EP1913238A2 - Procede pour augmenter le rendement d'une centrale thermique a gaz et a vapeur combinee, comprenant un systeme de gazeification de combustible integre - Google Patents

Procede pour augmenter le rendement d'une centrale thermique a gaz et a vapeur combinee, comprenant un systeme de gazeification de combustible integre

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Publication number
EP1913238A2
EP1913238A2 EP06792578A EP06792578A EP1913238A2 EP 1913238 A2 EP1913238 A2 EP 1913238A2 EP 06792578 A EP06792578 A EP 06792578A EP 06792578 A EP06792578 A EP 06792578A EP 1913238 A2 EP1913238 A2 EP 1913238A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
nitrogen
gas
gas turbine
air separation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06792578A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Werner GÜNSTER
Erik Wolf
Gerhard Zimmermann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP06792578A priority Critical patent/EP1913238A2/fr
Publication of EP1913238A2 publication Critical patent/EP1913238A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/067—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle the combustion heat coming from a gasification or pyrolysis process, e.g. coal gasification
    • F01K23/068—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle the combustion heat coming from a gasification or pyrolysis process, e.g. coal gasification in combination with an oxygen producing plant, e.g. an air separation plant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04527—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general
    • F25J3/04539—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the H2/CO synthesis by partial oxidation or oxygen consuming reforming processes of fuels
    • F25J3/04545—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the H2/CO synthesis by partial oxidation or oxygen consuming reforming processes of fuels for the gasification of solid or heavy liquid fuels, e.g. integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04563—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04563—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating
    • F25J3/04575—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating for a gas expansion plant, e.g. dilution of the combustion gas in a gas turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04563—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating
    • F25J3/04575—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating for a gas expansion plant, e.g. dilution of the combustion gas in a gas turbine
    • F25J3/04581—Hot gas expansion of indirect heated nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04593—The air gas consuming unit is also fed by an air stream
    • F25J3/04606—Partially integrated air feed compression, i.e. independent MAC for the air fractionation unit plus additional air feed from the air gas consuming unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04612—Heat exchange integration with process streams, e.g. from the air gas consuming unit
    • F25J3/04618—Heat exchange integration with process streams, e.g. from the air gas consuming unit for cooling an air stream fed to the air fractionation unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/04—Mixing or blending of fluids with the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/70—Steam turbine, e.g. used in a Rankine cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/80—Hot exhaust gas turbine combustion engine
    • F25J2240/82—Hot exhaust gas turbine combustion engine with waste heat recovery, e.g. in a combined cycle, i.e. for generating steam used in a Rankine cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2245/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams
    • F25J2245/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for recycling of process streams the recycled stream being nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2260/00—Coupling of processes or apparatus to other units; Integrated schemes
    • F25J2260/42—Integration in an installation using nitrogen, e.g. as utility gas, for inerting or purging purposes in IGCC, POX, GTL, PSA, float glass forming, incineration processes, for heat recovery or for enhanced oil recovery
    • F25J2260/44—Integration in an installation using nitrogen, e.g. as utility gas, for inerting or purging purposes in IGCC, POX, GTL, PSA, float glass forming, incineration processes, for heat recovery or for enhanced oil recovery using nitrogen for cooling purposes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for increasing the efficiency of a combined gas and steam power plant or
  • turbine power plant with integrated fuel gasification comprising a gas turbine compressor and a
  • Air separation plant having a predetermined operating pressure.
  • the so-called IGCC power plants in “IGCC” is an abbreviation for "Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle"
  • the combined cycle power plant has an integrated fuel gasification, by means of which a liquid or solid Fuel - such as hard coal - is converted in a gasifier into a synthesis gas, which is then burned in a gas turbine. Before the combustion is carried out usually a purification of the synthesis gas. Overall, in this way pollutants are separated before combustion or not even arise.
  • IGCC power plants have air separation plants in which the Ambient air is generated by fractional distillation in addition to the required oxygen, especially nitrogen.
  • the synthesis gas must be cooled before further treatment. This creates a steam that contributes to power generation in the steam turbine of the IGCC power plant.
  • filters After the gas has cooled down, filters initially retain ash particles, and carbon dioxide can then be removed if necessary.
  • Other pollutants such as sulfur compounds or heavy metals are also bound by chemical and physical processes. This realizes the necessary fuel purity for the operation of the gas turbines and low emissions of the IGCC power plant.
  • the synthesis gas is in front of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine with nitrogen from the air separation plant and / or with
  • the steam streams from the raw gas and exhaust gas cooling are combined and fed together to the steam turbine. After expansion in the steam turbine, the steam is condensed via a condenser and the condensate is fed back into the water or steam cycle via the feed water tank.
  • the gas and steam turbines (of a combined cycle power plant or an IGCC power plant) are coupled to a generator in which the rotational work of the turbines is converted into electrical energy.
  • GUD power plants or IGCC power plants are constantly being further developed. This is among other things the goal pursued, the efficiency or the performance of these power plants to increase steadily.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for increasing the efficiency of a combined cycle power plant in the form of an IGCC power plant, with which the efficiency compared to known methods can be significantly increased again.
  • This object is achieved with the aforementioned method for increasing the efficiency of a combined gas and steam power plant with integrated fuel gasification (IGCC power plant), which has a gas turbine compressor and an air separation plant with a predetermined operating pressure, in the compressed air from the Gas turbine compressor is taken at a pressure level which is adapted to the operating pressure of the air separation plant in which the extracted air is then fed to the air separation plant, in which the air is decomposed into its individual components, in particular oxygen and nitrogen, the nitrogen produced in the air separation plant the air separation plant is removed, and at least a portion of the withdrawn amount of nitrogen is used as the cooling medium.
  • IGCC power plant integrated fuel gasification
  • compressed air in the gas turbine compressor which has a pressure level which is adapted to the operating pressure of the air separation plant, fed to the air separation plant.
  • This already compressed air does not need to be compressed as the rest of the air to adapt to the operating pressure of the air separation plant, which is conveyed via a compressor from the environment in the air separation plant or compressed in the air separation plant.
  • part or even all of the air to be supplied to the air separation plant can be removed from the gas turbine compressor. The power and efficiency loss associated with the air separation is thus significantly reduced.
  • nitrogen is produced from the air by fractional distillation in addition to the oxygen required for the gasification of the fuels.
  • the nitrogen produced in the air separation plant which has a low temperature due to the fractional distillation (cryogenic air separation) carried out in the air separation plant, according to the invention removed from the air separation plant, wherein at least a portion of the withdrawn amount of nitrogen is used as a cooling medium at the IGCC power plant to increase its efficiency.
  • a cooling medium is finally provided by means of the method according to the invention, which can be produced without significant losses for the efficiency of the IGCC power plant.
  • This so provided according to the invention cooling medium can be used to realize cooling processes that track an increase in the efficiency or the performance of the IGCC power plant.
  • the inventive method is particularly advantageous when a comparatively low operating pressure of the air separation plant and consequently also a low nitrogen discharge pressure is present, in which an energy conversion by expansion of the nitrogen is not useful.
  • the aforementioned object is inventively further with a method for increasing the efficiency of a combined gas and steam power plant with integrated
  • Fuel gasification comprising a gas turbine compressor and an air separation plant having a predetermined operating pressure is achieved in the compressed air the gas turbine compressor is taken at a pressure level which is adapted to the operating pressure of the air separation plant, the extracted air is then fed to the air separation plant, in which the air is decomposed into its individual components, in particular oxygen and nitrogen, the nitrogen produced in the air separation plant Air separation plant is removed, and at least a portion of the withdrawn amount of nitrogen is heated and after heating in another turbine of the combined gas and steam power plant with integrated
  • Fuel gasification is relaxed to increase its efficiency.
  • the resulting in the relaxation and recoverable rotation work improves the efficiency of the system.
  • this method is particularly advantageous when the operating pressure of the air separation plant and thus the nitrogen discharge pressure have a mean pressure level. Then one is
  • the nitrogen can be used as a cooling medium according to the method described above.
  • thermal energy of the extracted compressed air is transferred via a heat exchanger to the part of the amount of nitrogen produced.
  • the part of the amount of nitrogen produced as a coolant is introduced into the gas turbine compressor to compressed air in the gas turbine compressor by mixing with the part of the amount of nitrogen produced to cool.
  • the cooling of the compressed air in the gas turbine compressor according to the invention can thus significantly increase the efficiency of the IGCC power plant.
  • the part of the withdrawn amount of nitrogen used as coolant is mixed with air sucked in by the gas turbine compressor in order to cool the intake air.
  • the air to be compressed in the gas turbine compressor can already be cooled before compression by means of the cold nitrogen.
  • heat energy of the sucked-in air can be transferred via a heat exchanger to the part of the withdrawn amount of nitrogen used as coolant in a practical further development of the method according to the invention for cooling the intake air.
  • the part of the withdrawn amount of nitrogen used as a coolant can alternatively be used as an additional cooling medium for a condenser of a steam turbine of the combined gas and steam power plant with integrated fuel gasification, whereby the expansion back pressure after the last steam turbine stage is further reduced and thus a performance gain and a Improvement of the steam turbine efficiency can be achieved.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a combined
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the IGCC power plant of Figure 1, which illustrates the cooling of compressed air by means of nitrogen from an air separation plant, and
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the IGCC power plant of FIG. 1 illustrating the increase in efficiency of the IGCC power plant by expansion of nitrogen from an air separation plant.
  • the IGCC power plant 10 shown schematically in FIG. 1 consists inter alia of a gas turbine 12 and a gas turbine compressor 14 upstream of the gas turbine 12.
  • Fuel such as hard coal, is gasified in a gasification unit 16 to produce a synthesis gas.
  • the oxygen required for the gasification is produced in an air separation plant 18 in which oxygen is produced from air by fractional distillation.
  • the air is usually taken from the environment and with
  • Gas turbine compressor and / or additional compressor introduced via a compressor 20 in the air separation unit 18 and compressed to the pressures required for the fractional distillation.
  • the synthesis gas produced in the gasification unit 16 is cooled before further treatment in a synthesis gas cooling unit 22 and then a gas cleaning unit 24th fed.
  • filters (not shown) first retain ash particles, and then, if required, carbon dioxide can also be withdrawn.
  • Other pollutants such as sulfur compounds or heavy metals are also bound by chemical and physical processes. Overall, the required for the operation of the gas turbine 12 fuel purity can be realized so.
  • the purified synthesis gas is then burned in a combustion chamber 26 and the resulting from the combustion with air
  • Working gas flows into the gas turbine 12, to which a generator (not shown) is coupled. After the working gas is expanded in the gas turbine 12, it is supplied to a heat recovery steam generator 28 to use the heat contained in the working gas for steam generation.
  • a generator not shown
  • Heat recovery steam generator 28 is integrated into a steam cycle 32, via which, inter alia, the steam generated during the cooling of the synthesis gas in the synthesis gas cooling unit 22 is supplied to the waste heat steam generator 28.
  • the steam generated by the cooling of the synthesis gas and the working gas is expanded in a steam turbine 34, which is coupled to a generator (not shown) for the provision of electrical energy.
  • the vapor is condensed via a condenser 36 and the condensate is fed via a feedwater pump 38 back into the heat recovery steam generator 28 and thus into the steam circuit 32.
  • the already compressed air needs to adapt to the operating pressure of the air separation plant 18 so not like the rest of the air via the compressor 20 from the environment in the Air separation plant is sucked and compressed in the air separation plant 18, to be compressed with concomitant reduction in efficiency or performance. It can be removed from the gas turbine compressor 14, a part or even the entire air to be supplied to the air separation unit 18 air.
  • the nitrogen produced in the air separation plant 18, which has a low temperature due to the fractional distillation carried out in the air separation plant 18, according to the invention removed from the air separation plant 18 and fed through a nitrogen compressor 42 the synthesis gas stream to suppress the formation of nitrogen oxides largely ,
  • a portion of the cold nitrogen to be supplied to the gas purification unit 24 or gas conditioning is branched between the air separation plant 18 and the gas purification unit 24 to be used as the cooling medium, with the aim of increasing the efficiency of the IGCC power plant by suitable cooling.
  • this can take place inter alia as shown schematically in FIG.
  • the amount of nitrogen provided as the cooling medium is either introduced directly into the gas turbine compressor 14 in order to cool compressed air in the gas turbine compressor 14 by mixing with the branched nitrogen.
  • the air to be compressed in the gas turbine compressor 14 may also be cooled by a heat exchanger (not shown) with which the air to be compressed is cooled against the branched-off cold nitrogen.
  • the branched nitrogen may also be mixed with the intake air to cool the intake air.
  • the air to be compressed in the gas turbine compressor 14 can be cooled already before compression by means of the cold branched nitrogen.
  • the intake air can be cooled by a heat exchanger (not shown) with which the intake air is cooled against the branched-off cold nitrogen.
  • Another possibility for increasing the efficiency of the IGCC power plant according to the invention is to use the branched cold nitrogen as an additional cooling medium for the condenser 36 of the steam turbine 34 in order to achieve a significant increase in the efficiency or performance of the capacitor 36.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of the IGCC power plant 10, which illustrates the increase in efficiency of the IGCC power plant 10 by expansion of nitrogen from an air separation plant 18.
  • the branched cold nitrogen is passed through the heat exchanger 40, where it is heated against warm compressed air of the gas turbine compressor 14. After heating, the branched nitrogen is expanded in a separate expander 44 to drive a generator 46 coupled to the expander 44.
  • This process for increasing the efficiency can be used effectively when the operating pressure of the air separation plant 18 and thus the nitrogen discharge pressure have a mean pressure level. Then an energy conversion by expansion of the nitrogen in an expander 44 makes sense. After expansion, the nitrogen can be used as a cooling medium according to the above method.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé pour augmenter le rendement d'une centrale thermique à gaz et à vapeur combinée (10) comprenant un système de gazéification de combustible intégré, la centrale comprenant un compresseur de turbine à gaz (14) et un système de décomposition d'air (18) ayant une pression de fonctionnement prédéterminée. Selon l'invention, de l'air comprimé est prélevé du compresseur de turbine à gaz (14) à un niveau de pression qui est adapté à la pression de fonctionnement du système de décomposition d'air (18), l'air prélevé alimente ensuite le système de décomposition d'air (18) dans lequel il est décomposé en composantes individuelles, en particulier en oxygène et en azote, l'azote produit dans le système de décomposition d'air (18) est prélevé de ce dernier, et au moins une partie de l'azote prélevé est utilisée comme agent de refroidissement pour la centrale thermique à gaz et à vapeur, afin d'en augmenter le rendement.
EP06792578A 2005-08-05 2006-07-26 Procede pour augmenter le rendement d'une centrale thermique a gaz et a vapeur combinee, comprenant un systeme de gazeification de combustible integre Withdrawn EP1913238A2 (fr)

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EP06792578A EP1913238A2 (fr) 2005-08-05 2006-07-26 Procede pour augmenter le rendement d'une centrale thermique a gaz et a vapeur combinee, comprenant un systeme de gazeification de combustible integre

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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EP05017062 2005-08-05
PCT/EP2006/064693 WO2007017387A2 (fr) 2005-08-05 2006-07-26 Procede pour augmenter le rendement d'une centrale thermique a gaz et a vapeur combinee, comprenant un systeme de gazeification de combustible integre
EP06792578A EP1913238A2 (fr) 2005-08-05 2006-07-26 Procede pour augmenter le rendement d'une centrale thermique a gaz et a vapeur combinee, comprenant un systeme de gazeification de combustible integre

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EP1913238A2 true EP1913238A2 (fr) 2008-04-23

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US (1) US8020388B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1913238A2 (fr)
CN (1) CN101287893B (fr)
IL (1) IL189153A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007017387A2 (fr)

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CN101287893A (zh) 2008-10-15
CN101287893B (zh) 2012-06-13
WO2007017387A2 (fr) 2007-02-15
US20100146929A1 (en) 2010-06-17
IL189153A0 (en) 2009-08-03
WO2007017387A3 (fr) 2008-07-03
US8020388B2 (en) 2011-09-20

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