Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D24/00—Special deep-drawing arrangements in, or in connection with, presses
  • B21D24/04—Blank holders; Mounting means therefor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
  • B21D22/20—Deep-drawing
  • B21D22/22—Deep-drawing with devices for holding the edge of the blanks

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for deep drawing metal sheet by means of a press, a table, a drawing die, and a drawing die and cooperating with the drawing die counter-pressure plate, which together form a flow path for the metal sheet, wherein at least one relative to the platen movable drawing strip across the flow path of the metal sheet is pushed to redirect the metal sheet during a drawing phase - first deflection - and the pull bar for a stop phase is pushed another piece across the flow path - second deflection -, wherein during the second deflection a further increased deflection the flow of the metal sheet 8, and wherein the metal sheet is substantially plastically deformed at the end of the deep drawing operation.
• the flow path is a drawing gap formed between the drawing die and the counterpressure plate.
• the metal sheet slips through this drawing gap, being inhibited by the pressure of the counter-pressure plate.
• the invention relates to a deep-drawing device for metal sheets with a table, a drawing punch, a press, a drawing die, a counter-pressure plate, a plurality of pull strips which are parallel to the pressing direction with the press movable in the
• Counterpressure plate are mounted, and provided with at the edge of the drawing die
• Drawing grooves in which the drawing strips are gradually hineinbewegbar while maintaining a drawing gap, wherein for the purpose of stepwise deformation of the metal sheet a drawing phase is provided, during which the metal sheet a drawing bead with less
• Sick depth receives and at least one stop phase is provided while the Metal sheet receives a stop bead, which has a greater bead depth than the draw bead.
• the counter-holding devices can be designed in various ways, preferably the counter-holding force is applied hydraulically or by spring force.
• Press and retainer provide the forces needed for forming.
• a deep drawing apparatus is needed which has individual forming tools, such as drawing dies and drawing dies, as well as individual means of controlling the flow of material.
• a generic method for deep-drawing metal sheets and a deep-drawing device is known from US 6,276,185 B1.
• the material flow is controlled with two pull strips, which are arranged symmetrically to a drawing punch.
• the pull strips are pushed transversely into the flow path of the metal sheet to meter the flow of material.
• This first deflection stage is maintained until the lower ends of the pull strips, which protrude freely from a counter-pressure plate, strike a table. From this point on the drawing strips are pushed further across the flow path of the metal sheet, whereby the flow process is further inhibited.
• thermoforming device A disadvantage of this prior art is the lack of variability of the thermoforming device.
• the known thermoforming device can be retrofitted or adjusted only with great effort, if the adjustment of the adjustment is necessary.
• Another thermoforming device is known from DE 199 53 751 A1. This proposes pull bars to be moved via mechanical transmissions or hydraulic circuits, but it is not intended to push the pull bars for a pull phase and a stop phase in two steps across the flow path.
• the measures known from DE 199 53 751 A1 for driving the drawing strips are complicated and prone to damage and therefore appear especially for mass production, as z. B. present in the automotive industry, little suitable.
• the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method for deep drawing of metal sheets, which ensures an exact repeatable deflection of the flow path of the metal sheet during a drawing phase, with a simple and quick adjustability value is set to vary the degree of deflection, if a fine adjustment z. B. during wear of the tool or when changing the material properties is necessary.
• the object is achieved by a method in which the required during the first deflection level degree of deflection is adjusted by means of an exchangeable spacer which is disposed between the platen and the pull bar and serves as a stop.
• Pulling strips are usually arranged in sections around a metal sheet around and form a kind of frame that controls the pulling movement of the metal sheet. According to the new method, the extent to which the pull bar protrudes into the flow path of the metal sheet, set by a fixed stop. Since the spacer is very easily replaceable, that spacer can be changed if a different level is required by which the pull bar must traverse the flow path of the metal sheet.
• thermoforming tool a fine adjustment of the deep-drawing tool even when pressing a batch, usually a steel roll (coil), are performed, since the time required is low and thus the production downtime is limited. But even if a readjustment is necessary because z. B. another deep-drawn part made of a different material in the same thermoforming tool to be produced, for. B. from another, firmer or softer steel grade, the conversion of the thermoforming tool can be done quickly and easily. This mainly plays a role in the platform strategy in automotive companies, where different vehicles are built on the same platform, d. H. the shape of the corresponding deep-drawn parts is the same, while the strength adjustment of the deep-drawn parts to the respective vehicle on the selection of different materials is done, in particular, here are the most diverse high-strength steels.
• the pull bar according to the invention may be a one-piece or a multi-part pull bar, wherein the multi-part pull bar has a carrier and at least one drawing tool, which is exchangeably received in the carrier.
• the pull bar is detachably mounted in the counter-pressure plate. It can be quickly removed in this way to replace the spacer arranged underneath.
• spacers are provided with different distance measure, which can be used optionally. With each spacer an individual measure of the deflection of the metal sheet is achieved.
• a development of the method provides that a pressure pin is provided between the table and pull bar, that the pressure pin is shorter than the distance between the table and pull bar during the drawing phase of each other, wherein the distance is reduced during the drawing phase and at the end of the drawing phase or Beginning of the stop phase of the pressure pin is clamped between the table and pull bar, whereby the pressure pin a compressive force in the moves movable pull bar and the pull bar is lifted from serving as a stop for the pull bar spacer, whereby the pull bar is moved to the second deflection.
• the flow of the metal sheet in the flow path is delayed.
• the second deflection stage can cause an inhibition of the drawing process, which is so great that the metal sheet is stopped by the deflection and is transformed only plastically by continuing the deep drawing process.
• the second deflection phase starts sooner or later depends on the extension of the pressure bolt by the spacers.
• a long pushpin is more likely to get caught between the table and the pull bar than a short pushpin. In this way, it can be set how long the drawing phase lasts and when the stopping phase begins, wherein the relative movement of the pressure pin always begins at the same time.
• the end of the movement of the pull bar is reached when the counter-pressure plate has come into frictional contact with the table. This can be done by direct or indirect contact.
• the proposed method uses a pull bar, which can be variably used by combination with different spacers to individually tune the degree of deflection of the metal sheet during the drawing phase. In this way, different bead depths can be achieved without using a separate drive that would have to control the bead depth.
• the drive for the movement of the drawing strips from the first to the second deflection takes place by adhesion between the table, pressure pin and pull bar. From then on, the stop phase begins, during which the pull bar is pushed further through the flow path of the metal sheet.
• a deep-drawing device wherein for the purpose of setting the bead depth of the pulling bead acting during the drawing phase at least one replaceable spacer is provided, and that the spacer between the platen and the pull bar acts.
• a pull bar may be a long tool, several spacers can be arranged side by side, which support the pull bar evenly. In this way, a bending of the pull bar is avoided.
• thermoforming device is further designed to allow a rapid conversion for the purpose of producing different drawn parts, the depth of which must be adjusted individually. It is important to arrange the distance to be exchanged for adjustment easily accessible between the removable pull bar and the counter-pressure plate.
• inventive solution emphasizes the robustness of the device.
• the proposed type of control of the movement of the pull bar is very low maintenance and easy to use and compared to the well-known from DE 199 53 751 A1 trouble-prone Ziehelfn thoroughlyung particularly reliable.
• a pressure pin is arranged and is with the pressure pin a compressive force between the table and the pull bar transferable.
• the pushpin is easily removable after removal of the pull bar for conversion to another drawn part to be produced. He can be replaced with a pressure pin, which has a different length.
• the thermoforming device is designed so that the pressure pin is clamped during the stop phase between the table and pull bar and pressure-free during the drawing phase, because the distance between the table and pull bar during the drawing phase is greater than the length of the pressure bolt.
• thermoforming device can be further improved if at least one spacer element is provided, which is arranged in addition to the pressure pin between the table and the drawing strip.
• the spacer is with
• the spacer element may be a spacer with a fixed distance measure. In this case, individual spacers are provided with different distance measure for different drawn parts made of different materials.
• an adjustable distance device may be provided, which does not need to be replaced, because the Distanzread the distance device is variable.
• an eccentric may be provided or a few spacer wedges, which allow by shifting against each other a variable distance dimension of the spacer device.
• the pressure pin is simply axially movably mounted in the counter-pressure plate, namely movable parallel to the pressing direction of the press.
• a pressure pin has at the end facing the pull bar on a radially projecting retaining collar whose diameter is larger as a bearing bore of the counter-pressure plate, in which the pressure pin is straight. In this way, the pressure pin is suspended in the counter-pressure plate. The pressure pin can be moved from this position in the counter-pressure plate in the direction of the pull bar. This happens when the lower end of the pressure pin strikes the table, namely a direct or indirect adhesion to the table is formed.
• a further improvement provides that at least one spacer element between the table and the pull bar is arranged at both ends of the pressure bolt.
• spacers that are stepped in increments of 1 mm can be combined with other spacers that have stepped spacers in increments of 0.5 mm.
• the grading of spacers may also be much finer than steps of 0.5 mm and substantially coarser than steps of 1 mm.
• FIG. 1 shows a symmetry half of a deep-drawing device in section in the opened state
• FIG. 2 shows the deep drawing apparatus according to FIG. 1 during a drawing phase with a drawing strip pushed transversely through the flow path of a metal sheet
• FIG. 3 shows the deep-drawing device according to FIG. 1 during a stop phase at the end of the deep-drawing process
• 4 is an enlarged view of a thermoforming device with a directly between a pull bar and a table arranged pressure pin, the whole as an enlarged section
• FIG. 5 shows a side view of the deep-drawing device according to FIG. 4,
• FIG. 6 shows the thermoforming device according to FIG. 4 during a stop phase at the end of the thermoforming process with a pressure pin clamped between the drawing strip and the table;
• FIG. 7 shows a side view of the deep-drawing device in the position according to FIG. 6,
• FIG. 8 shows an enlarged detail of an alternative embodiment of a deep-drawing device in the stage of a drawing phase according to FIG. 2, FIG.
• FIG. 9 shows a side view of the deep-drawing device according to FIG. 8,
• FIG. 10 is a fragmentary sectional view of the thermoforming apparatus according to FIGS. 8 and 9 in the stage of a stopping phase at the end of the thermoforming process, FIG.
• FIG. 11 shows a side view of the thermoforming device according to FIG. 10,
• FIG. 12 is a fragmentary cross section through a deep drawing device with a spacer element which can be adjusted from outside the tool, connected in series with a pressure pin;
• FIG. 13 shows a deep-drawing device with a development of the spacer element according to FIG. 12,
• FIG. Fig. 14 is a partial cross-sectional view of a thermoforming device with a pressure bolt connected in series with adjustable spacer element, which is an eccentric.
• FIGS. 1 to 3 show a deep drawing process in several steps.
• the sectional views each show a symmetry half of a thermoforming device 1.
• the thermoforming device 1 has a table 2.
• a drawing punch 3 in addition to the drawing punch 3, a counter-pressure plate 4 is provided on the table 2, which directed away from the table can produce a counter-holding force.
• the thermoforming device on a drawing die 5.
• the drawing die 5 is arranged on a press 6, with which a pressure in the direction of the table 2 is effected.
• a pull bar 7 is arranged, which is movable transversely to the plane of a metal sheet 8 or transverse to a flow path F of the metal sheet 8 during the deep drawing operation.
• the flow path F is the path which, as shown in FIG. 2 between the drawing die 5 and the counter-pressure plate 4, extends orthogonally to the longitudinal extent of the drawing strip in the direction of the punch.
• the metal sheet 8 slips through this drawing as a flow path F drawing gap.
• thermoforming device 1 is shown in the open state.
• the drawing die 5 is arranged at a distance above the drawing die 3 and the counterpressure plate 4, so that a metal sheet 8 can be inserted into the deep drawing apparatus 1.
• the metal sheet 8 is initially only on the pull bar 7.
• the pull bar 7 projects to a certain extent from the counter-pressure plate 4. This measure is individually adjustable.
• Drawing die 5 is moved by the force of the press 6 in the direction of the table 2.
• the Counterpressure plate 4 is pressed in the direction of the drawing die 5 and transmits a holding force in the metal sheet 8. It approach the drawing die 5 and the counter-pressure plate 4 in synchronous movement to the table 2, while the metal sheet 8 is clamped.
• the pull bar 7 projects into a draw groove 9 provided in the draw die 5 and in this way effects a deflection of the flow path F of the metal sheet 8.
• the deflection of the metal sheet 8 shown in FIG. 2 by the pull bar 7 is bead-shaped and is intended to be in the sense of the invention be referred to as draw bead 10.
• the metal sheet 8 is pulled continuously through the draw bead 10.
• the end of the metal sheet 8 moves closer and closer to the pull bar 7 zoom.
• the counter-pressure plate 4 and the drawing die 5 are approaching more and more the table 2.
• thermoforming device 1 is constructed so that when lowering the counter-pressure plate 4, first a pressure pin 11 comes into contact with the table 2 and then with the pull bar 7. From this point, the drawing strip 7 is pushed deeper into the drawing groove 9 of the drawing die 5 to continue the thermoforming process, because the pressure pin 11 is clamped between the table 2 and pull bar 7. In other words, the pull bar 7 was lowered synchronously with the counterpressure plate 4 and the drawing die 5 during the drawing phase.
• thermoforming device 1 4 to 11 enlarged sections of two embodiments of a thermoforming device 1 are shown. Further exemplary embodiments are shown in FIGS. 12 to 14. All embodiments show a table 2, a counter-pressure plate 4, a pull bar 7 and pressure pin 11th
• FIGS. 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14, A drawing punch 3 and a drawing die 5 can only be seen in FIGS. 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14, while these are hidden in the other figures.
• the counter-holder 4 has a removable plate part 4a. This is easy to dismantle. When the plate member 4a is removed, the pull bar 7 can be taken out and replaced. In this way, the deep-drawing device 1 is particularly easy to convert, if other drawing parameters are set or the wear to be compensated.
• the pull bar 7 has a pull bar tool 7a and a pull bar support 7b for the pull bar tool 7a.
• the pull bar tool 7a is detachably connected to pull bar support 7b.
• the strip carrier 7b is slidably received in a recess 4b of the counter-pressure plate 4, namely parallel to the direction of movement of the drawing die 5 slidably.
• a guide pin 4c is mounted, which forms a sliding fit with a guide bore 7c of the pull bar support 7b.
• FIGS. 4 to 7 An embodiment of a deep-drawing device is shown in greater detail in FIGS. 4 to 7. This has a pressure pin 11, which is in direct contact with both the pull bar 7 and the table 2 during the stop phase. In operation, a head end of the pressure pin 11 comes into contact with the pull bar 7. A foot of the pressure pin 11 is seated with the table 2 when the stop phase of the deep drawing operation begins.
• FIGS. 4 and 5 belong to each other.
• Fig. 5 shows the same deep drawing apparatus 1 and the same stage of the deep drawing operation. In both illustrations, the pressure pin 11 in each case the same distance D to the table 2.
• a spacer 14 is provided, as shown in FIG.
• the bead depth of the draw bead can be varied.
• spacers can also be stacked to vary by changing the total thickness of a stack, the bead depth.
• the spacer 14 is arranged in the recess 4b of the counter-pressure plate 4. If the pull bar is inserted into the recess, it can not be lowered to the bottom of the recess, because the spacer 14 forms a stop. Depending on the thickness of the spacer 14, the pull bar projects beyond the level of the surface of the counter-pressure plate 4.
• the same deep-drawing device 1 as in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 is shown again in FIGS. 6 and 7. At this stage, the deep drawing process is completed.
• Fig. 6 shows a section of the thermoforming device 1.
• the drawing strip 7 can be seen in cross section.
• Fig. 7 shows the same stage of the deep-drawing process, but as a side view.
• the metal sheet 8 is completely pulled around the drawing punch 3.
• the previous distance D of the pressure pin 11 from the table 2 is shrunk to zero in FIG.
• the pressure pin 11 has first come into contact with the table 2. At the moment of this contact, there is still a gap between the Pressure pin 11 and the pull bar 7.
• the counter-pressure plate 4 further lowered and with her the pull bar 7 until the pull bar 7 abuts the pressure pin. This moment is the beginning of the stop phase of the drawing process.
• the counter-pressure plate 4 is further lowered until the distance G between the counter-pressure plate 4 and the table 2 has shrunk to zero, as seen in Fig. 7.
• the drawing strip 7 was pushed deeper into the drawing groove 9 of the drawing die 5.
• the associated Fig. 7 shows a side view of the thermoforming device 1.
• the deep-drawing process is in the same state as in Fig. 6.
• the spacer 14 has been lowered with the counter-pressure plate 4 and the drawing die 5.
• the pull bar 7, because the pull bar 7 can not be lowered further, a gap S emerged.
• the pull bar 7, since the moment when it rests on the pressure pin 11, has been prevented from further lowering.
• the pressure pin 11 forms when it rests on the table 2, a stop for the pull bar 7.
• the drawing phase is completed and begins the stop phase of the deep drawing process.
• the existing at the end of the stop phase measure of the gap S between spacer 14 and pull bar 7 corresponds to the path by which the pull bar 7 is moved from the beginning of the stop phase to the end of the stop phase in the drawing groove 9 of the drawing die 5.
• each two pressure pins 11 are shown side by side.
• a plurality of pressure bolts 11 may be provided side by side to support the pull bar 7 evenly.
• the spacer shown in FIGS. 5 and 7 must be replaced by a spacer of a different thickness.
• the distance D must be reduced to zero in the course of the drawing process first and also the distance K between the pressure pin 11 and Pull bar 7 to be zero.
• An earlier start of the stop phase can thus be achieved if at least one of the distances K or D is reduced. This can be done, for example, by using a longer pressure pin 11.
• the pressure pin 11 can be extended, with the purpose of reducing the dimension K or the dimension K remains and the pressure pin 11 is extended at the opposite end, with the purpose of reducing the dimension D. Of course, the pressure pin can also be extended at both ends.
• the stop phase on the other hand, can be changed by placing an additional spacer with the pressure pin 11 in series between the pull bar 7 and the
• FIGS. 8 to 11 each show the same thermoforming device.
• thermoforming device 8 and 9 belong together because they show the thermoforming device from two perspectives but at the same stage of the thermoforming process.
• the pull bar 7 can be seen, which has deflected the flow path F of the metal sheet 8, in which the metal sheet has been pressed into a drawing groove 9 of the drawing die 5.
• the pressure pin 11 of the thermoforming device is formed shorter than the pressure pin 11 as shown in FIG. 4 to 7, in addition to the pressure pin 11, a spacer 15 between the pressure pin 11 and pull bar 7 is provided and also between the pressure pin 11 and table 2 an additional spacer 16th arranged.
• the latter spacer 16 is arranged on a console which stands on the table 2.
• the spacer 17 located on the bracket 17 forms a stop for the pressure pin 11 and the bracket 17 has a support surface 17 a, which is higher than the spacer 16, and forms a table-side stop for the counter-pressure plate 4.
• Fig. 10 shows the end of the deep drawing operation.
• the drawing punch 3 has completely transformed the metal sheet 8.
• the pull bar 7 has been moved deeper into the drawing groove 9 of the drawing die 5, as during the drawing phase.
• it brought about a stronger deflection of the flow path F of the metal sheet 8 and inhibited the flow movement or sliding movement of the metal sheet 8 in the flow path F.
• FIG. 11 The same stage of the deep drawing operation is shown in FIG. 11. By striking the counter-pressure plate 4 on the support surface 17 a of the console 17 of the deep drawing process is completed.
• the measure of the gap S between the spacer 14th and the pull bar 7 corresponds to the path by which the pull bar 7 is moved deeper into the draw groove 9 of the draw die 5 during the stop phase.
• thermoforming devices are shown in FIGS. 12 to 14. These have adjustable spacers. The same features are provided with the same reference numerals therein as in the previous embodiments.
• Fig. 12 is an example of a deep-drawing device having a with a pressure pin 11 connected in series distance device 18, the distance measure is adjustable.
• Distance wedge 18b is attached to one end of the pressure pin 11. This spacer wedge 18b has a distance to the other spacer wedge 18a at the beginning of the deep-drawing process. As the thermoforming process progresses, both meet
• Fig. 13 shows an embodiment of an adjustable spacer device 19 in which a pair of spacer blocks 19a and 19b are provided, which are step-shaped. A spacer block 19b is attached to the pressure pin 11. The associated distance block 19a is arranged on the table 2. The embodiment of FIG. 13 avoids by its incremental adjustability transverse forces on the pressure pin eleventh
• a spacer device 20 is arranged between the pressure pin 11 and table 2, which has an eccentric 20a.
• the eccentric element 20a is in a bearing block 20b rotatably received. The point in time at which the pressure pin 11 comes into frictional connection with the table 2 during the deep-drawing process can be varied by rotation of the eccentric element 20a.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
• Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

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• 2006
  • 2006-01-24 DE DE102006003268A patent/DE102006003268B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2007
  • 2007-01-16 AU AU2007209374A patent/AU2007209374B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2007-01-16 CN CN2007800028062A patent/CN101370602B/zh active Active
  • 2007-01-16 WO PCT/EP2007/050372 patent/WO2007085550A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2007-01-16 US US12/161,913 patent/US8341996B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2007-01-16 EP EP07703887A patent/EP1981663B1/fr active Active
  • 2007-01-16 AT AT07703887T patent/ATE468929T1/de active
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