EP1985459A2 - Fabrication de formes d'impression à héliogravure - Google Patents

Fabrication de formes d'impression à héliogravure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1985459A2
EP1985459A2 EP08405113A EP08405113A EP1985459A2 EP 1985459 A2 EP1985459 A2 EP 1985459A2 EP 08405113 A EP08405113 A EP 08405113A EP 08405113 A EP08405113 A EP 08405113A EP 1985459 A2 EP1985459 A2 EP 1985459A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
zinc
outer layer
alloy
powder
gravure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP08405113A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1985459A3 (fr
Inventor
René Dr. Hartmann
Andreas Dr. Brockelt
Rolf Mathys
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daetwyler Global Tec Holding AG
Original Assignee
MDC Max Daetwyler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MDC Max Daetwyler AG filed Critical MDC Max Daetwyler AG
Publication of EP1985459A2 publication Critical patent/EP1985459A2/fr
Publication of EP1985459A3 publication Critical patent/EP1985459A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
    • B41C1/00—Forme preparation
    • B41C1/02—Engraving; Heads therefor
    • B41C1/04—Engraving; Heads therefor using heads controlled by an electric information signal
    • B41C1/05—Heat-generating engraving heads, e.g. laser beam, electron beam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
    • B41N1/00—Printing plates or foils; Materials therefor
    • B41N1/04—Printing plates or foils; Materials therefor metallic
    • B41N1/06—Printing plates or foils; Materials therefor metallic for relief printing or intaglio printing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
    • B41N1/00—Printing plates or foils; Materials therefor
    • B41N1/16—Curved printing plates, especially cylinders
    • B41N1/20—Curved printing plates, especially cylinders made of metal or similar inorganic compounds, e.g. plasma coated ceramics, carbides

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a gravure printing form, which is suitable for the formation of Receptor cups by means of laser beams and which consists of at least one base body and a metallic outer layer. Further, the invention relates to a gravure form and a method for producing a printing cylinder.
  • the surface layers of the intaglio printing plates are subject to the highest demands in terms of homogeneity and freedom from pores, because the cell structures to be engraved have typical dimensions of 2 to 50 ⁇ m depth and 40-150 ⁇ m diameter. Irregularities in this size range would inevitably be transferred to the printed image.
  • a suitable method for producing high-quality surface layers for gravure printing forms is the galvanic or electrochemical deposition of the metallic coatings from an electrolyte bath.
  • surface layers produced in this way necessarily have a layer structure. Therefore, the surface layers usually have one or more additional layers of a harder metal than copper, for example chromium, which improve the mechanical strength of the surface layer.
  • the production of such layer structures is complicated because the individual layers must be applied in several successive coating operations in different electrolyte baths. This also requires relatively large and technically complex Coating systems.
  • the resulting chemical waste products which are both gaseous, liquid and solid, usually toxic and therefore expensive to dispose of. Further, because coating rates are limited due to various physico-chemical conditions, electrochemical deposition is a relatively expensive process.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a process associated with the aforementioned technical field, which allows a cost-effective and technically simple production of high-quality and durable gravure printing plates.
  • the metallic outer layer is applied to the base body by a powder-based spraying method.
  • Powder-based spraying methods are suitable for applying qualitatively perfect metallic outer layers to a base body of a gravure printing form.
  • Powder-based spraying processes in the sense of the invention include all coating processes in which a coating material is present in powder form in the initial state and is sprayed onto a workpiece to be coated, such as, for example, a main body of a gravure printing die. These are, for example, the processes known per se from coating technology for other applications, such as plasma spraying, high-speed flame spraying (HVOF), powder flame spraying, laser spraying, detonation spraying or cold gas spraying.
  • HVOF high-speed flame spraying
  • Such methods were previously used only for coating in the field of wear or erosion protection of components without special requirements for the microstructure of the coating.
  • Powder-based coating processes have the significant advantage that both pure metals and multi-component mixtures of metals and / or other chemical substances can be deposited.
  • the mixing ratio of the individual components can be chosen freely within a wide range, whereby the chemical composition of the metallic outer layer of the gravure forms can be adapted to desired requirements. This is only possible to a limited extent with the conventional galvanic methods.
  • the powder-based coating processes are suitable for the first-time production of intaglio printing plates. Likewise, however, the preparation of gravure forms already used in printing is possible.
  • a cold gas spraying method has been found.
  • the starting materials in particular metallic solids
  • the starting materials are accelerated to supersonic speed in the form of a powder by a process gas and injected onto the base body.
  • the molecules or atoms of the process gas are initially under a high pressure of up to 40 bar and are accelerated by an expansion, for example in a Laval nozzle, to multiple supersonic speeds.
  • the starting materials are then the accelerated process gas mixed in and carried away by this, whereby they reach a high kinetic energy and move towards the main body.
  • Upon impact of the starting materials on the body these are plastically deformed, with the starting materials with the main body or the already deposited starting materials, in particular to form metallic bonds, connect.
  • a dense and well adhering to the body outer layer is formed.
  • the process gas used for acceleration is preferably nitrogen and / or helium.
  • the process gas before expansion a temperature of at most 800 ° C, preferably at most 450 ° C, on. Due to the increased temperature, the energy losses of the gas during the adiabatic expansion can be partially compensated.
  • process gases may be used, which are advantageously inert gases, such.
  • argon or krypton acts to prevent reaction of the gases with the starting materials.
  • the powder used in the starting materials consists of particles having a particle size of 5-50 ⁇ m. It has been shown that it is possible to produce sufficiently homogeneous metallic outer layers which can be structured in accordance with the requirements of gravure printing. Larger grains can also be used, but the process gas may need to be accelerated more to achieve sufficient momentum transfer, which is less economical. Also, when using larger grains may require a more complex mechanical aftertreatment to produce a sufficiently fine surface roughness, which is also at the expense of cost-effectiveness. Smaller grains can also be used.
  • the method according to the invention has proven to be very suitable for use as a metallic outer layer a layer containing zinc or a zinc alloy, in particular with at least one metal from the series nickel, copper, tin and / or titanium, apply. Since the mixing ratio between zinc and the other metals can be controlled within a wide range due to the powder-based spraying methods, it is thus possible to produce zinc-based outer layers with almost arbitrarily concentrated alloy components.
  • printing cylinders can be produced for gravure applications in an efficient and economical process.
  • a gravure form is produced as described above and in a second process step, screen cavities are engraved into the gravure form with a laser beam.
  • an outer layer can be produced which is both laser-capable (that is to say suitable for forming sieve cups by means of laser beams) and also capable of printing. It is therefore unnecessary for conventional cylinder surfaces (copper, zinc, etc.) necessary hard chrome plating the engraved cylinder to create a durable printing surface.
  • the production of the printing cylinder can thus be much easier, faster and therefore cheaper.
  • intaglio printing plates with outer layers which consist of an alloy of zinc with at least one other metal, in particular from the series nickel, copper, tin and / or titanium, or contain such an alloy, have optimal properties in many respects.
  • outer layers very smooth and geometrically well-defined sieve cups can be engraved by means of laser beams.
  • outer layers show a very good oxidation resistance and mechanical strength.
  • alloys consisting essentially of zinc and nickel have ideal properties with respect to the requirements of intaglio printing. From other technical fields, it is known that zinc-nickel alloys have hardnesses of up to 400 HV, which is significantly above the maximum value of 150 HV for pure zinc layers. (See, for example, BB Gysen, Application of zinc-nickel alloys as cadmium replacement for the corrosion protection of high-strength steels ", dissertation, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of the University Dortmund, 2000). In addition, such zinc-nickel alloys also have good oxidation resistance. Thus, zinc-nickel alloys are harder compared to pure zinc, but at the same time can still be very well structured by laser beams. This makes it possible to engrave gravure forms after applying the outer layer with laser beams and then use directly in the printing unit. A subsequent and complex hard chrome plating, which is indispensable in the currently known outer layers to achieve economic print runs, thus eliminates.
  • the alloy advantageously contains at least 33%, preferably at least 50%, particularly preferably at least 60%, zinc.
  • This amount of zinc ensures that the outer layer has sufficient coupling efficiency with respect to the laser beams and that crater or ejection formation during laser engraving is best prevented.
  • Lower amounts of zinc are also possible, but lead to a reduced coupling efficiency of the laser light and less satisfactory quenching cups, which may be a post-processing of the outer layer may be required. Both effects make the production of gravure printing forms less economical.
  • the alloys preferably contain 10 to 70%, in particular 20 to 40%, nickel. This achieves the best possible mechanical strength of the outer layers. Higher concentrations of nickel lead to a reduced coupling efficiency of the laser light, which is less economical as mentioned above.
  • alloys which are formed as dense layers firmly adhering to the base body are particularly suitable for gravure applications.
  • more precise printing forms can be produced on the one hand, and high print runs of several 100'000 copies are possible on the other hand.
  • the intaglio printing plates described above can be produced with outer layers which contain an alloy of zinc with at least one further metal using any suitable coating technique. It has been shown that the powder-based Injection method, in particular the cold gas spraying method, are ideally suited for this, since they guarantee the formation of high-density and pure outer layers, as stated above in more detail.
  • FIG. 1 a cold gas spraying device is shown schematically in cross section.
  • a heating chamber 2 in this case has a gas inlet 2.1, via which a pressurized acceleration gas 1 can be conducted into the heating chamber 2.
  • the heating chamber has internally a plurality of heating coil 2.3, which allow heating of the accelerating gas 1.
  • a gas outlet 2.2 is arranged, which is connected via a hose connection, not shown, (indicated by the zig-zag line) to the inlet 3.1 of a spray nozzle 3.
  • the spray nozzle 3 has internally a nozzle channel 3.2, which connects the inlet 3.1 with an outlet 3.4.
  • the nozzle channel 3.1 is only conically tapered from the inlet 3.1 in the direction of the outlet 3.4 and then designed conically widening.
  • In the conically widening part of the nozzle channel 3.2 opens a hole 3.3.
  • the bore 3.3 is connected on the outside of the spray nozzle 3 via a hose 4.1 only partially shown with a Pulverzu 1500vorraum 4, which contains metallic solids 4.2 in powder form.
  • a Pulverzu 1500vorraum 4 which contains metallic solids 4.2 in powder form.
  • pressurized acceleration gas 1 which was heated in heating chamber 2, now enters injection nozzle 3 via inlet 3.1, accelerating gas 1 is accelerated to a multiple speed of sound due to the nozzle geometry and emerges from nozzle 3 in the form of a supersonic nozzle nozzle 3.
  • Gas jet 10 off.
  • the metallic solids 4.1 which are conveyed into the nozzle channel 3.2, are entrained or accelerated by the supersonic gas jet 10 and sprayed in the direction of a base body 5 to be coated.
  • the metallic solids 4.2 Upon impact of the metallic solids 4.2 on the base body 5, the metallic solids 4.2 are plastically deformed, with the metallic solids 4.2 with the main body 5 or the already deposited metallic solids 4.2, in particular to form metallic bonds, connect.
  • a dense and well adhering to the body 5 outer layer which consists of the metallic solids 4.2, formed.
  • Example 1 Zinc outer layer produced by cold gas spraying
  • a zinc layer of 300 microns was applied as an outer layer on the body of the gravure cylinder. It has been shown that 85% of the zinc powder 4.1 removed from the powder feed device 4 was present as part of the outer layer of the gravure cylinder.
  • the zinc layer produced on the gravure cylinder was examined by standard surface analysis techniques, revealing that the zinc layer had sufficient homogeneity, density, and surface roughness for gravure applications.
  • Example 2 Nickel outer layer produced by cold gas spraying
  • Example 2 a pure nickel powder having a particle size in the range between 10-45 microns was used.
  • the cold gas spraying process was carried out as described in Example 1, wherein a nickel layer with a thickness of 150 microns was deposited on a gravure cylinder as the base body.
  • Example 3 Titanium outer layer produced by cold gas spraying
  • Example 2 Instead of the zinc powder described in Example 1, a pure titanium powder was used with a particle size in the range between 10 - 45 microns. The cold spraying process was carried out as described in Example 1, wherein a titanium layer with a thickness of 200 microns was deposited on a gravure cylinder as the base body.
  • Example 4 Zinc-nickel outer layer produced by cold gas spraying
  • Example 2 a mixture of zinc powder and nickel powder, both with a particle size of 10-45 microns in the Pulverzu Foodvorraum 4 was submitted. Zinc accounted for 65% and nickel for a share of 35% before.
  • the cold gas spraying process was carried out as described in Example 1, wherein a zinc-nickel alloy with a thickness of 300 microns was deposited on a gravure cylinder as a base body.
  • cold gas spraying device is to be understood only as a possibility of such a device.
  • a differently shaped spray nozzle can be used, which allows the generation of a supersonic gas jet.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
EP08405113A 2007-04-23 2008-04-22 Fabrication de formes d'impression à héliogravure Withdrawn EP1985459A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH6702007 2007-04-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1985459A2 true EP1985459A2 (fr) 2008-10-29
EP1985459A3 EP1985459A3 (fr) 2009-07-29

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EP08405113A Withdrawn EP1985459A3 (fr) 2007-04-23 2008-04-22 Fabrication de formes d'impression à héliogravure

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0473973B1 (fr) 1990-09-04 1995-11-29 MDC Max Dätwyler Bleienbach AG Procédé pour le traitement de plaques d'impression intaglio

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4262034A (en) * 1979-10-30 1981-04-14 Armotek Industries, Inc. Methods and apparatus for applying wear resistant coatings to roto-gravure cylinders
DE9305806U1 (de) * 1993-04-19 1993-06-09 Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt Druckwalze mit einer Hülse aus thermisch gewickelten faserverstärkten Thermoplasten und einer plasmagespritzten Kupfer- oder Kupferlegierungsbeschichtung
DE4315813A1 (de) * 1993-05-12 1994-11-17 Hoechst Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von Druckwalzen aus einem metallischen Kernzylinder und einer Kupfer- oder Kupferlegierungsauflage
DE4344692A1 (de) * 1993-12-27 1995-07-06 Hoechst Ag Thermisches Auftragsverfahren für hydrostabile Schichten auf hydrophoben Substraten und Verwendung so beschichteter Substrate als Trägerkörper für Offsetdruckplatten
US20040029048A1 (en) * 2000-11-15 2004-02-12 Jakob Frauchiger Method for the production of screen cavities in a rotogravure form and base body applicable in said method
US20090301328A1 (en) * 2005-12-23 2009-12-10 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organinsation Manufacture of printing cylinders

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0473973B1 (fr) 1990-09-04 1995-11-29 MDC Max Dätwyler Bleienbach AG Procédé pour le traitement de plaques d'impression intaglio

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
B. GYSEN: "Anwendung von Zink-Nickel-Legierungen als Kadmiumersatz zum Korrosionsschutz hochfester Stähle", DISSERTATION, FAKULTÄT MASCHINENBAU DER UNIVERSITÄT DORTMUND, 2000

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