EP1915889B1 - Elektronischer schaltkreis und verfahren zum einspeisen von elektrischer energie in einen wechselstrom-elektroofen - Google Patents

Elektronischer schaltkreis und verfahren zum einspeisen von elektrischer energie in einen wechselstrom-elektroofen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1915889B1
EP1915889B1 EP06776359A EP06776359A EP1915889B1 EP 1915889 B1 EP1915889 B1 EP 1915889B1 EP 06776359 A EP06776359 A EP 06776359A EP 06776359 A EP06776359 A EP 06776359A EP 1915889 B1 EP1915889 B1 EP 1915889B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
current
electric furnace
alternating current
electronic circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP06776359A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1915889A1 (de
Inventor
Roland König
Thomas Pasch
Andreas Haaks
Rolf Degel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SMS Siemag AG
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SMS Demag AG
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Publication of EP1915889A1 publication Critical patent/EP1915889A1/de
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Publication of EP1915889B1 publication Critical patent/EP1915889B1/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • H05B7/005—Electrical diagrams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • H05B7/18—Heating by arc discharge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/22—Furnaces without an endless core
    • H05B6/30—Arrangements for remelting or zone melting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electronic circuit and a method for feeding at least one electrode of an AC electric furnace, in particular for melting metal with energy.
  • the invention is applicable to electric furnaces for the production of non-ferrous metals, iron alloys, process slags, steel and slag cleaning.
  • the electric ovens can be designed as electric reduction ovens, as electric low-shaft ovens or as electric arc furnaces.
  • Such an electronic circuit for feeding an AC electric furnace is known from German Offenlegungsschrift DE 2 034 874 known.
  • the disclosed there electronic circuit is connected between a power grid and the at least one electrode of the electric furnace. It comprises a series circuit consisting of an on / off switch for the electric furnace, a transformer for providing a supply voltage for the electric furnace from the power grid and an AC controller connected between the transformer and the electrode for controlling the current through the electrode.
  • An alternating current controller typically consists of two antiparallel-connected thyristors and realizes the current control in the form of a phase control.
  • the thyristors which realize the power part of the current controller, are typically designed for the entire working range of the electric furnace, that is to say a very large current range.
  • High-performance ovens which are operated with high supply voltages, are usually required due to the high thyristor blocking voltages very expensive series of thyristors.
  • high blocking-voltage thyristors typically can not switch large currents; For switching large currents, as they can certainly occur in certain operating conditions, especially in a resistance operation, the electric furnace, therefore, many individual thyristors or whole AC power controller must be connected in parallel. This is the only way to achieve the high electrode currents required for at least individual operating states. In order to ensure a reliable operation of the electric furnace in all operating conditions, especially at high electrode currents, traditionally expensive and expensive converter circuits are therefore required.
  • the present invention seeks to develop a known electronic circuit and a method for feeding electrical energy into an AC electric furnace constructively simple and inexpensive to the effect that operation of the electric furnace in all operating conditions, especially at high Electrode currents, easily possible.
  • an electronic circuit according to the invention for feeding an AC electric furnace is characterized by a current measuring device for measuring the amount of current flowing through the electrode, a bypass circuit breaker connected in parallel with the AC plate, and a control device for opening or closing the bypass Circuit breaker according to the amount of current flowing through the electrode.
  • the mentioned characteristic features are very simple and thus inexpensive to implement.
  • they advantageously enable bridging of the AC power actuator in the event of imminent danger Overload, that is during operating conditions of the electric furnace, which require a particularly large electrode current.
  • these operating conditions such as a resistance operation with immersed electrodes and no arc content, no special control of the electrode current through the AC power controller; its function is then dispensable and then, as claimed, bridged.
  • the bypass switch is opened according to the invention, with the result that the electrode current is then passed through the AC power controller and can be controlled by this.
  • the amount of current through the electrode during operation with arc is less than during a resistance operation without arc.
  • bypass switch the electronic circuit is adapted to different operating conditions of the electric furnace, as they arise due to metallurgical requirements, very simple and inexpensive.
  • electric furnaces with three or six electrodes are used to melt steel.
  • the electrodes become 11 interconnected for energy input into the furnace vessel 12 in pairs.
  • the electrodes are usually connected in a knapsack circuit to reduce the reactance of the high current line.
  • the Knappsackscen but also a star connection of the electrodes is possible.
  • FIG. 1 shows the electronic circuit according to the invention for feeding electrical energy into an electric furnace.
  • FIG. 1 shows a single-phase representation; corresponding circuits could be provided for further phases.
  • the power supply for the electric furnace usually takes place from a medium-voltage network 1.
  • the electronic circuit comprises a furnace transformer 6, which with its primary side the medium-voltage network 1, hereinafter also called power network, and facing with its secondary side of the electrode 11.
  • the electronic circuit comprises a first series circuit comprising a voltage measuring device 2, a furnace circuit breaker 3 for switching on or off the electric furnace, a current measuring device 4, optionally a star / delta switch for selectively switching the primary winding of the furnace transformer in a star or delta connection and an overvoltage protection 13.
  • the star / delta switch allows a shift of the rated voltage range of the furnace transformer 6 by, for example, a factor of 1.73 upwards or downwards.
  • the electronic circuit essentially comprises a second series circuit consisting of a first circuit breaker 10a, an alternating current controller 8 and a second circuit breaker 10b.
  • the circuit breakers 10a and 10b allow for closed high-current circuit breaker 9 an electrical separation or removal of the AC power controller 8; for example For maintenance, without the furnace operation, in particular the resistance operation with immersed electrodes and without arc portion should be interrupted for it.
  • the AC power controller 8 allows control of the electrode current in the form of a phase control.
  • the electronic circuit has been supplemented by a bypass switch 9, which is connected in parallel with the alternating current controller 8 and optionally also in parallel with the first and second disconnectors 10a and 10b, which is controlled by a control device 14.
  • the controller 14 may be implemented in the form of a stored program controller, a process control system, or other computerized system.
  • FIG. 2 shows a typical voltage-current-power diagram UIP-diagram for a 6-electrode electroreduction furnace.
  • effective power lines 100 as a function of the secondary current, plotted on the ordinate axis, and the secondary voltages, plotted on the abscissa axis, are shown.
  • the family of curves 200 identifies the furnace resistance.
  • the short-circuit impedance of the electric furnace is symbolized here by the characteristic 300.
  • characteristic curves 4a and 4b show the maximum permissible current through the electrode as a function of the secondary voltage for the primary-side star connection of the transformer windings 4a and for the primary-side triangular circuit the transformers of the transformer windings 4b.
  • Characteristic curve 500 illustrates the maximum rated current of the AC converter 8 according to the invention, that is to say the current threshold value.
  • the energy required for the process is generated by resistance heating of the slag.
  • the electrodes 11 are clearly submerged in the slag, the immersion depth is dependent inter alia on the electrode diameter; However, it is usually about 200 mm.
  • electrical current is passed through the slag, converting electrical energy into Joule heat due to the electrical resistance of the slag, which promotes a metallurgical endothermic reaction, for example, reduction and melting.
  • the resistance operation with immersed electrodes and without arc portion is characterized by high electrode currents and relatively low secondary voltages, which are well below 1000 V.
  • the electric furnace can therefore also be operated conventionally, that is without current control. Therefore, it is recommended during this operation, the bypass switch. 9 close and so to bridge the AC power 8. In this way, the power semiconductors, typically thyristors, in the AC power controller 8 are protected from excessive currents.
  • the majority of the energy required for this operation of the electric furnace is generated by resistance heating of the slag. Electric current is passed through the slag, converting the electric energy into Joule heat through the resistance of the slag. The Joule heat thereby promotes a metallurgical endothermic reaction, for example reduction and melting. An additional smaller energy input can be effected by an arc occurring in the lower region of the electrodes or below them. This is possible with only minimally immersed electrodes or at an electrode position directly above the slag bath. For this mode of operation usually relatively large currents and comparatively low voltages are required; please refer FIG. 4 , Area b). However, the voltages in this mode are significantly higher than with immersed electrodes. Specifically, the secondary voltages are typically in the range of about 1000 V in furnaces of about 30 - 50 MW capacity.
  • FIG. 3 Also shown is an electrical equivalent circuit diagram for the electrical path through the electrode 11, the arc L, the slag S and the molten metal 15.
  • the ohmic resistance of the electrode 11 and the molten metal 15 can be assumed to be zero. There then remain for the electrode current an ohmic resistance R L due to the arc L and an ohmic resistance R S through the slag S.
  • the voltages are usually above 1000 V.
  • the entire required electrode current is guided and regulated via the alternating current controller 8.
  • the high-current circuit breaker 9 is opened here.
  • the transition between modes b) and c) is fluent.
  • the AC controller is then switched on and serves to optimize the energy input.
  • the AC power 8 must with a reduction in the energy input through the arc, with a reduction in the secondary voltage and with increasing electrode current, that is, in principle, when the current threshold value is exceeded by the electrode current, again in time to be taken out of the electrical circuit.
  • the current threshold 300 for opening the bypass switch 9 is identical to the current threshold for closing the bypass switch.
  • different current threshold values for example combined in a hysteresis, are also conceivable for the two processes.
  • FIG. 4 shows analogously to FIG. 2 an example of the dimensioning of the electronic circuit according to the invention for energy input into an electric furnace with 6 electrodes for a FeNi process with 129 MVA.
  • the characteristic curve 300 indicates the maximum current through the alternating current controller 8 and thus the current threshold value for the switching over of the bypass isolating switch 9.
  • the alternating current controller 8 is closed at electrode currents above this threshold value, whereby the alternating current controller is then electrically relieved.
  • This has the advantage that the AC power controller 8 overall and in particular its power semiconductor can be dimensioned considerably smaller, whereby a simple and inexpensive solution is possible.
  • the electric furnaces in particular electric reduction ovens for the operating modes b) and c) are designed, they can, however, be operated in the region of a starting operation and a partial load operation with a closed bypass switch 9, that is to say with a bridged alternating current controller 8.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Discharge Heating (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Control Of Voltage And Current In General (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
EP06776359A 2005-08-15 2006-07-24 Elektronischer schaltkreis und verfahren zum einspeisen von elektrischer energie in einen wechselstrom-elektroofen Active EP1915889B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005038702A DE102005038702A1 (de) 2005-08-15 2005-08-15 Elektronischer Schaltkreis und Verfahren zum Einspeisen von elektrischer Energie in einen Wechselstrom-Elektroofen
PCT/EP2006/007247 WO2007019943A1 (de) 2005-08-15 2006-07-24 Elektronischer schaltkreis und verfahren zum einspeisen von elektrischer energie in einen wechselstrom-elektroofen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1915889A1 EP1915889A1 (de) 2008-04-30
EP1915889B1 true EP1915889B1 (de) 2008-10-22

Family

ID=37622201

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06776359A Active EP1915889B1 (de) 2005-08-15 2006-07-24 Elektronischer schaltkreis und verfahren zum einspeisen von elektrischer energie in einen wechselstrom-elektroofen

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US8665924B2 (ko)
EP (1) EP1915889B1 (ko)
JP (1) JP4729582B2 (ko)
KR (1) KR100848863B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN101091416B (ko)
AT (1) ATE412333T1 (ko)
CA (1) CA2583481C (ko)
DE (2) DE102005038702A1 (ko)
ES (1) ES2314935T3 (ko)
RU (1) RU2331991C1 (ko)
TW (1) TWI413455B (ko)
UA (1) UA86999C2 (ko)
WO (1) WO2007019943A1 (ko)
ZA (1) ZA200701679B (ko)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9417321B2 (en) 2010-04-26 2016-08-16 Hatch Ltd. Measurement of charge bank level in a metallurgical furnace

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012033254A1 (en) * 2010-09-10 2012-03-15 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Energy storage system and controlling method of the same
DE102014206008A1 (de) * 2014-03-31 2015-10-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur dynamischen Einstellung eines Elektrolichtbogenofens
WO2019084674A1 (en) * 2017-10-31 2019-05-09 Hatch Ltd. Line control circuit configuration
EP3758446A1 (en) * 2019-06-27 2020-12-30 ABB Schweiz AG Arc furnace power supply with converter circuit

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE972422C (de) 1955-09-28 1959-07-16 Siemens Ag Einrichtung zur Minderung der Stromschwankungen bei Lichtbogenoefen
DE2034874A1 (de) 1970-07-07 1972-01-20 Licentia Gmbh Anordnung zur Speisung eines Lichtbo genofens
JPS531463B2 (ko) * 1972-04-26 1978-01-19
JPS5345932B2 (ko) * 1973-04-19 1978-12-09
JPS59115211A (ja) * 1982-12-22 1984-07-03 凸版印刷株式会社 結束装置
IT1236363B (it) * 1989-11-30 1993-02-25 Danieli Off Mecc Forno elettrico ad arco diretto a corrente controllata e procedimento di alimentazione a corrente controllata di un forno ad arco diretto
DE4232585A1 (de) 1992-09-23 1994-03-24 Mannesmann Ag Dreiphasige Lichtbogenofenanlage mit Drossel
JP2665868B2 (ja) * 1992-12-28 1997-10-22 株式会社三社電機製作所 電気炉用電源装置
US5991327A (en) * 1995-10-26 1999-11-23 Inverpower Controls Ltd. Smart predictive line controller for AC and DC electric arc furnaces
JPH10311681A (ja) 1997-05-14 1998-11-24 Nkk Corp 複式直流アーク溶解炉
JPH1198683A (ja) * 1997-09-20 1999-04-09 Sca:Kk 負荷電流制御装置
KR100540187B1 (ko) * 1999-12-23 2006-01-12 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 리액터와 트라이액으로 이루어진 가변임피던스회로를 갖는교류전기로
US6603795B2 (en) * 2001-02-08 2003-08-05 Hatch Associates Ltd. Power control system for AC electric arc furnace
JP2004334623A (ja) * 2003-05-09 2004-11-25 Hakko Electric Mach Works Co Ltd 温度制御装置

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9417321B2 (en) 2010-04-26 2016-08-16 Hatch Ltd. Measurement of charge bank level in a metallurgical furnace
US9417322B2 (en) 2010-04-26 2016-08-16 Hatch Ltd. Measurement of charge bank level in a metallurgical furnace

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2007019943A1 (de) 2007-02-22
EP1915889A1 (de) 2008-04-30
JP2008522375A (ja) 2008-06-26
US20080123714A1 (en) 2008-05-29
ATE412333T1 (de) 2008-11-15
TW200711541A (en) 2007-03-16
ES2314935T3 (es) 2009-03-16
TWI413455B (zh) 2013-10-21
UA86999C2 (uk) 2009-06-10
US8665924B2 (en) 2014-03-04
KR100848863B1 (ko) 2008-07-29
CA2583481C (en) 2011-06-07
CN101091416B (zh) 2010-07-21
RU2331991C1 (ru) 2008-08-20
CA2583481A1 (en) 2007-02-22
CN101091416A (zh) 2007-12-19
JP4729582B2 (ja) 2011-07-20
KR20070088525A (ko) 2007-08-29
DE102005038702A1 (de) 2007-02-22
ZA200701679B (en) 2008-04-30
DE502006001904D1 (de) 2008-12-04

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