EP0211335B1 - Centrale à cycle combiné - Google Patents

Centrale à cycle combiné Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0211335B1
EP0211335B1 EP86110159A EP86110159A EP0211335B1 EP 0211335 B1 EP0211335 B1 EP 0211335B1 EP 86110159 A EP86110159 A EP 86110159A EP 86110159 A EP86110159 A EP 86110159A EP 0211335 B1 EP0211335 B1 EP 0211335B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
gas
heat exchanger
air
nitrogen
line
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Expired
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EP86110159A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0211335A1 (fr
Inventor
Ulrich Dr. Schiffers
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Priority to AT86110159T priority Critical patent/ATE34201T1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
    • F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
    • F25J3/04181—Regenerating the adsorbents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/067—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle the combustion heat coming from a gasification or pyrolysis process, e.g. coal gasification
    • F01K23/068—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle the combustion heat coming from a gasification or pyrolysis process, e.g. coal gasification in combination with an oxygen producing plant, e.g. an air separation plant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
    • F02C3/26—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being solid or pulverulent, e.g. in slurry or suspension
    • F02C3/28—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being solid or pulverulent, e.g. in slurry or suspension using a separate gas producer for gasifying the fuel before combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
    • F25J3/04018—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of main feed air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04109—Arrangements of compressors and /or their drivers
    • F25J3/04115—Arrangements of compressors and /or their drivers characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
    • F25J3/04127—Gas turbine as the prime mechanical driver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04527—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general
    • F25J3/04539—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the H2/CO synthesis by partial oxidation or oxygen consuming reforming processes of fuels
    • F25J3/04545—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the H2/CO synthesis by partial oxidation or oxygen consuming reforming processes of fuels for the gasification of solid or heavy liquid fuels, e.g. integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04563—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating
    • F25J3/04575—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating for a gas expansion plant, e.g. dilution of the combustion gas in a gas turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04593—The air gas consuming unit is also fed by an air stream
    • F25J3/04606—Partially integrated air feed compression, i.e. independent MAC for the air fractionation unit plus additional air feed from the air gas consuming unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04612—Heat exchange integration with process streams, e.g. from the air gas consuming unit
    • F25J3/04618—Heat exchange integration with process streams, e.g. from the air gas consuming unit for cooling an air stream fed to the air fractionation unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/60—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using adsorption on solid adsorbents, e.g. by temperature-swing adsorption [TSA] at the hot or cold end
    • F25J2205/66—Regenerating the adsorption vessel, e.g. kind of reactivation gas
    • F25J2205/70—Heating the adsorption vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/06—Splitting of the feed stream, e.g. for treating or cooling in different ways
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/70—Steam turbine, e.g. used in a Rankine cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/80—Hot exhaust gas turbine combustion engine
    • F25J2240/82—Hot exhaust gas turbine combustion engine with waste heat recovery, e.g. in a combined cycle, i.e. for generating steam used in a Rankine cycle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
    • Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a combined gas and steam turbine power plant with a coal gasifier upstream of the gas turbine part, with a heat exchanger system connected downstream of the coal gasifier with a raw gas-clean gas heat exchanger, a gas cleaning system downstream of the heat exchanger system, with a clean gas line leading to the combustion chamber of the gas turbine, with a Coal gasifier upstream air separation system, with an oxygen line feeding the coal gasifier and a nitrogen line leading to the combustion chamber of the gas turbine, a nitrogen compressor connected into the nitrogen line and at least one air compressor upstream of the air separation unit and the combustion chamber of the gas turbine.
  • Such a combined gas and steam turbine power plant is known from DE-A-33 19 711.
  • the hot raw gas leaving the coal gasifier is cooled in a heat exchanger system comprising a high-pressure steam generator, a raw gas / clean gas heat exchanger and a low pressure steam generator before it is introduced into a gas cleaning system.
  • the heat thus obtained is used in the high-pressure steam generator to generate high-pressure steam, in the raw gas-pure gas heat exchanger to reheat the clean gas flowing from the gas cleaning system to the combustion chamber of the gas turbine, and in the low-pressure steam generator to generate low-pressure steam.
  • the high and low pressure steam generated in this way is fed to the steam turbine power plant part.
  • the object of the invention is to utilize the heat released at various points in such a combined gas and steam turbine power plant in order to increase the overall efficiency even more efficiently.
  • a further heat exchanger for generating process heat can be switched on in the branch of the air line which contains the nitrogen air heat exchanger. This opens up the possibility of utilizing the heat still present in the compressor air after passing through the nitrogen-air heat exchanger and thus further improving the net efficiency of the power plant.
  • the figure is a schematic representation of the individual components of the gas and steam turbine power plant according to the invention in their mutual connection.
  • the combined gas and steam turbine power plant 1 as shown in FIG. 1, consists essentially of a gas turbine power plant part 2 and a steam turbine power plant part 3, a coal gasifier 4 connected upstream of the gas turbine power plant part with an air separation unit 5 connected upstream of the coal gasifier, a heat exchanger system 6 connected downstream of the coal gasifier and a raw gas side of the heat exchanger system 6 downstream gas cleaning system 7.
  • the heat exchanger system 6 comprises a high pressure steam generator 8, a raw gas clean gas heat exchanger 9 and a low pressure steam generator 10.
  • the gas cleaning system 7 downstream of the raw gas side of the heat exchanger system 6 comprises in the exemplary embodiment a raw gas scrubber 11, a hydrogen sulfide system, a hydrogen sulfide absorption and a wastewater treatment plant 54 with an evaporator 53 for wastewater evaporation.
  • the gas turbines The power plant section includes a gas turbine 14 and an air compressor 15 and a generator 16 each driven by the gas turbine.
  • An air line 18 leading to both the combustion chamber 17 of the gas turbine 14 and the air separation plant 5 is connected to the air compressor 15. Connected to this air line in parallel to the air compressor 15 driven by the gas turbine 14 is a further air compressor 19 which can be switched on and driven separately as required.
  • the air line 18 is split between the two air compressors 15, 19 and the air separation plant 5 into two branches 20, 21. One of these leads 20 to the air separation plant via a heat exchanger 23 connected to the molecular sieve regeneration circuit 22 of the air separation plant 5.
  • the other branch 21 leads via a nitrogen-air heat exchanger 26 connected behind the nitrogen compressor 24 in the nitrogen line 25, a further heat exchanger 27 for generating process heat, a heat exchanger 28 for generating process heat and / or for district heat extraction, and an end cooler 29 to the entrance 5.
  • the clean gas line 30 leaving the gas cleaning system 7 leads via the raw gas / clean gas heat exchanger 9 of the heat exchanger system 6 directly into the combustion chamber 17 of the gas turbine 14. Before entering the combustion chamber, this clean gas line 30 opens into the combustion chamber 17 from the nitrogen / air Heat exchanger 26 exiting nitrogen line 25.
  • the exhaust pipe 31 of the gas turbine leads through a heat recovery steam generator system 32 and, after passing through it, opens into a chimney 33 Generator 38 and is connected on the exhaust side to a condenser 39.
  • the condenser is in turn connected to a feed water tank 41 via a condensate pump 40.
  • the various feed water heating surfaces and steam generator heating surfaces of the heat recovery steam generator system 32 or the heat exchanger system 6 connected downstream of the coal gasifier 4 are supplied via feed water pumps 42, 43, 44 connected to the feed water container.
  • the superheater heating surfaces in the heat exchanger system 6 connected downstream of the coal gasifier 4 and in the steam generator located in the waste heat steam generator system are connected on the output side to the corresponding inlet connection 45, 46 of the steam turbine 37 in accordance with their pressure level.
  • molecular sieves - generally zeolites or aluminiosilicates - before the air is cooled to low temperatures and are thus separated from the air.
  • molecular sieves are cyclically switched over and the loaded molecular sieve is switched into the molecular sieve regeneration circuit 22 in order to expel the adsorbed substances by heating.
  • a partial stream of the nitrogen separated in the air separation plant is used as the regeneration gas.
  • the oxygen obtained in the air separation plant is passed through the oxygen compressor 48 used in the oxygen line 47 into the coal gasifier operated with excess pressure. Finely ground coal is fed to this coal gasifier in a manner not shown here via the coal feed line 49.
  • the ash formed is discharged via the ash discharge line 50.
  • the raw gas generated in the coal gasifier 4 gives its heat in the heat exchanger system 6 connected downstream of the coal gasifier in the high pressure and low pressure steam generator installed there to the feed water or the steam for the steam turbine 37 and in the raw gas / clean gas heat exchanger 9 to that which flows out of the gas cleaning system 7 Clean gas before it reaches the gas cleaning system 7. Dust and halogens are first washed out in the crude gas scrubber 11 and the sulfur compounds and other residual gases are separated off in the downstream sulfur absorption system 12. The sulfur compounds are converted into elemental sulfur in the connected sulfur recovery plant 13. The wastewater obtained in the raw gas scrubber 11 and the sulfur absorption plant are processed in the wastewater treatment. In the case of chlorine-containing coals, a chloride-rich waste water forms. In order to reduce the salt load in the water, the pre-concentrated chloride-containing wastewater is evaporated. The chloride can then be disposed of as salt.
  • the clean gas leaving the gas cleaning system 7, depending on the method used, at about 20 to 80 ° C. is reheated by the raw gas in the raw gas-clean gas heat exchanger 9 and fed to the combustion chamber 17 of the gas turbine 14 via the clean gas line 30. Nitrogen is fed to this clean gas immediately upstream of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine. This is in the stick after leaving the air separation plant 5
  • Compressor 24 compresses to the pressure level in the clean gas line 30 immediately upstream of the combustion chamber 17 of the gas turbine 14 and heats it up to about 90 to 200.degree. It is then further heated in the nitrogen-air heat exchanger 26 to the temperature level of the clean gas flowing in from the raw gas-clean gas heat exchanger 9.
  • the hot fuel gas formed in this way flows into the combustion chamber 17, is burned there and fed to the gas turbine 14.
  • the exhaust gas from the gas turbine passes through the exhaust gas line 31 into the waste heat steam generator system 32 and there releases its heat to the feed water or the steam in the high pressure steam generator 34, the feed water heating surface 35 and the low pressure steam generator 36. Cooled to 100 to 180 ° C, the exhaust gas is passed into the chimney 33.
  • the excess heat of the compressor air is used not only to heat the nitrogen flowing to the combustion chamber 17, but also to provide the heat required for the molecular sieve regeneration circuit 22 and the process heat of other consumers within the power plant.
  • the hot, compressed air flowing to the air separation plant can still be used for internal process heat generation after passing through the nitrogen-air heat exchanger, even at a now lower temperature level.
  • the heat exchanger 27 connected downstream of the nitrogen-air heat exchanger 26 can be used to evaporate pre-concentrated chlorine-containing wastewater from the gas cleaning system.
  • multi-stage evaporation under vacuum appears to be particularly suitable for this, because the reduction in the evaporation temperature that can be achieved in this way exploits a large proportion of the sensible heat of the air for evaporation.
  • the number of stages depends on technical and economic considerations. For energy consumption reasons, more than one step is usually necessary. If the energy required for evaporation cannot be covered entirely from the heat absorbed in the heat exchanger, heating steam generated in the power plant can also be supplied to the evaporation system.
  • a part of the steam generated in the sulfur recovery plant or low-pressure steam taken from the steam turbine power plant part 3 can be used.
  • the heating heat supplied to the hydrogen sulfide absorption system 12 by the heat exchanger 51 - which in particular is intended to cover the heat requirement for the regeneration of the loaded detergent - can be covered from part of the heat dissipated in the heat exchangers 27 or 28.
  • the coupling of the heat from the heat exchanger 28 is particularly suitable for the detergent regeneration under vacuum because of the low temperature level.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Hybrid Cells (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)

Claims (12)

1. Centrale électrique combinée à turbine à gaz et à turbine à vapeur, comprenant un appareil de gazéification de charbon (4) prévu en amont de la partie turbine à gaz (2), une installation d'échange thermique (6), prévue en aval de l'appareil de gazéification de charbon et comportant un échangeur de chaleur gaz brut-gaz épuré (9), une installation d'épuration de gaz (7) prévue en aval de l'installation d'échange thermique, une conduite de gaz épuré (30) menant à la chambre de combustion de la turbine à gaz, un décompositeur d'air (5) prévu en amont de l'appareil de gazéification de charbon, une conduite d'oxygène (47) alimentant l'appareil de gazéification de charbon et une conduite d'azote (25) menant à la chambre de combustion de la turbine à gaz, un compresseur d'azote (24) monté dans la conduite d'azote et au moins un compresseur d'air (19) prévu en amont du décompositeur d'air et de la chambre de combustion de la turbine à gaz, caractérisée en ce que la conduite d'air (18) reliant le compresseur d'air (15,19) à l'entrée du décompositeur d'air (5) est divisée en deux branches parallèles (20, 21 ), dans l'une (20) desquelles est incorporé un échangeur de chaleur (23) monté dans le circuit de régénération (22) de tamis moléculaires du décompositeur d'air, et dans l'autre branche (21 ) desquelles est incorporé un échangeur de chaleur azote-air (26) raccordé à la conduite d'azote (25) menant à la chambre de combustion (17) de la turbine à gaz (14).
2. Centrale selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la conduite d'azote (25) en aval de l'échangeur de chaleur azote-air (26) débouche dans la conduite de gaz épuré (30) en aval de l'échangeur de chaleur gaz brut-gaz épuré (9).
3. Centrale selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un échangeur de chaleur supplémentaire (27) pour la production de chaleur utilisée dans le processus est incorporé dans la branche (21 ) de la conduite d'air (18) contenant l'échangeur de chaleur azote-air (26).
4. Centrale selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'un échangeur de chaleur supplémentaire (28) pour la dérivation de chaleur utilisée à distance est incorporé dans la branche (21) de la conduite d'air (18) contenant l'échangeur de chaleur azote-air (26).
5. Centrale selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la branche (21 ) de la conduite d'air (18) contenant l'échangeur de chaleur azote-air (26) comporte un refroidisseur d'air terminal (29) immédiatement en amont du décompositeur d'air (5).
6. Centrale selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que la chaleur dégagée dans l'échangeur de chaleur (27) est amenée à un évaporateur (53) de l'installation pour la concentration par évaporation de l'eau usée chlorurée de l'installation (54) de traitement des eaux usées.
7. Centrale selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que l'évaporateur (53) peut être alimenté avec de la chaleur supplémentaire sous forme de vapeur basse pression provenant de la turbine à vapeur basse pression.
8. Centrale selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que l'évaporateur peut être alimenté avec de la chaleur supplémentaire sous forme de vapeur basse pression provenant de l'installation (13) d'extraction de soufre.
9. Centrale selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que la concentration par évaporation de l'eau usée chlorurée s'opère sous vide.
10. Centrale selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que la concentration par évaporation s'effectue dans une installation d'évaporation (54) à plusieurs étages, avec alimentation du premier étage d'évaporation avec de la chaleur amenée depuis l'échangeur de chaleur (27).
11. Centrale selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce qu'une partie au moins de la chaleur dégagée dans les échangeurs de chaleur (27, 28) peut être amenée au rebouilleur (51 ) de la colonne de régénération de l'installation de désulfuration.
12. Centrale selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que la régénération de l'agent de lavage de l'installation (12) d'absorption de l'acide sulfhydrique s'opère sous vide.
EP86110159A 1985-08-05 1986-07-23 Centrale à cycle combiné Expired EP0211335B1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86110159T ATE34201T1 (de) 1985-08-05 1986-07-23 Kombiniertes gas- und dampfturbinenkraftwerk.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE3528073 1985-08-05
DE3528073 1985-08-05

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EP0211335A1 EP0211335A1 (fr) 1987-02-25
EP0211335B1 true EP0211335B1 (fr) 1988-05-11

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EP (1) EP0211335B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6235031A (fr)
AT (1) ATE34201T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU591692B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE3660191D1 (fr)
IN (1) IN166442B (fr)
ZA (1) ZA865821B (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4697415A (en) 1987-10-06
IN166442B (fr) 1990-05-12
AU6082786A (en) 1987-02-12
AU591692B2 (en) 1989-12-14
DE3660191D1 (en) 1988-06-16
EP0211335A1 (fr) 1987-02-25
ATE34201T1 (de) 1988-05-15
JPS6235031A (ja) 1987-02-16
ZA865821B (en) 1987-03-25

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