EP1922472A1 - Gasturbine mit einer einrichtung zur detektion eines wellenbruchs - Google Patents
Gasturbine mit einer einrichtung zur detektion eines wellenbruchsInfo
- Publication number
- EP1922472A1 EP1922472A1 EP06775914A EP06775914A EP1922472A1 EP 1922472 A1 EP1922472 A1 EP 1922472A1 EP 06775914 A EP06775914 A EP 06775914A EP 06775914 A EP06775914 A EP 06775914A EP 1922472 A1 EP1922472 A1 EP 1922472A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- turbine
- rotor
- sensor element
- shaft
- stator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
- F01D21/04—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for responsive to undesired position of rotor relative to stator or to breaking-off of a part of the rotor, e.g. indicating such position
- F01D21/045—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for responsive to undesired position of rotor relative to stator or to breaking-off of a part of the rotor, e.g. indicating such position special arrangements in stators or in rotors dealing with breaking-off of part of rotor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/80—Diagnostics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/90—Braking
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for detecting a shaft fracture on a gas turbine. Furthermore, the invention relates to a gas turbine.
- Gas turbines designed as aircraft engines have at least one compressor, at least one combustion chamber and at least one turbine.
- Aircraft engines are known from the prior art, on the one hand have three upstream of the combustion chamber positioned compressor and three positioned downstream of the combustion chamber turbines.
- the three compressors are a low-pressure compressor, a medium-pressure compressor and a high-pressure compressor.
- the three turbines are a high-pressure turbine, a medium-pressure turbine and a low-pressure turbine.
- the rotors of high-pressure compressor and high-pressure turbine, medium-pressure compressor and medium-pressure turbine and low-pressure compressor and low-pressure turbine are connected by a respective shaft, wherein the three shafts surround each other concentrically and are thus interleaved.
- the intermediate-pressure compressor of the medium-pressure turbine can no longer extract any work or power, which can then lead to an overspeed at the medium-pressure turbine.
- spin-off of the medium-pressure turbine must be avoided, as this can damage the entire aircraft engine.
- a shaft break on a gas turbine must be reliably detectable in order to interrupt a fuel supply to the combustion chamber when a shaft fracture occurs.
- Such a detection of a wave fracture is particularly difficult if the gas turbine, as described above, has three concentrically enclosing and thus nested waves. In this case, especially the detection of a shaft breakage of the middle wave, which couples the intermediate-pressure turbine with the medium-pressure compressor, presents difficulties.
- a similar problem also arises with stationary gas turbines.
- the present invention is based on the problem to provide a novel device for detecting a shaft fracture on a gas turbine.
- This problem is solved by a device for detecting a shaft fracture on a gas turbine in the sense of claim 1.
- a device for detecting a shaft fracture on a rotor of a turbine of a gas turbine is proposed, wherein downstream of the turbine at least one stator-side sensor element is positioned, in particular in the region of a stator vane ring of another turbine, in particular a low-pressure turbine, and wherein at a shaft break of the rotor of the turbine, a radially outward section of a rotor-side rotor blade ring of the turbine seen in the direction of flow cooperates with the or each sensor element in order to generate an electrical signal corresponding to the shaft break.
- At least one stator-side sensor element is preferably assigned to a low-pressure turbine positioned downstream of a middle-pressure turbine in the direction of flow, wherein in the case of a shaft fracture the radially outer section of the last rotor-side rotor ring of the intermediate-pressure turbines interacts with the or each sensor element in the direction of flow. that a wave break can be detected.
- an electrical signal corresponding to the shaft break is generated and transmitted to a switching element in order to interrupt the fuel supply to the combustion chamber in response to the shaft break.
- the or each sensor element as a conductor, in particular as a mineral-insulated conductor, formed at a shaft breakage of the rotor of the turbine, the radially outer portion of the seen in the direction of flow last rotor-side blade ring the or each conductor severed and so a wave breaking corresponding electrical signal generated.
- the inventive gas turbine is defined in claim 12.
- Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail of the arrangement of Fig. 1;
- FIG. 3 shows a detail of a gas turbine according to the invention with an inventive device for detecting a shaft fracture on a gas turbine according to a second exemplary embodiment of the invention
- Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail of the arrangement of Fig. 3;
- FIG. 5 shows a detail of a gas turbine according to the invention with an inventive device for detecting a shaft fracture on a gas turbine according to a third exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 6 shows a detail of a gas turbine according to the invention with a device according to the invention for detecting a shaft fracture on a gas turbine according to a further embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a detail of a gas turbine according to the invention, namely an aircraft engine, according to a first exemplary embodiment of the invention between a rotor of a medium-pressure turbine 10 and a stator of a low-pressure turbine 11.
- the rotor of the medium-pressure turbine 10 has a radially outer portion 12 of a rotor blade 13 of FIG in the flow direction (arrow 14) seen last blade ring of the medium-pressure turbine 10. From the stator of the low-pressure turbine 11, a radially outer portion 15 of a vane 16 of the direction of flow (arrow 14) seen first vane ring of the low-pressure turbine 11 and a housing section 17 is shown.
- the first or leading vane ring of the low-pressure turbine 11 seen in the direction of flow accordingly adjoins the last or rearmost vane ring of the medium-pressure turbine 10, as seen in the direction of flow. Upstream of the medium pressure turbines 10, a high pressure turbine is positioned.
- At least one sensor element 18 is positioned in the exemplary embodiments shown.
- the or each sensor element 18 is associated with a radially outer portion of this vane ring of the low-pressure turbine 11 and thus a radially outer portion of a flow channel of the low-pressure turbine 11.
- the or each sensor element 18 acts to detect a shaft fracture with the radially outer portion 12 of the last rotor-side blade ring of the medium-pressure turbine 10 seen in the flow direction (arrow 14) such that at a shaft break the rearmost or last blade ring seen in the flow direction the medium-pressure turbine 10 with the radially outer portion 12 contacted the sensor element 18 and thereby preferably cut, so as to generate a wave breaking corresponding electrical signal and transmit to a non-illustrated switching element.
- the or each sensor element is designed as an electrical conductor, preferably as a mineral-insulated conductor, which is severed at a shaft break from the radially outer portion 12 of the last seen in the flow direction of the rotor blade ring of the medium-pressure turbine 10.
- the rotor of the medium-pressure turbine 10 is moved in the direction of flow (arrow 14) and thus in the direction of the first guide vane ring of the low-pressure turbine 11 in the case of a shaft break of the shaft connecting the medium-pressure turbine 10 with the medium-pressure compressor (not shown).
- the or each sensor element 18 designed as a conductor is severed by a section 19 of an outer cover band projecting in the flow direction of the last rotor blade ring of the medium-pressure turbine 10, viewed in the flow direction.
- the or each sensor element 18 is fed radially from the first vane ring of the low-pressure turbine 11 as viewed in the direction of flow, and a recess 21 of the first vane ring of the low-pressure turbine 11 is introduced with an end section 20 m, this recess 21 is associated with the radially outer portion 15 of the vanes 16 of the first vane ring of the low-pressure turbine 11.
- the respective end portion 20 of the or each sensor element 18 projects into the respective recess 21 and is enclosed in the vane ring 16.
- the recess 21 is thereby limited to the direction of flow in the last, rotor-side blade ring of the medium-pressure turbine 10 facing side of a material thickness which can be severed or penetrated at a shaft break of the section 19 of the outer shroud of the past in the flow direction last blade ring of the central pressure turbine 10. After penetrating this material section, the section 19 reaches the end section 20 of the respective sensor element 18, cuts through the sensor element 18 and thus generates an electrical signal corresponding to the shaft break. As can be seen in particular from FIG.
- an opening 22 is formed in the region of the recess 21, which establishes a connection of the recess 21 to the flow channel so as to guide a flow for cooling the respective sensor element 18 through the recess 21.
- Fig. 2 illustrates with arrows 23 passing the respective sensor element 18 flow to the same cooling. This flow is preferably branched off from a relatively cold bypass flow, guided past the respective sensor element 18 and guided via the opening 22 into the flow channel of the low-pressure turbine 11.
- the or each sensor element 18 is guided arcuately coming from radially outside to introduce the end portion 20 in the respective recess 21.
- a ferrule 24 engages on the housing 17 in order to drive and seal the respective sensor element 18.
- a plurality of such sensor elements 18 are positioned so as to be equally distributed over the circumference of the vane ring of the low-pressure turbine 11, with a shaft break being closed when severing at least one such sensor element.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 show a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention, which essentially corresponds to the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the same reference numerals are used for the same assemblies and it is subsequently Only the details are dealt with by which the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4 differs from the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the or each sensor element 18 in turn fed from the radially outside the first Le ⁇ tschaufelkranz the low-pressure turbine 11 and introduced into a corresponding recess 21, wherein in the exemplary embodiment of FIGS.
- the sensor element 18 rectilinear is introduced without deflections or bends with the end portion 20 in the corresponding recess 21.
- the sensor element 18 can simply be pulled out of the recess 21 without the gas turbine, in particular the low-pressure turbine 11 of the same, having to be dismantled.
- the remaining details can be refer to the comments on the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2.
- Fig. 5 shows a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- the or each sensor element 18 is surrounded by a reinforcement 25 or a reinforcement.
- the or [each sensor element 18 penetrates together with the respective reinforcement 25 a recess 21 of the first vane ring of the low-pressure turbine 11 seen in the direction of flow, but in contrast to the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 or FIGS.
- the end portion 20 of the sensor element 18 is not enclosed in the vane ring, but rather protrudes into the flow channel, in a section between the last viewed in the flow direction, the rotor side blade ring of the mid-pressure turbines 10 and seen in the flow direction first, statorseiti- gene
- the section 19 of the outer cover band of the rotor blade ring of the medium-pressure turbine 10 must penetrate or penetrate the reinforcement 25 so as to sever the corresponding sensor element 18 and correspond to the shaft break generating electric signal.
- the reinforcement 25 has an opening 26 integrated therewith so as to guide a flow for cooling the respective sensor element 18 between the reinforcement 25 and the respective sensor element 18. This flow can then escape via the opening 26 in the flow channel of the low-pressure turbine 11.
- FIG. 6 A further exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 6, which corresponds essentially to the embodiment of FIG. 3.
- the difference between the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 6 and the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 3 is that in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 6, the reinforcement 25 is additionally present.
- the reinforcement 25 is additionally present.
- the direction of flow direction projecting portion 19 of the last seen in the direction of flow last blade ring of the medium-pressure turbine 10 both the recess 20 on the side facing the blade ring limiting material and the reinforcement 25 to contact in contact to get to the sensor 18.
- the or each sensor element is positioned in the region of a stator vane ring. It should be noted that the or each sensor element can also be assigned to other stator-side assemblies of the gas turbine.
- a device for detecting a shaft fracture on a rotor of a gas turbine wherein a radially outer end of a seen in the flow direction last runner blade of the turbine, which is connected to the shaft to be monitored with respect to the wave shaft, with at least one sensor element cooperates, which is associated with a stator, in particular a seen in the flow direction first vane ring of a turbine positioned downstream, located.
- the or each sensor element is preferably designed as a mutually insulated conductor, which in case of a shaft break from a viewed in the direction of flow protruding portion of an outer cover band m m flow direction last blade ring of the turbine, which is connected to the shaft to be monitored with respect to the wave breaking or severed becomes.
- the mineral-insulated conductor has a diameter between 1 and 4 mm, preferably a diameter between 2 and 3 mm.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102005042271A DE102005042271A1 (de) | 2005-09-06 | 2005-09-06 | Einrichtung zur Detektion eines Wellenbruchs an einer Gasturbine sowie Gasturbine |
PCT/DE2006/001496 WO2007028354A1 (de) | 2005-09-06 | 2006-08-26 | Gasturbine mit einer einrichtung zur detektion eines wellenbruchs |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1922472A1 true EP1922472A1 (de) | 2008-05-21 |
EP1922472B1 EP1922472B1 (de) | 2017-08-09 |
Family
ID=37441075
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06775914.2A Ceased EP1922472B1 (de) | 2005-09-06 | 2006-08-26 | Gasturbine mit einer einrichtung zur detektion eines wellenbruchs |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8371804B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1922472B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102005042271A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2007028354A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2907839B1 (fr) * | 2006-10-25 | 2011-06-17 | Snecma | Methode pour reduire la vitesse en cas de rupture d'arbre de turbine de moteur a turbine a gaz |
GB2468686A (en) * | 2009-03-18 | 2010-09-22 | Weston Aerospace Ltd | System and method for detecting abnormal movement in a gas turbine shaft |
GB2494703B (en) | 2011-09-16 | 2016-08-03 | Weston Aerospace Ltd | System and method for detecting abnormal movement in a gas turbine shaft |
GB201121639D0 (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-01-25 | Rolls Royce Plc | Shaft break detection |
JP5818717B2 (ja) * | 2012-02-27 | 2015-11-18 | 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 | ガスタービン |
US9316479B2 (en) * | 2012-09-20 | 2016-04-19 | United Technologies Corporation | Capacitance based clearance probe and housing |
US10190440B2 (en) | 2015-06-10 | 2019-01-29 | Rolls-Royce North American Technologies, Inc. | Emergency shut-down detection system for a gas turbine |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1326867A (en) * | 1918-12-06 | 1919-12-30 | Gen Electric | Elastic-fluid turbine. |
CH445949A (de) | 1965-03-19 | 1967-10-31 | Prvni Brnenska Strojirna | Schutzvorrichtung für Strömungsmaschinen |
US3591308A (en) * | 1969-06-04 | 1971-07-06 | Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co | Rotor guard for centrifugal compressor |
GB1443333A (en) * | 1972-08-12 | 1976-07-21 | Mtu Muenchen Gmbh | Aircraft having apparatus for augmenting the lift of the aircraft |
BE854653A (fr) | 1977-05-16 | 1977-11-16 | Acec | Detecteur de faux rond pour turbines a gaz |
SU885572A1 (ru) | 1980-03-31 | 1981-11-30 | Ордена Ленина И Ордена Трудового Красного Знамени Производственное Объединение Невский Завод Им.В.И.Ленина | Устройство дл обнаружени недопустимых перемещений ротора турбомашины относительно статора |
US5411364A (en) * | 1993-12-22 | 1995-05-02 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Gas turbine engine failure detection system |
DE19727296A1 (de) * | 1997-06-27 | 1999-01-07 | Mtu Muenchen Gmbh | Einrichtung zur Notabschaltung einer Gasturbine |
US6607349B2 (en) * | 2001-11-14 | 2003-08-19 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Gas turbine engine broken shaft detection system |
DE102004009595A1 (de) | 2004-02-27 | 2005-09-15 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Identifikation eines Wellenbruchs und/oder einer Überdrehzahl an einer Gasturbine |
DE102004033924A1 (de) * | 2004-07-14 | 2006-02-09 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Einrichtung zur Detektion eines Wellenbruchs an einer Gasturbine sowie Gasturbine |
-
2005
- 2005-09-06 DE DE102005042271A patent/DE102005042271A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2006
- 2006-08-26 WO PCT/DE2006/001496 patent/WO2007028354A1/de active Application Filing
- 2006-08-26 EP EP06775914.2A patent/EP1922472B1/de not_active Ceased
- 2006-08-26 US US12/065,707 patent/US8371804B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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None * |
See also references of WO2007028354A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102005042271A1 (de) | 2007-03-08 |
WO2007028354A1 (de) | 2007-03-15 |
US8371804B2 (en) | 2013-02-12 |
EP1922472B1 (de) | 2017-08-09 |
US20090220333A1 (en) | 2009-09-03 |
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