EP1938669B1 - Verfahren zum betreiben einer gasentladungslampe - Google Patents

Verfahren zum betreiben einer gasentladungslampe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1938669B1
EP1938669B1 EP06807211A EP06807211A EP1938669B1 EP 1938669 B1 EP1938669 B1 EP 1938669B1 EP 06807211 A EP06807211 A EP 06807211A EP 06807211 A EP06807211 A EP 06807211A EP 1938669 B1 EP1938669 B1 EP 1938669B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
current pulse
current
lamp
gas discharge
duration
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06807211A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1938669A1 (de
Inventor
Martin BRÜCKEL
Simon Lankes
Andre Nauen
Bernhard Reiter
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Osram GmbH
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Osram GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Osram GmbH filed Critical Osram GmbH
Publication of EP1938669A1 publication Critical patent/EP1938669A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1938669B1 publication Critical patent/EP1938669B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/292—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
    • H05B41/292—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2928—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the lamp against abnormal operating conditions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of operating a gas discharge lamp, wherein the shape of at least one electrode of the gas discharge lamp is changed to produce optimum operating conditions, wherein the gas discharge lamp is powered by an AC voltage or an AC current or by a DC or DC.
  • HID High Intensity Discharge
  • HID (High Intensity Discharge) lamps which are used for example for video projections, is that grow on the two electrodes of these lamps in the course of the operating life structures.
  • a burning back of the electrodes increases the electrode spacing and thus also the burning voltage of this HID lamp.
  • the increase in the burning voltage can be about 0.05V per hour to about 1V per hour.
  • the growth of such structures or such a peak growth reduces the electrode spacing and thus also the burning voltage of the HID lamp is reduced.
  • Typical values here are about 1V to about 20V within a period of about 15 minutes to a few hours.
  • a typical course of the burning voltage results from the superposition of these two effects, which on the one hand by the growth these structures and on the other hand given by the back burning of the electrodes.
  • the burning voltage can be about 70V in the usual way for a HID lamp when this HID lamp is new and has no operating hours.
  • a lowering of the burning voltage can be made to about 40V to about 60V.
  • the operating voltage of the electric lamp can increase up to about 130V over the life of the electric lamp. As this example shows, it can happen in particular that the burning voltage in the serious about 300 hours of operation by such. Peak growth or by such grown structures below the value that the electric lamp has in mint condition.
  • HID lamps are approximately temperature-dependent voltage sources, i. the temperature distribution in the so-called burner of the lamp determines the burning voltage.
  • the lamp power is adjusted by the fact that for a given lamp voltage so much power is supplied by an electronic ballast connected to the lamp that the lamp power corresponds to a target value.
  • the lamp power is controlled very accurately and has only a tolerance range lying within a few percent range. This is done in order to control the light output of the projection system.
  • Electronic ballasts for HID lamps usually have a maximum possible output current.
  • the maximum possible RMS (root mean square) value of the output current I RMS_max depends inter alia on the maximum permissible ohmic heating of the components of the electronic ballast itself and of the environment in which the electronic ballast is located. In particular, this maximum permissible ohmic heating is dependent on any existing cooling of the electronic ballast.
  • the short-term possible maximum current (for times smaller than the setting of the thermal equilibrium) is generally higher than the maximum possible current I RMS_max .
  • the short-term possible maximum current usually depends on other component properties than the permanently possible maximum current I RM_ max .
  • the short-term possible maximum current depends on the maximum possible modulation of inductances, without these going into saturation.
  • this short-term maximum possible current may depend on the permissible maximum peak current of semiconductor switches and diodes.
  • the maximum possible lamp power depends on the maximum possible output current I Rms_max of the electronic ballast.
  • the maximum possible lamp power in the first about 300 hours of operation thereby decrease that lowers the burning voltage of the HID lamp by growing structures on the electrodes.
  • Due to the given maximum output current I RMS_max of the electronic ballast thereby decreases the maximum possible lamp power of the system.
  • the HID lamp can no longer be operated at its nominal power.
  • the HID lamp does not reach its nominal operating temperature by operating below its nominal power.
  • the lamp voltage in turn is temperature-dependent. In the usual temperature range, it increases with increasing burner temperature.
  • the effect of the growth of structures on the electrodes and the thus forced operation at too low lamp power can therefore also be reinforced by the thereby adjusting too low temperature in the interior of the lamp.
  • the growth of structures on the electrodes can thus lead to the HID lamp with undesirable operating parameters, in particular to low lamp voltage (depending on burner temperature and distance of grown on the electrodes structures) and therefore due to the limited maximum output current I RMS_max of the electronic Ballast with too low lamp power is running.
  • a method and apparatus for operating a gas discharge lamp in which a desired growth of structures on the electrodes of a gas discharge lamp thereby to achieve, at certain time intervals, the instantaneous power of the lamp is increased, the values of at least one operating time of the lamp changing over time being measured continuously or discontinuously, and the frequency of the AC voltage or AC being chosen in dependence on the measured values ,
  • the transport processes taking place during operation of a gas discharge lamp are to be used in the known method to grow structures in a targeted manner onto the electrodes. This is done in the known method by varying the lamp frequency. By controlling the operating frequency in a controlled manner, the transport phenomena are used to create material on the electrodes.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method for operating a gas discharge lamp, with which the change in the shape of the electrodes of the gas discharge lamp in safer and can be carried out with little effort.
  • an optimal operation of the gas discharge lamp with improved life characteristics is to be made possible.
  • a shaping of at least one electrode of the gas discharge lamp is changed during the operating period of the gas discharge lamp.
  • the gas discharge lamp can be operated with alternating voltage or with alternating current. However, it can also be operated with DC or DC.
  • An essential idea of the invention is that the shaping of at least one electrode is influenced by the fact that at least one current pulse is generated by changing the lamp current for a presettable period of time.
  • the current pulse is generated in such a way that at least some of the structures grown on the at least one electrode of the gas discharge lamp are removed, the current pulse being generated for the duration of at least one complete half cycle of the alternating voltage or the alternating current when the gas discharge lamp is supplied with alternating voltage or alternating current ,
  • the increase of the current and thus the generation of the current pulse is thereby carried out over the duration of an entire half wave, in particular over the duration of several half waves.
  • the current pulse is generated for a period of about 0.1 s to about 5 s.
  • the mean value of the current is increased for the said period of time.
  • an independent current pulse is generated by increasing the lamp current and not as in the prior art of DE 100 21 537 A1 carried out at the end of a half-wave on the alternating current quasi patch short-term increase in current.
  • the invention provides that the current pulse is generated during a startup phase of the gas discharge lamp. This is particularly advantageous, since changes in the emitted light of the gas discharge lamp and thus in the image of the video projection device are not perceived as disturbing, as might be the case, for example, during the actual operation after the run-up.
  • the method according to the invention enables uniform operation over a long period of time. This is a significant advantage, in particular in the case of HID lamps for projection systems, since excessive growth of structures can virtually be prevented continuously and the distance between the electrodes can thus be maintained essentially unchanged. This in turn has an advantageous effect on the continuity of the burning voltage and thus on the entire operation of the gas discharge lamp.
  • the amplitude of the current pulse and / or the course of the current pulse and / or the duration of the current pulse and / or the time of generating the current pulse is generated as a function of at least one operating parameter of the gas discharge lamp.
  • a detected lamp voltage of the gas discharge lamp and / or a detected course of this lamp voltage are used as operating parameters.
  • the amplitude of the current pulse and / or the course of the current pulse and / or the duration of the current pulse and / or the time of generating the current pulse depending on exceeding or falling below the lamp voltage threshold.
  • the amplitude of the current pulse and / or the course of the current pulse and / or the duration of the current pulse and / or the time of generating the current pulse can advantageously also be generated such that the grown on at least one electrode structures are removed and at the same time the current load with the gas discharge lamp connected electronic ballast can be kept low and remains essentially unchanged.
  • the current pulse is thus generated in an advantageous manner such that the grown structures are at least partially removed or grown tips are melted and the current load or the thermal load of the electronic ballast or its components is low.
  • the generation of the current pulse can also be such that the visible effect of the current pulses on the emitted light of the gas discharge lamp or the image of a projection unit is small and in particular imperceptible by an observer.
  • the duration of the current pulse in a time interval is between about 0.1s and 10s.
  • the duration of the current pulse is preferably less than two seconds, in particular less than one second.
  • Such short pulses with increased current can already allow melting of grown structures and thereby cause an increase in the burning voltage by up to about 20V.
  • a peak value of the current pulse is greater than a maximum permissible current value of an electronic ballast, which is electrically connected to the gas discharge lamp, at least for a predefinable period of time.
  • the amplitude of the current pulse and / or the duration of the current pulse and / or the shape of the current pulse can be selected so that the electronic ballast is not heated more than permissible for the application. This can be prevented that components of the electronic ballast overloaded or impaired in their function or even destroyed.
  • the profile of the lamp voltage of the gas discharge lamp is detected during the duration of the current pulse, and the amplitude of the current pulse and / or the course of the current pulse and / or the duration of the current pulse is generated as a function of the detected course of the lamp voltage , whereby, a minimization of the load of a connected to the gas discharge lamp electronic Ballast can be achieved and a visible change in the emitted light of the gas discharge lamp can be minimized.
  • the amplitude of the current pulse and / or the course of the current pulse and / or the time duration of the current pulse and / or the time of generating the current pulse are generated such that the rate of increase of the lamp voltage and / or the value of the lamp voltage after the expiration of the period of the current pulse correspond to desired and required values.
  • the amplitude of the current pulse can only be set so high that a melting of the tips or a removal of the grown-up structures can barely be achieved. This also protects the electronic ballast and the gas discharge lamp and the emitted light of the gas discharge lamp changes in a minimal manner. As a result, a slow and controllable change in the lamp voltage can be achieved. This in turn allows a more targeted control of the lamp voltage, which adjusts after switching off the current pulse or after the end of the duration of the current pulse.
  • the amplitude of the current pulse and / or the course of the current pulse and / or the time of the current pulse and / or the time of generating the current pulse is preferably dependent on a thermal load of an electronic ballast, which is electrically connected to the gas discharge lamp.
  • the electronic ballast detects the lamp voltage and the course stores the lamp voltage in a preferred manner.
  • the course of this lamp voltage can also remain stored in the memory beyond the switching off of the electronic ballast.
  • a storage of the course of the lamp voltage can also take place over several operating cycles of the gas discharge lamp.
  • the course during the run-up phase can be detected as the time course of the lamp voltage. It is also possible to detect the chronological course of the burning voltage after the run-up phase.
  • the course of the lamp voltage during firing phases can be detected prior to a currently performed firing phase when the gas discharge lamp and the electronic ballast have been switched off in the meantime.
  • a current pulse is only generated if the measured lamp voltage is smaller than a predefinable limit value. It can also be provided that the current pulse is generated only if the measured course of the lamp voltage indicates that the lamp voltage could drop below a predefinable limit value due to grown-up structures in the future.
  • the limit value may be chosen such that the probability of a drop in the lamp voltage below a minimum value at which the electronic ballast enters the current limit is less than or equal to a minimum probability value.
  • the electronic ballast connected to the gas discharge lamp generates a desired value for ventilation of the electronic ballast during the generated current pulse, thereby making it possible, if necessary a higher or longer current pulse can be generated with constant ventilation.
  • the current pulse can thus be generated as a function of the ventilation of the electronic ballast.
  • the temperature of the electronic ballast or individual components can be detected for example via one or more temperature sensors.
  • the current pulse is generated and supplied to the electrodes of the gas discharge lamp.
  • that electrode which then has the operating state of an anode, experiences the action of the current pulse and the structures grown on it are at least partially removed or melted off.
  • the current pulse is applied to that electrode, which at this point in the operating state functions as an anode or is operated.
  • the current pulse is then at least for a half-wave always at the first electrode when it is operated as an anode, and is for at least one half-wave always at the second electrode of the gas discharge lamp when the second electrode is operated as an anode.
  • the light output of the electric lamp can be kept essentially constant in the time periods in which no generation of a current pulse is carried out in comparison with the time periods in which a current pulse is generated.
  • substantially no loss of power occurs, as a result of which the luminous flux and thus the light generated by the gas discharge lamp also has no fluctuation which could be perceived by the human eye of an observer.
  • a lower current load of the electronic ballast can be achieved.
  • the duration of a current pulse may be between about 100ms and about 3s.
  • the current pulse is applied to an electrode for about 10 to about 500 halfwaves, wherein the operating frequency of the electric lamp may be between about 50Hz and about 200Hz.
  • FIG. 1 The diagram shown is the course of a lamp voltage U L HID lamp as a function of time. Likewise, the course of a current pulse I RMS_L is shown in the diagram.
  • the HID lamp is supplied with alternating voltage or alternating current.
  • the lamp voltage has a substantially constant value of about 53V up to the time t 1 .
  • the lamp current I RMS_L is also in time until time t 1 Substantially constant and has a value of about 3A in the exemplary embodiment.
  • the lamp current I RMS_L is increased and generates a current pulse.
  • the current pulse has a period t 3 - t 1 . In the exemplary embodiment, this is a period of about 600 ms. As further out FIG. 1 can be seen, the RMS value of the current pulse over the entire time period t 3 - t 1 is substantially constant and has a value of about 4A in the embodiment.
  • the burning voltage or the lamp voltage U L of the HID lamp also increases because the structures grown on the electrodes of the HID lamp are melted by the current pulse.
  • the lamp voltage U L increases relatively strongly only up to a time t 2 and already reaches a value of about 66 V at this time t 2 . In the period between the times t 2 and t 3 , the lamp voltage U L no longer or only insignificantly increases. With the lapse of the duration of the current pulse at time t 3 , and thus reducing the lamp current I RMS_L back to the value of about 3A, the lamp voltage UL rises again in a relatively short period of time. As in FIG. 1 can be seen, a final value of about 70V is achieved in the embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a further course of the lamp voltage U L and the lamp current I shown.
  • the lamp current I is in the time interval between the times 0 and t 1 depending on the respective half-wave between the values I 1 and -I 1 of the lamp current is.
  • the lamp current I is increased and generates a current pulse.
  • the current pulse for a period t 2 - t 1 and a plurality of half-waves is generated.
  • the lamp current increase takes place in such a way that the current amplitudes of the current pulse depend on the half-wave I 2 or -I 2 .
  • the current pulse is terminated again and the lamp current is reduced again to the maximum amplitude values I 1 or I 1 .
  • FIG. 3 a further embodiment of the method according to the invention is shown.
  • a current pulse is generated which, for at least one half-cycle, is applied in each case to that electrode of the HID lamp which is operated as an anode at this time and for the corresponding time duration.
  • the lamp current is again set in the time interval between the times 0 and t 1 such that the amplitudes have the values I 1 and -I 1 , depending on the respective half-wave.
  • the lamp current is increased by ⁇ I (current pulse).
  • a current pulse is thus generated over a plurality of half-waves, which is applied to the one electrode (first electrode) of the HID lamp, which is operated as an anode in this period.
  • the lamp current has amplitude values I 1 + ⁇ I and - (I 1 - ⁇ I).
  • the lamp current is set such that the current pulse generated over a plurality of half-waves is applied to the second electrode, which is in this
  • Duration is operated as an anode.
  • the lamp current has amplitude values I 1 - ⁇ I and - (I 1 + ⁇ I).
  • the current pulse is terminated and the lamp current according to the time interval t 1 - 0 set.
  • the invention is not limited to the use of gas discharge lamps powered by AC or AC. Rather, the principle of a sufficiently long generation of a current pulse can also be applied to a gas discharge lamp, which is fed with DC or DC. It is essential that the current pulse for a period of time which is between 0.1 s and 5 s, is generated or the direct current, in particular the average, is increased for such a period of time.

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  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
EP06807211A 2005-10-17 2006-10-12 Verfahren zum betreiben einer gasentladungslampe Not-in-force EP1938669B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005049582A DE102005049582A1 (de) 2005-10-17 2005-10-17 Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Gasentladungslampe
PCT/EP2006/067346 WO2007045599A1 (de) 2005-10-17 2006-10-12 Verfahren zum betreiben einer gasentladungslampe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1938669A1 EP1938669A1 (de) 2008-07-02
EP1938669B1 true EP1938669B1 (de) 2011-04-06

Family

ID=37440675

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06807211A Not-in-force EP1938669B1 (de) 2005-10-17 2006-10-12 Verfahren zum betreiben einer gasentladungslampe

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US8456099B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1938669B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2009512170A (zh)
KR (1) KR101358175B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN101288344B (zh)
AT (1) ATE505064T1 (zh)
CA (1) CA2625059C (zh)
DE (2) DE102005049582A1 (zh)
TW (1) TW200740302A (zh)
WO (1) WO2007045599A1 (zh)

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JP4438826B2 (ja) * 2007-06-04 2010-03-24 セイコーエプソン株式会社 プロジェクタ及びプロジェクタ用光源装置の駆動方法
JP5313243B2 (ja) * 2007-07-10 2013-10-09 コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェ ガス放電ランプを駆動するための方法及び駆動ユニット
CN101790900A (zh) * 2007-09-27 2010-07-28 岩崎电气株式会社 高压放电灯镇流器、高压放电灯驱动方法及投影仪
JP4470985B2 (ja) * 2007-09-28 2010-06-02 セイコーエプソン株式会社 光源装置、及びプロジェクタ
JP4548519B2 (ja) 2007-10-16 2010-09-22 セイコーエプソン株式会社 光源装置
WO2010007557A1 (en) * 2008-07-14 2010-01-21 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh Method of driving a gas-discharge lamp
DE102009006338B4 (de) 2009-01-27 2018-06-28 Osram Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Gasentladungslampe mit Gleichspannungsphasen und elektronisches Betriebsgerät zum Betreiben einer Gasentladungslampe sowie Projektor, welche dieses Verfahren nutzen
DE102009006339A1 (de) 2009-01-27 2010-09-16 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren und elektronisches Betriebsgerät zum Betreiben einer Gasentladungslampe sowie Projektor
JP4697326B2 (ja) * 2009-04-01 2011-06-08 ウシオ電機株式会社 高圧放電ランプ点灯装置
GB2521666A (en) * 2013-12-27 2015-07-01 Digital Projection Ltd Extended life discharge lamp

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TW339496B (en) * 1994-06-22 1998-09-01 Philips Electronics Nv Method and circuit arrangement for operating a high-pressure discharge lamp
KR100664337B1 (ko) * 1998-12-17 2007-01-02 코닌클리즈케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이. 회로 장치
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101288344A (zh) 2008-10-15
JP2009512170A (ja) 2009-03-19
CN101288344B (zh) 2012-07-18
TW200740302A (en) 2007-10-16
ATE505064T1 (de) 2011-04-15
US20090256491A1 (en) 2009-10-15
DE102005049582A1 (de) 2007-04-19
WO2007045599A1 (de) 2007-04-26
DE502006009277D1 (de) 2011-05-19
EP1938669A1 (de) 2008-07-02
KR101358175B1 (ko) 2014-02-07
CA2625059C (en) 2017-03-07
US8456099B2 (en) 2013-06-04
KR20080067349A (ko) 2008-07-18
CA2625059A1 (en) 2007-04-26

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