WO1999025050A1 - Dispositif limiteur de courant destine a des circuits combinatoires - Google Patents

Dispositif limiteur de courant destine a des circuits combinatoires Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1999025050A1
WO1999025050A1 PCT/DE1998/003382 DE9803382W WO9925050A1 WO 1999025050 A1 WO1999025050 A1 WO 1999025050A1 DE 9803382 W DE9803382 W DE 9803382W WO 9925050 A1 WO9925050 A1 WO 9925050A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
current
nitrogen
current limiting
liquid nitrogen
current limiter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1998/003382
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Fischer
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO1999025050A1 publication Critical patent/WO1999025050A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
    • H02H9/023—Current limitation using superconducting elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10N60/00—Superconducting devices
    • H10N60/30—Devices switchable between superconducting and normal states
    • H10N60/35—Cryotrons
    • H10N60/355—Power cryotrons
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a current limiter device for switching networks, in particular low and medium voltage technology, for energy supply and distribution.
  • circuit breakers In the low and medium voltage networks, air and gas-insulated circuit breakers have been used for energy supply and distribution. The switching on and off of these circuit breakers depends on the prevailing currents in the different operating states. For safety reasons, the energy supply and distribution is interrupted when certain current values are exceeded in the nominal current operating state and in the short-circuit operating state.
  • the circuit breakers which are usually equipped with mechanical drives, are controlled by tripping devices that monitor the current conditions in the supply networks and initiate the interruption when predetermined limit values are exceeded.
  • the triggering devices are increasingly implemented by electronic components which terminate the operating states identified as defective in a relatively short time, so that damage to the supply networks and the distribution systems connected to them are largely restricted.
  • the measure of the switch-off time from the supply network is therefore a directly proportional reference value for the design of the current-carrying capacity of each individual system component in the supply circuit.
  • Siemens EV report 3/97 it is proposed to use so-called high-temperature superconducting current limiters to limit the short-circuit current stress on the system components in the event of a fault. These limit the short-circuit current, for example, by a transition from the superconducting to the normal-conducting state, well before the first peak value of the short-circuit current is reached.
  • the inductive current limiters are basically formed by a transformer, in which a shield made of superconducting material separates the magnetic field between the two transformer windings. If the current and thus the magnetic field increases, the shielding loses its ability to separate the magnetic field between the windings. The resulting impedance of the devices thus limits the amount of current flowing.
  • the superconducting current limiters are switched directly into the current path of the switching network. If the current exceeds a limit value, the superconductor loses its superconducting property, which results in an increase in the effective resistance. Due to this increase in resistance, the current flowing through is also automatically limited. With appropriate dimensioning, current limiters of this type can therefore also be used to maintain the maximum permissible current loads for the respective switching networks. According to the requirements for the corresponding permissible current loads and the sensitivity, the
  • the object on which the invention is based is to provide the current limiters for switching networks, in particular low and medium voltage technology, which can be adapted to the particular conditions at the place of use with simple means without the known properties being restricted. According to the invention, this is due to the features
  • the current limiter device is formed by a current limiting element containing high-temperature superconducting material
  • the current limiting element is arranged in a closed nitrogen container provided with an exhaust gas valve and completely surrounded by liquid nitrogen,
  • the nitrogen tank contains a gas space above the liquid nitrogen, in which a heat exchanger device is arranged, 1.4 the heat exchanger device is connected to a refrigeration machine device, 1.5 the refrigeration machine device is controllable in such a way that the heat exchanger device recondenses the gaseous nitrogen which forms in the gas space due to the penetrating heat . it is arranged in the closed nitrogen container
  • the current limiter device cools down again to the superconducting state if the heat generation due to excessively high currents such as overcurrents and short circuit currents can no longer take place due to the interruption of the energy supply.
  • the output of the refrigerating machine device can be regulated by a pressure measuring device which detects the pressure in the gas space.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides feature 3.1, the output of the power of the refrigerating machine device can be controlled by a temperature measuring device arranged in the liquid nitrogen of the nitrogen tank.
  • the feature is also to increase the safety standard of such switching networks
  • the nitrogen tank is provided with a burst protection device.
  • the invention is explained in more detail by an embodiment in which the structure of a possible embodiment of a resistive current limiter device is shown schematically.
  • the current limiter device is essentially formed from the current limiting element SE, which is arranged in the closed nitrogen container SB.
  • the nitrogen tank SB is filled with liquid nitrogen FN in such a way that a gas space GR can form above the liquid nitrogen FN.
  • the current limiting element SE is completely surrounded by the liquid nitrogen FN.
  • the heat exchanger device WT which is connected to the chiller device KM, is positioned in the gas space GR of the nitrogen container SB. Furthermore, it can be seen that the temperature measuring device TM is located in the liquid nitrogen f FN, which influences the refrigerating machine device KM with its output variable.
  • the nitrogen tank SB is also provided with the exhaust valve VA via which the gaseous one
  • Nitrogen GN which is formed when the liquid nitrogen FN is filled, can be removed from the nitrogen tank SB.
  • the current limiter device is equipped with the pressure measuring device DM, the output variable of which also contributes to the control of the refrigerating machine device KM.
  • the current limiter device is inserted directly into the circuit of the switching network (not shown) via the connections of the resistive current limiting element SE, which are not shown, and which are arranged outside the nitrogen tank SB.
  • Adapting these switching operations to the different operational and local conditions of the switching networks is practically achieved by regulating the cooling capacity of the refrigerating machine device KM by temperature and / or pressure control by means of the temperature measuring device TM and / or the pressure measuring device DM.
  • the current limiting element SE heats up appropriately when a current value in the overcurrent and in the short-circuit current is exceeded, the liquid nitrogen FN is evaporated and condenses on the heat exchanger device WT. This process can be detected both by the temperature measuring device TM and by the pressure measuring device DM and is used directly to control the delivery of the cooling capacity of the refrigerating machine device KM.
  • the heat exchanger device WT is cooled in such a way that the gaseous nitrogen GN in the gas space GR is converted back into the liquid state.
  • the current limiting element SE is cooled again to the original temperature of the liquid nitrogen FN. This means that on the one hand cold losses, which u. a. caused by the externally supplied power connections are always corrected without influencing the existing currents in the switching networks.
  • current interruptions due to the change in the effective resistance of the current Bounding element SE automatically terminates during the transition from the superconducting to the normal conducting state as soon as the fault - exceeding the permissible overcurrent or the presence of the short-circuit current - is no longer present. With the elimination of the fault, the original operating state - the power supply of the consumers connected to the switching network - is automatically restored without manual intervention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif limiteur de courant destiné à des circuits combinatoires, notamment de basse et moyenne tension, aux fins d'alimentation et de distribution d'énergie. Le dispositif limiteur de courant est constitué d'un élément limiteur de courant (SE) qui contient un matériau supraconducteur haute température et qui est placé dans un contenant fermé (SB). Ce contenant fermé (SB) renferme de l'azote et est doté d'une valve de gaz de combustion (VA). L'élément (SE), entièrement entouré d'azote liquide (FN), produit de l'azote gazeux (GN) lors de son échauffement. L'azote gazeux est recondensé en azote liquide (FN) dans un dispositif d'échange de chaleur (WT) sous l'action réglée d'un dispositif frigorifique (KM). De tels dispositifs limiteurs de courant sont utilisés dans des circuits combinatoires pour limiter les surintensités de courant et les courts-circuits.
PCT/DE1998/003382 1997-11-11 1998-11-10 Dispositif limiteur de courant destine a des circuits combinatoires WO1999025050A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19750760.3 1997-11-11
DE19750760A DE19750760A1 (de) 1997-11-11 1997-11-11 Strombegrenzungseinrichtung für Schaltnetze

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1999025050A1 true WO1999025050A1 (fr) 1999-05-20

Family

ID=7848899

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1998/003382 WO1999025050A1 (fr) 1997-11-11 1998-11-10 Dispositif limiteur de courant destine a des circuits combinatoires

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE19750760A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999025050A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1320166A1 (fr) * 2001-12-12 2003-06-18 Abb Research Ltd. Dispositif à supraconductivité

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0315663D0 (en) 2003-07-04 2003-08-13 Rolls Royce Plc A fault current limiter
US8037695B2 (en) 2003-07-04 2011-10-18 Rolls-Royce Plc Fault current limiter
DK1808905T3 (da) 2006-01-13 2008-08-04 Europ High Temperature Superco Fremgangsmåde og apparat til regulering af elektrisk effekt
US8611056B2 (en) * 2011-03-14 2013-12-17 Varian Semiconductor Equipment Associates Inc. Superconducting fault current limiter
JP2021103729A (ja) * 2019-12-25 2021-07-15 株式会社前川製作所 超電導限流器の冷却システム、超電導限流器及び超電導限流器の冷却システムの制御方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4020274A (en) * 1976-01-27 1977-04-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Superconducting cable cooling system by helium gas and a mixture of gas and liquid helium
EP0502644A1 (fr) * 1991-03-04 1992-09-09 The BOC Group plc Appareil frigorifique

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4020274A (en) * 1976-01-27 1977-04-26 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Superconducting cable cooling system by helium gas and a mixture of gas and liquid helium
EP0502644A1 (fr) * 1991-03-04 1992-09-09 The BOC Group plc Appareil frigorifique

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1320166A1 (fr) * 2001-12-12 2003-06-18 Abb Research Ltd. Dispositif à supraconductivité

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19750760A1 (de) 1999-05-12

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