EP1921518B1 - Elément d'assemblage comportant des structures élastiques en forme de lames superposées et pièce d'horlogerie équipée de cet élément - Google Patents

Elément d'assemblage comportant des structures élastiques en forme de lames superposées et pièce d'horlogerie équipée de cet élément Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1921518B1
EP1921518B1 EP06123784A EP06123784A EP1921518B1 EP 1921518 B1 EP1921518 B1 EP 1921518B1 EP 06123784 A EP06123784 A EP 06123784A EP 06123784 A EP06123784 A EP 06123784A EP 1921518 B1 EP1921518 B1 EP 1921518B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elastic
assembly element
support surface
elastic strip
arbour
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP06123784A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1921518A1 (fr
Inventor
Roland Bitterli
Wilfried Noell
Fabien Blondeau
Lionel Paratte
Toralf Scharf
Pierre-André Meister
André Zanetta
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse
Original Assignee
ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse filed Critical ETA SA Manufacture Horlogere Suisse
Priority to AT06123784T priority Critical patent/ATE469377T1/de
Priority to DE602006014554T priority patent/DE602006014554D1/de
Priority to EP06123784A priority patent/EP1921518B1/fr
Priority to SG200717475-8A priority patent/SG143144A1/en
Priority to KR1020070113448A priority patent/KR101245025B1/ko
Priority to US11/937,738 priority patent/US7438465B2/en
Priority to CN2007101596214A priority patent/CN101196724B/zh
Priority to JP2007291851A priority patent/JP5117822B2/ja
Publication of EP1921518A1 publication Critical patent/EP1921518A1/fr
Priority to HK08113169.0A priority patent/HK1121818A1/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1921518B1 publication Critical patent/EP1921518B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B19/00—Indicating the time by visual means
    • G04B19/04—Hands; Discs with a single mark or the like
    • G04B19/042—Construction and manufacture of the hands; arrangements for increasing reading accuracy
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00—Gearwork
    • G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • G04B13/021—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots elastic fitting with a spindle, axis or shaft
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04D—APPARATUS OR TOOLS SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR MAKING OR MAINTAINING CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04D3/00—Watchmakers' or watch-repairers' machines or tools for working materials
    • G04D3/0002—Watchmakers' or watch-repairers' machines or tools for working materials for mechanical working other than with a lathe
    • G04D3/0043—Watchmakers' or watch-repairers' machines or tools for working materials for mechanical working other than with a lathe for components of the time-indicating mechanisms
    • G04D3/0046—Watchmakers' or watch-repairers' machines or tools for working materials for mechanical working other than with a lathe for components of the time-indicating mechanisms for hands
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19—Gearing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an assembly element and a timepiece comprising such an element.
  • the invention more particularly relates to an assembly element made in a plate of brittle material such as silicon, in particular for a timepiece, having an opening provided for the axial insertion of a shaft, the inner wall of the opening comprising elastic structures which are etched in the plate and which each comprise at least one bearing surface for radially clamping the shaft in order to secure the fastening element with respect to the shaft, wherein each elastic structure comprises a first straight elastic blade which extends in a direction tangential to the shaft, the bearing surface being arranged on the inner face of the first elastic blade.
  • the assembly elements such as the watch hands and the gears are fixed on their rotary shaft by driving, that is to say that a hollow cylinder is forced on an axis. having a diameter slightly greater than the inside diameter of the cylinder.
  • the elastic and plastic properties of the material used generally a metal, are used for this hunting.
  • a hollow cylinder on a conventional rotating shaft such as those used in mechanical watchmaking , with a diameter tolerance of the order of +/- 5 microns.
  • the fixing solution of the connecting element such as a needle must provide sufficient force to hold the element in place during shocks.
  • the force required for a conventional watchmaking needle is for example of the order of a Newton.
  • the document EP 1 708 045 discloses a silicon clock wheel which comprises an elastic portion adapted to receive and tighten an axis to maintain said wheel.
  • the invention aims to provide improvements to this solution, in particular to allow the use of this assembly element as a rotary element in a clockwork mechanism, in particular as a watchmaking needle.
  • each elastic structure is constituted by a radial stack of several parallel elastic blades, each blade.
  • resilient member being spaced radially from the adjacent resilient blade by a two-part straight rectilinear lumen, the two portions of the intermediate lumen being separated by a material bridge which connects the two adjacent resilient blades and which is substantially radially aligned with the surface of support, wherein the last elastic blade of the stack, which is located on the opposite side to the first blade, is radially spaced from the rest of the plate by a single-piece light, called displacement light, which defines a space of radial clearance for the elastic structure.
  • the assembly element according to the invention makes it possible to improve the clamping force against the shaft, to allow a better distribution of the forces related to the elastic deformation in the material constituting the connecting element, and to allow a better control of the clamping force obtained on the shaft.
  • the restoring forces of each elastic blade of a stack add up while maintaining a stiffness of each elastic blade as low as possible.
  • a significant bending of the elastic structure is obtained, in particular at the level of the bearing surface, without leaving the elastic domain of the material.
  • the elastic structures according to the invention offer a radial displacement, following their elastic deformation, which is large enough to compensate for manufacturing tolerances applied to the diameter of a shaft such as those used in timepieces for the training of the needles.
  • the elastic structures according to the invention make it possible to optimize the volume available on the assembly element to perform the clamping and fixing function.
  • the invention also proposes a timepiece characterized in that it comprises at least one connecting element according to one of the preceding characteristics.
  • FIG 1 schematically shows a timepiece 10 which is made in accordance with the teachings of the invention.
  • the timepiece 10 comprises a movement 12 mounted inside a casing 14 closed by a lens 16.
  • the movement 12 drives in rotation, about an axis A1, analog display means constituted here by a hour hand 18, a minute hand 20, and a second hand 22, these hands extending above a dial 24.
  • the needles 18, 20, 22 are fixed on shafts 26, 28, 30 of cylindrical rotation coaxial elastic clamping, like a hunting, as will be seen later.
  • the shafts 26, 28, 30 are conventional shafts commonly used in watch movements, for example shafts made of metal or plastic material.
  • the needles 18, 20, 22 constitute connecting elements, each needle 18, 20, 22 being made in a plate of brittle material, preferably of crystalline material based on silicon.
  • Each needle 18, 20, 22 here comprises a fixing ring 31 which delimits an opening 32 provided to allow the fixing of the needle 18, 20, 22 on the shaft 26, 28, 30 associated by axial insertion in the opening 32.
  • the inner wall 33 of the opening 32 comprises structures elastic members 34 which are etched in the plate forming the fixing ring 31 and which each comprise at least one bearing surface 36 for radially clamping the associated shaft 26, 28, 30 in order to retain the needle 18 radially and axially, 20, 22 on the shaft 26, 28, 30, and in order to make the shaft and the associated needle integral with rotation.
  • Each elastic structure 34 is constituted by a radial stack of several linear lamellae L n rectilinear and parallel, of substantially constant radial thickness, which each extend in a tangential direction relative to the associated shaft 26.
  • the bearing surface 36 of each elastic structure 34 is arranged on the inner face 38 of the first elastic blade L 1 of the stack, on the side of the shaft 26.
  • each elastic blade L n is radially of the elastic blade spaced L n + 1, L n-1 adjacent a separator hole I n rectilinear in two parts I na, I nb, both parts I na, I nb of the separator hole I n being separated by a material bridge P n which connects the two adjacent elastic strips L n and which is substantially radially aligned with the bearing surface 36.
  • the continuous sequence of material bridges P n between the elastic strips L n thus forms a radial connecting beam 40.
  • each intermediate light I n has a rounded profile, for example in a semicircle, so as to avoid an accumulation of mechanical stresses at the ends which could lead to breakouts during the bending of the elastic blades L n .
  • the stack forming the elastic structure 34 comprises three resilient blades L 1 , L 2 , L 3 and two intermediate lights I 1 , I 2 .
  • the radial thicknesses of the intermediate lights I n are here substantially constant and identical.
  • the last elastic blade L 3 of the stack which is located on the opposite side to the first blade L 1 , is spaced radially from the rest of the plate forming the needle 18 by a light 42 in a single part, called deflection light 42, which defines a radial clearance space for the associated elastic structure 34.
  • the minimum radial thickness of the deflection lumen 42 is determined, firstly, by the minimum radial slot thickness allowed by the process used to etch the plate of brittle material and, secondly, by the maximum radial displacement of the elastic structure 34. The largest of these two parameters will be chosen for the minimum radial thickness of the deflection lumen 42.
  • the radial thickness of the deflection lumen 42 is substantially constant and superior. to the radial thickness of the intermediate lights I n .
  • the connecting beam 40 makes it possible to bind all the elastic strips L n between them, so that they can all be deformed simultaneously when a radial force is applied to the bearing surface 36, and in such a way as to distribute mechanical stresses in several places to minimize the risk of breakage.
  • the length of the elastic blades L n decreases progressively from the first elastic blade L 1 to the last elastic blade L 3 of the stack, which makes it possible to follow globally the curvature of the wall outer cylindrical 44 of the fixing ring 31.
  • each intermediate light I n is substantially constant over its entire length and the radial thickness of all the intermediate lights I n is substantially equal.
  • the number of elastic structures 34 arranged around the opening 32 is chosen as a function of the diameter of the associated shaft 26, 28, 30 and as a function of the available radial space between the inner wall 33 of the opening 32 and the outer wall 44 of the fixing ring 31 of the needle 18, 20, 22.
  • the diameter of the shaft 26 associated with the hour hand 18 is much larger than the diameter of the shaft 30 associated with the second hand 22, and as the diameter outside the fixing ring 31 does not evolve proportionally, it was selected a number of elastic structures 34 equal to four for the hour hand 18 while the number of elastic structures 34 is equal to two for the needle Secondly, the number of elastic structures 34 in the minute hand 20 is here equal to three.
  • the elastic structures 34 are evenly distributed around the axis A1, so that the inner contour of the aperture 32 generally has a square shape and a triangular shape respectively.
  • the first elastic blades L 1 of the two elastic structures 34 define between they have an acute angle ⁇ and they are substantially joined to one of their fixed ends.
  • the angle ⁇ for example has a value of about thirty degrees.
  • the fixed bearing surface 46 extends in a tangential direction, relative to the associated shaft 30, and forms the base of an isosceles triangle whose two other sides are formed by the inner face 38 of the first elastic blades. L 1 of the two elastic structures 34.
  • the fixed bearing surface 46 is here arranged at the free end of a cutout 48, generally trapezium-shaped, projecting inside the opening 32.
  • the cut 48 is engraved in the plate forming the needle 22 and here it comprises two side walls 50, 52 which each extend parallel to the first blade L 1 of the elastic structure 34 vis-à-vis.
  • the shaft 30 associated with the seconds hand 22 is designed to bear against the fixed bearing surface 46 and against the bearing surfaces 36 of the elastic structures 34.
  • contour of the inner wall 33 of the opening 32 has the overall shape of an isosceles triangle.
  • each elastic structure 34 the radial thickness of each elastic blade L n is substantially constant over its entire length, and the radial thickness of the elastic blades L n decreases progressively from the first elastic blade L 1 to the last blade elastic L9 of the stack, each elastic structure 34 having here nine elastic blades L n of decreasing lengths, from the inside to the outside.
  • the radial thickness of the elastic blades L 1 is adapted to their length, which allows a substantially homogeneous flexibility of all the elastic blades L n , despite their differences in length.
  • the invention thus makes it possible to homogenize the mechanical stresses throughout the volume of material used for fixing, that is to say here in the entire fixing ring 31.
  • the number of elastic blades L n forming each stack can be adapted according to various parameters, in particular according to the available radial space, depending on the desired clamping force on the shaft associated, depending on the type of material used to manufacture the needle 18, 20, 22 associated.
  • each bearing surface 36, 46 is provided with discrete elements in relief 54 which increase the friction between the shaft 30 and the bearing surfaces 36, 46 so as to improve the rotational connection between the shaft 30 and the needle 22.
  • These discrete elements in relief 54 are constituted here by teeth of triangular profile.
  • this variant embodiment is applicable to the bearing surfaces 36 arranged in the openings 32 of the hours 18 and minute hands 20 described in connection with the Figures 2 and 3 .
  • the connecting element may be constituted by another type of rotary element, for example by a toothed wheel used in a clockwork movement.
  • the connecting element may also be constituted by a non-rotating element, for example a plate of brittle material intended to be assembled on another element comprising a fixing shaft, or tenon, of metal.
  • the present invention is applicable to a needle 18, 20, 22 made in a silicon wafer comprising a single layer of silicon, as well as in a Silicon On Insulator (SOI) type wafer which comprises an upper layer and a lower layer of silicon separated by an intermediate layer of silicon oxide.
  • SOI Silicon On Insulator

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
EP06123784A 2006-11-09 2006-11-09 Elément d'assemblage comportant des structures élastiques en forme de lames superposées et pièce d'horlogerie équipée de cet élément Active EP1921518B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT06123784T ATE469377T1 (de) 2006-11-09 2006-11-09 Montageelement, das dehnbare strukturen in form von aufeinander liegenden plättchen umfasst, und mit diesem element ausgerüstete uhr
DE602006014554T DE602006014554D1 (de) 2006-11-09 2006-11-09 Montageelement, das dehnbare Strukturen in Form von aufeinander liegenden Plättchen umfasst, und mit diesem Element ausgerüstete Uhr
EP06123784A EP1921518B1 (fr) 2006-11-09 2006-11-09 Elément d'assemblage comportant des structures élastiques en forme de lames superposées et pièce d'horlogerie équipée de cet élément
SG200717475-8A SG143144A1 (en) 2006-11-09 2007-11-05 Assembly element including superposed strip shaped elastic structures and timepiece fitted with the same
KR1020070113448A KR101245025B1 (ko) 2006-11-09 2007-11-08 조립체 요소 및 이를 포함하는 시계
US11/937,738 US7438465B2 (en) 2006-11-09 2007-11-09 Assembly element including two superposed strip shaped elastic structures and timepiece fitted with the same
CN2007101596214A CN101196724B (zh) 2006-11-09 2007-11-09 包括重叠带形弹性结构的组件及装配该组件的时计
JP2007291851A JP5117822B2 (ja) 2006-11-09 2007-11-09 重畳条片形状弾性構造体を備える組立要素およびそれを装着した時計
HK08113169.0A HK1121818A1 (en) 2006-11-09 2008-12-03 Assembly element including superposed strip shaped elastic structures and timepiece fitted with the same

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06123784A EP1921518B1 (fr) 2006-11-09 2006-11-09 Elément d'assemblage comportant des structures élastiques en forme de lames superposées et pièce d'horlogerie équipée de cet élément

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1921518A1 EP1921518A1 (fr) 2008-05-14
EP1921518B1 true EP1921518B1 (fr) 2010-05-26

Family

ID=38290149

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06123784A Active EP1921518B1 (fr) 2006-11-09 2006-11-09 Elément d'assemblage comportant des structures élastiques en forme de lames superposées et pièce d'horlogerie équipée de cet élément

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US7438465B2 (ko)
EP (1) EP1921518B1 (ko)
JP (1) JP5117822B2 (ko)
KR (1) KR101245025B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN101196724B (ko)
AT (1) ATE469377T1 (ko)
DE (1) DE602006014554D1 (ko)
HK (1) HK1121818A1 (ko)
SG (1) SG143144A1 (ko)

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2230572B1 (fr) 2009-03-17 2012-01-25 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Système de serrage radial pour un composant horloger
EP2230571B1 (fr) 2009-03-17 2014-05-07 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Système de serrage radial pour un composant horloger
US8562206B2 (en) 2010-07-12 2013-10-22 Rolex S.A. Hairspring for timepiece hairspring-balance oscillator, and method of manufacture thereof
EP2442189A1 (fr) * 2010-10-15 2012-04-18 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Assemblage d'une pièce ne comportant pas de domaine plastique
JP5668203B2 (ja) * 2011-03-08 2015-02-12 セイコーインスツル株式会社 機械部品、機械部品の製造方法、時計
CH707590B1 (fr) * 2013-02-12 2017-08-15 Eta Sa Mft Horlogère Suisse Roue d'horlogerie antichoc, notamment de centre.
EP2796940A3 (fr) * 2013-04-23 2016-05-04 Rolex Sa Composant horloger destiné à recevoir un organe par chassage
EP2988177A1 (fr) * 2014-08-21 2016-02-24 Universo S.A. Aiguille de montre
US9678477B2 (en) * 2014-09-12 2017-06-13 Seiko Instruments Inc. Mechanical component, mechanical component manufacturing method, movement, and timepiece
USD805942S1 (en) * 2016-03-23 2017-12-26 Robert W. Koelewyn Hub and hands of a watch
JP6772790B2 (ja) * 2016-11-29 2020-10-21 セイコーエプソン株式会社 時計部品の製造方法、及び時計の製造方法
CH713265B1 (fr) * 2016-12-20 2020-09-30 Montres Jaquet Droz Sa Cadran de montre à décor tridimensionnel, et outillage d'assemblage.
FR3065542B1 (fr) * 2017-04-25 2019-07-12 Lvmh Swiss Manufactures Sa Procede de fabrication d'un mecanisme
US10838366B2 (en) * 2017-09-14 2020-11-17 Timex Group Usa, Inc. Bidirectional MEMS driving arrangements with a force absorbing system
EP3671364A1 (fr) * 2018-12-17 2020-06-24 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Organe de maintien élastique pour la fixation d'un composant d'horlogerie sur un élément de support
EP3719583B1 (fr) * 2019-04-03 2021-11-10 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Dispositif de freinage mecanique pour mobile horloger
EP3722889A1 (fr) * 2019-04-08 2020-10-14 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Organe de maintien élastique pour la fixation d'un composant d'horlogerie sur des éléments de support differents
CH717950B1 (fr) * 2020-10-13 2023-07-31 Hublot Sa Geneve Composant d'horlogerie, notamment une roue à friction.

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US185272A (en) 1876-12-12 Improvement in couplings for
US267824A (en) 1882-05-25 1882-11-21 Watch-hands
US1645510A (en) * 1924-11-08 1927-10-11 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Flexible element
CH443157A (fr) * 1964-11-05 1968-01-31 Tissot Horlogerie Palier amortisseur de choc pour pièce d'horlogerie
FR2006825A7 (ko) 1968-04-24 1970-01-02 Kienzle Uhrenfabriken Gmbh
US3922041A (en) * 1970-06-25 1975-11-25 Portescap Elastic pivot bearings
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CA2447792A1 (en) * 2001-06-11 2002-12-19 Tribotek, Inc. Contact bearing
EP1445670A1 (fr) * 2003-02-06 2004-08-11 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Spiral de résonateur balancier-spiral et son procédé de fabrication
DE60333191D1 (de) * 2003-09-26 2010-08-12 Asulab Sa Spiralfeder-Unruh-Resonator mit Thermokompensation
EP1659460B8 (fr) 2004-11-17 2009-04-29 Daniel Rochat Aiguille de montre et son procédé de fabrication
EP1708045A3 (fr) * 2005-03-22 2009-01-07 Patek, Philippe SA Fixation d' une roue d'horlogerie à un axe
EP1722281A1 (fr) * 2005-05-12 2006-11-15 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Organe d'affichage analogique en matériau cristallin, pièce d'horlogerie pourvue d'un tel organe d'affichage, et procédé pour sa fabrication

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101196724B (zh) 2011-09-07
EP1921518A1 (fr) 2008-05-14
JP5117822B2 (ja) 2013-01-16
KR101245025B1 (ko) 2013-03-25
DE602006014554D1 (de) 2010-07-08
KR20080042706A (ko) 2008-05-15
US20080113154A1 (en) 2008-05-15
CN101196724A (zh) 2008-06-11
HK1121818A1 (en) 2009-04-30
JP2008122384A (ja) 2008-05-29
SG143144A1 (en) 2008-06-27
ATE469377T1 (de) 2010-06-15
US7438465B2 (en) 2008-10-21

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