EP1945367A1

EP1945367A1 - Meat cutter

Info

Publication number: EP1945367A1
Application number: EP06805459A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Manfred Knecht; Christian Eichert
Original assignee: Knecht Maschinenbau GmbH
Current assignee: Knecht Maschinenbau GmbH
Priority date: 2005-10-28
Filing date: 2006-10-19
Publication date: 2008-07-23
Anticipated expiration: 2026-10-19
Also published as: PL1945367T3; LT1945367T; TR201911296T4; CA2626290A1; SI1945367T1; WO2007048390A1; DE102005052191A1; US20090126582A1; US9003963B2; RU2379110C1; DK1945367T3; CA2626290C; EP1945367B1; HUE044751T2; ES2742172T3

Abstract

A meat cutter, a knife head and an associated cutting knife (11, 12) are proposed, in which the outlay with respect to installation and removal and with respect to the diversity of parts and also the moment of risk during installation and removal are reduced. This is achieved according to the invention by the knife base (2) of the cutting knife (11, 12) having a toothing structure (8) which points towards the drive shaft (19) and has projections (9) and recesses (10) by means of which the cutting knife (11, 12) can be positioned in a rotationally fixed manner in a matching toothing structure (14) by pushing it on in the axial direction.

Description

"Meat cutter"

The invention relates to a meat cutter, a cutter head and a cutter knife for meat cutters according to the preamble of claim 1.

Meat cutters are used in meat processing for the comminution and mixing of meat products, especially in sausage production. Such meat cutters usually have a ring bowl, in which a rotating cutter head is arranged with several cutter knives. The ring bowl rotates here about an axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the cutter head axis, so that the material to be processed is supplied by the rotation of the ring bowl in the work area of the cutter head.

Knife heads have already become known for such meat cutters (cf DE 37 35 651 A1), in which two cutter knives are arranged in one plane. Such cutter knives are usually fastened with bolts or the like to traction sheaves, which are rotatably mounted with a hexagon socket on a drive shaft of the Fleischkutters with external hexagonal profile.

Furthermore, meat cutters with cutter heads are known in the trade, in which the knife on a round shaft with Help from keyways and feather keys are attached. Also, a star-shaped wave profile with two mutually offset hexagonal profiles is used in commercial cutter heads.

The arrangement of two knives in a plane brings advantages in terms of concentricity. Since cutterheads rotate in meat choppers at very high speeds, it is generally advantageous to avoid imbalances, which regularly two opposing knives are used in a plane.

The shape of the knife feet and their fixation is problematic in conventional cutter knives of the type mentioned above, as by the burden of the knife during acceleration or when editing the material located in the meat cutter enormous forces and thus caused tensions can occur. These problems and measures to solve these problems are described, for example, in the document DE 10 2004 023 644.

In all known cutter knives, the type of attachment, e.g. by means of knife bolts, in the axial direction adjacent traction sheaves disadvantages in terms of the effort in the assembly and disassembly, as well as the variety of parts with it. By handling such blade bolts or the like also results in a dangerous moment during assembly and disassembly of the cutter blades.

The object of the invention is in contrast to propose a meat cutter, a cutter head and associated cutter knives, in which these disadvantages are avoided or reduced.

This object is based on a meat cutter of the aforementioned type by the characterizing features of claim 1.

The measures mentioned in the dependent claims advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention are possible.

Accordingly, a meat cutter or its cutter head and an associated cutter knife characterized by the fact that the blade foot of the cutter blade has a drive shaft facing tooth structure with projections and recesses, by means of the cutter blade in a matching tooth structure on the side of the drive shaft by pushing in the axial direction is rotatably positionable.

By such a measure, the assembly and disassembly of the cutter knife is greatly facilitated. No clamping elements such as knife bolts or clamping screws have to be removed. An appropriate operator can ambidextrously grasp the blades to be assembled or disassembled and place them in a safe, mounted position or remove them from a safe, mounted position. This brings significant benefits in terms of safety at work.

In addition, with a corresponding concrete training, the cost of production can be reduced, since the formation of support members for clamping bolts, clamping screws or the like and the associated structural measures can be replaced by simpler embodiments.

In this context, it is noteworthy that the toothing structure can be arranged on the circumference of the drive shaft so that after fixing the mating toothings by pushing in the axial direction -A-

the knife not only rotatably, but is also secured against removal in the radial direction.

Preferably, at least two cutter knives arranged in a plane are provided in a cutter head according to the invention. Such an arrangement requires a smooth running without major imbalances and thus reduces the load on the drive shaft.

In a particular embodiment of the invention, two cutter knives arranged in a plane are designed as double knives. A double knife, in which the knife feet are centrally connected in one piece, is more difficult and more dangerous to handle than a single knife due to the larger mass and the existing sharp edges on both sides. However, the fixation of such knives according to the invention in turn facilitates handling and improves the working safety, so that a double knife in this embodiment is easier and safer to use than in conventional meat cutters.

In a preferred embodiment, however, two separate, arranged in a plane cutter knife are provided. As a result, the easier and safer handling of a single knife is achieved with additional achievement of the above advantages of the invention.

The inventive toothing structure on the side of the drive shaft, which is suitable for the toothing structure of the cutter knife, can for example be mounted directly in the drive shaft.

A preferred embodiment, however, provides a support member which is provided between the blade foot or the knife feet and the drive shaft and the Having the toothing structure of the knife matching tooth structure. With the help of such, correspondingly arranged in the radial direction between the blade base and drive shaft support member, a knife attachment according to the invention can also be used in conventional meat cutters, in which the drive shaft has a hexagonal profile, or other meat cutters. In particular, the retrofitting of already in operation meat cutters with the help of such a support member is easily possible.

Such a holding element can be formed, for example, as a sleeve which extends in the axial direction over a plurality of knife planes. Such a sleeve has the advantage that only a single support member must be inserted before mounting the knife on the drive shaft and thus the tooth structure is provided for fixing a plurality of knives in different planes in one operation.

In another embodiment, the support member is formed as a support disc for only one knife plane. This embodiment offers an advantage in the construction of the cutter head. For example, two knives arranged in a plane may be attached to a support disc, e.g. by means of clips, bolts and / or screws. This attachment serves as an assembly aid, i. the entire unit, consisting of two knives and the retaining washer, can then be easily mounted on the drive shaft. The non-rotatable connection between the mounting plate and the drive shaft can be accomplished in a conventional manner, for example via a hexagon socket or a round shaft with keyways and feather key.

Preferably, the support profile with a Hexagon socket and / or a keyway for the rotationally fixed connection by means of a feather key, so that the toothing structure according to the invention, as already indicated above, can be used in commercially available and in particular already existing meat cutters.

In a specific embodiment of the invention, at least the toothed structure is provided on the side of the drive shaft with a uniform initial distribution. This is particularly advantageous when using a retaining sleeve for the formation of the drive-side toothing structure, since with a circumferential even distribution of the desired angular displacement between the individual knife levels can be achieved without additional measures by pushing the knife in the desired angular position.

The tooth structure is advantageously constructed so that a uniform division over the outer circumference or an angular range of 360 degrees results. This implies that the pitch angle assumed by the individual teeth and / or individual gaps of the tooth structure is integral with the entire circumference angle of 360 degrees or the total circumference angle of 360 degrees is an integer multiple of the pitch angle. In such an embodiment, a uniform angular offset of one or more pitch angles of the cutter blades in the construction of the cutter head is possible.

It has proved to be advantageous to provide a pitch angle of approximately 15 degrees for the division of the tooth structure. With such a pitch different angular positions in 15 degree increments are possible, for example, an angular offset of 30 degrees, 45 degrees or 60 degrees between individual knife levels. In addition, such a tooth pitch provides a sufficient number of each other cross-structural elements to ensure the holder according to the invention for the function.

The knife feet can also have a uniform circumferential distribution of the tooth structure over the angular range covered by them. However, this need not necessarily be the case. An attachment according to the invention is readily achievable even if the knife feet have two or more toothed structure regions spaced apart along the circumference. In between, circumferential sections can be provided in the knife feet, which do not contribute to the fixing and, for example, have a smooth, circular course. A toothing that is not completely distributed, in certain applications, an easier assembly or disassembly in the axial direction with it, since it less teeth elements must be moved against each other.

In order to bring about the telescoping of the tooth structures in the axial direction not only a rotationally secure attachment, but also a fixation in the radial direction, in any case tooth structures must be selected with a correspondingly large angular distance and / or a corresponding configuration of the individual gears, so that after the placement of the knife in the axial direction and a radial fixation is ensured, which is in particular also able to absorb the centrifugal forces occurring during rotation of the cutter head.

Such a radial fixation can be achieved, for example, in that the individual toothings of the toothing structure are at least partially undercutting in the radial direction. In a toothing structure with individual undercut teeth a radial fixation is effected by each individual toothing. This embodiment therefore provides a increased stability against radial centrifugal forces.

However, a radial fixation is possible even with not undercutting single teeth. In this case, however, it should be ensured that an angular range is selected for the arrangement of the toothing structures, in which the radial fixation is brought about by the interaction between spaced-apart toothings. For radially extending teeth with parallel side edges, which is not undercut as a single toothing, this is for example already achieved by two individual gears as soon as at least two tooth flanks show a converging towards the drive shaft course.

In order to increase the radial holding forces, however, it is expedient here to provide a toothing structure in the edge regions of the blade base, i. where the interlocking structures face each other at a very large angle approaching 180 degrees.

Advantageously, one or more spacers are further provided in the axial direction for axial displacement of different blade levels. This makes it possible to achieve a proven structure with desired axial offset with regard to the axial arrangement of the knife. These spacers can have inside a circular Aufnehmung, since they do not interact with the tooth structure, such as a support sleeve interact.

In a further development of the invention, an initial friction ring and / or a closing ring for axially securing the cutter head to the drive shaft are additionally provided. These rings, which can be fixed on the drive shaft in a conventional manner, for example, clamped or screwed, provide on the one hand for the axial positioning of the cutter head and beyond for the Cohesion of the different levels of the assembled cutterhead in the axial direction.

Preferably, the spacers, the initial driving ring and / or the closing ring are provided with weight-reducing structures, for example with material recesses, in order to reduce the total weight of the cutter head.

In a gearing according to the invention, it is also possible to provide knife levels with only one cutter knife. This is advantageous, for example, in the catchment area of the material to be processed in order to improve the intake of the material into the cutter head and to avoid a build-up of material. This single knife can be readily constructed identical to the other cutter knives. On the other hand, it is also possible to equip such a single knife with a knife foot, which fully utilizes the teeth on the side of the drive shaft, i. completely encloses the drive shaft.

Two embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawing and are explained in more detail below with reference to the figures. Show in detail

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a cutter knife according to the invention;

Figure 2 is a plan view of a knife plane of a cutter head according to the invention for a meat cutter;

Figure 3 is a perspective view of a partially constructed with a knife plane cutter head; FIG. 4 shows an exploded view of three fastening elements according to the invention for cutter knives in a cutter head;

Figure 5 is a sectional view of a

Retaining element with tooth structure in the front view and

FIG. 6 shows an alternative embodiment of a

Retaining element with tooth structure in the front view.

1 shows a cutter knife 1 with a knife foot 2 and three mutually angled cutting edges 3, 4, 5. The knife base 2 shows a straight edge 6 and a semicircular recess 7. On the circumference is in the recess 7 a tooth structure 8, consisting of projections or Teeth 9 and recesses or gaps 10 attached.

With the toothing structure 8, a cutter knife 1 can be fastened on a drive shaft.

Figure 2 shows the arrangement of a knife plane on a drive shaft of a Fleischkutters in plan view. Two cutter knives 11, 12, which may be formed, for example, according to the cutter knife 1, each have a blade base 2, as described with reference to FIG.

These knife feet 2 are connected with their tooth structure 8 with a support member 13, wherein the support member 13 may be formed sleeve or disc-shaped. The holding element 13 in turn has a toothed structure 14 with teeth 15 and gaps 16 which fits the toothing structure 8. On the inside, the support member 13 is provided with a hexagonal profile 17, which is designed to match a corresponding external hexagonal profile 18 of a drive shaft 19.

By the hexagonal profiles 17, 18, the support member 13 is rotatably mounted on the drive shaft 19. Here, the support member 13 in the axial direction, i. pushed onto the drive shaft 19 perpendicular to the plane of representation. Following this, the two cutter knives 11, 12 with their knife feet 2 also in the axial direction, i. are brought perpendicular to the plane of representation in the illustrated installation position, wherein the teeth 9 of the toothed structure 8 of the knife feet 2 engage in the gaps 16 of the toothed structure 14 of the support member 13 and vice versa, i. the teeth 15 of the support member 13 engage in the gaps 10 of the knife feet 2.

FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a partially constructed cutter head.

The drive shaft 19, which has the outer hexagonal profile 18 in the region of the cutter head, is provided with an initial drive ring 20, which serves as an axial stop for the construction of the cutter head. In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the holding element is a holding sleeve 21 which has an axial length extending over a plurality of knife planes. This support sleeve 21 has a hexagon socket 17, so that it in the manner described rotationally fixed to the hexagon profile 18 of the drive shaft 19 can be plugged.

On the outer circumference of the support sleeve 21 shows a tooth structure 14 according to the embodiment of Figure 2. The cutter knives 11, 12 are already shown in the mounted position, after they in axial Direction A were pushed onto the support sleeve 21.

As is clear from this illustration, further knife levels are possible by simply pushing on further cutter knives and, if necessary, spacers on the holding sleeve 21. In this case, in the illustrated toothing structures 8, 14, an angular offset of the different knife planes can be easily realized without further measures within the scope of the possibilities of tooth pitching.

Figure 4 shows three components of another embodiment, i. an initial driving ring 22, a retaining disk 23 and cutter knives 24, 25, the knife feet 26 are formed with a tooth structure 26 similar to the above-described tooth structure consisting of teeth 27 and gaps 28. The structure with the components according to the embodiment in Figure 7 corresponds to the embodiment of Figure 3, wherein now for each blade level a support plate 23 is provided.

Figure 5 shows a section of the support sleeve 21 in plan view, in particular, the teeth 9 and gaps 10 are better recognizable in their profile. In particular, in this embodiment, the parallel configuration of the side edges 29, 30 of the teeth 9 or gaps 10 can be seen. This means that the toothed structure 9 is designed directed radially outward without being undercut of the individual teeth.

Figure 6 shows a plan view of another support member 31, which may be formed in a disk-shaped manner for a knife plane or corresponding to the support sleeve 21 sleeve-shaped for a plurality of blade levels both corresponding to the support plate 23. The gaps 32 are semicircular in this embodiment, so that the side edges of the teeth 33 have the shape of circle segments. This type of toothing is aligned in the radial direction and not undercutting the individual teeth.

In contrast, the shape of the

Gear tooth structure 34 according to Figure 4 such that the teeth 35 have a radius which leads to an undercut form of the individual teeth.

All shown toothing structures 8, 14, 26, 34 are suitable for the inventive construction of a cutter head.

These tooth structures not only allow a rotationally secure attachment of the cutter knives 11, 12, 24, 25, but they also provide a radial hold. This is readily apparent, for example, in FIG. Even with non-undercut individual teeth of spaced apart teeth, such as the teeth Y and R or other spaced-apart pairs of these act in such a way that the cutter blade 11 is not radially removable from the support member 13. Already with a small distance of the individual teeth, this radial fixation arises due to the radial orientation of the teeth as soon as at least two side flanks of the teeth of the knife feet 2 converge toward the drive axis.

The radial hold can be increased by an undercut shaping of the individual teeth and gaps, for example, according to the teeth 35 and gaps 36.

In the illustrated embodiments, the toothing structures are distributed uniformly over the circumference of the drive shaft 19. This offers the advantage that any angular position in the pitch of the teeth can be achieved without additional measures, each Angular offset in the pitch grid of the toothing of the support member 13, for example, in a screen angle of 15 degrees is adjustable.

Basically, however, a structure would be conceivable in which the teeth are not completely distributed, but only at the actual required places. Here, the toothing structure of the support member 13 as well as the toothing of the blade feet 2 may be formed differently from plane to plane with respect to the angular position. In order to maintain a greater freedom in setting the offset angle with a not uniformly distributed around teeth and to simplify the production, however, it makes sense to leave the support member 13 toothed all around and possibly the tooth structure 9 of the blade feet 2 is not continuous.

It is essential in any case that a tooth structure is provided on the part of the knife feet 2 and on the side of the drive shaft 19, which makes it possible cutter knife 11, 12 with their knife feet 2 by axial sliding means of the mating tooth structures 8, 14 against rotation on the drive shaft 19th to fix.

e:

Cutter knife 34 tooth structure

Knife foot 35 tooth

Cut 36 gaps

cutting edge

edge

recess

toothing structure

tooth

Gaps

Meatmincer

supporting member

toothing structure

tooth

gap

Allen Profile

External hexagonal profile

drive shaft

Initial thrust ring

mounting sleeve

Initial thrust ring

HaIterungsscheibe

Meatmincer

toothing structure

tooth

gap

side flank

supporting member

gap

tooth

Claims

Claims:

1. Meat cutter with a cutter head rotatable in a ring bowl and comprising at least one cutter knife arranged in a plane that is fixed against rotation on a drive shaft, characterized in that the knife foot (2) of the cutter knife (11, 12) has a drive shaft (19 ) has indicative tooth structure (8) with projections (9) and recesses (10) by means of which the cutter blade (11, 12) in a mating tooth structure (14) on the side of the drive shaft (19) is rotatably positionable.

2. Meat cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutter head comprises at least two arranged in a plane cutter knife.

3. Meat cutter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blade base of each cutter blade by the toothing structures (8, 14) is fixable in the radial direction.

4. Meat cutter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two arranged in a plane cutter knives (11, 12) are designed as double knives.

5. Meat cutter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two separate, opposing cutter knives (11, 12) are provided.

6. Meat cutter according to claim 4, characterized in that a holding element between the knife feet 2 of the cutter blade (11, 12) is provided at least one knife plane and the drive shaft (19), which is the Has toothing structure (8) of the cutter blade (11, 12) matching tooth structure (14).

7. Meat cutter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding element (13) in the radial direction between the knife feet (2) and the drive shaft (19) is arranged.

8. Meat cutter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding element is a holding sleeve (21) which extends in the axial direction over a plurality of knife planes.

9. Meat cutter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding element is designed as a holding plate (23) for a knife plane.

10. Meat cutter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding element (13, 21, 23) has a hexagon socket and / or a keyway for a feather key.

11. Meat cutter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that circumferential angle of 360 degrees is an integer multiple of the pitch angle of the individual teeth and / or gaps of the tooth structure.

12. Meat cutter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pitch of the tooth structure is 15 degrees.

13. Meat cutter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the knife feet (2) have two or more circumferentially spaced-apart regions with a tooth structure.

14. Meat cutter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual teeth of the toothed structure (34) is formed at least partially undercutting in the radial direction.

15. Meat cutter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual teeth (9, 10, 15, 16, 27, 28) of the tooth structure in the radial direction is not formed undercutting.

16. Meat cutter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one or more spacers is provided in the axial direction for an axial displacement of different knife levels.

17. Meat cutter according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an initial driving ring (20) and / or a closing ring (22) for axially fixing the cutter head on the drive shaft (19) is provided.

18. cutter head for a meat cutter having a ring bowl in which the cutter head is rotatable to be arranged, wherein the cutter head comprises at least one arranged in a plane cutter knife, which is rotatably mounted on a drive shaft, characterized in that the knife foot (2) of the cutter knife ( 11, 12) has a toothed structure (8) with projections (9) and recesses (10) pointing towards the drive shaft (19), by means of which the cutter knife (11, 12) is mounted in a mating tooth structure (14) on the drive shaft (19 ) is rotationally fixed positionable.

19. cutter knife for a meat cutter with a cutter head rotatable in a ring bowl, wherein the cutter head comprises at least one cutter knife arranged in a plane, which is fixed against rotation on a drive shaft, characterized in that the blade base (2) of the cutter blade (11, 12) has a toothed structure (8) with protrusions (9) and recesses (10) pointing in mounted position relative to the drive shaft (19), by means of which the cutter blade (11, 12 ) in a matching tooth structure (14) on the side of the drive shaft (19) is rotatably positionable.