EP2011125A1 - Baukörper, insbesondere für strahlenschutzbauwerke - Google Patents
Baukörper, insbesondere für strahlenschutzbauwerkeInfo
- Publication number
- EP2011125A1 EP2011125A1 EP07728406A EP07728406A EP2011125A1 EP 2011125 A1 EP2011125 A1 EP 2011125A1 EP 07728406 A EP07728406 A EP 07728406A EP 07728406 A EP07728406 A EP 07728406A EP 2011125 A1 EP2011125 A1 EP 2011125A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- building
- radiation protection
- protection material
- ceiling
- formwork elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/12—Laminated shielding materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F3/00—Shielding characterised by its physical form, e.g. granules, or shape of the material
- G21F3/04—Bricks; Shields made up therefrom
Definitions
- the invention relates to a building, in particular for radiation protection structures, with at least one base plate and at least one wall section and / or at least one ceiling section.
- Generic structures are primarily used in the field of industry, medicine and research application and are always used when it is to be prevented that radiation, for example, caused by particle accelerator or medical radiation equipment leaves a defined space.
- DE 103 27 466 A1 proposes to produce the structure in sandwich construction, wherein a layer of the corresponding building parts of radiation protection material and at least one further layer of (steel) concrete is produced.
- Such a construction has various advantages, in particular in the form of lower construction costs. Both in conventional structures, as well as in structures that are manufactured in reinforced concrete sandwich construction, but the geometry of the finished structure must be known before completion of the individual components. Subsequent changes or the structure of the building elsewhere are possible, but can mean a relatively large effort.
- the at least one wall section and / or the at least one ceiling section consists of at least two formwork elements of metal, plastic and / or wood and an intermediate layer of radiation protection material.
- the individual formwork elements can be produced inexpensively and very flexibly.
- the corresponding building parts in the use of steel or a high-strength plastic due to the high stability of the shuttering material used a relatively small wall thickness compared to building parts made of concrete or reinforced concrete.
- the individual components can be made very flexible. While the use of concrete only allows the production of formwork elements with substantially planar surfaces, the components according to the invention may have almost any geometric shape, so that individually tailored to the present conditions structure can be produced.
- the formwork elements are connected to the base plate and / or further formwork elements by means of detachable connections, in particular screwed, hooked and / or plugged together.
- a welding of the individual sections is of course conceivable.
- the proposed type of connection a particularly high flexibility of the structure is achieved. Their geometry can be adapted at any time by an appropriate combination of the individual sections of the present requirements. For this purpose, only the corresponding connections between the respective formwork elements must be solved.
- the formwork elements themselves can then be dismantled way back and, if necessary, again arranged to each other and interconnected, whereby almost any geometry of the structure can be realized.
- the individual formwork elements can also find other uses after a dismantling of the building, since they, in contrast to formwork elements made of concrete, must not be destroyed.
- connection is formed by, in particular angular, struts.
- the struts are expediently connected to more than two formwork elements of the wall and / or ceiling sections and span them, whereby the stability of the structure can be additionally increased.
- connection comprises profiles, in particular omega profiles
- profiles in particular omega profiles
- the profiles merely have to be pushed onto the corresponding adjacent profilings of the said areas and subsequently ensure a secure and easily detachable connection.
- the formwork elements have a substantially wave-shaped profile. As a result, their stability can be significantly increased compared to flat plate-shaped formwork elements. This ultimately leads to a considerable material and thus cost savings in the production of the building.
- standard components such as conventional steel sheet piles, find use, which can also be reused after a dismantling of the building and elsewhere.
- the formwork elements surrounding the radiation protection material are connected to one another, in particular by means of detachable tie rods arranged transversely to their longitudinal extent. As a result, the stability of the corresponding components can be significantly increased, which is essential especially for thick components with a high proportion of radiation protection material.
- the tie rods are conveniently screwed or welded to the adjacent formwork elements. Additionally or alternatively, the formwork elements may also have recordings, with which the tie rods are connected by a plug and / or spline connection. The tie rods can of course also be hung only in appropriate recordings.
- the tie rods have in a particularly advantageous embodiment, a Z, T or U-profile, whereby a particularly high stability can be ensured with the lowest possible cost of materials.
- the wall sections and / or ceiling sections have standardized dimensions.
- building structure can be created in the manner of a modular system in a particularly simple manner.
- the production of the corresponding sections and their transport is considerably simplified, which is not least reflected in lower costs.
- the wall sections and / or the at least one ceiling section have a constant thickness, the individual sections can be combined as desired.
- the type of radiation protection material varies within the structure, in particular as a function of the type of radiation and / or radiation intensity, the radiation conditions within the individual areas of the structure can be individually considered, whereby the wall thickness of the individual sections can be kept constant. A subsequent adaptation of the shielding effect of the respective components is thereby anytime possible.
- the radiation protection material must be replaced at the appropriate location of the building only by a radiation protection material adapted to the current radiation conditions. An exchange of the entire building part is therefore no longer necessary.
- the radiation protection material contains minerals which, on account of their petrographic properties, in particular their atomic number and / or specific gravity, are suitable as radiation protection material. Consequently, a wide variety of materials can be used. The selection of the radiation protection material can thus be selected on the one hand according to the radiation to be shielded, and on the other hand also according to the materials available at the construction site. As a result, economic aspects can also be taken into account. Thus, for example, the use of conventional gravel made of limestone (CaCOs) is conceivable, if this is correspondingly simple and / or inexpensive procurable. Also, materials such as barytes or iron ore have proven excellent because of their high specific gravity.
- CaCOs gravel made of limestone
- the radiation protection material contains water.
- the radiation protection material is easy to handle. Water damage, caused by any leaks in the components, can also be easily avoided.
- the radiation protection material comprises natural unburned calcium sulfate dihydrate. Due to the low cost and its high Water-binding capacity is suitable for natural gypsum in a special way as a radiation protection material. Of course, so-called REA gypsum can also be used.
- the radiation protection material comprises a bed of set granulated gypsum.
- Such gypsum is not only easier to transport, but also very easy to process. The above-mentioned advantages with regard to radiation shielding are retained.
- the radiation protection material is compacted. As a result, the homogeneity of the corresponding material is significantly increased. In addition, it can be avoided that cavities arise within the components which would significantly reduce the radiation shielding effect.
- the bearing comprises at least one elastic material, at least one spring element and / or at least one impact element.
- damper The type of damping can be selected depending on the size of the building or the expected shrinkage and / or vibration of the environment. Of course, combinations of different damper elements are possible. Likewise, constructions are conceivable which absorb the introduced energy by friction.
- the wall sections in the region of an input opening are arranged relative to one another in such a way that a labyrinth-like access results, then it can be advantageously prevented that the radiation leaves the building structure.
- an entry is proposed in which a radiation-shielding and thus complex construction for closing the entrance opening can be dispensed with.
- the labyrinthine access is advantageously produced in such a way that the wall sections adjacent to the inlet opening are arranged offset from one another such that there is always a part of at least one wall section in the beam path of the radiation source, so that the leakage radiation can not strike the door leaf directly.
- the at least one ceiling section is fastened to transverse and / or longitudinal members, in particular detachably, whereby the transverse and / or longitudinal members are at least partially supported on the wall sections.
- the mentioned carriers offer a simple possibility of supporting the at least one ceiling section, which can have a high weight by means of corresponding radiation protection material, without supporting the use of supporting pillars.
- transverse and / or longitudinal beams in the ceiling area of the building stable attachment points available. These can serve, for example, to receive a cargo crane or to attach other equipment necessary for the operation of the radiation source and / or the structure.
- the carriers can each lie alone on the corresponding wall sections.
- a building according to the invention with at least one floor slab delimiting a floor and / or ceiling slab is characterized in that it has a building structure with the features described above.
- the building is integrated in such a way in the bottom plate and / or the ceiling plate of the structure that the surface the base plate with the surface of the bottom plate and / or the surface of the ceiling portion with the surface of the ceiling plate form a substantially flat surface.
- the base plate and / or the ceiling portion of the building not only take over the function of the radiation shield, but also serve as an integral part of a floor limiting floor and / or ceiling panel of the building. If two or more structures are to be accommodated in superimposed floors of the building, it is thereby also possible to use the ceiling portion of the lower structure as the base plate of the upper structure.
- the base plate has interfaces for later attachment of the formwork elements. These recordings can be screwed, for example, in the form of angles with the base plate, which serve the subsequent attachment of the formwork elements. Of course, any other interfaces, such as recordings for connectors or metal plates are conceivable, can be welded to the later formwork elements of the building or mounted in a comparable manner. It is advantageous if the base plate is recessed in the bottom plate. In this way, the base plate, including the interfaces already at completion of the building in this be integrated without this unnecessarily footprint of the building is occupied. If the integration of a building according to the invention within the building at a later date desired, it can be built in a simple manner on the sunk in the bottom of the building base plate.
- the interfaces and / or the base plate is covered by at least one cover layer, so that the surface of the cover layer forms a substantially flat surface with the surface of the bottom plate of the building.
- the cover layer can be made of a variety of materials, such as screed, wood or a similar easily removable material. It may be advantageous if a separating layer is integrated between the cover layer and the base plate, which simplifies the release of the cover layer.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 are sectional views of structures according to the invention
- 3 shows a sectional view of a building according to the invention with an elastically mounted base plate
- FIGS. 4 to 6 sectional views of structures according to the invention, integrated into a building
- FIGS. 7 to 13 plan views of structures according to the invention.
- FIG. 14 shows a schematic plan view of a wall section
- FIG. 15 connection types of adjacent formwork elements
- FIG. 16 shows a perspective view of strut-connected formwork elements
- Figure 17 is a further sectional views of a building according to the invention.
- Figure 1 shows a sectional view of a building 1 according to the invention with a base plate 2 and inner shuttering elements 3a and outer shuttering elements 3b made of metal, especially steel.
- the formwork elements 3a, 3b on the left side of the building 1 are connected via angle elements 16 by means of screws, not shown, with the base plate 2.
- Such angle elements 16 can of course also be located at the contact points between wall section 8 and ceiling section 9 or in the corner regions of two adjacent wall sections 8.
- a radiation protection material 5 Between the inner and outer formwork elements 3a, 3b is a radiation protection material 5.
- the consisting of shuttering elements 3a, 3b and intervening radiation protection material 5 components are used to shield radiation 15 inside the building 1 by a radiation source, for example a linear accelerator 6, he- is witnessed.
- the shuttering elements 3a, 3b are connected to each other by means of transverse to their longitudinal extension of the tie rods 7. These can be screwed or welded to the formwork elements 3a, 3b. Also not shown receptacles in the formwork elements 3a, 3b are conceivable, in which the tie rods 7 are merely hung. Furthermore, as many different connectors can be used. In the same way, the shuttering elements 3a, 3b are also connected to the base plate 2, which may also have special receptacles for this purpose.
- FIG. 2 shows a comparable building structure 1, but two different radiation protection materials 5a, 5b are used.
- the individual radiation distribution within the building 1 can be taken into account. If the radiation 15 emitted by the radiation source, for example, primarily horizontal, it is expedient to fill the wall sections 8 with a radiation protection material 5a, which ensures a high radiation shield, while within the ceiling section 9, a radiation protection material 5b can be used, the only minor requirements the radiation shield must meet. By this adjustment, the cost of the building 1 can be further reduced.
- the radiation protection materials 5a used individual wall sections 8 may have different properties, wherein the radiation protection material used 5a, 5b may also alternatively or additionally within a wall section 8 and / or ceiling section 9 vary according to the present conditions.
- a subsequent replacement of the radiation protection material 5 a, 5 b is of course conceivable and possible in a simple manner by the inventive structure of the building 1. While the inner formwork element 3a of the ceiling section 9 closes the wall sections 8 in FIG. 1 towards the top, FIGS. 2 to 6 each show ceiling sections 9, whose inner formwork element 3a is substantially flush with the inner formwork elements 3a of the wall sections 8.
- both variants can be realized as needed.
- Figure 3 also shows a building according to the invention 1.
- the base plate 2 is elastically mounted.
- a layer of elastic material 11 which in turn is surrounded by a skirt 4, the However, only the lateral boundary or storage of the elastic material 11 is used.
- the elastic material 11 itself can be selected according to the expected vibrations or vibrations from a variety of materials.
- Conceivable for example, a wide variety of plastics (elastomers), rubbers or other known in the art damping materials.
- damping elements such as springs, shock absorbers or elements that absorb vibrations due to friction, find use.
- FIGS. 4 to 6 show various possibilities for integrating the structure 1 according to the invention into a structure, for example a radiation protection structure. While the building 1 according to FIG. 4 is arranged directly between the floor slab 12 and the ceiling slab 13 of a floor, the building structure 1 in FIG. 5 is sunk into the floor slab 12 of the floor such that the surface of the base slab 2 of the building structure 1 is flush with the surface the bottom plate 12 of the building forms a flat surface. The ceiling portion 9 of the building 1 also penetrates the ceiling plate 13 of this floor and also forms a flat surface with this ceiling plate 13. Depending on the height of the construction Body 1, it is of course also possible to integrate the building 1 according to Figure 6 only in the bottom plate 12 of the building.
- FIGS. 7 to 13 each show plan views of structures 1 according to the invention. All of the structures 1 have at least two formwork elements 3, a linear accelerator 6 and an entrance area which is equipped with a door unit 14 movably mounted.
- the radiation 15 emitted by the linear accelerator 6 only has a defined scattering range in the exemplary embodiments shown, which is characterized by a wave-shaped shading.
- a radiation protection material 5 is located in each case in the area in which the radiation 15 strikes the wall sections 8 of the building structure 1.
- the corresponding areas can be separated from the remaining areas of the wall sections 8 in which no radiation protection material 5 is located be partitioned by a partition, so that the radiation protection material 5 is assigned a physical boundary on all sides.
- the formwork elements 3 also have in the area of the door units 14 an L-shaped configuration, so that the emitted radiation 15 is effectively prevented from leaving the building 1, if the door units 14 during operation of the linear accelerator 6 should not be closed. If necessary, the formwork elements 3 associated with the entrance area can also be arranged offset from one another in such a way that a labyrinth-like access results.
- FIGS. 7 to 13 further show, building blocks 1 of very different geometries can be produced by the construction according to the invention.
- the formwork elements 3 in the example of Figure 9 for example flattened corner areas.
- metal, plastic and / or wood as formwork element 3 of course, any other geometry with, for example, curved surfaces is conceivable. This results in design options that were not possible in the conventional construction of the building 1 made of concrete or reinforced concrete.
- FIG. 14 shows a schematic plan view of a wall section 8, the formwork elements 3 of which have an essentially wave-shaped profile.
- 3 can be used as formwork elements conventional sheet piling, which can be reused even after a dismantling of the building 1.
- these areas can be provided as needed with appropriate, not shown panels.
- external deep beads can be closed by welded or bolted metal sheets and also filled with radiation protection material 5.
- the deep corrugations can alternatively be provided with non-positively attached normal or heavy concrete in order to achieve a static reinforcement and additional radiation protection.
- FIG 15 two possible types of connection of adjacent formwork elements 3 are shown, in which additional means, such as screws or rivets, can be dispensed with.
- the edges of one side of the formwork elements 3 have a fold 17. If the opposite side edge of the corresponding adjacent formwork element 3 has a corresponding hook shape 18, then both formwork elements 3 can simply be hooked to one another, whereby but easy to solve connection results.
- the corresponding edges of both formwork elements 3 have a hook shape 18, over which a plurality of so-called omega profiles 19 are pushed from above or as required.
- the individual shuttering elements 3 By assembling the individual shuttering elements 3, these can have a defined width which, for example, corresponds to the permissible width of a truck. The costs and time for their transport can thereby be significantly reduced. In this case, several formwork elements 3 can already be connected at the production site to a transport unit, which are then assembled on site.
- Figure 16 shows two rear and the sake of clarity, only a front formwork element 3. These are plate-shaped, of course, the following also applies to profiled formwork elements 3.
- the formwork elements 3 themselves are connected via indicated screw 20 with Z-shaped longitudinal struts 21 with each other. It goes without saying that the screw 20 can also be replaced by welded or riveted joints.
- the longitudinal struts 21 are in turn connected in the same way with likewise Z-shaped transverse struts 22, which act as tie rods 7 and whose length corresponds to the distance of the opposite formwork elements 3. This results in a particularly torsionally rigid and thus pressure and tensile strength connection of corresponding formwork elements 3.
- the profile of the individual struts may differ from the shape shown.
- T- or U-shaped struts are by no means excluded as long as they have the required stability.
- the length of the longitudinal struts 21 can also be chosen arbitrarily.
- the longitudinal struts 21 are to be arranged according to Figure 16.
- the downwardly pointing legs of the Z-profile are always on the side of the adjacent formwork element 3. If radiation protection material 5 is filled from above between the formwork elements 3, this can reliably distribute itself below the entire longitudinal strut 21.
- FIG. 1 a cross-section of a building 1 according to the invention is shown in FIG.
- This has two lateral, one not shown front and one rear wall portion 8, each consisting of inner formwork elements 3a, outer formwork elements 3b and intervening radiation protection material 5.
- wall section 8 longitudinal beams 23 are supported.
- the longitudinal members 23 are in turn connected to the load transverse distribution cross member 24, which, however, do not have to protrude above the lateral wall portions 8 as in the example shown.
- the inner formwork elements 3a of the ceiling section 9 rest, on the one hand, on the formwork elements 3a, 3b of the lateral wall sections 8.
- they are connected to the longitudinal members 23, for example by means of screw 20.
- the base plate 2 essentially has the floor plan of the building walls and is laid on the floor plate before the construction of the building.
- the base plate may be composed of a plurality of individual plates, which are placed on the bottom plate and, for example, under-poured. The formwork elements can then be attached to the base plate laid in this way.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US79463606P | 2006-04-25 | 2006-04-25 | |
| PCT/EP2007/053949 WO2007122215A1 (de) | 2006-04-25 | 2007-04-23 | Baukörper, insbesondere für strahlenschutzbauwerke |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2011125A1 true EP2011125A1 (de) | 2009-01-07 |
| EP2011125B1 EP2011125B1 (de) | 2017-01-25 |
Family
ID=38124083
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07728406.5A Not-in-force EP2011125B1 (de) | 2006-04-25 | 2007-04-23 | Baukörper für strahlenschutzbauwerke |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7989787B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2011125B1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2618313T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2007122215A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8995604B2 (en) | 2009-11-05 | 2015-03-31 | Holtec International, Inc. | System, method and apparatus for providing additional radiation shielding to high level radioactive materials |
| EP2572360A4 (de) * | 2010-05-18 | 2015-12-16 | Veritas Medical Solutions Llc | Kompakte und modulare partikelanlage mit geschichteten barrieren |
| JP5843492B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-17 | 2016-01-13 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 放射線遮蔽方法及び構造体の処理方法 |
| JP6322359B2 (ja) * | 2012-10-30 | 2018-05-09 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | 放射線遮蔽壁、放射線遮蔽壁の施工方法及び放射線遮蔽壁の修復方法 |
| GB2597896B (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2023-06-07 | Nordson Corp | Binder permeated ionizing radiation shielding panels, method of construction of ionizing radiation shielding panels and an x-ray inspection system |
| CN108766608B (zh) * | 2018-08-14 | 2024-07-02 | 中国核工业华兴建设有限公司 | 一种核电站屏蔽墙sc分形结构 |
| JP6656440B1 (ja) * | 2019-02-04 | 2020-03-04 | 株式会社安藤・間 | 放射化抑制構造、及び壁体管理方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH543161A (de) | 1972-02-28 | 1973-10-15 | Kowol Gmbh | Bauelement, insbesondere für strahlengefährdete Räume und Gegenstände |
| GB2117964B (en) | 1982-04-02 | 1985-10-16 | Amersham Int Plc | Radiation shielding bricks |
| DE3227883A1 (de) | 1982-07-26 | 1984-02-02 | Deutsche Gesellschaft für Wiederaufarbeitung von Kernbrennstoffen mbH, 3000 Hannover | Einrichtung zum schutz von langgestreckten gebaeuden, insbesondere von gebaeuden fuer wiederaufarbeitungsanlagen und deren komponenten und systeme |
| US5416333A (en) * | 1993-06-03 | 1995-05-16 | Greenspan; Ehud | Medium density hydrogenous materials for shielding against nuclear radiation |
| CZ2001618A3 (cs) * | 1998-08-21 | 2002-03-13 | Framatome Anp Gmbh | Ochranný beton proti záření a ochranný pláą» proti záření |
| DE10120368B4 (de) | 2001-04-25 | 2010-05-27 | Jan Forster | Gebäude oder Gebäudeteil sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und Abbau |
| US8139705B2 (en) * | 2002-08-01 | 2012-03-20 | Gsi Helmholtzzentrum Für Schwerionenforschung Gmbh | Screened chamber for ion therapy |
| DE10327466B4 (de) | 2003-01-13 | 2008-08-07 | Jan Forster | Baukörper für Strahlenschutzbauwerke |
| DE102004052158A1 (de) | 2004-09-24 | 2006-04-06 | Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH | Mehrschichtiger Strahlenschutzbaukörper |
| DE102004063185A1 (de) | 2004-10-18 | 2006-04-20 | Jan Forster | Baukörper aus Gipsbausteinen und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gipsbausteins |
-
2007
- 2007-04-23 US US12/297,257 patent/US7989787B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-04-23 ES ES07728406.5T patent/ES2618313T3/es active Active
- 2007-04-23 WO PCT/EP2007/053949 patent/WO2007122215A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2007-04-23 EP EP07728406.5A patent/EP2011125B1/de not_active Not-in-force
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2007122215A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20090278063A1 (en) | 2009-11-12 |
| US7989787B2 (en) | 2011-08-02 |
| WO2007122215A1 (de) | 2007-11-01 |
| EP2011125B1 (de) | 2017-01-25 |
| ES2618313T3 (es) | 2017-06-21 |
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