EP1915889A1 - Circuit electronique et procede pour alimenter en energie electrique un four electrique a courant alternatif - Google Patents

Circuit electronique et procede pour alimenter en energie electrique un four electrique a courant alternatif

Info

Publication number
EP1915889A1
EP1915889A1 EP06776359A EP06776359A EP1915889A1 EP 1915889 A1 EP1915889 A1 EP 1915889A1 EP 06776359 A EP06776359 A EP 06776359A EP 06776359 A EP06776359 A EP 06776359A EP 1915889 A1 EP1915889 A1 EP 1915889A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
current
electric furnace
electronic circuit
power controller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06776359A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1915889B1 (fr
Inventor
Roland König
Thomas Pasch
Andreas Haaks
Rolf Degel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SMS Siemag AG
Original Assignee
SMS Demag AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SMS Demag AG filed Critical SMS Demag AG
Publication of EP1915889A1 publication Critical patent/EP1915889A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1915889B1 publication Critical patent/EP1915889B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • H05B7/005—Electrical diagrams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • H05B7/18—Heating by arc discharge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/22—Furnaces without an endless core
    • H05B6/30—Arrangements for remelting or zone melting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electronic circuit and a method for feeding at least one electrode of an AC electric furnace, in particular for melting metal with energy.
  • the invention is applicable to electric furnaces for the production of non-ferrous metals, iron alloys, process slags, steel and slag cleaning.
  • the electric furnaces can be designed as electric reduction ovens, as electric low shaft ovens or as electric arc furnaces.
  • Such an electronic circuit for feeding an AC electric furnace is known from German patent application DE 2 034 874.
  • the disclosed there electronic circuit is connected between a power grid and the at least one electrode of the electric furnace. It comprises a series connection consisting of an on / off switch for the electric furnace, a transformer for providing a supply voltage for the electric furnace from the power grid and an alternating current controller connected between the transformer and the electrode for controlling the current through the electrode.
  • An alternating current controller typically consists of two antiparallel-connected thyristors and realizes the current control in the form of a phase control.
  • the thyristors which realize the power part of the current controller, are typically designed for the entire working range of the electric furnace, that is to say a very large current range.
  • High-performance ovens which are operated with high supply voltages, are usually required due to the high thyristor blocking voltages very expensive series of thyristors.
  • high blocking-voltage thyristors typically can not switch large currents; For switching large currents, as they can certainly occur under certain operating conditions, in particular in a resistance operation, the electric furnace, therefore, many individual thyristors or whole AC power controllers must be connected in parallel. This is the only way to achieve the high electrode currents required for at least individual operating states. In order to ensure reliable operation of the electric furnace in all operating states, in particular also at high electrode currents, traditionally expensive and complex converter circuits are therefore required.
  • the present invention seeks to develop a known electronic circuit and a method for feeding electrical energy into an AC electric furnace constructively simple and inexpensive to the effect that operation of the electric furnace in all operating conditions, especially at high Electrode currents, easily possible.
  • an electronic circuit for feeding an AC electric furnace is characterized by a current measuring device for measuring the amount of current flowing through the electrode, a bypass circuit breaker which is connected in parallel to the AC divider, and a control device for opening or closing of the bypass switch as dictated by the amount of current flowing through the electrode.
  • the mentioned characterizing features are very simple and thus inexpensive to implement. In their claimed configuration, they advantageously enable bridging of the AC power actuator in the event of imminent danger Overload, that is during operating conditions of the electric furnace, which require a particularly large electrode current.
  • these operating conditions such as a resistance operation with immersed electrodes and no arc content, no special control of the electrode current through the AC power controller; its function is then dispensable and is then bridged as claimed.
  • the bypass switch is opened according to the invention, with the result that the electrode current is then passed through the AC power controller and can be controlled by this.
  • the amount of current through the electrode during operation with arc is less than during a resistance operation without arc.
  • the inventive provision of the bypass switch, the electronic circuit is adapted to different operating conditions of the electric furnace, as they arise due to metallurgical requirements, very simple and inexpensive.
  • the above object is further achieved by a claimed method for feeding electrical energy into an AC electric furnace or in the electrode thereof.
  • the advantages of this method correspond to the advantages mentioned above with respect to the claimed electronic circuit.
  • FIG. 1 shows the electronic circuit according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a typical voltage-current-power diagram U-I-P diagram for an electroreduction furnace
  • Figure 3 shows a cross section through the electrode and melt in an electric furnace and an associated electrical equivalent circuit diagram for this portion of the electrode current
  • Figure 4 shows the diagram of Figure 2 with additionally marked different operating ranges of the electric furnace and drawn current threshold
  • the electrodes Roden 11 interconnected for energy input into the furnace vessel 12 in pairs.
  • the electrodes are usually connected in a knapsack circuit in order to reduce the reactance of the high-current line.
  • the Knappsackscrien but also a star connection of the electrodes is possible.
  • FIG. 1 shows the electronic circuit according to the invention for feeding electrical energy into an electric furnace.
  • FIG. 1 shows a single-phase representation; corresponding circuits could be provided for further phases.
  • the power supply for the electric furnace usually takes place from a medium-voltage network 1.
  • the electronic circuit comprises a furnace transformer 6, which with its primary side the medium-voltage network 1, hereinafter also called power network, and facing with its secondary side of the electrode 11.
  • the electronic circuit comprises a first series circuit comprising a voltage measuring device 2, a furnace circuit breaker 3 for switching on or off the electric furnace, a current measuring device 4, optionally a star / delta switch for selectively switching the primary winding of the open-transformer in a star or delta connection and an overvoltage protection 13.
  • the Ste ⁇ v / delta switch allows a shift of the rated voltage range of the furnace transformer 6 by, for example, the factor 1, 73 up or down.
  • the electronic circuit essentially comprises a second series circuit consisting of a first circuit breaker 10a, an alternating current controller 8 and a second circuit breaker 10b.
  • the circuit breakers 10a and 10b allow for closed high-current circuit breaker 9 an electrical separation or an expansion of the AC power controller 8, for example For maintenance, without the furnace operation, in particular the resistance operation with immersed electrodes and without arc portion should be interrupted for it.
  • the AC power controller 8 allows control of the electrode current in the form of a phase control.
  • the electronic circuit has been supplemented by a bypass switch 9 which is connected in parallel with the alternating current controller 8 and optionally also in parallel with the first and second circuit breakers 10a and 10b and which is controlled by a control device 14.
  • the controller 14 may be implemented in the form of a stored program controller, a process control system, or other computerized system.
  • FIG. 2 shows a typical voltage-current-power diagram U-I-P diagram for a 6-electrode electroreduction furnace.
  • effective power lines 100 as a function of the secondary current, plotted on the ordinate axis, and the secondary voltages, plotted on the abscissa axis, are shown.
  • the family of curves 200 identifies the furnace resistance.
  • the short-circuit impedance of the electric furnace is symbolized here by the characteristic 300.
  • characteristic curves 4a and 4b show the maximum permissible current through the electrode as a function of the secondary voltage for the primary-side star connection of the transformer windings 4a and for the primary-side delta connection the transformers of the transformer windings 4b.
  • Characteristic curve 500 illustrates the maximum rated current of the AC converter 8 according to the invention, that is to say the current threshold value.
  • an electric furnace can typically be divided into essentially the following metallurgical operating states:
  • the energy required for the process is generated by resistance heating of the slag.
  • the electrodes 11 are clearly submerged in the slag, the immersion depth is dependent inter alia on the electrode diameter; However, it is usually about 200 mm.
  • electric current is passed through the slag, converting electrical energy into Joule heat due to the electrical resistance of the slag, which promotes a metallurgical endothermic reaction, for example, reduction and melting.
  • the resistance operation with immersed electrodes and without arc portion is characterized by high electrode currents and relatively low secondary voltages, which are well below 1000 V.
  • the electric furnace can therefore also be operated conventionally, that is without current control. Therefore, it is recommended during this operation, the bypass switch. 9 close and so to bridge the AC power 8. In this way, the power semiconductors, typically thyristors, in the AC power controller 8 are protected from excessive currents.
  • the majority of the energy required for this operation of the electric furnace is generated by resistance heating of the slag. Electric current is passed through the slag, converting the electric energy into Joule heat through the resistance of the slag. The Joule heat thereby promotes a metallurgical endothermic reaction, for example reduction and melting. An additional smaller energy input can be effected by an arc occurring in the lower region of the electrodes or below them. This is possible with only minimally immersed electrodes or at an electrode position directly above the slag bath. For this mode of operation usually relatively large currents and comparatively low voltages are required; see Figure 4, area b). However, the voltages in this mode are significantly higher than with immersed electrodes. Specifically, the secondary voltages are typically in the range around 1000 V for furnaces of around 30 to 50 MW output.
  • FIG. 3 also shows an electrical equivalent circuit diagram for the electrical path through the electrode 11, the arc L, the slag S and the molten metal 15.
  • the ohmic resistance of the electrode 11 and the molten metal 15 can be assumed to be zero. There then remain for the electrode current an ohmic resistance R L due to the arc L and an ohmic resistance Rs through the slag S.
  • the voltages are usually above 1000 V.
  • the entire required electrode current is guided and regulated via the alternating current controller 8.
  • the high-current circuit breaker 9 is opened here.
  • the transition between modes b) and c) is fluent. Basically, only when increasing the power by increasing the secondary voltage of the transformer 6, with increasing proportion of the arc L at the energy input, see Figure 3, and falls below the threshold current 300 for the electrode current of the bypass breaker 9 is opened and the first and second Disconnector 10a, 10b are closed. In this way, the AC controller is then switched on and serves to optimize the energy input. Conversely, the AC power 8 must with a reduction in the energy input through the arc, with a reduction in the secondary voltage and with increasing electrode current, that is, in principle, when the current threshold value is exceeded by the electrode current, again in time to be taken out of the electrical circuit.
  • the current threshold 300 for opening the bypass switch 9 is identical to the current threshold for closing the bypass switch. However, different current threshold values, for example combined in a hysteresis, are also conceivable for the two processes.
  • FIG. 4 shows, analogously to FIG. 2, an example of the dimensioning of the electronic circuit according to the invention for introducing energy into an electric furnace with 6 electrodes for a FeNi process with 129 MVA.
  • the characteristic curve 300 here also characterizes the maximum current through the alternating current controller 8 and thus the current threshold value for switching over the bypass isolating switch 9.
  • the alternating current controller 8 is closed at electrode currents above this threshold value, whereby the alternating current controller is then electrically relieved.
  • This has the advantage that the AC power controller 8 overall and in particular its power semiconductor can be dimensioned considerably smaller, whereby a simple and inexpensive solution is possible.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Discharge Heating (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Voltage And Current In General (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un circuit électronique et un procédé pour alimenter en énergie au moins une électrode d'un four électrique à courant alternatif, en particulier pour fondre du métal. Les circuits connus de ce type comprennent généralement un montage en série constitué d'un transformateur conçu pour préparer une tension d'alimentation pour le four électrique à partir d'un raccordement au réseau électrique (1) et d'un gradateur de courant alternatif (8) monté entre le transformateur (6) et l'électrode (11) et conçu pour réguler le courant à travers l'électrode (11). Afin de mettre au point un tel circuit électronique qui soit économique et de construction simple et qui empêche une surcharge du gradateur de courant alternatif (8), même dans des modes de fonctionnement du four électrique avec des courants d'électrode élevés, le gradateur de courant alternatif est ponté par un sectionneur de pontage (9) qui est ouvert ou fermé à l'aide du dispositif de commande, en fonction de la valeur du courant circulant à travers l'électrode (11).
EP06776359A 2005-08-15 2006-07-24 Circuit electronique et procede pour alimenter en energie electrique un four electrique a courant alternatif Active EP1915889B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005038702A DE102005038702A1 (de) 2005-08-15 2005-08-15 Elektronischer Schaltkreis und Verfahren zum Einspeisen von elektrischer Energie in einen Wechselstrom-Elektroofen
PCT/EP2006/007247 WO2007019943A1 (fr) 2005-08-15 2006-07-24 Circuit electronique et procede pour alimenter en energie electrique un four electrique a courant alternatif

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1915889A1 true EP1915889A1 (fr) 2008-04-30
EP1915889B1 EP1915889B1 (fr) 2008-10-22

Family

ID=37622201

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06776359A Active EP1915889B1 (fr) 2005-08-15 2006-07-24 Circuit electronique et procede pour alimenter en energie electrique un four electrique a courant alternatif

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US8665924B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1915889B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4729582B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100848863B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101091416B (fr)
AT (1) ATE412333T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2583481C (fr)
DE (2) DE102005038702A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2314935T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2331991C1 (fr)
TW (1) TWI413455B (fr)
UA (1) UA86999C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007019943A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA200701679B (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2581550T3 (es) 2010-04-26 2016-09-06 Hatch Ltd Medida del nivel del banco de carga de un horno metalúrgico
WO2012033254A1 (fr) * 2010-09-10 2012-03-15 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Système de stockage d'énergie et procédé de commande associé
DE102014206008A1 (de) * 2014-03-31 2015-10-01 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur dynamischen Einstellung eines Elektrolichtbogenofens
WO2019084674A1 (fr) 2017-10-31 2019-05-09 Hatch Ltd. Configuration de circuit de contrôle de ligne
EP3758446A1 (fr) * 2019-06-27 2020-12-30 ABB Schweiz AG Alimentation électrique d'un four à arc comportant un circuit convertisseur

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE972422C (de) 1955-09-28 1959-07-16 Siemens Ag Einrichtung zur Minderung der Stromschwankungen bei Lichtbogenoefen
DE2034874A1 (de) 1970-07-07 1972-01-20 Licentia Gmbh Anordnung zur Speisung eines Lichtbo genofens
JPS531463B2 (fr) 1972-04-26 1978-01-19
JPS5345932B2 (fr) 1973-04-19 1978-12-09
JPS59115211A (ja) 1982-12-22 1984-07-03 凸版印刷株式会社 結束装置
IT1236363B (it) * 1989-11-30 1993-02-25 Danieli Off Mecc Forno elettrico ad arco diretto a corrente controllata e procedimento di alimentazione a corrente controllata di un forno ad arco diretto
DE4232585A1 (de) * 1992-09-23 1994-03-24 Mannesmann Ag Dreiphasige Lichtbogenofenanlage mit Drossel
JP2665868B2 (ja) * 1992-12-28 1997-10-22 株式会社三社電機製作所 電気炉用電源装置
US5991327A (en) * 1995-10-26 1999-11-23 Inverpower Controls Ltd. Smart predictive line controller for AC and DC electric arc furnaces
JPH10311681A (ja) 1997-05-14 1998-11-24 Nkk Corp 複式直流アーク溶解炉
JPH1198683A (ja) * 1997-09-20 1999-04-09 Sca:Kk 負荷電流制御装置
KR100540187B1 (ko) * 1999-12-23 2006-01-12 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 리액터와 트라이액으로 이루어진 가변임피던스회로를 갖는교류전기로
US6603795B2 (en) * 2001-02-08 2003-08-05 Hatch Associates Ltd. Power control system for AC electric arc furnace
JP2004334623A (ja) 2003-05-09 2004-11-25 Hakko Electric Mach Works Co Ltd 温度制御装置

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See references of WO2007019943A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2331991C1 (ru) 2008-08-20
UA86999C2 (uk) 2009-06-10
KR100848863B1 (ko) 2008-07-29
US20080123714A1 (en) 2008-05-29
WO2007019943A1 (fr) 2007-02-22
ATE412333T1 (de) 2008-11-15
EP1915889B1 (fr) 2008-10-22
CA2583481C (fr) 2011-06-07
ES2314935T3 (es) 2009-03-16
JP2008522375A (ja) 2008-06-26
DE102005038702A1 (de) 2007-02-22
KR20070088525A (ko) 2007-08-29
TWI413455B (zh) 2013-10-21
CN101091416A (zh) 2007-12-19
CN101091416B (zh) 2010-07-21
CA2583481A1 (fr) 2007-02-22
JP4729582B2 (ja) 2011-07-20
TW200711541A (en) 2007-03-16
US8665924B2 (en) 2014-03-04
ZA200701679B (en) 2008-04-30
DE502006001904D1 (de) 2008-12-04

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