EP1945367B1 - Meat cutter - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a meat cutter according to the preamble of claim 1.

Meat cutters are used in meat processing for the comminution and mixing of meat products, especially in sausage production. Such meat cutters usually have a ring bowl, in which a rotating cutter head is arranged with several cutter knives. The ring bowl rotates here about an axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the cutter head axis, so that the material to be processed is supplied by the rotation of the ring bowl in the work area of the cutter head.

From the GB 594588 already a meat cutter with several blades is known, the blades are each spaced apart with spacers and have a toothing for attachment. However, these individual blades have significant imbalances.

Knife heads have already become known for such meat cutters (cf. DE 37 35 651 A1 ), in which two cutter knives are arranged in a plane. Such cutter knives are usually fastened with bolts or the like to traction sheaves, which are rotatably mounted with a hexagon socket on a drive shaft of the Fleischkutters with external hexagonal profile.

Furthermore, meat cutters with cutter heads are known in the trade, in which the knife on a round shaft with Help from keyways and feather keys are attached. Also, a star-shaped wave profile with two mutually offset hexagonal profiles is used in commercial cutter heads.

The arrangement of two knives in a plane brings advantages in terms of concentricity. Since cutterheads rotate in meat choppers at very high speeds, it is generally advantageous to avoid imbalances, which regularly two opposing knives are used in a plane.

The shape of the knife feet and their fixation is problematic in conventional cutter knives of the type mentioned above, as by the burden of the knife during acceleration or when editing the material located in the meat cutter enormous forces and thus caused tensions can occur. These problems as well as measures to solve these problems, for example, in the document DE 10 2004 023 644 described.

In all known cutter knives, the type of attachment, e.g. by means of knife bolts, in the axial direction adjacent traction sheaves disadvantages in terms of the effort in the assembly and disassembly, as well as the variety of parts with it. By handling such blade bolts or the like also results in a dangerous moment during assembly and disassembly of the cutter blades.

The object of the invention is in contrast to propose a meat cutter, a cutter head and associated cutter knives, in which these disadvantages are avoided or reduced.

This object is based on a meat cutter of the aforementioned type by the characterizing features of claim 1.

The measures mentioned in the dependent claims advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention are possible.

Accordingly, a meat cutter is characterized in that the cutter head comprises at least two cutter knives arranged in a plane, wherein at least two separate cutter knives lying opposite one another are provided or wherein the two cutter knives arranged in one plane are designed as double knives.

By such a measure, the assembly and disassembly of the cutter blade is greatly facilitated. No clamping elements such as knife bolts or clamping screws have to be removed. An appropriate operator can ambidextrously grasp the blades to be assembled or disassembled and place them in a safe, mounted position or remove them from a safe, mounted position. This brings significant benefits in terms of safety at work.

In addition, with a corresponding concrete training, the cost of manufacturing can be reduced, since the formation of support elements for clamping bolts, clamping screws or the like, and the associated structural measures can be replaced by simpler embodiments.

In this context, it is noteworthy that the toothing structure can be arranged on the circumference of the drive shaft so that after fixing the mating toothings by pushing in the axial direction the knife not only rotatably, but is also secured against removal in the radial direction.

According to the invention, at least two cutter knives arranged in a plane are provided in a cutter head according to the invention. Such an arrangement requires a smooth running without major imbalances and thus reduces the load on the drive shaft.

Thus, according to the invention, on the one hand, two cutter knives arranged in a plane can be designed as double knives. A double knife, in which the knife feet are centrally connected in one piece, is more difficult and more dangerous to handle than a single knife due to the larger mass and the existing sharp edges on both sides. However, the fixation of such knives according to the invention in turn facilitates handling and improves the working safety, so that a double knife in this embodiment is easier and safer to use than in conventional meat cutters.

On the other hand, according to the invention, two separate cutter knives opposing each other in a plane can be provided. As a result, the easier and safer handling of a single blade is achieved with additional achievement of the above advantages of the invention.

According to the invention, a holding element is provided, which is provided between the knife foot or the knife feet and the drive shaft and which the Having the toothing structure of the knife matching tooth structure. With the help of such, correspondingly arranged in the radial direction between the blade base and drive shaft support member, a knife attachment according to the invention can also be used in conventional Fleischkuttern where the drive shaft has a hexagonal profile, or other meat cutters. In particular, the retrofitting of already in operation meat cutters with the help of such a support member is easily possible.

Such a support member is formed according to the invention as a sleeve which extends in the axial direction over several planes of the knife. Such a sleeve has the advantage that only a single support member must be inserted before mounting the knife on the drive shaft and thus the tooth structure is provided for fixing a plurality of knives in different planes in one operation.

Preferably, the support profile with a Hexagon socket and / or a keyway for the rotationally fixed connection by means of a feather key, so that the toothing structure according to the invention, as already indicated above, can be used in commercially available and in particular already existing meat cutters.

According to the invention, at least the toothing structure is provided on the side of the drive shaft with a uniform circumferential distribution. This is particularly advantageous when using a retaining sleeve for the formation of the drive-side toothing structure, since with a circumferential even distribution of the desired angular displacement between the individual knife levels can be achieved without additional measures by pushing the knife in the desired angular position.

The tooth structure is advantageously constructed so that a uniform division over the outer circumference or an angular range of 360 degrees results. This implies that the pitch angle assumed by the individual teeth and / or individual gaps of the tooth structure is integral with the entire circumference angle of 360 degrees or the total circumference angle of 360 degrees is an integer multiple of the pitch angle. In such an embodiment, a uniform angular offset of one or more pitch angles of the cutter blades in the construction of the cutter head is possible.

It has proved to be advantageous to provide a pitch angle of approximately 15 degrees for the division of the tooth structure. With such a pitch different angular positions in 15 degree increments are possible, for example, an angular offset of 30 degrees, 45 degrees or 60 degrees between individual knife levels. In addition, such a tooth pitch provides a sufficient number of each other cross-structural elements to ensure the holder according to the invention for the function.

The knife feet also have a uniform circumferential distribution of the tooth structure over the angular range covered by them.

In order to bring about the telescoping of the tooth structures in the axial direction not only a rotationally secure attachment, but also a fixation in the radial direction, in any case tooth structures must be selected with a correspondingly large angular distance and / or a corresponding configuration of the individual gears, so that after the placement of the knife in the axial direction and a radial fixation is ensured, which is in particular also able to absorb the centrifugal forces occurring during rotation of the cutter head.

Such a radial fixation can be achieved, for example, in that the individual toothings of the toothing structure are at least partially undercutting in the radial direction. In a toothing structure with individual undercut teeth a radial fixation is effected by each individual toothing. This embodiment therefore provides a increased stability against radial centrifugal forces.

However, a radial fixation is possible even with not undercutting single teeth. In this case, however, it should be ensured that an angular range is selected for the arrangement of the toothing structures, in which the radial fixation is brought about by the interaction between spaced-apart toothings. For radially extending teeth with parallel side edges, which is not undercut as a single toothing, this is for example already achieved by two individual gears as soon as at least two tooth flanks show a converging towards the drive shaft course.

In order to increase the radial holding forces, however, it is expedient here to provide a toothing structure in the edge regions of the blade base, i. where the interlocking structures face each other at a very large angle approaching 180 degrees.

Advantageously, one or more spacers are further provided in the axial direction for axial displacement of different blade levels. This makes it possible to achieve a proven structure with desired axial offset with regard to the axial arrangement of the knife. These spacers can have inside a circular Aufnehmung, since they do not interact with the tooth structure, such as a support sleeve interact.

In a further development of the invention, an initial friction ring and / or a closing ring for axially securing the cutter head to the drive shaft are additionally provided. These rings, which can be fixed on the drive shaft in a conventional manner, for example, clamped or screwed, provide on the one hand for the axial positioning of the cutter head and beyond for the Cohesion of the different levels of the assembled cutterhead in the axial direction.

Preferably, the spacers, the initial driving ring and / or the closing ring are provided with weight-reducing structures, for example with material recesses, in order to reduce the total weight of the cutter head.

In a gearing according to the invention, it is also possible to provide knife levels with only one cutter knife. This is advantageous, for example, in the catchment area of the material to be processed in order to improve the intake of the material into the cutter head and to avoid a build-up of material. This single knife can be readily constructed identical to the other cutter knives. On the other hand, it is also possible to equip such a single knife with a knife foot, which fully utilizes the teeth on the side of the drive shaft, i. completely encloses the drive shaft.

Figur 1

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Kuttermessers;

Figur 2

eine Draufsicht auf eine Messerebene eines erfindungsgemäßen Messerkopfes für einen Fleischkutter;

Figur 3

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines teilweise mit einer Messerebene aufgebauten Messerkopfs;

Figur 4

eine Explosionsdarstellung dreier erfindungsgemäßer Befestigungselemente für Kuttermesser in einem Messerkopf;

Figur 5

eine Ausschnittsdarstellung eines Halterungselements mit Verzahnungsstruktur in der Stirnansicht und

Figur 6

eine alternative Ausführungsform eines Halterungselements mit Verzahnungsstruktur in der Stirnansicht.

Two embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawing and are explained in more detail below with reference to the figures. Show in detail

FIG. 1

a perspective view of a cutter knife according to the invention;

FIG. 2

a plan view of a knife plane of a cutter head according to the invention for a meat cutter;

FIG. 3

a perspective view of a partially constructed with a knife plane cutter head;

FIG. 4

an exploded view of three inventive fasteners for cutter blades in a cutter head;

FIG. 5

a sectional view of a support member with tooth structure in the end view and

FIG. 6

an alternative embodiment of a support member with tooth structure in the end view.

FIG. 1 shows a cutter knife 1 with a knife base 2 and three mutually angled arranged cutting 3, 4, 5. The knife base 2 shows a straight edge 6 and a semicircular recess 7. The circumference is in the recess 7, a tooth structure 8, consisting of projections or teeth 9 and recesses or gaps 10 attached.

With the toothing structure 8, a cutter knife 1 can be fastened on a drive shaft.

FIG. 2 shows the arrangement of a knife plane on a drive shaft of a Fleischkutters in plan view. Two cutter knives 11, 12, which may be formed, for example, according to the cutter knife 1, each have a blade base 2, as he said FIG. 1 has been described.

These knife feet 2 are connected with their tooth structure 8 with a support member 13, wherein the support member 13 is formed sleeve-shaped. The holding element 13 in turn has a toothed structure 14 with teeth 15 and gaps 16 which fits the toothing structure 8.

On the inside, the support member 13 is provided with a hexagonal profile 17, which is designed to match a corresponding external hexagonal profile 18 of a drive shaft 19.

By the hexagonal profiles 17, 18, the support member 13 is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft 19. Here, the support member 13 in the axial direction, i. pushed onto the drive shaft 19 perpendicular to the plane of representation. Following this, the two cutter knives 11, 12 with their knife feet 2 also in the axial direction, i. are brought perpendicular to the plane of representation in the illustrated installation position, wherein the teeth 9 of the toothed structure 8 of the knife feet 2 engage in the gaps 16 of the toothed structure 14 of the support member 13 and vice versa, i. the teeth 15 of the support member 13 engage in the gaps 10 of the knife feet 2.

FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a partially constructed cutter head.

The drive shaft 19, which has the outer hexagonal profile 18 in the region of the cutter head, is provided with an initial drive ring 20, which serves as an axial stop for the construction of the cutter head. In the embodiment according to FIG. 3 For example, the support member is a support sleeve 21 having an axial length that extends over a plurality of blade planes. This support sleeve 21 has a hexagon socket 17, so that it in the manner described rotationally fixed to the hexagon profile 18 of the drive shaft 19 can be plugged.

On the outer circumference, the holding sleeve 21 shows a toothing structure 14 according to the embodiment according to FIG FIG. 2 , The cutter knives 11, 12 are already shown in the assembled position, after they in axial Direction A were pushed onto the support sleeve 21.

As is clear from this illustration, further knife levels are possible by simply pushing on further cutter knives and, if necessary, spacers on the holding sleeve 21. In this case, in the illustrated toothing structures 8, 14, an angular offset of the different knife planes can be easily realized without further measures within the scope of the possibilities of tooth pitching.

FIG. 4 shows three components of another embodiment, ie an initial drive ring 22, a support plate 23 and cutter knives 24, 25, the knife feet 26 are formed with one of the above-toothing structure similar tooth structure 26 consisting of teeth 27 and gaps 28.

FIG. 5 shows a section of the support sleeve 21 in plan view, in particular, the teeth 9 and gaps 10 are better recognizable in their profile. In particular, in this embodiment, the parallel configuration of the side edges 29, 30 of the teeth 9 or gaps 10 can be seen. This means that the toothed structure 9 is designed directed radially outward without being undercut of the individual teeth.

FIG. 6 shows a plan view of another support member 31, which is formed according to the sleeve sleeve 21 sleeve-shaped for several levels knife. The gaps 32 are semicircular in this embodiment, so that the side edges of the teeth 33 have the shape of circle segments. This type of toothing is aligned in the radial direction and not undercutting the individual teeth.

In contrast, the shape of the tooth structure 34 is as shown in FIG FIG. 4 such that the teeth 35 have a radius which leads to an undercut shape of the individual teeth.

All shown toothing structures 8, 14, 26, 34 are suitable for the inventive construction of a cutter head.

These tooth structures not only allow a rotationally secure attachment of the cutter knives 11, 12, 24, 25, but they also provide a radial hold. This is for example in FIG. 2 readily recognizable. Even with non-undercut individual teeth of spaced apart teeth, such as the teeth Y and R or other spaced-apart pairs of these act in such a way that the cutter blade 11 is not radially removable from the support member 13. Already with a small distance of the individual teeth, this radial fixation arises due to the radial orientation of the teeth as soon as at least two side flanks of the teeth of the knife feet 2 converge toward the drive axis.

The radial hold can be increased by an undercut shaping of the individual teeth and gaps, for example, according to the teeth 35 and gaps 36.

In the illustrated embodiments, the toothing structures are distributed uniformly over the circumference of the drive shaft 19. This offers the advantage that any angular position in the pitch of the teeth can be achieved without additional measures, each Angular offset in the pitch grid of the toothing of the support member 13, for example, in a screen angle of 15 degrees is adjustable.

Basically, however, a structure would be conceivable in which the teeth are not completely distributed, but only at the actual required places. Here, the toothing structure of the support member 13 as well as the toothing of the blade feet 2 may be formed differently from plane to plane with respect to the angular position. In order to maintain a greater freedom in setting the offset angle with a not uniformly distributed around teeth and to simplify the production, however, it makes sense to leave the support member 13 toothed all around and possibly the tooth structure 9 of the blade feet 2 is not continuous.

It is essential in any case that a toothing structure is provided on the part of the knife feet 2 and on the side of the drive shaft 19, which makes it possible cutter knife 11, 12 with their knife feet 2 by axial sliding means of the mating tooth structures 8, 14 against rotation on the drive shaft 19th to fix. <U> REFERENCE LIST: </ u> 1 Meatmincer 34 toothing structure 2 knife base 35 tooth 3 cutting edge 36 gap 4 cutting edge 5 cutting edge 6 edge 7 recess 8th toothing structure 9 tooth 10 Gaps 11 Meatmincer 12 Meatmincer 13 supporting member 14 toothing structure 15 tooth 16 gap 17 Allen Profile 18 External hexagonal profile 19 drive shaft 20 Initial thrust ring 21 mounting sleeve 22 Initial thrust ring 23 support disc 24 Meatmincer 25 Meatmincer 26 toothing structure 27 tooth 28 gap 29 side flank 30 side flank 31 supporting member 32 gap 33 tooth

Claims (11)

1. A meat cutter having a blade head which is rotatable in an annular bowl and which comprises at least one cutter blade which is arranged in a plane and which is fastened to a drive shaft for conjoint rotation, wherein the blade base (2) of the cutter blade (11, 12) comprises a toothing structure (8) which points towards the drive shaft (19) and has projections (9) and recesses (10), by means of which the cutter blade (11, 12) can be positioned for conjoint rotation in a matching toothing structure (14) on sides of the drive shaft (19), wherein at least the toothing structure (14) is provided on sides of the drive shaft (19) with a uniform peripheral distribution, the blade bases (2) here likewise over the angular range covered thereby have a uniform peripheral distribution of the toothing structure (8), wherein a holder element is provided between the blade bases (2) of the cutter blades (11, 12) of at least one blade plane and the drive shaft (19), which has the toothing structure (14) matching the toothing structure (8) of the cutter blades (11, 12), wherein the holder element (13) is arranged in the radial direction between the blade bases (2) and the drive shaft (19), and wherein the holder element has a holder sleeve (21), which extends in the axial direction over a plurality of blade planes, characterised in that the blade head comprises at least two cutter blades arranged in a plane, wherein at least two separate, opposing cutter blades (11, 12) are provided, or wherein the two cutter blades (11, 12) arranged in a plane are configured as double blades.
2. The meat cutter according to claim 1, characterised in that the blade base of each cutter blade can be fixed in the radial direction by the toothing structures (8, 14).
3. The meat cutter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the holder element is configured as a holder disc (23) for a blade plane.
4. The meat cutter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the holder element (13, 21, 23) has an inner hexagonal profile and/or a keyway for a feather key.
5. The meat cutter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the peripheral angle of 360 degrees is an integer multiple of the pitch angle of the individual teeth and/or gaps of the toothing structure.
6. The meat cutter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the division of the toothing structure is 15 degrees.
7. The meat cutter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the blade bases (2) have two or more regions which are spaced apart from one another along the perimeter and have a toothing structure.
8. The meat cutter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the individual toothings of the toothing structure (34) are configured so as to at least partially undercut in the radial direction.
9. The meat cutter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the individual toothings (9, 10, 15, 16, 27, 28) of the toothing structure are configured so as to not undercut in the radial direction.
10. The meat cutter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that one or more spacer discs are provided in the axial direction for an axial offset of different blade planes.
11. The meat cutter according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that an initial drive ring (20) and/or a closing ring (22) is provided for axially fastening the blade head on the drive shaft (19).

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