Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
  • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
  • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
  • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
  • B07C5/344—Sorting according to other particular properties according to electric or electromagnetic properties
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
  • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
  • B07C2501/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material to be sorted
  • B07C2501/0036—Sorting out metallic particles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
  • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
  • B07C2501/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material to be sorted
  • B07C2501/0054—Sorting of waste or refuse

Definitions

• Sensor device for detecting electromagnetically detectable items to be conveyed and sorting device with such a sensor device
• the invention relates to a sensor device according to the preamble of claim 1 and to a sorting device with such a sensor device according to claim 19.
• an automated sorting of the recycling material as a conveyed material is required. It should not only process the largest possible fraudmengen per time, but the sorting should also be done with high yield and low error rate. It may be in the conveyed example, waste glass, in which there are metal fractions, such as bottle caps or other bottle or glass closures. It may be in the conveyed example also shredded in a shredded scrap cars with fractions of various metals or other valuable materials that are to be made available for recycling. A sorting of garbage would be a possible application, eg to sort out an aluminum fraction. Furthermore, it may also be conveyed with different mineralogical fractions, which have different electromagnetic properties and should be sorted for further processing. Not conclusively as applications are also mentioned the sorting of metal residues in wood recycling fractions in the fiberboard industry and the finding of metals in food streams in bulk form.
• the devices have sensors, through whose sensory monitored area the conveyed material is moved.
• the parts to be sorted out are detected by the sensors designed to be suitable for the sorting criteria, and a separating device is activated by means of the sensor information in order to selectively separate a part which is to be sorted out from the conveyed material.
• a separating device is activated by means of the sensor information in order to selectively separate a part which is to be sorted out from the conveyed material.
• glass e.g. is known to make a sorting on the glass color with optical sensors that detect the glass color, and e.g. Separate brown glass from white and green glass.
• an electromagnetic alternating field is used, through which the material to be sorted is moved. A change of the alternating field through one of the parts is detected, and then the part sorted out.
• a sorting device with a generic sensor device EP 0 353 457 Bl discloses.
• the frequency of the alternating field is freely selectable within wide ranges, e.g. with a frequency between 5 kHz and 2MHz.
• the sensors of the sensor device shown there consist of two detector coils wound in opposite directions, in which an external alternating field induces equal but opposite alternating voltages.
• the AC voltages cancel each other out with suitable subtraction exactly to zero.
• the homogeneous alternating field is superimposed by an inhomogeneous field induced by the alternating field in the metal parts. This represents a change of the alternating field for the sensors.
• the alternating field which is initially generated as homogeneously as possible, now exhibits an inhomogeneous disturbance due to an induced magnetic field.
• no equal-sized, canceling alternating voltages are now induced in the two detector coils of a sensor, but a difference in value results in a signal value that deviates significantly from zero.
• the spatial resolution of these sensors of the generic sensor device is determined by the size of the individual sensors or by the size of the coil pairs contained therein.
• the separator controlled by the sensors e.g. a series arrangement of exhaust nozzles, can only be controlled in this limited spatial resolution. This is particularly disadvantageous if the parts to be sorted may be smaller than the sensors, e.g. if the conveyed material is present as granules with a small grain size. It can then be e.g. a non-metal closely adjacent to a metal part accidentally be sorted out by the driven exhaust nozzle with. It creates an undesirable Kochsortmaschine. To achieve a higher resolution, the sensors would have to be downsized. This is expensive to manufacture and would make the sensors more expensive.
• the detection range of the sensors would decrease with increasing miniaturization because the effective area for measuring changing electromagnetic field lines would become smaller.
• the generic sensor device can not correctly detect large metal parts that extend over a plurality of adjacent sensors. Under unfavorable circumstances, the blow-off nozzles are activated incorrectly or not at all.
• the sensor device comprises a plurality of sensors, the detector coils are arranged in pairs so that their standing parallel to the conveying plane cross-sectional areas against each other shifted center of gravity, and the connecting line between the centroids is oblique to the direction of movement of the transported material.
• the detector coils can basically have any shape.
• the invention requires only that the two detector coils of a pair react differently to the example of a metal part disturbed alternating field.
• the sensor signal should also make the location of the crossing of the sensor detectable. This is achieved by the cross-sectional areas of the detector coils of a pair in a parallel to the conveying plane of the conveyed material at least partially do not overlap by the centroids of these cross-sectional areas are shifted from each other.
• the connecting line between these centroids should be inclined to the direction of movement. This symmetry break can be used to distinguish between the easily evaluated sensor signal and, for example, whether a metal part on the left or right of the center of the sensor crosses the sensor.
• the connecting line were parallel to the direction of movement, a part crossing the sensor to the left of the sensor center would not be able to be distinguished from a part crossing the sensor to the right of the sensor center.
• two identical circular planar coils as a detector coil pair whose area vectors are oriented perpendicular to the conveying plane.
• the two circular area centers of the detector coils are spaced from each other and the connecting line is oblique to the direction of movement, so that the two coils are not superimposed in their circular cross-sectional areas, but both offset in the direction of movement and transversely thereto.
• a part that changes the alternating field due to its material property so for example. forming a secondary alternating magnetic field in response to the alternating field, or e.g. has a permanent magnetic field from home, and which is moved past the sensor, first in time sequence, the direction of movement further upstream detector coil influenced. In this coil, a voltage which does not lift away with suitable subtraction is first induced. Only then does the detector coil arranged in the direction of movement come into the influence of the field inhomogeneity. The suitably formed difference signal of the detector coil pair reflects this information.
• the formation of the conveyor is largely arbitrary within the scope of the invention.
• the sensor device may e.g. also be arranged at a drop distance, which is e.g. a conveyor such as a conveyor belt or a chute connects.
• a drop distance which is e.g. a conveyor such as a conveyor belt or a chute connects.
• the direction of movement and the orientation of the conveyor plane change in this special case on the fall path of winning presses.
• Other conceivable delivery devices are known in the art.
• a sensor has a plurality of pairs of detector coils, for example four detector coils.
• a detector coil pair per sensor it is possible that a sensor has a plurality of pairs of detector coils, for example four detector coils.
• one detector coil pair per sensor is also considered to be a preferred embodiment because all the required information can be obtained therewith.
• the shape of the detector coils can be chosen arbitrarily.
• the detector coils of a sensor may e.g. also have a different shape, size or orientation in space. If the sensor is e.g. Due to such differences in shape in the undisturbed alternating field should show a difference signal significantly different from zero, can e.g. a zero balance can be made electronically to optimize the sensitivity. Even inhomogeneities of the undisturbed alternating field could thus be matched, albeit with great effort.
• the features of claim 2 are proposed. With essentially mirror-symmetrical design of the detector coil pair, the inductive coupling to the alternating field is largely identical for both detector coils.
• Both coils are exposed to the same total magnetic flux, provided that the alternating field is approximately homogeneous from the point of view of the detector coils. Therefore, in the suitably chosen, that is, the signs of the detector coil voltages considering subtraction automatically adjust approximately a zero balance.
• a total signal is first generated in pairs from the two detector coil voltages before evaluation, which can assume negative and positive values. It is for this purpose e.g. a measuring amplifier of conventional design used. The evaluation then takes place on the total signal of the sensor thus generated.
• the time length of the positive, ie mitphasigen, and negative, ie opposite phase therebetween dwell time for large parts to the time that the detected part needed to cross the sensor or the individual detector coils. This time is greater with a central crossing than with crossing at the edge of the sensor. Due to the inclination can still be clearly distinguished whether the part left or right of the sensor center has crossed the sensor.
• the position of the zero crossing also depends on the location of the crossing above the sensor. From this it can be calculated at which point the sensor was crossed.
• the location of the passage can be determined very accurately from the evaluation of the throughput times of a conveyed material part for one and / or the other of the detector coils of a pair, possibly linked to the position of the zero crossing and the knowledge of the inclination. It is thereby a resolution below the width of the sensor or the coil pair possible.
• the resolution is no longer determined by the sensor or coil size, but essentially by the accuracy of the skew, the accuracy of the measurement of the sensor signals and the accuracy of the evaluation of the time course.
• a multiple higher spatial resolution can be achieved, and e.g. several distributed to the sensor width and the sensor locally associated exhaust nozzles are controlled in a location-accurate due to the information of only one sensor.
• the inventive sensors with appropriate design of the evaluation device, an illustration at least the To obtain contour of the part that crosses the sensor device.
• the sensors are particularly sensitive to the entry or exit of a part in or out of the sensor area, while, for example, when the sensor is completely covered, the sensor delivers substantially no signal deviating from zero.
• a detailed image of the detected part can be obtained.
• the features of claim 17 are proposed.
• the evaluation of the time profile of the signals of several adjacent sensors can provide a relatively detailed picture of the shape and size of the detected part.
• a suitable or a plurality of suitably positioned discharge nozzles can be actuated, for example, not to blow an object at its edge, whereby the part would essentially only be rotated, but to act on the geometric center of gravity of the part.
• the Ausblasimpuls can be adapted to the part size, eg application of a strong Ausblasimpulses for large parts and a smaller Ausblasimpulses for small parts. It can thereby minimize the energy expenditure.
• the sensors could be arranged, for example, in any distribution in the sensor device. But this is disadvantageous for the evaluation and the control of the associated separation device.
• the sensors of the sensor device are therefore arranged in a row according to claim 3, which is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the mecanicgutgescheweg winninggutstromes.
• the term of the parts from the sensor to the effective range of the separator for all sensors in the line are the same and the control of the separator simplifies.
• the detector coils could e.g. be designed as circular coils with offset focal points. It could e.g. several detector coil pairs per sensor may be provided. According to claim 4, however, each sensor has only two detector coils, which are advantageously wound in a D-shape and spaced from each other. The two coils of a pair can e.g. to be wound in opposite directions, but an adjustment can also be made with the measuring amplifier.
• the alternating field could e.g. be generated by an excitation coil extending over all sensors.
• an excitation coil extending over all sensors.
• there is then no spatially very homogeneous field so that the voltages induced in the detector coils of a pair cancel out only inadequately.
• Fe materials or other magnetizable materials in a larger alternating field comprising multiple sensors will result in significant field line constrictions which will also produce signals on adjacent but not traded detector coil pairs. Cross-sensitivity becomes unacceptable for some applications.
• each sensor associated with an excitation coil.
• an improvement of the field homogeneity over the sensor coils can be obtained.
• the sensor device according to the invention could for example be composed of a suitable number of individual sensors.
• a plurality of sensors are arranged together on a fine conductor board.
• the coils can be designed very accurately, and also the production can be done with high precision.
• the use of boards allows accurate and rapid positioning of the sensors in the sensor device.
• the sensor device can be constructed, for example, from a single, all sensors supporting board. But it can also be composed of several smaller sensor boards.
• An advantage of using smaller sensor boards is that variable widths of the conveyed stream or conveyor can be covered by the addition of further sensor boards.
• a sensor board may have a linear array of five sensors.
• a sensor device With eight boards, which are housed in a common housing, for example, so a sensor device can be constructed with a sensor array of two lines, each with twenty sensors. Furthermore, the use of smaller sensor boards, for example, allows a modular structure, the individual boards could, for example, be operated and evaluated modularly. Another advantage of the boards arises from the ability to produce the coils, so both the exciter and the detector coils, in modern fine conductor technology and thus very high geometric accuracy.
• Disturbing interaction between the coils of adjacent sensors can be further reduced with the advantageous features of claim 10.
• the excitation coils are operated in frequency and in phase, for example in a range between 5 kHz and 1 MHz. It is thereby ensured, for example, that no crosstalk between adjacent sensors is detected, among other things, because each sensor has largely identically acting sensor neighbors whose influence can essentially cancel out due to the pairwise arrangement of the detector coils in total. Less environmental interference means improved measurement accuracy and higher sensor sensitivity.
• a possible interference by adjacent sensors is further reduced. Each sensor sees an identical neighborhood to the left and right of it, possibly in front of or behind it. Point symmetry at each sensor center would be optimal from a mathematical point of view. The ideal symmetry comes close to the features of claim 13.
• the sensors could e.g. be arranged as close as possible.
• the sensors are arranged according to claim 11 in a plurality of staggered rows, e.g. standing on a gap. Multiple rows of sensors can also be used to advantage to check results of the sensors in the one row for errors by comparison with results of the sensors in a second row.
• the range and sensitivity of the sensors can be increased by having the detector coils and / or the exciting coils according to claim 12, a core, e.g. a ferrite core or a core of other suitable material.
• Critical may be the edge regions of the sensor device, because the outermost sensors have only on one side of a neighboring sensor, the disturbance can not cancel so for reasons of symmetry.
• the sensor located outside in the line is nevertheless exposed to approximately the same proximity influences because next to it a sensor-free exciter coil is also arranged.
• the interference of adjacent exciter coils is much higher than the neighboring ones Detector coils. The additional effort would be in so far in no favorable ratio to additionally achieved parasitic reduction.
• the senor can detect large or centrally over the sensor moving bainteilchen only very bad, because in both detector coils substantially equal voltages are induced, which can cancel to about zero.
• a local resolution below the sensor width succeeds at the preferred 45 ° in an optimal manner.
• the frequency of the alternating field can be selected within wide limits. For example, a monofrequent field can be selected.
• the device for generating an electromagnetic alternating field for generating a multi-frequency alternating field is formed.
• the alternating field then represents a superimposition of several fields of different frequencies. For example, several discrete frequencies or eg a frequency band can be used. The use of such a frequency-mixed alternating field ensures that regardless of redesignteiliere, and redesign thereof always reliable detection takes place.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a sorting device according to the invention in side view
• FIG. 2a, 2b is a schematic diagram of the operation of an embodiment of a sensor of the sensor device according to the invention ( Figure 2a) with a plurality of signal waveforms of the signal supplied by the sensor ( Figure 2b),
• Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a possible circuit arrangement for the embodiment of a sensor according to Figure 2a.
• FIG. 4 shows a detail in plan view of an embodiment of a sensor device according to the invention in a schematic representation.
• Fig. 1 shows in a graphically greatly simplified form the basic structure of a sorting device 10 for sorting out a metallic fraction 15, 15 ', 15 "from a speciallygutstrom 13.
• a conveyor belt 12 which is fed in a manner not shown with conveyed material 13, for example via a upstream chute, which in turn is fed, for example, from a winninggutvorrat transported conveyed material 13 at a uniform speed over a disposed below the belt 12 sensor device 14. Details of the sensor device 14 will be explained later with reference to FIGS 2-4.
• the material to be conveyed 13 consists of a metallic fraction 15 and non-metallic spellgut turnover 16.
• the individual parts of the conveyed significant differences in size.
• e.g. be preceded by a screening step or the conveyed already present by a suitable treatment already in a uniform size.
• the sensor device 14 is connected via a data bus 18 to a value from and control device 20.
• the task of this evaluation and control device 20 is to expand the sensor data supplied by the sensor device 14 to determine whether a part to be sorted out passes through the sensor region detected by the sensor device. Furthermore, it is then appropriate time-delayed to control the separator 22, so that a detected metal part 15 'is sorted out.
• the expansion and control device 20 may e.g. also be integrated into the sensor device 14.
• the separating device 22 consists of an exhaust nozzle 24, which is arranged below the conveyor belt 12 to a drop distance. From the conveyor belt 12 falling constructively accelerating pulse on the baingutteil exercise and distract it from the undisturbed trajectory to another, eg wider flight parabola.
• the exhaust nozzle 24 is dominated by a valve 26, for example by a solenoid valve. The control of the valve via control lines 28 of the evaluation and control device 20.
• the valve 26 is a compressed air hose 32 dominantly formed, which compressed air from a compressed air reservoir 34 leads to the exhaust nozzle 24.
• the discharge nozzles 24 can be designed and controlled in such a way that the intensity of the blowout pulses can be selected to suit the parts to be sorted out.
• the conveyor belt 12 has a certain conveying width, and the conveyed material parts 13 are moved across the width across the sensor device 14. Therefore, the sensor device 14 extends across the width of the conveyor belt 12.
• a plurality of sensors 100 are arranged distributed over its width, so that the width position of a metal part 15 on the conveyor belt 12 can be determined.
• the separator 22 has a plurality of arranged in a row transversely to the direction of fall discharge nozzles 24, which are arranged covering the Fallwegumble suitably.
• the evaluation and control device 20 is designed to control that or those multiple exhaust nozzles 24 which are to be assigned to the position of the sensor or sensors in the sensor device 14 which have detected a conveyed material part 15.
• the evaluation and sensor device 20 takes into account the transit time of a particle from the sensor arrangement 14 to the blow-off position, ie until reaching the effective range of the blow-out nozzles 24.
• a measuring device communicating with the evaluation and control device 20 for detecting the belt speed can be provided for this purpose be.
• an angle encoder 29 is arranged on the guide roller 27 of the conveyor belt 12, which measures the instantaneous speed of the guide roller, from which results in the conveyor belt speed.
• the evaluation and control device 20 calculates with this instantaneous speed the correct time for the triggering of the exhaust nozzle 24th
• conveyor belts 12, 40 and 42 could be replaced individually or all by means of transport chutes or other conveying means, instead of the conveyor belts 40 and 42, containers could also be provided.
• FIGS. 2 a and 2 b show, in a basic representation, the mode of operation of a sensor 100 consisting of an exciter coil 102 and two detector coils 104, 106 wound in opposite directions.
• all the coils 102, 104, 106 have two windings. However, the number of turns can be chosen differently, wherein the detector coils 104 and 106 should have the same number of turns. Not shown are the electrical lines through which these coils 102, 104, 106 are energized.
• the contact surfaces associated with the coils 102, 104, 106 are designated by reference numerals 112, 114 and 116.
• the two detector coils 104 and 106 are concentrically surrounded as a coil pair of the exciter coil 102, which serves to generate an alternating field.
• This alternating field magnetic fields are induced in metal parts 15A, 15B, 15C which enter the effective range of the alternating field and the sensor 100.
• the exciter coil 102 is charged with a high-frequency alternating voltage, so it generates an electromagnetic alternating field with the same frequency. Typical frequencies can be e.g. in the kHz range. Frequency mixtures can also be used.
• Material items 13 made of a non-conductive material show no interaction with the alternating field.
• 15 A, 15 B and 15 C induced an electromagnetic alternating field according to typical, material-corresponding transfer function in conductive spellgutieri.
• the two detector coils 104 and 106 are arranged mirror-symmetrically to a mirror plane 115.
• This mirror plane 115 is inclined to the direction of movement 116 of the conveyed items 15A, 15B, 15C.
• the angle enclosed between the direction of movement 116 and the mirror plane 115 is 45 °.
• the centroid M of the detector coil 104 and the area center of gravity M 'of the detector coil 106 are connected by an imaginary connecting line L, which is oriented perpendicular to the mirror plane due to the 45 ° inclination.
• Fig. 2b three waveforms A, B, C of the signal supplied by the sensor 100 to the three metal parts 15 A, 15 B, 15 C are shown, these three parts pass through the sensor 100 at different locations.
• Part 15A traverses the sensor 100 in the center, while the parts 15B and 15C cross the sensor 100 farther out, in the case of part 15C only at the outer edge.
• the detector coil 104 located further in the direction of movement 116. As can be seen from the upper waveform A of FIG. 2b, this leads to an increase in the signal, that is to say the phase difference measurable between the two Detector coils 104 and 106 increase because the detector coil 106 further in the direction of movement 116 is not yet influenced by the alternating field induced in metal part 15A. Without limiting the generality, let it be assumed that the detector coil 104 delivers a positive signal component, while the detector coil 106 supplies a negative signal component. Under this assumption, the total signal A increases as soon as the metal part 15 A penetrates into the detection area of the detector coil 104.
• the signal A then reaches a constant value and then falls after a certain time, corresponding to the duration of the crossing of the detector coil 104, again to after a zero crossing, which corresponds to the crossing of the plane of symmetry 115 through the metal part 15 A, in the negative Area to go.
• a zero crossing which corresponds to the crossing of the plane of symmetry 115 through the metal part 15 A, in the negative Area to go.
• the signal A falls back to zero.
• the waveforms B and C shown in the metal parts 15B and 15C are the same ones.
• Metal part 15B reaches the area of influence of detector coil 104 somewhat later than part 15A.
• the transit time for detector coil 104 is also shorter than for metal part 15A, and symmetry plane 115 is reached sooner, so that the zero crossing also occurs earlier in time.
• the negative part of the total signal B is longer in time because the metal part 15B has to travel a longer distance across the detector coil 106. After metal particles 15B has also completely crossed over the second detector coil 106, here again the signal B drops back to zero, wherein metal part 15B leaves the sensor region in a shorter time than metal part 15 A. Therefore signal B is also shorter in time than signal A.
• metal part 15C the special case is that the detector coil 104 is not crossed at all. Therefore, the signal curve labeled B does not show a positive total signal component. It is therefore missing at a zero crossing. As metal part 15C reaches detector coil 106, the total signal goes into the negative signal region. The metal part 15C leaves after a relatively short time detector coil 106, so that the negative total signal duration is shorter than in the waveforms A and B shown to the metal parts 15A and 15B.
• the dash-dot lines shown parallel to the direction of movement 116 correspond to positions of the exhaust nozzles 24 assigned to the sensor 100, which were shown in FIG. Distributed over the width of the sensor 100 are seven of these blow-off nozzles 24, wherein the two outermost lying lying partially associated with this sensor 100, but in part also the left or right neighbor sensor.
• FIG. 3 shows in a block diagram a possible wiring of a sensor 100, the circuit being of exemplary nature only, and in particular in FIG Use of multiple sensors 100 of which looks differently designed.
• ADC chains or multiplexers, a row logic and parallel computers can be used.
• the architecture of the evaluation electronics is largely freely selectable and unaffected by the sensor structure.
• Such circuits are also generally known in the art, so it is not discussed further below.
• the control could e.g. via a conventional computer with suitable interfaces for communication with the sensor 100, the angle sensor 27 and the exhaust nozzles 24 done.
• the data volumes generated by the sensors will be so significant that computers and interfaces will reach their performance limits.
• the control, supply and signal evaluation of the sensor 100 is therefore taken over by an integrated, powerful microcontroller ( ⁇ C) 302.
• ⁇ C microcontroller
• This microcontroller 302 can also take over the control of the exhaust nozzles 24, we is about an interface and a bus line 303 with the valves to be switched 26 in conjunction. But a microcontroller solution is only one of several possibilities.
• the excitation coil 102 is acted upon by a power amplifier 305 with a suitable high-frequency AC voltage to produce an alternating field. It can also be given a frequency-mixed AC voltage to the exciter coil.
• the power amplifier 305 in turn is supplied by an upstream digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 307, which in turn is controlled by the microcontroller 302.
• DAC digital-to-analog converter
• the alternating voltage signal which can be tapped off at the detector coils 104 and 106 is fed to a measuring amplifier 309, which is designed as a differential amplifier, and an analogue alternating signal to an analogue amplifier.
• Digital Converter (ADC) 311 provides, via which the signal of the sense amplifier 309 in turn passes back to the microcontroller 302. There or in another computer device, the signal is evaluated as described above for Fig. 2b, for example.
• the tasks of the microcontroller 302 could also be extended to the expansion and overall control of the sorter 10 by proper training, and may be e.g. be integrated into the sensor device 14 as digital hardware and firmware. Because of the parallel requirement of the same real-time mathematics for the multiple sensors 100 and the data streams generated thereby, the use of parallel computing and digital signal processors is beneficial.
• FIG. 4 shows a top view of a detail of a sensor device 14 with two rows of sensors 100, which correspond to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2a.
• these sensors 100 are arranged in groups on a circuit board 402. Without loss of generality, e.g. each five sensors 100 per board 402 may be provided.
• the sensors 100 are within the rows at equal intervals, the sensors 100 of the one line are in gap to the sensors 100 of the other line. All sensors 100 show the same inclination of the plane of symmetry 115 relative to the direction of movement 116, which here corresponds to the direction of the dotted lines, which, as already in Fig. 2a, the local arrangement of the exhaust nozzles V1-V20 (24), depending on the sensor signals for blowing a detected metal part 15 are driven.
• the distances between the sensors 100 within a row are smaller than the diameter of the detector coils 104, 106, so that due to the offset th arrangement of the two rows results in an overlap in width.
• a metal part running, for example, along that trajectory which can be assigned to the blow-off valve V5 passes over both sensor 100 'and sensor 100 ".
• the evaluation and control device 20 can, for example, adjust to that effect make sure that the detection of a metal part by sensor 100 'at a certain location coincides with the detection message of sensor 100 "that is offset in time. Furthermore, in such an arrangement, a plausibility check can be performed on parts which are wider than the valve spacing.
• a part that covers the valve line V1 and V2 can be calculated in its contour: the first sensor 100 of the upper line responds with the same positive and negative signal time. The sweeping at the level of the line V2 could not be measured by the first sensor 100. Since, however, the first sensor 100 "of the lower line now reacts exclusively and with a positive signal, the part along the lines V1 and V2 must have crossed the sensors 100 and 100". If the part is even larger, so it sweeps over the sensors 100 and 100 "eg along the lines V1, V2 and V3, so the first sensor 100" of the lower line reacts with a long positive signal and a short negative. It can therefore be concluded that the sensors have been swept across the width of the lines V1, V2 and V3. It can be interpolated according to this principle, almost every conceivable part width, which is larger than the sensors themselves.
• the sensor device 10 permits high-resolution locating of electromagnetically detectable parts which are moved over the sensor device 14.
• suitable evaluation of the sensor signals for example by the signals of several adjacent sensors or even all sensors and by adding interpolation according to the just described principle, a complete image of the detected parts can be obtained.
• the Sensor device 14 shown by way of example functions reliably for a very wide range of sizes of the parts to be detected, that is to say both for parts which are smaller than the diameter of sensors 100 and for parts which run over a plurality of sensors 100 at the same time.

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• Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
• Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
• Discharge Of Articles From Conveyors (AREA)
• Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
• Control Of Conveyors (AREA)

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• 2005
  • 2005-10-10 DE DE102005048757A patent/DE102005048757A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2006
  • 2006-09-25 WO PCT/EP2006/009272 patent/WO2007042139A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2006-09-25 DE DE202006020496U patent/DE202006020496U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2006-09-25 EP EP06805832A patent/EP1940564B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
  • 2006-09-25 DE DE502006002284T patent/DE502006002284D1/de active Active
  • 2006-09-25 AT AT06805832T patent/ATE416042T1/de active

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