concrete 3 to the conveyor belt 18 as is necessary for carrying out a dispensing operation or a process step.
  • the introduced layer of lightweight concrete 3 is shaken and / or stamped.
  • the vibration units 12 and the punches 13 serve this purpose.
  • Fig. 4 shows a representation after performing the second process step according to the invention, after which heavy concrete 2 in the mold 8 to the region of its upper edge (shown by the front edge 9a and trailing edge 9b) is filled.
  • the filling carriage 16 which may optionally be provided with a scraper to fill the mold 8 preferably exactly to the upper edge 9a, 9b.
  • the filling of the lightweight concrete 3 is carried out analogously to the first process step.
  • the filling device 17 may be provided in a manner not shown analogous to the filling carriage 16 with a scraper, so that the lightweight concrete 3 as exactly as possible to the top 9a, 9b of the mold 8 can be filled and also the surface is flat.
  • the applied in the third step lightweight concrete 3 is formed as a thin layer of 10 mm +/- 5 mm.
  • the layers formed by the lightweight concrete 3 on the upper side 4 and the lower side 5 of the module 1 can basically have the same thickness.
  • the filling of the concrete 2, 3 done so that the respective formed by the other concrete underlayer is still wet. This ensures that a firm and stable connection between the concrete layers is created.
  • Fig. 7 shows a compression of the two concrete layers 2, 3 by the punch 13 and optionally by using the vibration units 12.
  • the concrete layers 2, 3 are compressed in their final stage and thus correspond to the dimensions of in Fig. 8 (enlarged) shown finished building block 1.
  • the joint compaction creates a highly resilient connection between the different concrete layers.
  • the top 4 and the bottom 5 are mechanically processed in a fourth process step so that the block 1 can be installed dimensionally accurate.
  • the machining is carried out by means of a milling tool 7.
  • a grinding tool or a similar method can be used.
  • the milling / grinding tool 7 first the bottom 5 of one or more procedurally manufactured building blocks 1 edited. Subsequently, the blocks 1 are turned over individually or together so that the milling / grinding tool 7 can also process the respective other side, in the present case the upper side 4.
  • two milling / grinding tools 7 can be provided, which allow a simultaneous or helical machining of the top 4 and the bottom 5 of the building blocks or 1.
  • the mold 8 shown in the embodiment has two mold inserts 8 a, which are each formed to form a module 1.
  • the basic principle is to be clarified.
  • one mold 8 having a plurality of mold inserts 8a preferably two to thirty, can be filled.
  • the building blocks 1 produced thereafter can be mechanically reworked as simultaneously as possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
EP08018198.5A 2007-11-02 2008-10-17 Procédé de fabrication d'un bloc de construction en béton et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé Active EP2055457B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200710052883 DE102007052883A1 (de) 2007-11-02 2007-11-02 Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Bausteins aus Beton und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2055457A2 true EP2055457A2 (fr) 2009-05-06
EP2055457A3 EP2055457A3 (fr) 2013-04-10
EP2055457B1 EP2055457B1 (fr) 2017-03-29

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EP08018198.5A Active EP2055457B1 (fr) 2007-11-02 2008-10-17 Procédé de fabrication d'un bloc de construction en béton et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé

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Country Link
EP (1) EP2055457B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102007052883A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2326472A1 (fr) * 2008-08-29 2011-06-01 Benex Technologies Pty Ltd Moules de blocs et procédé
CN104972557A (zh) * 2015-07-06 2015-10-14 佛山东承汇科技控股有限公司 一种仿天然玉石的陶瓷墙地砖布料器
AT524345A1 (de) * 2020-11-12 2022-05-15 Michael Friedl Alfred Halb-Mauerstein und Verfahren zum Produzieren eines Halb-Mauersteins
EP4257315A1 (fr) * 2022-04-06 2023-10-11 Godelmann GmbH & Co. KG Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de blocs en béton

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1521840A (fr) 1967-05-03 1968-04-19 Schlosser & Co Gmbh Procédé pour la fabrication d'un élément de construction comprenant plusieurs couches
EP0960989A1 (fr) 1998-05-27 1999-12-01 GISOTON Baustoffwerke Gebhart & Söhne GmbH & Co. Bloc de construction et méthode de fabrication d'un bloc de construction en béton

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1521840A (fr) 1967-05-03 1968-04-19 Schlosser & Co Gmbh Procédé pour la fabrication d'un élément de construction comprenant plusieurs couches
EP0960989A1 (fr) 1998-05-27 1999-12-01 GISOTON Baustoffwerke Gebhart & Söhne GmbH & Co. Bloc de construction et méthode de fabrication d'un bloc de construction en béton
EP0960989B1 (fr) 1998-05-27 2003-03-19 GISOTON Baustoffwerke Gebhart & Söhne GmbH & Co. Bloc de construction et méthode de fabrication d'un bloc de construction en béton

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2326472A1 (fr) * 2008-08-29 2011-06-01 Benex Technologies Pty Ltd Moules de blocs et procédé
EP2326472A4 (fr) * 2008-08-29 2013-02-20 Benex Technologies Pty Ltd Moules de blocs et procédé
CN104972557A (zh) * 2015-07-06 2015-10-14 佛山东承汇科技控股有限公司 一种仿天然玉石的陶瓷墙地砖布料器
AT524345A1 (de) * 2020-11-12 2022-05-15 Michael Friedl Alfred Halb-Mauerstein und Verfahren zum Produzieren eines Halb-Mauersteins
AT524345B1 (de) * 2020-11-12 2022-07-15 Michael Friedl Alfred Halb-Mauerstein und Verfahren zum Produzieren eines Halb-Mauersteins
EP4257315A1 (fr) * 2022-04-06 2023-10-11 Godelmann GmbH & Co. KG Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de blocs en béton

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Publication number Publication date
DE102007052883A1 (de) 2009-06-18
EP2055457A3 (fr) 2013-04-10
EP2055457B1 (fr) 2017-03-29

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