EP2019253B1 - Leuchte zur Ausleuchtung einer Gebäudefläche - Google Patents

Leuchte zur Ausleuchtung einer Gebäudefläche Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2019253B1
EP2019253B1 EP08013156.8A EP08013156A EP2019253B1 EP 2019253 B1 EP2019253 B1 EP 2019253B1 EP 08013156 A EP08013156 A EP 08013156A EP 2019253 B1 EP2019253 B1 EP 2019253B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
segments
cylindrical
lamp according
lamp
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08013156.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2019253A2 (de
EP2019253A3 (de
Inventor
Matthias Dr. Bremerich
Markus Dr. Görres
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Erco GmbH
Original Assignee
Erco GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2019253A2 publication Critical patent/EP2019253A2/de
Publication of EP2019253A3 publication Critical patent/EP2019253A3/de
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Publication of EP2019253B1 publication Critical patent/EP2019253B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • F21S8/02—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation of recess-mounted type, e.g. downlighters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/04—Optical design
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/04—Optical design
    • F21V7/048—Optical design with facets structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/04—Optical design
    • F21V7/06—Optical design with parabolic curvature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/04—Optical design
    • F21V7/09—Optical design with a combination of different curvatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/22—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors
    • F21V7/24—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors characterised by the material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/10—Outdoor lighting
    • F21W2131/107—Outdoor lighting of the exterior of buildings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/30—Lighting for domestic or personal use
    • F21W2131/304—Lighting for domestic or personal use for pictures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a luminaire for illuminating building, building part or outer surfaces according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a lamp according to the preamble of claim 1 is from the German patent application DE 10 2004 042 915 A1 the applicant.
  • the prior art luminaire has a reflector which has numerous facet-shaped segments on its inside.
  • the segments each have a surface curved toward the interior and may be spherical, cylindrical or aspherical basic shape.
  • the object of the invention is to further develop a lamp according to the preamble of claim 1 such that it allows an improved adjustment of the illumination intensity distribution.
  • the luminaire according to the invention serves for illuminating building, building part or exterior surfaces.
  • the luminaire according to the invention is used for illumination, in particular for particularly uniform illumination, of floor and / or wall or / and ceiling surfaces of a building.
  • illumination in particular for particularly uniform illumination, of floor and / or wall or / and ceiling surfaces of a building.
  • green areas or parking areas can be illuminated.
  • the luminaire according to the invention likewise serves for illuminating objects, for example pictures or statues.
  • the reflector comprises a substantially cup-shaped arched reflector, in particular a parabolic reflector, ie a reflector which has a substantially parabolic cross-section.
  • the reflector is in terms of its basic shape its longitudinal central axis formed substantially rotationally symmetrical.
  • a light source can be arranged in the interior of the reflector.
  • This may be, for example, a HIT lamp, e.g. a HIT-TC-CE, or another metal halide lamp, alternatively one or more LEDs.
  • several HIT lamps can be arranged in the interior of the reflector.
  • only one lamp is introduced through an opening in the reflector, in particular through a mounted in the apex region of the reflector opening into the interior of the reflector.
  • halogen low-voltage incandescent lamps for example QT9, QT12 or QT16 lamps.
  • substantially point-shaped light sources are used, i. Such bulbs that emit the light from a very small volume out.
  • a plurality of facet-like segments is arranged on the inside of the reflector.
  • the inside of the reflector may be completely occupied by facet-shaped segments or only partially, i. along certain subregions, be occupied with segments.
  • a circumferential angular range of e.g. 90 °, ie a four-circle segment is occupied by facet-shaped segments, and the remaining three-quadrant region of the reflector is substantially smooth.
  • Each segment has in each case a curved surface towards the interior. At least some of the segments have a reflective surface of cylindrical basic shape. This means that the segments are provided by a body which, as a sectional body, originates from a cylindrical body, in particular a circular cylinder. Each cylindrical segment can be assigned a cylinder axis. The cylinder axis is the central longitudinal axis of the cylindrical body or is parallel to this. Preferably, each cylindrical base body is a circular cylindrical basic body.
  • the reflecting surface of the cylindrical segment is that surface portion of the cylindrical segment which contributes to the reflection of light rays emitted from the light source.
  • the reflective surface is curved about the central longitudinal axis of the cylindrical base body.
  • each axis is referred to in the sense of the present patent application, which runs parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the cylindrical segment.
  • a plurality of cylindrical segments are arranged. These can be arranged directly next to each other, and in this way, e.g. staircase-like or in the manner of a sawtooth structure, merge into each other. It is also possible that two cylindrical segments are spaced from each other, wherein between the spaced-apart cylindrical segments, a flat or smooth surface or a segment with a different, non-cylindrical curvature is arranged.
  • the cylinder axes are aligned at an acute angle, ie an angle smaller than 90 °, to the longitudinal central axis of the reflector.
  • the cylindrical segments are thus arranged such that their cylinder axis intersects the longitudinal central axis of the reflector at an acute angle.
  • the orientation of the cylinder axes relative to the longitudinal center axes of the reflector varies at the different segments with a different distance from the apex region of the reflector.
  • Each segment is assigned a connection area.
  • the area of attachment of a segment is that area of the segment with which the segment is connected to the reflector. This can be, for example, the head region of the respective cylindrical segment, that is to say that region of the cylindrical segment which is closest to the vertex region of the reflector, or alternatively a lateral region of the respective cylindrical segment.
  • the connection region of a segment is preferably in each case that region of a segment which is closest to the reflector.
  • a tangent can be applied to the outside of the reflector.
  • the outside of the reflector is the side facing away from the interior of the reflector to understand. It is assumed that the outside of the reflector is not structured and the reflector has only a very small wall thickness. In the case of a structured outside of the reflector, the tangent is thought to a curve, e.g. attached to a parabola, which specifies the basic shape of the reflector.
  • This deviation angle is preferably an acute angle and varies with different distances of the segments to the apex region of the reflector.
  • the cylindrical segments are arranged and oriented in such a way that, when a cross section through the reflector is considered, the longitudinal sides, that is to say the lateral surfaces of the cylinder, which contribute to the optical light guidance, are oriented in such a way that they have a polygonal tension deviating from the basic shape of the reflector.
  • a reflector be mimicked elliptical basic shape. This allows, for example, a small design of the reflector with respect to an elliptical cross-section shaped reflector and accordingly the construction of a lamp with only a small installation depth.
  • an almost arbitrary illuminance distribution can be generated.
  • an illuminance distribution within a given light field is designed to be completely uniform.
  • the side wall is particularly evenly lit. This is achieved by reflecting light components towards an upper sidewall area.
  • facets with a cylindrical reflecting surface allows for a particularly uniform distribution of illuminance and the generation of "soft light", as beams are expanded by impinging on the cylindrically curved surface.
  • cylindrical segments with different angles of deviation also makes it possible to influence the illumination intensity distribution in the desired manner.
  • top and bottom refer to a cover-side arrangement of the reflector and are subject to a consideration of the reflector in cross section.
  • light components may be arbitrarily distributed through different angles of deviation in the segments at any angle with respect to the longitudinal central axis of the reflector to get distracted.
  • the illumination intensity distribution can be varied in the desired manner.
  • the light source is punctiform. It is a light source that is substantially punctiform, i. only emits light out of a very small volume.
  • metal halide lamps e.g. a HIT-TC-CE lamp
  • QT lamps used as halogen low-voltage incandescent lamps or at least one LED lamp.
  • a plurality of bulbs or a group of bulbs in the interior of the reflector, preferably near the focal point of the reflector or in the focal point of the reflector are arranged. On the one hand, this makes it possible to achieve a particularly well-defined illuminance distribution and, on the other hand, a high luminous flux.
  • the lamp is characterized in that the light source is a metal halide lamp, in particular a HIT-TC-CE lamp, or a halogen low-voltage incandescent lamp, for example a QT 12-aX or at least one LED.
  • the light source is a metal halide lamp, in particular a HIT-TC-CE lamp, or a halogen low-voltage incandescent lamp, for example a QT 12-aX or at least one LED.
  • the lamp is characterized in that the light source is disposed near the focal point or in the focal point of the reflector.
  • the reflector has a substantially parabolic cross-section.
  • the reflector is therefore designed as a parabolic reflector.
  • the Shell shape of the reflector is formed by a about the longitudinal center axis of the reflector substantially rotationally symmetrical formed body.
  • the reflector therefore advantageously has a substantially circular light exit opening.
  • the reflector is fixed to the luminaire, the free edge of the reflector being formed, for example, by a part of the housing of the luminaire or / and a fixing means, e.g. a screw, can be overlapped.
  • the free edge region of the reflector in the case of a design of the luminaire as a ceiling luminaire or downlight, for example, flush with the ceiling surface.
  • the radii of curvature of the segments vary along a row.
  • an annular arrangement of segments around the longitudinal central axis of the reflector is referred to.
  • the rows, or at least some of the rows may be closed.
  • the rows may extend only over a circumferential angular range of the inner surface of the reflector.
  • substantially oval-shaped illuminance distributions can be generated which are particularly suitable, for example, for illuminating parking areas or for use of the luminaire as a sculpture radiator, ie for illuminating sculptures or comparable objects.
  • the lamp can be arranged directly on a ceiling wall of a building and designed as a downlight.
  • the luminaire may be indirectly attached via a bus bar to a ceiling wall of a building space and e.g. be designed as a radiator.
  • the light can illuminate the area of a side wall of a building space and at the same time the area of a bottom wall of a room.
  • the radii of curvature of the segments along a row vary, for example, such that e.g.
  • a quarter-circle segment of the inner surface of the reflector is occupied by cylindrical facets having a first radius and the remaining segments in the remaining three-quarter circle, corresponding to about a 270 ° circumferential region of the reflector, are occupied by segments of other radii of curvature.
  • the luminaire is characterized in that the luminaire uniformly illuminates regions of the sidewall ( Fig. 7 ).
  • the side wall to be illuminated can be illuminated particularly uniformly and also very far upwards. Overall, a non-rotationally symmetrical illumination intensity distribution is generated in such a luminaire.
  • a comparable luminaire can also be designed to illuminate two opposite side wall regions of a building space, for example an elongated corridor, at the same time illuminating areas of the bottom wall.
  • the entire inner surface of the reflector is divided into four segments, so that there is a two-fold plane symmetry of the reflector, namely a symmetry to two through the Planes passing through the longitudinal center axis of the reflector, which are perpendicular to each other and which intersect in the longitudinal central axis of the reflector.
  • the radii of curvature of the segments along a row are constant.
  • in particular particularly uniform illuminance distributions can be generated, in particular substantially rotationally symmetrical illuminance distributions, which have an almost constant illuminance distribution along the illuminated surface.
  • the radii of curvature of the segments may vary or remain constant.
  • the column refers to an array of segments arranged along a same circumferential angular range, adjacent between the apex region and the free edge region of the reflector. Whether the radii of curvature of the segments vary along a column or are kept constant depends on which illuminance distribution is desired. For example, by changing the radius of curvature of the segments along a column, a relatively narrow, i. narrowly radiating beam of light or alternatively a strongly widened beam of light can be achieved.
  • the cylindrical segments extend along a portion of the inner surface of the reflector or along several portions of the inner surface of the reflector.
  • a quarter-circle segment of, for example, about 90 ° of the inner surface of the reflector can be occupied by cylindrical segments, while the remaining three-quarter circle region (270 °) of the reflector is substantially smooth.
  • the inner surface of the reflector may be filled with cylindrical and spherical or aspherical segments in combination.
  • a first circumferential angular range of the reflector with cylindrical facets and another circumferential angular range of the reflector may be occupied by spherical or aspherical segments.
  • cylindrical segments may also extend along the entire inner surface of the reflector.
  • the deviation angle varies such that segments, which are arranged close to the free edge region of the reflector, have larger angles of deviation than segments arranged near the crest.
  • the cylindrical segments at least partially radial undercuts or undercuts.
  • very high sidewall areas can also be illuminated.
  • the reflector with the cylindrical segments is an aluminum reflector, which is produced by a pressing method.
  • an undercut arrangement can be achieved for the first time.
  • the cylindrical segments can advantageously be arranged along annular, circumferentially extending rows and along radial columns extending from the crown region to the edge region.
  • segments of each two spaced-apart rows can have a sales angle offset ( Fig. 5 ) exhibit.
  • Fig. 1 is a luminaire 10a of the prior art for installation in the ceiling D of a building room provided.
  • the luminaire comprises an unillustrated luminous means, which is arranged in the focal point F or near the focal point of a reflector 21.
  • the reflector 21 is in particular in its apex region S with an in Fig. 1 not shown, in Fig. 1a on the other hand provided clear opening 11 through which the bulb can be inserted through.
  • the lamp 10 of the prior art a housing, not shown, and not shown base or brackets for the light source, electrical leads and all other necessary parts and elements, such as control gear on.
  • the lamp 10a of the prior art is used to illuminate a floor surface B of the building space, such as in the area between the left boundary LB and the right boundary RB, as well as the illumination of a side wall SE, namely between a lower boundary UB and an upper Limitation OB.
  • the luminaire 10a of the prior art has a cross-sectionally substantially parabolic and around its Longitudinal axis M substantially rotationally symmetric reflector 21 on.
  • the inside of the reflector is essentially smooth, ie no segments or elevations are arranged on the inside.
  • a range of the circumferential angle ⁇ is provided with a Randausklinkung 12.
  • the edge notching 12 serves to throw the light emitted by the light source arranged in the focal point F onto a separate reflector blade 13.
  • the reflector blade 13 is therefore arranged outside the envelope of the reflector 21.
  • the area of the reflector 21 which is in Fig. 1 between the upper edge OA and the lower edge UA, so what is in Fig. 1 does not become clear in Fig. 1a but clearly shown, cut out.
  • the light can, starting from the light source, get directly to the reflector blade 13, without it being prevented by the reflector 21 therefrom.
  • dashed darg Congress line L indicates the course of the free edge R of the reflector 21 in the notch 12 before the notching was made.
  • the reflector blade 13 serves to illuminate the side wall SE as far as possible, ie as far as possible close to the ceiling wall D. In particular, a uniform illumination of the side wall SE is desired.
  • a luminaire 10 according to the invention is initially based on the Fig. 2 be explained:
  • Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of a lamp 10 according to the invention in a representation according to Fig. 1 ,
  • the light fixture 10 is suitable for attachment to the ceiling wall D and for illuminating a building side wall SE and a bottom surface B.
  • the bottom surface B and the lower part of the side wall SE are the Fig. 1 in Fig. 2 been omitted.
  • FIG. 1 A comparison of Fig. 1 and 2 further shows that the two reflectors have a substantially same basic shape.
  • Both reflectors 21 are substantially cup-shaped and have a parabolic cross-section. It is apparent that on the inner side 30 of the reflector 21 of the luminaire 10 according to the invention, a step-like or sawtooth-like structure is arranged. This sawtooth-like structure is provided by cylindrical segments and will be described below first on the basis of Fig. 2, 3rd . 4 . 4a . 14 and 15 be explained in detail.
  • Fig. 4 shows in a very schematic plan view an interior view of the reflector 21 of the luminaire according to the invention Fig. 2 ,
  • a peripheral angle ⁇ a multiplicity of indicated, cylindrical, facet-like segments 14n, 14m, 141, 14n 1 , 14n 2 , 14n 3 are arranged on the inner surface 30 of the reflector 21.
  • the rest of the area designated by ⁇ of the reflector is shown in the embodiment of the Fig. 4 facet-free, ie substantially smooth.
  • This facet-free region is designated TE and represents a partial region of, for example, approximately 250 °, whereas the circumferential angle region ⁇ is approximately 110 °.
  • Fig. 4a shows one opposite Fig. 4 modified embodiment of a reflector 21 according to the invention, in which the inner surface 30 of the reflector is continuously occupied by cylindrical segments.
  • Fig. 4b shows one opposite Fig. 4a modified embodiment of a reflector 21 according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows that starting from an apex region S of the reflector 21 towards a free edge region R of the reflector numerous cylindrical facets 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f, 14g, 14h, 14i, 14j, 14k, 141, 14m, 14n arranged are.
  • Fig. 3a shows in an enlarged partial sectional view corresponding to the circle III in Fig. 2 the facets 14k, 14l, 14m, 14n. These are cylindrical facets of a column which are arranged adjacent to one another, between the vertex and the edge R of the reflector 21.
  • Fig. 4a shows that in the circumferential direction U many facets are arranged immediately adjacent to each other. So shows Fig. 4a in the outermost row, for example, three segments 14n 1 , 14n 2 and 14n 3 are labeled. In the sixth outermost row shows Fig. 4a for example labeled segments 14i 1 , 14i 2 , 14i 3 and 14i 4 . These four segments are schematic in Fig. 14 shown in an enlarged view.
  • Fig. 14 shows only schematically a light source 18, from which a parallel light beam emanates and meets by way of example to the surface OF of the cylindrical segment 14i 1 . Shown is a light beam with four parallel light beams.
  • each cylindrical segment 14i 1 , 14i 2 , 14i 3 , 14i 4 curved towards the interior 19 of the reflector 21 is formed by a cylindrical base body which is based on its radius r and its length I and its cylinder center axis m is defined. Dashed is in Fig. 14 to the segment 14i 4, the radius r and the cylinder center axis m drawn. Of importance is that each of the cylindrical segments 14i 1 . 14i 2 , 14i 3 , 14i 4 can be defined via its radius r, its cylinder center axis m and its cylinder length I.
  • the parameters m, r and l can vary for the individual segments.
  • the orientation of the cylinder center axis m varies as a function of the distance of the individual segment from the apex region S of the reflector 21 to the orientation of the tangent that can be applied to the reflector in the connection point or connection region 15 of the segment. This will be explained later.
  • the parallel light beam which strikes the segment 14i 1 is widened.
  • the four light beams exemplified have, with respect to the parallel incident light beams, different reflection angles ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , ⁇ 4 .
  • the number of segments along a column and the number of segments along a row are arbitrary. Also, the number of columns and the number of rows is arbitrary;
  • Fig. 15 shows in an enlarged, schematic representation of the reflector 21 of the lamp 10 according to the invention Fig. 2 ,
  • the cylindrical segments 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f, 14g, 14h, 14i, 14j, 14k, 14l, 14m, 14n arranged along a column are all shown.
  • the reflector 21 has a vertex region S and a peripheral region R, wherein the cross-sectional shape can be constructed using a parabola with the focal point F.
  • the reflector 21 is rotationally symmetrical with respect to its basic shape about the central longitudinal axis M.
  • the cylindrical segments must not be distributed rotationally symmetric.
  • connection region 15 is that region of a cylindrical segment with which the respective segment abuts the basic shape of the reflector.
  • the segment 14n has a connection region 15n, which is approximately in the vicinity of an intersection P n of the indicated cylinder axis m 4 with the parabolic basic shape of the reflector 21 is located.
  • a tangent T 4 can be applied to the outside 38 of the reflector 21.
  • the tangent T 4 is independent of any structure of the outer surface 38 of the reflector 21 in terms of their orientation, and corresponds to a tangent in the mathematical sense, which is applied to the mathematical curve that generates the basic shape of the cup-shaped curved reflector 21.
  • the outer contour 38 of the reflector 21 corresponds to almost the mathematically ideal parabolic curve that generates the basic shape of the reflector, or at least comes very close.
  • the angle between the cylinder axis m 4 and the associated tangent T 4 is in Fig. 15 denoted by ⁇ 4 .
  • ⁇ 4 denotes the so-called deviation means.
  • the segment 14 i closer to the segment 14 n is likewise fixed to the reflector 21 in its connection region 15 i .
  • the associated cylinder axis m 3 intersects the associated tangent T 3 at a deviation angle ⁇ 3 .
  • the particular feature according to the invention consists in the fact that the deviation angles ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , ⁇ 4 vary.
  • the mirror surface 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d, 16e, 16f, 16g, 16h, 16i, 16j, 16k, 16l, 16m, 16n, ie the reflecting surfaces OF, of the individual segments 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f , 14g, 14h, 14i, 14j, 14k, 141, 14m, 14n are differently inclined with respect to the longitudinal center axis M of the reflector 21.
  • the inclination of the mirror surfaces 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d, 16e, 16f, 16g, 16h, 16i, 16j, 16k, 16l, 16m, 16n can be selected according to the invention completely independently of the basic shape of the reflector 21.
  • an illumination of sidewall regions SE of a building space close to the ceiling D can be achieved by means of a corresponding steepness, preferably of the edges R of the reflector 21 near segments.
  • the adjustment or steepness of the cylindrical facets 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f, 14g, 14h, 14i, 14j, 14k, 14l, 14m, 14n is effected such that the cylinder axes m, m 1 , m 2 , m 3 , m 4 different deviation angles ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4 to the associated tangents T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , T 4 occupy.
  • the variation of the deviation angles does not necessarily have to follow prescribed laws, such as a law according to which the angle of deviation of the segments from the vertex S to the edge region R of the reflector increases.
  • the deviation angle can be varied as desired.
  • a determination of the variation of the deviation angles by optimizations in a simulation method is carried out until a desired illumination intensity distribution is achieved.
  • the teaching according to the invention also comprises luminaires 10 in which the segments near the vertex of the reflector 21 have larger angles of deviation than the segments near the edge R. Also, individual facets may have larger and different, possibly also adjacent segments, smaller deviation angles.
  • the representation of the tangents T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , T 4 according to Fig. 15 takes place only schematically.
  • the representation according to Fig. 15 does not take into account the actual wall thickness of the reflector.
  • a mathematical curve that best suits the arched basic shape of the reflector equivalent. In the embodiment of Fig. 15 and the Fig. 2 this curve is a parabola with focus F.
  • FIG. 15 Particularly clearly recognizable employment of the cylindrical facets can additionally or alternatively to one, in the embodiment of the Fig. 2 desired generation of a high illuminance in an upper side wall region, if desired, also an improved homogenization, ie homogenization, the illuminance distribution on a floor surface or other surface to be illuminated can be achieved.
  • the cylindrical segments 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f, 14g, 14h, 14i, 14j, 14k, 14l, 14m, 14n can with their mirror surfaces 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d, 16e, 16f, 16g, 16h, 16i, 16j, 16k, 161, 16m, 16n namely be made completely arbitrary, with the help of simulation programs, in particular using so-called ray-tracing methods, individually the employment of the facets - depending on the desired application - can be optimized.
  • cylindrical facets has proven to be an imperative requirement in the course of optimizing the illumination distribution.
  • the desired illuminance distributions can not be produced with exclusively spherically or aspherically curved segments, and also not with cylindrical segments.
  • the teaching according to the invention can be used particularly advantageously if, with a reflector that is parabolic in cross-section, an elliptical reflector with a cross-section in terms of its light distribution to be reproduced.
  • This embodiment shows Fig. 2 , The light rays emitted from the light source at the focal point F to the right all meet at a second focal point F2 outside the reflector.
  • cylindrical segments 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f, 14g, 14h, 14i, 14j, 14k, 141, 14m, 14n which are arranged on the inner side 30 of the substantially parabolic reflector 21, the radiation behavior of a mimic or replicate substantially elliptical reflector, wherein the reflector parabolic in cross-section 21 allows a much smaller installation depth or installation width, as they would require an elliptical reflector.
  • Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of a reflector 21, in which only a along the circumferential angle ⁇ extending portion of the inner surface 30 of the reflector with cylindrical segments 14n 1 , 14n 2 , 14n 3 , 141, 14m, 14n. is occupied, whereas a partial area TE of the inner surface 30 of the reflector, approximately along the circumferential angle ⁇ segment-free and thus formed substantially smooth.
  • the embodiment of Fig. 4 is intended to illustrate that depending on the application differently sized and different numbers of subregions of the inner surface 30 of the reflector 21 may be occupied with cylindrical segments. It should also be noted at this point that one subregion of the reflector 21 can be occupied by cylindrical segments and another subregion by spherical segments or aspherically curved segments, or alternatively by segments having a planar surface.
  • Fig. 4a shows an embodiment of a reflector 21, in which the segments are arranged along annular rows.
  • the segments 14n 1 , 14n 2 and 14n 3 are arranged along an outermost row of segments and the segments 14i 1 , 14i 2 and 14i 3 are arranged along another, sixth outer row of segments.
  • the segments 14n, 14m 14l, 14k are arranged along a column of segments.
  • radii of curvature of the individual segments vary along a row.
  • the radii of curvature in an alternative embodiment along a row may also be constant. In this alternative embodiment, only the orientation of the cylinder axes changes.
  • Fig. 4b shows one opposite Fig. 4a modified embodiment of a reflector 21, in which along a circumferential angular range ⁇ 1 adjacent rows are circumferentially offset arranged. The remaining area of the reflector 21 of the Fig. 4b does not show this circumferential offset.
  • the circumferential offset of adjacent along an angular range ⁇ 2 in the reflector of Fig. 5 is occupied by rows of cylindrical segments, with two adjacent rows, for example the rows 17a and 17b or the rows 17b and 17c, each circumferentially offset by half a segment width from each other are arranged.
  • the embodiments of the Fig. 8 and 11 do not show this circumferential offset.
  • Fig. 5 Furthermore, it can also be seen that the rows 17a and 17c or the rows 17b and 17d do not show each other this circumferential offset. Each second row is thus formed circumferentially offset.
  • Fig. 4a and 4b further make it clear that the size of the surfaces UF can be chosen completely differently from row to row and also along a row. This is clear from the differently sized, brightly displayed areas in the Fig. 4a and 4b ,
  • Fig. 5 indicates that all cylinder axes m 1 , m 2 , m 3 , m 4 of the respective segments 14 b, 14 f, 14 i, 14 n are arranged at an acute angle to the longitudinal center axis M of the reflector 21.
  • Fig. 15 can also be seen that the closely located at the apex area S of the reflector segments, for example 14 b and 14 f have the segments a fairly small angle of 21 ° or 5 ° to the longitudinal central axis M, whereas the angle of the cylinder axis m 3 of the segment 14i almost 0 becomes.
  • the cylinder axis m 4 has a larger acute angle with respect to the longitudinal center axis M.
  • the deviation angle ⁇ 4 is about 43 °
  • the deviation angle ⁇ 2 is about 34 °.
  • Such angular deviations on the order of 5 ° of the cylinder axes to the associated tangents may be sufficient to produce significant changes in illuminance distribution.
  • mirror surfaces 16 of the individual segments 14 each extend parallel to the cylinder axes m. That's how it is Fig. 15 for example, clear mirror surface 16 of the segment 14 n n parallel aligned with the associated cylinder axis m. 4
  • Fig. 5 can, in particular when using the reflector 21 in a lamp 10 according to the invention in an arrangement according to Fig. 6 be illuminated at a ceiling-side installation, a bottom surface B and a wall surface SE.
  • Fig. 6 shows the course of numerous, exemplary light beams on the assumption that along the double arrow SE no building side wall is arranged, but only one floor surface is to illuminate. In fact, the light is used according to Fig. 6 for illuminating a side wall surface SE, which extends along the double arrow SE over, for example, a ceiling height of 3m.
  • Fig. 7 shows the illumination intensity distribution, which results on the side wall SE, approximately between the lower boundary UB and the upper limit OB.
  • On the x-axis is the width of the wall in millimeters, on the y-axis the height of the wall is called.
  • the longitudinal center axis of the reflector 21 of the lamp 10 according to the invention Fig. 6 is arranged.
  • One recognizes in Fig. 7 clearly a broad, evenly trained illuminance distribution.
  • the presentation of the Fig. 7 shows the illuminance distribution in a false color representation, wherein the illuminance decreases from the inside to the outside.
  • Fig. 7a shows an illuminance distribution of a lamp of the prior art, namely a conventional rotationally symmetrical flood reflector.
  • a flood reflector of the prior art has a rotational symmetry about the longitudinal central axis and a parabolic cross-section.
  • the inner surface is substantially smooth, ie formed facet-free or segment-free.
  • a similar illumination intensity distribution can also result if spherically curved facets are arranged on the inside of a flood reflector.
  • Fig. 7a shows an illuminance distribution on the same scale as Fig. 7 Assuming that such a luminaire of the prior art in a mounting situation in accordance with Fig. 7 is installed on the ceiling side. It is clear that with the lamp according to the invention using a reflector according to Fig. 5 , as out Fig. 7 results, a much more uniform, further upward and broader illuminance distribution results.
  • An illuminance distribution according to Fig. 7 can not be achieved with exclusively spherical or aspherical or otherwise oriented cylindrical facets.
  • To achieve a luminous intensity distribution according to Fig. 7 requires cylindrical facets, which are employed according to the teaching of claim 1.
  • Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of a lamp 10 according to the invention, which can be used for example as a downlight or as a spotlight. In both applications, the lamp 10 is used to illuminate a bottom surface B and a side wall SE.
  • Fig. 8 shows in a representation according to Fig. 5 a further embodiment of a reflector 21 of a lamp according to the invention.
  • the reflector is essentially rotationally symmetrical with respect to its basic shape about its central longitudinal axis M.
  • the radii of curvature of the cylindrical segments do not vary along a facet row.
  • Fig. 9 schematically illustrates the beam path based on some exemplary light rays
  • the lamp 10 is mounted on the ceiling D and a floor surface B is to illuminate.
  • Fig. 9 shows the arrangement in an arrangement shown rotated by 180 °.
  • Fig. 10 shows accordingly the illumination intensity distribution of the lamp 10 according to Fig. 9 on the bottom surface B. It can be seen that a substantially rotationally symmetrical illuminance distribution is achieved, which is almost constant along a large area, circular area.
  • Fig. 11 shows a further embodiment of a reflector design according to the invention for a luminaire according to the invention, in which the radii of curvature of the cylindrical facets vary along a row of facets.
  • the cylindrical segments are employed according to the teaching of the invention, so that the cylinder axes different Have deviation angles to the associated tangents.
  • a lamp according to the invention using a reflector according to Fig. 11 can a substantially oval trained illuminance distribution according to Fig. 13 be achieved.
  • a sculpture can be illuminated, so that an insert of the reflector 21 according to Fig. 11 as a sculpture radiator is made possible.
  • Fig. 11 can be dispensed with the use of separate sculpture lenses.
  • the reflector according to the invention is preferably made of an aluminum blank, ie a substantially circular disc of aluminum, by pressing.
  • Fig. 22 shows in a very schematic representation of the aluminum blank 23, which rests on a vertex area SW of a tool mold 22. The tool mold 22 and the aluminum blank 23 rotate together about the longitudinal center axis M. The required drive is not shown.
  • a pusher tool comprises a pusher head or pusher 24, eg a rotatable wheel, and two lever arms 25 and 26 which are pivotally mounted about pivot axes 39 and 40, respectively, at a fixed attachment point 41.
  • the pusher head 24 moves outwardly from the center ZE of the aluminum ridge 23 in the radial direction of the arrow 28, and constantly rests on the upper surface OS of the aluminum ridge 23 and applies thereto a large pressing force in the direction of the arrow 27, ie in the axial direction.
  • the manner in which a pressing force is exerted by the pusher 24 on the upper side OS of the aluminum ridge 23 is arbitrary and not shown.
  • the pusher head 24 constantly presses the respective edge of the aluminum ridge 23 against the outside 29 of the tool mold 22 during the pressing process. It can follow the contour of the outer surface 29 both in the axial direction of the arrow 27 and in the radial direction of the arrow 28. This is possible by means of the pivotable lever arms 25 and 26. It should be noted that the spinning tool with the pressing head 24 and lever arms 25, 26 may also have a completely different basic shape, which only has to be ensured that the pusher head 24 can exert 27 pressing forces in the axial direction and can dodge in the radial direction 28.
  • Fig. 22 Based on a situation according to Fig. 22 presses the pusher head 24 with rotating tool mold 22 and together with the mold 22 rotating aluminum blank 23, the blank along the outer edges of the mold 22, so that the cup-shaped curved basic shape of the reflector 21, for example according to Fig. 15 results.
  • the previously described cylindrical segments are incorporated as a geometrically inverted structure IF in the outer contour 29 of, for example, made of a hard steel mold 22, for example, incorporated by laser engraving.
  • the outer contour 29 has in cross section, for example, a sawtooth-like structure.
  • Fig. 15b results, the structure on the outside 29 of the mold 22 has impressed after completion of the pressing operation in the inside 30 of the reflector 21.
  • a tool mold 22 which consists of several parts that can be displaced relative to one another.
  • the tool mold consists of a middle part 31, a left edge part 32 and a right edge part 33.
  • the middle part 39 is tapered upwardly and displaceable in the axial direction of the arrow 27 and in the opposite direction. It can be moved in this way wedge-shaped between the two edge portions 32 and 33 and moved out of these.
  • the two edge portions 32 and 33 are at least along a small displacement path radially in the direction of arrows 28a and 28b displaced as soon as the Mitteilteil 31 a corresponding movement space for the edge portions 32 and 33 releases.
  • the edge portions 32 and 33 form with the central part 31 a continuous outer contour 29 which is intended to press on the inner surface 30 of the reflector 21.
  • the retracted state according to Fig. 15b is the central part 31 relative to the outer parts 32 and 33 with respect to Fig. 15b been shifted down. Due to the conical shape of the middle part 31, the wall parts 32 and 33 can be displaced radially inward, which is indicated by the radial arrows 28a and 28b.
  • the edge portions 32 and 33 are biased radially inwardly, for example by spring elements, not shown.
  • Figs. 15c and 15d show a further embodiment of a tool 22 according to the invention, as in a representation along the section line XVc-XVc in Fig. 15a , It is clear that this tool mold 22 consists of five parts, wherein in addition to the above-described edge portions 32 and 33 and the middle portion 31 now further edge portions 34 and 35 are arranged.
  • this embodiment of a tool mold 22 first the middle part 31 moves transversely to the paper plane of the observer, starting from a position according to FIG Fig. 15c away from the observer, so that subsequently the edge portions 34 and 35 can perform a radial inward movement along the arrows 28c and 28d.
  • edge portions 32 and 33 can perform a radial displacement inwardly along the arrows 28a and 28b.
  • the resulting movement space 36 then allows an axial movement of the entire tool mold 22 with the edge parts 32, 33, 34 and 35 and the central part 31, so that the tool mold 22 is completely detachable from the interior of the reflector 21 out.
  • Fig. 16 shows another tool mold 22 with three tool parts x, y and z, each having a 120 ° circumferential region. Again, a representation is made in plan view, similar to the representation of Fig. 15c , wherein the reflector 21 in Fig. 16 not shown. Fig. 16 shows that only a circumferential angular range z is occupied by concave-cylindrical or inverted facets IF for producing cylindrical, undercut facets on the corresponding inner side 30 of the reflector 21.
  • the remaining tool mold parts x and y are formed substantially smooth continuous, ie free of elevations or depressions.
  • a radial movement of the moldings must be allowed. This can be done by comparing the FIGS. 16 and 18 For example, take place in that the tool part z performs a radial movement relative to the fixed tool parts x and y along the radial arrow 28e. While Fig. 16 For example, shows the state of the tool mold 22, which takes the tool shape during the pressing process shows Fig. 18 the radially retracted state of the tool part z after performing a pressing operation for the purpose of demolding the mold from the finished shaped reflector 21st
  • Fig. 17 Extend the three tool parts x, y and z radially outward, so that there is a, indicated by the double arrows spacing.
  • the tool parts x, y and z of the mold 22 are after Fig. 17 in the extended state, wherein the clarified by the double arrows column are closed by an unillustrated closure member or a plurality of closure members, so that these columns do not press on the inside 30 of the reflector 21.
  • demolding can, starting from a state according to Fig. 17 a retraction movement of the three parts x, y and z be accomplished, so that a state according to Fig. 16 is reached, in which the tool mold 22 can be removed from the reflector 21 out.
  • a mold 22 of the Fig. 19 It is indicated that the displaceable parts 32, 33 of the tool mold 22 can also perform a pivotal movement about a pivot axis 37 located in the region of the foot of the tool mold 22.
  • a pivot axis 37 located in the region of the foot of the tool mold 22.
  • the mold 22 according to Fig. 20 is the pivot axis 37 in the head region of the two edge portions 32 and 33rd
  • FIGS. 19 and 20 indicate that a corresponding outer contour 29 of the mold 22 for achieving undercut facets 14 on the inner side 30 of the reflector 21 can also be provided only along a partial area of the outer contour 29 of the tool mold 22, only those parts or segments of the multipart mold 22 of a radial displacement require, which are provided for generating undercut facets 14.
  • the embodiments of the show 15a to 15d in that projections VO or inverted facets IF can also be arranged along the entire outer surface 29 of the tool mold 22, which can produce undercut facets on the inner side 30 of the reflector 21.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
EP08013156.8A 2007-07-26 2008-07-22 Leuchte zur Ausleuchtung einer Gebäudefläche Not-in-force EP2019253B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007035396A DE102007035396B4 (de) 2007-07-26 2007-07-26 Leuchte

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EP2019253A2 EP2019253A2 (de) 2009-01-28
EP2019253A3 EP2019253A3 (de) 2012-11-21
EP2019253B1 true EP2019253B1 (de) 2013-06-05

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EP (1) EP2019253B1 (zh)
KR (1) KR20090012102A (zh)
CN (1) CN101373050A (zh)
AU (1) AU2008203047A1 (zh)
DE (1) DE102007035396B4 (zh)
SG (1) SG149768A1 (zh)

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DE102007044963B4 (de) 2007-07-26 2013-03-28 Erco Gmbh Leuchte
DE202008002018U1 (de) 2008-02-13 2009-07-02 Erco Gmbh Leuchte zur Ausleuchtung von Gebäudeflächen
DE102008009013B3 (de) * 2008-02-13 2009-08-20 Erco Gmbh Leuchte und Reflektorelement, insbesondere zur Ausleuchtung von Gebäudeflächen
DE202008017184U1 (de) 2008-11-06 2010-04-08 Erco Gmbh Leuchte
DE102008056103A1 (de) 2008-11-06 2010-05-12 Erco Gmbh Leuchte
DE102008063370B4 (de) 2008-11-06 2011-11-10 Erco Gmbh Leuchte
DE102009007490A1 (de) * 2009-02-05 2010-08-12 Zumtobel Lighting Gmbh Reflektorbaukastensystem
DE102009012210A1 (de) 2009-03-11 2010-09-16 Erco Gmbh Reflektor für eine Leuchte u.a.
DE102009025629A1 (de) 2009-06-17 2010-12-23 Erco Gmbh Leuchte
DE102009049301A1 (de) 2009-10-13 2011-05-05 Erco Gmbh Leuchte
DE202009013887U1 (de) 2009-10-13 2011-02-24 Erco Gmbh Leuchte
DE102013001160A1 (de) 2012-02-29 2013-08-29 Acl Lichttechnik Gmbh Reflektor für eine Leuchte und Verfahren und Vorrichtung zu seiner Herstellung
DE102012223584B4 (de) 2012-12-18 2018-08-02 Automotive Lighting Reutlingen Gmbh Kraftfahrzeugleuchte
EP3086026A1 (en) * 2015-04-24 2016-10-26 Ledil Oy A device for modifying light distribution
CN105953178A (zh) * 2016-05-27 2016-09-21 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 一种led灯的聚光装置及形成该聚光装置的方法
KR20180097877A (ko) * 2017-02-24 2018-09-03 엘지이노텍 주식회사 발광모듈 및 이를 구비한 조명 시스템
US11378255B2 (en) 2018-09-03 2022-07-05 Signify Holding B.V. Reflector and a starting sheet material, for forming a reflector

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JPH0562651A (ja) * 1991-08-30 1993-03-12 Toshiba Lighting & Technol Corp ミラー付光源
JP2512363B2 (ja) * 1992-01-06 1996-07-03 株式会社小糸製作所 車輌用灯具の反射鏡及びその金型作製方法
DE4413370A1 (de) * 1994-04-19 1995-10-26 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Reflektorglühlampe
JP3734941B2 (ja) * 1997-10-14 2006-01-11 株式会社小糸製作所 車輌用標識灯
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DE102004042915B4 (de) 2004-09-02 2011-04-14 Erco Gmbh Leuchte zur Ausleuchtung von Gebäudeflächen oder Gebäudeteilflächen

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DE102007035396B4 (de) 2011-04-14
DE102007035396A1 (de) 2009-01-29
AU2008203047A1 (en) 2009-02-12
CN101373050A (zh) 2009-02-25
EP2019253A2 (de) 2009-01-28
SG149768A1 (en) 2009-02-27
EP2019253A3 (de) 2012-11-21
KR20090012102A (ko) 2009-02-02

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