EP2020504A2 - Photokatalytisches Zündsystem - Google Patents

Photokatalytisches Zündsystem Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2020504A2
EP2020504A2 EP08161458A EP08161458A EP2020504A2 EP 2020504 A2 EP2020504 A2 EP 2020504A2 EP 08161458 A EP08161458 A EP 08161458A EP 08161458 A EP08161458 A EP 08161458A EP 2020504 A2 EP2020504 A2 EP 2020504A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
photocatalyst
photocatalytic
light
oxide
ignition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08161458A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Yusuke Niwa
Katsuo Suga
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2008109006A external-priority patent/JP2009050845A/ja
Application filed by Nissan Motor Co Ltd filed Critical Nissan Motor Co Ltd
Publication of EP2020504A2 publication Critical patent/EP2020504A2/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P23/00—Other ignition
    • F02P23/02—Friction, pyrophoric, or catalytic ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P23/00—Other ignition
    • F02P23/04—Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to a photocatalytic ignition system and particularly, but not exclusively, to a photocatalytic ignition system that uses a photocatalyst to ignite a mixture of a fuel gas and air. Aspects of the invention relate to an apparatus, to a system, to an engine and to a vehicle.
  • photocatalysts In recent years, attention has been directed toward photocatalysts. When a photocatalyst absorbs an amount of light energy equal to or exceeding a band gap energy, it develops holes due to the excitation of valence electrons to the conduction band. It is believed that the electrons and holes move to the surface of the catalyst and produce hydroxyl radicals, super oxide anions, and other active species. The active species have a very high oxidation strength and will readily oxidize and decompose organic substances.
  • the photocatalytic action of photocatalysts has been used for air cleaning, water cleaning, anti-soiling, and anti-fogging (e.g., Ceramics, Akira Fujishima, 39, 2004, No. 7 ).
  • the content of visible light in sunlight is approximately 50%. If visible can be used, then a faster reaction rate can be obtained.
  • Ways of reducing the band gap energy are being investigated to enable the use of visible light. Since the energies of the conduction band and the valence band are determined by the orbitals of oxygen, the band gap energy can be reduced by controlling one of the orbitals. Based on previous observations, it is known that when an orbital of the metal atom is controlled, a recombination center for electrons and holes is produced and the activity level of the photocatalyst declines. Consequently, it is necessary to replace the oxygen with an element whose valence band has a higher energy level than the valence band of oxygen.
  • the band gap energy can be decreased and visible like can be utilized by using nitrogen.
  • Proposals have been made for using an oxynitride material (e.g., Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2002-066333 and Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2004-230306 ) or titanium oxide that has been doped with nitrogen using a NOx treatment or an ammonia treatment ( What Is a Photocatalyst?, Shinri Sato, Kodansha, 2004 ).
  • catalysts are being combined with porous substances in order to increase the amount of reactant material that adheres to a surface of the catalyst and such techniques as improving crystallinity and reducing the particle size of powder are being used to enable electrons and holes produced by photoexcitation to reach the catalyst surface without losing their activity level (e.g., Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2001-259436 ).
  • Another idea is to provide a metal material in order to promote electric charge separation (e.g., Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 9-262473 ).
  • a hydrophilic mesh sheet particularly a hydrophilic mesh sheet having a photocatalyst-containing layer provided as a hydrophilic layer, is installed inside a greenhouse and used to adjust the temperature and/or humidity inside the greenhouse. Water is allowed to flow down onto the hydrophilic mesh sheet and evaporate. The heat of evaporation required to evaporate the water lowers the ambient temperature and the vaporized moisture can be used to adjust the ambient humidity.
  • a hydrophilic mesh sheet particularly a hydrophilic mesh sheet having a photocatalyst-containing layer provided as a hydrophilic layer
  • an air fuel mixture igniting system that uses a photocatalyst brings the advantage of enabling the minimum ignition energy to be reduced because the radicals necessary for igniting the air fuel mixture can be produced comparatively readily at the surface of the photocatalyst.
  • a highly effective photocatalytic material has not been proposed and the ability of existing photocatalytic materials to lower the minimum ignition energy is not sufficient. Consequently, a practical photocatalytic ignition system has yet to be proposed.
  • Embodiments of the invention may provide an improved photocatalytic ignition system that uses a photocatalyst to ignite a mixture of a fuel gas and air and that can ignite a lean air fuel mixture with a much smaller amount of light energy than previously proposed systems.
  • a photocatalytic ignition system comprising an ignition chamber configured to receive an air fuel mixture, a photocatalyst arranged in the ignition chamber to contact the air fuel mixture and a light source arranged to shine light on the photocatalyst, the photocatalyst including a photocatalytic material having an oxygen absorbing and a desorbing function.
  • the photocatalytic material is at least one selected from a group consisting of cerium oxide, titanium oxide and copper oxide.
  • the photocatalytic material is cerium oxide with an average particle size of 20 nm or smaller.
  • the photocatalyst further includes a photothermal conversion material that includes at least one transition metal compound selected from a group consisting of transition metal sulfides, transition metal nitrides and oxides of transition metals other than cerium, titanium and copper.
  • the photothermal conversion material includes at least one of iron and vanadium as a transition metal of the transition metal compound.
  • the photocatalytic material is cerium oxide
  • the photothermal conversion material is an oxide of iron
  • the mole ratio of cerium to iron contained in the photocatalyst lies in the range of 2/8 to 8/2.
  • the photocatalyst further includes an auxiliary catalyst that includes at least one of a noble metal and nickel.
  • the photocatalyst further includes an inorganic carrier material that is fixed to a base body with an inorganic adhesive.
  • a photocatalytic ignition system may be provided that basically comprises an ignition chamber, a photocatalyst and a light source.
  • the ignition chamber is configured to receive an air fuel mixture.
  • the photocatalyst is arranged in the ignition chamber to contact an air fuel mixture.
  • the light source is arranged to shine light on the photocatalyst.
  • the photocatalyst includes a photocatalytic material having an oxygen absorbing and a desorbing function.
  • the photocatalytic ignition system is capable of igniting a lean air fuel mixture with a greatly reduced amount of light energy.
  • a photocatalytic ignition system is illustrated in accordance with a first embodiment.
  • This photocatalytic ignition system is a system that ignites a mixture of fuel gas and air using a photocatalyst and a light source.
  • the light source serves the function of supplying light to the photocatalyst and the photocatalyst contains a photocatalytic material that has both a photocatalytic function and an oxygen absorbing desorbing function.
  • an air fuel mixture can be headed in a localized fashion and ignited.
  • a photocatalytic ignition system can be provided which can ignite a lean air fuel mixture with a much smaller amount of light energy than previously proposed systems.
  • concentrations, content amounts, and filling amounts expressed as a value followed by "%" are mass percentages unless otherwise specified.
  • the fuel contained in the air fuel mixture there are no particular limitations on the fuel contained in the air fuel mixture.
  • the fuel used is a hydrocarbon or alcohol based fuel.
  • examples of fuels used in internal combustion engines include gasoline, diesel fuel, heavy oil, biogasoline, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), liquefied natural gas (LNG), methanol, and ethanol.
  • Any light source is acceptable so long as it can supply a light to the photocatalyst that activates the photocatalytic material used.
  • a light source that emits ultraviolet light, visible light, infrared light, or a combination of these is acceptable.
  • the light has a wavelength corresponding to an energy level equal to or higher than the band gap energy of the photocatalytic material, then electrons in the valence band of the photocatalytic material will be excited into the conduction band and holes will develop in the valence band, thus promoting a photocatalytic reaction.
  • the photocatalytic material is a primary component of the photocatalyst that is used to ignite the fuel and air mixture, it is also acceptable to include other component such as a photothermal conversion material, an auxiliary catalyst, or an inorganic carrier material as needed and/or desired.
  • a photothermal conversion material such as aluminum st
  • an auxiliary catalyst such as aluminum st
  • an inorganic carrier material such as aluminum st
  • the photocatalytic material contained in the photocatalyst will now be explained. There are no particular limits on the photocatalytic material so long as it causes a photocatalytic reaction to occur when light is shone thereon and it has an oxygen absorbing desorbing function. To ignite the fuel and air mixture, the photocatalytic material advantageously has an oxygen absorbing and a desorbing function, which will now be explained using a hypothetical example.
  • the photocatalytic material since photocatalytic material has the oxygen absorbing desorbing function, the photocatalytic material desorbs oxygen in the O 2 - state. In such a case, there is the possibility that the O 2 - will react with holes at the surface of the photocatalyst and lose an electron, causing an O - to be produced.
  • the O - is an active species necessary for the chain reaction described above.
  • the oxygen absorbing desorbing function causes more O - to be produced than would occur otherwise, thus accelerating combustion. As a result, a lean air fuel mixture can be ignited with a greatly reduced amount of light energy.
  • photocatalytic materials having both an oxygen absorbing and a desorbing function include cerium oxide (CeO 2 ), titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), copper oxide (CuO), and any combination of these materials.
  • cerium oxide can be made to absorb and desorb oxygen in accordance with an oxidation/reduction atmosphere by utilizing an oxidation/reduction cycle between the quadrivalent and trivalent states of cerium.
  • cerium oxide is used as a photocatalytic material having an oxygen absorbing and a desorbing function, it is beneficial for the average particle size of the cerium oxide to be 20 nm or smaller. It is sometimes difficult to obtain sufficient performance when the average particle size is larger than 20 nm.
  • cerium oxide having the aforementioned particle size is an excellent material to use as the photocatalytic material.
  • the photothermal conversion material is advantageously used as part of the photocatalyst along with the photocatalytic material.
  • the photothermal conversion material is a material that functions to convert light into heat and emit the heat.
  • transition metal compounds that can be used as a photothermal conversion material include oxides of transition metals other than cerium, titanium, and copper, sulfides of transition metals (including cerium, titanium, and copper), and nitrides of transition metals (including cerium, titanium, and copper). Any combination of these oxides, sulfides, and nitrides is also acceptable.
  • iron (Fe) and/or vanadium (V) as a transition metal in the aforementioned transition metal compound of the photothermal conversion material.
  • Compounds (i.e., oxide, sulfide, and nitride compounds) of iron and vanadium emit heat when they absorb light.
  • the reason for the heat emission is thought to be either (1) that excitation energy is converted to thermal energy or (2) that the compound undergoes a reduction reaction when it absorbs light and then emits heat when it oxidizes again due to oxygen in the vicinity. Either way, the compound emits heat and heats the photocatalytic material, thereby causing the temperature of the catalyst surface to rise. It is believed that, as a result, the reaction is accelerated and the oxidizing performance, i.e., the igniting performance, is improved.
  • an oxide of iron is particularly good. Particularly good results are obtained when an iron oxide photothermal conversion material is used together with cerium oxide as the photocatalytic material. In such a case, it is acceptable for the iron (Fe) and the cerium (Ce) to form a composite oxide.
  • the content ratio of cerium and iron (Ce/Fe) is advantageous for the content ratio of cerium and iron (Ce/Fe) to be a mole ratio in the range of 2/8 to 8/2. If the mole ratio departs from this range such that the amount of iron is too small, then the heating effect will not be obtained and the performance will not be sufficiently improved. Conversely, if the amount of iron is too large, then the ignition performance may decline.
  • the auxiliary catalyst is used as part of the photocatalyst along with the photocatalytic material.
  • the auxiliary catalyst functions to collect separated charges such that recombination of electrons and holes is suppressed, thereby promoting charge separation. More specifically, separated charges resulting from light absorption move to the surface of the catalyst and activate the reactants. If recombination occurs during the movement, then deactivation will occur. Any material that can separate charges effectively and suppress recombination, thereby collecting charges (electrons), can be used as an auxiliary catalyst.
  • auxiliary catalyst there are no particular limitations on the material used as the auxiliary catalyst. Examples include at least one of or any combination of the noble metals and nickel, more specifically at least one of or any combination of rhodium (Rh), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), ruthenium (Ru), palladium (Pd), iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), and nickel (Ni).
  • the inorganic carrier material is used as part of the photocatalyst along with the photocatalytic material.
  • the inorganic carrier material functions to support and secure the photocatalytic material. Specific examples include alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), zirconia (ZrO 2 ), and magnesia (MgO 2 ).
  • a base body typically a substrate plate
  • a base body can be used to secure the photocatalyst.
  • the inorganic adhesive should be configured to adhere to both the photo catalyst (i.e., the photocatalytic material and the inorganic carrier material) and the base body in order to prevent the photocatalyst from peeling or cracking.
  • examples of inorganic adhesives include alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) and zirconia (ZrO 2 ).
  • FIG. 1 is a system diagram showing an embodiment of a photocatalytic ignition system. As shown in Figure 1 , this photocatalytic ignition system comprises a photocatalyst 10 and a laser device 20 constituting a light source.
  • the photocatalyst 10 is on a substrate plate 11 that is housed inside an ignition chamber 30.
  • the ignition chamber 30 is configured such that a mixture of fuel and air can be supplied thereto as indicated with an arrow F and exhaust gas can be discharged therefrom as indicated with an arrow E.
  • Internal pressure of the ignition chamber 30 can be detected with a pressure sensor 32, and laser light from the laser device 20 can be shone into the ignition chamber 30 through a light inlet window 31 made of quartz glass.
  • the laser light emitted from the laser device 20 is reflected by a reflection mirror 21 and the intensity of the laser light is adjusted by an attenuator 22.
  • the photocatalyst 10 is activated and causes localized heating of the air fuel mixture, thereby igniting the air fuel mixture.
  • An aluminum plate having a diameter of 60 mm was used as the substrate plate 11. Oil was removed from the aluminum plate by treating it with alcohol and, afterwards, an inorganic adhesive (main ingredient: ⁇ alumina) was coated onto the aluminum plate. Next, the photocatalyst 10 was made by spraying cerium oxide sol having a particle size of 20 nm to a thickness of several micrometers and firing to remove moisture.
  • the laser light was provided by a Nd-YAG laser (355 nm) and pulsed at a pulse width of 5 to 7 nsec.
  • a mixture of CH 4 and air was supplied to the inside of the ignition chamber and controlled with a mass flow controller to a ratio of 10 % by volume of CH 4 to air.
  • the pressure inside the chamber was 0.2 MPa and the temperature was room temperature.
  • the volume of the ignition chamber was approximately 600 cc.
  • An aqueous solution was prepared with ferric nitrate and cerium nitrate at a mole ratio of Fe to Ce (Fe/Ce) equal to 0.8/0.2.
  • the solution was agitated one day and one night while gradually dripping in an aqueous solution containing 28% ammonia such that a pH of 8 was achieved.
  • the resulting solid material was then filtered out, rinsed with deionized water, and heated to 600 °C for five hours to obtain Fe 0.8 Ce 0.2 .
  • the Fe-Ce material was used as the photocatalyst. Otherwise, the same operations as were performed in Working Example 1 were repeated. Table 1 shows the minimum ignition energy (mJ) for the photocatalyst used in this working example.
  • Titanium oxide having a particle size of several micrometers was used as the photocatalyst. Otherwise, the same operations as were performed in Working Example 1 were repeated.
  • the minimum ignition energy (mJ) is shown in Table 1.
  • the photocatalyst used in Comparative Example 1 was iron oxide and the photocatalyst used in Working Example 1 was cerium oxide (photocatalytic material).
  • a comparison of Comparative Example 1 and Working Example 1 indicates that the amount of energy required to ignite the air fuel mixture can be reduced by using a material having an oxygen absorbing desorbing function as the photocatalytic material.
  • the photocatalysts used in Working Examples 2 and 3 were made of cerium oxide (photocatalytic material) and iron (photothermal conversion material). A comparison of Working Example 1 to Working Examples 2 and 3 indicates that the amount of energy required to ignite the air fuel mixture can be reduced even further by using a material having a photothermal conversion function as the photocatalytic material.
  • the photocatalyst used in Working Example 4 was made of titanium oxide (photocatalytic material) only. A comparison of Working Example 1 and Working Example 4 indicates that the air fuel mixture can be ignited with a smaller amount of energy by using cerium oxide as the photocatalytic material.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
EP08161458A 2007-08-02 2008-07-30 Photokatalytisches Zündsystem Withdrawn EP2020504A2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2007201448 2007-08-02
JP2008109006A JP2009050845A (ja) 2007-08-02 2008-04-18 光触媒点火システム

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2020504A2 true EP2020504A2 (de) 2009-02-04

Family

ID=39830368

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08161458A Withdrawn EP2020504A2 (de) 2007-08-02 2008-07-30 Photokatalytisches Zündsystem

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US20090035711A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2020504A2 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021054911A3 (en) * 2019-09-19 2021-06-24 Ondokuz Mayis Universitesi Photocatalytic capsule to be used in the improvement of fuel properties

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3374450A1 (de) * 2016-03-04 2018-09-19 Hp Indigo B.V. Flüssige elektrostatische sicherheitstintenzusammensetzung
US11035335B2 (en) * 2019-11-14 2021-06-15 Caterpillar Inc. Laser ignition system

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58133482A (ja) 1982-02-01 1983-08-09 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関の点火方法
JPS59221523A (ja) 1983-06-01 1984-12-13 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 点火装置
JPH09262473A (ja) 1996-03-29 1997-10-07 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 酸化鉄光触媒とそれによる水素の製造方法
JP2001259436A (ja) 2000-03-17 2001-09-25 Kawasaki Steel Corp Ｆｅ２Ｏ３光触媒成分、光触媒および空気中窒素酸化物の除去方法
JP2002066333A (ja) 2000-08-28 2002-03-05 Japan Science & Technology Corp 可視光応答性を有する金属オキシナイトライドからなる光触媒
JP2004230306A (ja) 2003-01-31 2004-08-19 Japan Science & Technology Agency 可視光応答性を有する金属ナイトライド、金属オキシナイトライドからなる光触媒活性の改善方法
JP2005013132A (ja) 2003-06-27 2005-01-20 Izumi-Cosmo Co Ltd 温室およびその温度・湿度調節方法
JP2006307839A (ja) 2005-03-30 2006-11-09 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 光伝導体発火システム
JP2007201448A (ja) 2005-12-27 2007-08-09 Showa Denko Kk 発光素子実装パッケージ、面光源装置および表示装置ならびにこれらの製造方法
JP2008109006A (ja) 2006-10-27 2008-05-08 Disco Abrasive Syst Ltd ウエーハの研削方法

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6569520B1 (en) * 2000-03-21 2003-05-27 3M Innovative Properties Company Photocatalytic composition and method for preventing algae growth on building materials

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58133482A (ja) 1982-02-01 1983-08-09 Toyota Motor Corp 内燃機関の点火方法
JPS59221523A (ja) 1983-06-01 1984-12-13 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 点火装置
JPH09262473A (ja) 1996-03-29 1997-10-07 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 酸化鉄光触媒とそれによる水素の製造方法
JP2001259436A (ja) 2000-03-17 2001-09-25 Kawasaki Steel Corp Ｆｅ２Ｏ３光触媒成分、光触媒および空気中窒素酸化物の除去方法
JP2002066333A (ja) 2000-08-28 2002-03-05 Japan Science & Technology Corp 可視光応答性を有する金属オキシナイトライドからなる光触媒
JP2004230306A (ja) 2003-01-31 2004-08-19 Japan Science & Technology Agency 可視光応答性を有する金属ナイトライド、金属オキシナイトライドからなる光触媒活性の改善方法
JP2005013132A (ja) 2003-06-27 2005-01-20 Izumi-Cosmo Co Ltd 温室およびその温度・湿度調節方法
JP2006307839A (ja) 2005-03-30 2006-11-09 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 光伝導体発火システム
JP2007201448A (ja) 2005-12-27 2007-08-09 Showa Denko Kk 発光素子実装パッケージ、面光源装置および表示装置ならびにこれらの製造方法
JP2008109006A (ja) 2006-10-27 2008-05-08 Disco Abrasive Syst Ltd ウエーハの研削方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
AKIRA FUJISHIMA, CERAMICS, vol. 39, no. 7, 2004

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021054911A3 (en) * 2019-09-19 2021-06-24 Ondokuz Mayis Universitesi Photocatalytic capsule to be used in the improvement of fuel properties

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20090035711A1 (en) 2009-02-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US7093428B2 (en) Exhaust system and method of thermal management
EP0960649B1 (de) Abgasreinigungskatalysator
US8557203B2 (en) Architectural diesel oxidation catalyst for enhanced NO2 generator
JP3758601B2 (ja) 吸蔵還元型ＮＯｘ浄化用触媒
KR102568461B1 (ko) 촉매작용에 의한 오염 저감을 위한 수소 환원제
US5747410A (en) Exhaust gas cleaner and method of cleaning exhaust gas
EP0577438B1 (de) Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Abgasreinigung
KR100532195B1 (ko) 배기 가스 정화 촉매
EP2780102B2 (de) Methode zur abgasbehandlung mit einem tragergestütztem edelmetallkatalysator
KR101560762B1 (ko) 내연기관 배기 가스의 정화용 촉매 및 이 촉매를 사용한 배기 가스의 정화 방법
NZ300982A (en) Catalyst comprising zinc metal or oxide, a rare earth metal oxide (not rhodium) and at least one of palladium, platinum, nickel, cobalt and iron for use in catalytic exhaust systems
JP2007534467A (ja) リーンバーンエンジンからの排気ガスから汚染物質を除去するための酸化鉄で安定化された貴金属触媒
CN103298553B (zh) 脱硝催化剂组合物以及使用其的脱硝方法
CN1330036C (zh) 燃料电池车辆的废气净化方法和燃料电池车辆的废气净化系统
CN1212880C (zh) 低贵金属用量/高稀土元素用量氧化物催化剂
US4450244A (en) Catalyst for the combustion of harmful substances contained in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines operated with alcohol and process for the production of the catalyst
EP2861345B1 (de) Katalysatorzusammensetzung
KR20190012852A (ko) 마이크로파 이용 촉매 가열 수단이 구비된 저에너지 소비형 NOx 제거 반응장치
EP2020504A2 (de) Photokatalytisches Zündsystem
US20090020410A1 (en) Photocatalyst activation system and method for activating photocatalyst
KR102380040B1 (ko) 메탄 산화 촉매, 이를 제조하는 공정 및 이를 사용하는 방법
KR101860777B1 (ko) 촉매 활성화 방법 및 이를 이용한 질소산화물의 선택적 제거 방법
CN1504260A (zh) 整体式燃气燃烧催化剂及其制备方法
US20130239556A1 (en) Production method for exhaust gas-purifying catalyst and motor vehicle
JP2009050845A (ja) 光触媒点火システム

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA MK RS

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: SUGA, KATSUO

Inventor name: NIWA, YUSUKE

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20120201