EP2576863B1 - Procédé de réalisation d'une couche par injection de gaz froid et utilisation d'une telle couche - Google Patents

Procédé de réalisation d'une couche par injection de gaz froid et utilisation d'une telle couche Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2576863B1
EP2576863B1 EP11723054.0A EP11723054A EP2576863B1 EP 2576863 B1 EP2576863 B1 EP 2576863B1 EP 11723054 A EP11723054 A EP 11723054A EP 2576863 B1 EP2576863 B1 EP 2576863B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
particles
substrate
cold gas
workpiece
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP11723054.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2576863A1 (fr
Inventor
Axel Arndt
Christian Doye
Oliver Stier
Raymond Ullrich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication of EP2576863A1 publication Critical patent/EP2576863A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B05D1/12—Applying particulate materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
    • C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a layer which is resistant to abrasive wear, for example particle erosion, on a workpiece by cold gas spraying.
  • particles are accelerated towards the surface of the substrate to be coated and remain attached to the substrate at the point of impact.
  • a layer sprayed with cold gas is produced, the invention furthermore relating to the use of such a porous layer.
  • a cold gas spraying system which has a gas heating device for heating a gas.
  • a stagnation chamber is connected to the gas heating device and is connected on the outlet side to a convergent-divergent nozzle, preferably a Laval nozzle.
  • Convergent-divergent nozzles have a converging section and an expanding section which are connected by a nozzle neck. On the output side, the convergent-divergent nozzle generates a powder jet in the form of a gas stream with particles therein at high speed, so that the kinetic energy of the particles is sufficient for them to adhere to the surface to be coated.
  • a layer resistant to abrasive wear is, for example, by RS Lima et al., "Microstructural Characteristics of Cold-Sprayed Nanostructured WC-Co-Coatings", Thin Solid Films 416 (2002), pp. 129-135 described.
  • the wear of such a hard layer depends primarily on how hard the particles are in the abrasive medium. If the abrasive medium itself has a hardness similar to that of WC, wear protection layers containing WC also show a comparatively high abrasive wear. From the EP 1 921 181 A1 describes a method of applying abrasive material to a seal base material to form an abradable seal with a low abrasive wear resistance between rotating and stationary components of turbines, using cold gas spraying to control the density, porosity and thickness of the seal layer.
  • US 2007/0240603 A1 discloses a coated member on which a porous metal coating layer is formed and a method of manufacturing the same.
  • a model study of powder particle size effects in cold spray deposition (D. Helfrich and V. Champagne) an experimental model of the effect of powder size on the deposition efficiency in a cold spray process is presented.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a layer which is resistant to abrasive wear and can be used to produce layers which have a comparatively high abrasive wear resistance.
  • the particles made of Zn and / or Sn and / or Cu and / or an alloy containing at least one of these metals as the main component.
  • the speed of the particles hitting the substrate is adjusted so that the layer formed from these particles is porous and the grain size of the layer structure essentially corresponds to the particle size.
  • the pores that form in the structure of the layer thus lie exactly between the particles, while the shape of the particles is largely retained by adjusting the process parameters during cold gas spraying.
  • the comparatively high porosity of the coating result creates a loose metal structure, so to speak, with the selected metals exhibiting ductile behavior.
  • the permanent layer is subsequently stressed, for example, by particle erosion, there is first a plastic deformation of the particles in the layer, which leads to a solidification of the structure and a reduction in its porosity, but ensures that the attack by the abrasive Particles only a small material removal of the layer can be observed.
  • the stress on the permanent layer by the particles can therefore be described as a type of micro-forging, the plastic deformation of the particles in the structure of the permanent layer leading to the fact that material removal is largely avoided.
  • the particles have an average particle size of 2 to 5 ⁇ m.
  • Particle size in the sense of the invention is to be understood as the mean diameter of the particles, which can be determined statistically by known methods. Particles that are not round also have such an average diameter so that their particle size can be specified.
  • the choice of relatively fine particles advantageously leads to a microporosity of the layer, so that it can withstand the particle erosion particularly effectively by plastic deformation of the porous particle composite according to the mechanism described above.
  • an adhesion promoter layer in particular a layer of Ni, is applied to the substrate before the layer is applied, said layer holding the layer in place by forming common diffusion zones or intermetallic phases.
  • This measure in particular also enables the permanent layer to be applied to substrates which in themselves form a poor substrate for the selected metals. The permanent layer with good adhesion can then be deposited on the adhesion promoter layer, which itself adheres well to the substrate.
  • a porous cold gas sprayed layer which consists of Zn and / or Sn and / or Cu and / or an alloy containing at least one of these metals as the main component, as a protective layer on a workpiece to be protected against abrasive wear, with between the cold gas sprayed particles are pores.
  • a porous cold gas sprayed layer which consists of Zn and / or Sn and / or Cu and / or an alloy containing at least one of these metals as the main component, as a protective layer on a workpiece to be protected against abrasive wear, with between the cold gas sprayed particles are pores.
  • the path taken here is that a comparatively soft, ductile layer is used as the resistant layer against abrasive wear and not a hard wear protection layer, whereby the surprising effect is exploited that a soft, ductile layer prevents the attack by the abrasive Medium can evade through plastic deformation, which is why a layer removal is advantageously reduced.
  • the workpiece consists of a metal or a metal alloy that is more noble than the material of the particles.
  • the metal or the metal alloy of the workpiece in the electrochemical series of voltages should have a larger standard hydrogen electrode potential than the material from which the particles are made.
  • the layer according to the invention simultaneously represents a so-called cathodic corrosion protection for the substrate. Even if the layer should be completely removed at some points on the workpiece due to the progressive abrasive wear, so the injured layer continues to provide corrosion protection, since this then acts as a sacrificial anode. In other words, electrochemical attack of the workpiece is prevented by the base metal of the layer dissolving, thereby protecting the material of the workpiece.
  • the Figure 1 the mechanism of how the layer 13 reacts to stress caused by an abrasive particle 16 can also be seen schematically. This plastically deforms the stressed particles 14, at the same time closing the pores between these particles. There remains a depression 17 in the form of a crater or scratch, but here the layer material is not or only barely removed, but avoids the stress caused by the abrasive particle 16 with plastic deformation.
  • HZO paint zinc dust superfine from Norzinco GmbH with particle sizes between 2 and 5 ⁇ m a stable layer was produced by cold gas spraying.
  • the surface produced can be Figure 2 or 5.
  • the particles 14 can still be seen on the surface, and pores between the particles can also be seen.
  • the layer surface produced was treated by sandblasting, using corundum with an average particle size of 120 ⁇ m. How Figure 3 6, the first corundum particles 16 cause the surface strips, scratches 18, which create depressions 17, as in Figure 1 are shown schematically.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Procédé de production d'une couche (13) apte à résister à l'usure par abrasion sur une pièce (11) utilisée comme substrat, par pulvérisation au gaz froid, dans lequel les particules (14) sont accélérées vers la surface à revêtir du substrat et restent collées au substrat au point d'incidence, les particules (14) étant en zinc et/ou en Sn et/ou en Cu et/ou en au moins un alliage contenant l'un de ces métaux comme constituant principal,
    dans lequel on règle les paramètres de la pulvérisation au gaz froid, de manière à ce que les particules arrivent sur le substrat à une vitesse telle que la couche qui se forme soit poreuse et que la granulométrie de la texture de couche corresponde sensiblement à la dimension des particules, et
    dans lequel
    les particules (14) ont une dimension moyenne de 2 à 5 µm.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1,
    caractérisé
    en ce qu'avant le dépôt de la couche, on dépose une couche (12) d'agent adhésif, notamment une couche en Ni, sur le substrat, qui retient la couche (13) par formation de zones de diffusion communes ou de phases intermétalliques.
  3. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé
    en ce que la pièce (11) est en un métal ou un alliage de métal, qui est plus noble électrochimiquement que le matériau des particules (14).
EP11723054.0A 2010-05-31 2011-05-31 Procédé de réalisation d'une couche par injection de gaz froid et utilisation d'une telle couche Active EP2576863B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010022597A DE102010022597A1 (de) 2010-05-31 2010-05-31 Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Schicht mittels Kaltgasspritzen und Verwendung einer solchen Schicht
PCT/EP2011/058919 WO2011151313A1 (fr) 2010-05-31 2011-05-31 Procédé de réalisation d'une couche par injection de gaz froid et utilisation d'une telle couche

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2576863A1 EP2576863A1 (fr) 2013-04-10
EP2576863B1 true EP2576863B1 (fr) 2020-03-18

Family

ID=44146518

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11723054.0A Active EP2576863B1 (fr) 2010-05-31 2011-05-31 Procédé de réalisation d'une couche par injection de gaz froid et utilisation d'une telle couche

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8993048B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2576863B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102010022597A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011151313A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010022597A1 (de) 2010-05-31 2011-12-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Schicht mittels Kaltgasspritzen und Verwendung einer solchen Schicht
AU2011279561B2 (en) * 2010-07-15 2014-02-13 Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation Surface treatment
DE102012211440A1 (de) * 2011-10-21 2013-04-25 Mahle International Gmbh Kolben
EP2669399B1 (fr) 2012-06-01 2016-10-12 Oerlikon Metco AG, Wohlen Palier ainsi que procédé de pulvérisation thermique
JP5535280B2 (ja) * 2012-07-23 2014-07-02 株式会社不二機販 溶接用チップの強化方法及び溶接用チップ
DE102012023210A1 (de) * 2012-11-28 2014-05-28 Wieland-Werke Ag Kupferband zur Herstellung von Leiterplatten
DE102019205961B3 (de) * 2019-04-25 2020-10-15 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Bauteil für eine Radaufhängung eines Fahrzeugs

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DE19747386A1 (de) * 1997-10-27 1999-04-29 Linde Ag Verfahren zum thermischen Beschichten von Substratwerkstoffen
US6365222B1 (en) * 2000-10-27 2002-04-02 Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation Abradable coating applied with cold spray technique
US6706319B2 (en) * 2001-12-05 2004-03-16 Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation Mixed powder deposition of components for wear, erosion and abrasion resistant applications
CA2378993C (fr) * 2002-03-26 2007-12-18 National Research Council Of Canada Methode de revetement par acousto-immersion pour le magnesium et ses alliages
WO2005079209A2 (fr) 2003-11-26 2005-09-01 The Regents Of The University Of California Procedes de traitement de pistolage a froid pour la production de couches de materiaux nanocristallins
KR20050081252A (ko) * 2004-02-13 2005-08-18 고경현 다공성 금속 코팅 부재 및 저온 분사법을 이용한 그의제조 방법
DE102004043914A1 (de) * 2004-09-10 2006-03-16 Linde Ag Gleitlagerbauteil mit einer aufgebrachten Schicht aus Lagermetall und Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer Schicht aus Lagermetall
US7479299B2 (en) * 2005-01-26 2009-01-20 Honeywell International Inc. Methods of forming high strength coatings
SG141297A1 (en) 2006-09-11 2008-04-28 United Technologies Corp Method for processing titanium alloy components
EP1903127A1 (fr) * 2006-09-21 2008-03-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fabrication des composants par pulvérisation de gaz à froid et composant de turbine
US8192792B2 (en) 2006-10-27 2012-06-05 United Technologies Corporation Cold sprayed porous metal seals
US8147982B2 (en) * 2007-12-19 2012-04-03 United Technologies Corporation Porous protective coating for turbine engine components
DE102009036407A1 (de) 2009-08-06 2011-02-10 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Abreibbarer Schaufelspitzenbelag
EP2500399B1 (fr) 2009-11-10 2018-05-30 Denka Company Limited Procédé de production de beta-sialon et dispositif électroluminescent utilisant ce dernier
DE102010022597A1 (de) 2010-05-31 2011-12-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Schicht mittels Kaltgasspritzen und Verwendung einer solchen Schicht

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Title
D HELFRITCH ET AL: "A Model Study of Powder Particle Size Effects in Cold Spray Deposition", 1 December 2008 (2008-12-01), XP055579986, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8a89/5ecf63333374a21d8cf6cd802904da307a5f.pdf> *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20130142950A1 (en) 2013-06-06
EP2576863A1 (fr) 2013-04-10
WO2011151313A1 (fr) 2011-12-08
US8993048B2 (en) 2015-03-31
DE102010022597A1 (de) 2011-12-01

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