EP1874514A2

EP1874514A2 - Device for production of moulded concrete blocks

Info

Publication number: EP1874514A2
Application number: EP06723846A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Rudolf Braungardt
Original assignee: Kobra Formen GmbH
Current assignee: Kobra Formen GmbH
Priority date: 2005-04-16
Filing date: 2006-03-30
Publication date: 2008-01-09
Anticipated expiration: 2026-03-30
Also published as: WO2006111253A3; DE102005017669A1; EP1874514B1; DK1874514T3; ES2395302T3; WO2006111253A2; PL1874514T3

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for production of moulded concrete blocks, comprising an exchangeable mould insert (FE) held in a moulding machine, whereby the connection between a frame (HLL, HLR) and the mould insert and between the mould insert and a base (SB) are embodied such that, during a vibration process the mould insert is tensioned against the base and not connected to the frame and for vertical displacement of the mould insert the above is uncoupled from the base and coupled to the frame for vertical displacement.

Description

Device for producing concrete blocks.

The invention relates to an apparatus for the production of concrete blocks by compacting fresh concrete in a molding machine under the action of shaking forces.

Such a device is described for example in NL 86 02 100. A mold insert is removably mounted in a holding frame, which is vertically movable along vertical guide columns of a molding machine. The mold insert can be placed on a pad located below the mold frame and pressed by the holding frame on the substrate and can be excited by means of a vibrator to vibrate. After filling the mold insert with earth-moist concrete, hereinafter referred to as fresh concrete, a ballast with stamp plates is lowered into the upper openings of the mold cavity and presses on the fresh concrete. In the subsequent shaking the pad is z. B. excited by rotating unbalanced masses or blow bars to vibrations, which are also transmitted to the mold insert and the fresh concrete. After a short shaking time, the compacted molded bodies can be removed from the mold cavities, for which purpose the mold frame is moved upwards and the stamps of the ballast hold the moldings on the substrate. During the shaking operation, the mold insert, which is bolted to the support frame, is forced over the support frame with high force on the support. Between the pressing force transmitting, vertically opposite surfaces of support frame and mold insert a layer of damping material is inserted.

From EP 730 936 B1, a device is known in which a mold consists of a mold frame and a mold insert which is held in the mold frame by interposition of elastically prestressed damping material exists, which are handled as a form together and are not separated by the user. About flange strips on the outside of the mold frame, the mold in clamping positions of the molding machine is firmly clamped. In a device according to WO 03/092973, the forces between the mold frame and mold insert during the Rüttelvorgangs by a thin elastic layer, with which a gap between the mold frame and mold insert is poured, collected.

In one known from DE 203 01 954 U1 apparatus for shaping mixtures is a mold insert via bracing elements with a vibrating table, to which a harmonic vibration generating system is attached coupled. To replace the mold, the bracing elements are released.

The invention has for its object to provide an advantageous device for the production of concrete blocks.

The invention is described in claim 1. The dependent claims contain advantageous refinements and developments of the invention.

The combination of a detachable clamping device between the mold insert and the vibratory support on the one hand and a detachable holding device between a machine-side holding frame and the mold insert on the other hand results in an advantageous functional separation of different connections of the mold insert in different time periods of the successive production cycles. Of particular advantage is the possibility of loose coupling or preferably complete decoupling of the mold insert from the holding frame in the vibrating phase. In particular, no vertical contact forces between holding frame and mold insert are exceeded. wear. On the other hand, the mold insert between two shaking in the engaged position of the holding devices on this with the holding frame, in particular its vertical mobility relative to the vibratory pad so rigidly coupled that a precise immersion of a pressure plate Auflastvorrichtung in the at least one mold cavity and the precise vertical position are reliably ensured by printing plates and bottom edge of the mold cavity during demolding. The insert is thus manageable as a conventional mold insert during filling and demolding. In the release position of the holding devices, the power coupling between the holding frame and mold insert on the holding device is preferably completely canceled or greatly reduced so that during the vibration process, the holding frame measurable acceleration maximum 20%, in particular maximum 10% of the acceleration on the holding means connected part of the mold insert.

The holding devices and / or clamping devices are advantageously automatically, in particular via a pressurized fluid, preferably hydraulically actuated. Preferably, a control device in coordination with other actuators of the molding machine controls the timely operation of the holding devices and clamping devices.

With regard to the type of Rüttelanregung there are no restrictions, in particular, the shock vibration can be used with blow bars. A vibrating device with vibration exciters between the base and a counterweight advantageously has a counterweight to the mold insert on the opposite.

The holding devices advantageously have movable, preferably automatic, sides of the holding frame connected to the forming machine operable holding elements and on the side of the mold insert only passive counter-elements for releasable engagement with the holding elements. The passive counter-elements may in particular be openings in the mold insert into which the holding elements can be inserted.

The holding elements are designed in an advantageous embodiment at least at their end facing the mold insert bolt-shaped. The opening in the mold insert is advantageously expanded on the holding frame facing away from the end of a region for the engagement of the holding elements and open at the bottom. As a result, fresh concrete, which u. U. in the area of the openings has been moved to the widening and fail down.

In another advantageous embodiment, the holding devices between the release position and the engagement position are substantially immobile and contain holding elements whose power coupling between the holding frame and mold insert is variable. In a preferred embodiment, the holding elements contain fluid-filled hollow body whose force coupling is adjustable by changing the fluid pressure via leads to the hollow bodies. For the rigid coupling in the engaged position, the hollow body are subjected to high fluid pressure, for the release position, the hollow body are subjected to low pressure or switched without pressure and thus soft in the coupling behavior. In another embodiment, the holding elements may contain magnetic coils which generate magnetic fields for the engagement position, in particular repulsive magnetic fields, wherein permanent magnets are preferably arranged on the sides of the forme set.

The extensive decoupling of the holding frame from the mold insert during the shaking process, in particular the elimination of the vertical contact forces between holding frame and mold insert also simplifies substantially the Befe- Stigung a vertically movable in the molding machine and fixed during the shaking holding frame.

The holding frame advantageously consists of only two retaining flanges or retaining strips arranged on opposite sides of the mold insert and connected individually to the molding machine. The support frame but in other embodiments, the mold insert as a U-shape to three or closed on all four sides surrounded.

The holding elements hold the mold insert in a horizontal plane advantageously in a defined position, so that no further centering for precise alignment of mold insert and printing plates of a Auflastvorrichtung are necessary. The holding elements carry the mold insert in a position lifted from the vibration pad, in particular during the removal of the compacted concrete moldings from the mold insert.

Clamping elements of the clamping devices engage advantageously from below into the mold insert in counter-elements, in particular in downwardly open and preferably closed up against the incidence of fresh concrete openings in the bottom of the mold insert. Clamping elements and counter-clamping elements are advantageously designed rotatable relative to one another. Contact surfaces for clamping the clamping devices can then advantageously be formed at least approximately as helical sections about the axis of rotation of clamping element or counter-clamping element. In a preferred embodiment, the clamping elements and counter-clamping elements engage in one another via a thread.

The clamping devices brace for the shaking the mold insert against the pad with a force which is typically sufficient to to reliably prevent a lateral displacement of the decoupled from the frame mold insert on the pad. In addition, centering elements can be provided between the vibrating pad and the mold insert, which positively interlock with structures and counterstructures mounted on the vibrating pad and determine the position of the mold insert on the vibrating pad and secure against horizontal displacement of the mold insert relative to the pad. Between the metallic mold insert and the typically also metallic Rüttelunterlage can be inserted in a conventional manner, an intermediate layer, usually in the form of a wooden board, which serves mainly for the one-layer production as a support for the removal and storage of the concrete moldings ,

The invention is illustrated below with reference to preferred embodiments with reference to the figures still in detail. Showing:

1 a mold insert lifted from a Rüttelunterlage,

2 is a plan view of mold insert with holding frame,

3 is an enlarged section along III - III of Fig. 2,

4 is an enlarged section along IV- IV of Fig. 2,

5 enlarges the detail V of FIG. 2,

6 shows a preferred embodiment of a tensioning element, Fig. 7, the clamping element of FIG. 6 in partially cut

Side View,

8 is a section along VIII - VIII of Fig. 7,

9 to 21 an actuating sequence for holding devices and clamping devices,

22 is an oblique view of a mold insert for larger stone heights on a Rüttelunterlage,

FIG. 23 shows the arrangement of FIG. 21 obliquely from below, FIG.

FIG. 24 shows a section through an arrangement according to FIG. 22, FIG.

FIG. 25 shows a section XXV from FIG. 24, FIG.

FIG. 26 shows a holding frame closed around a mold insert, FIG.

27 shows a high mold insert with holding devices in the lower region,

FIG. 28 shows the mold insert according to FIG. 27 obliquely from below, FIG.

29 shows a machine retrofitting with auxiliary holding frame,

FIG. 30 shows the arrangement according to FIG. 29 with a mold insert according to FIG. 27, FIG. 31 shows an example with fluid-filled hollow bodies in the holding devices,

Fig. 32 shows an example with magnetic coils in the holding devices.

Fig. 1 shows an oblique view from above a vertically movable in a forming machine in the vertical z-direction holding frame in which vertically spaced from a Rüttelunterlage a mold insert is held.

The support frame consists in the preferred example outlined of two arranged in the horizontal y-direction of the coordinate system drawn on opposite sides of the mold insert FE retaining strips HLL, HLR. The retaining strips are permanently connected to the machine and provided for receiving various interchangeable mold inserts. The holding elements are vertically movable by means of hydraulic cylinders in a manner which is customary for holding frames and are guided in vertical guides, which can also be formed by the hydraulic cylinders themselves. For reasons of clarity, only the vertical guides are indicated by the molding machine. The mold insert has in a central area a stone field with several shape nests FN, which form up and down open receptacles for fresh concrete or a similar mixture. The mold cavities essentially determine the shape of the concrete moldings produced on the mold insert. The mold insert has connection areas ABL and ABR on the side of the mold cavity area toward the retaining strips HLL, HLR, which in sketched example extend to the associated retaining strips except for a narrow gap SP. In the connection areas counter holding elements are arranged to holding devices between retaining strips and mold insert and counter-clamping elements of clamping devices for vertical clamping of the mold insert against the Rüttelunterlage, which hereinafter with reference to advantageous Embodiments are illustrated. The engaged holding means determine the horizontal position of the mold insert with respect to the retaining strips and couple the mold insert to the vertical displacement of the retaining strips along the vertical guides.

The vibratory pad is shown in the example sketched as a rectangular vibrating table RT, which can be excited to vibrate only schematically indicated vibrating RE, wherein the vibrations preferably have predominantly vertical components. In order to stimulate the vibrations, vibrating devices which are known per se to the person skilled in the art, in particular vibratory devices which can be removed from the prior art mentioned at the beginning, can be used with harmonic unbalance vibration or shock vibration via blow bars. The amplitudes of the excited vibrations of the vibrating table are typically in a range between 0.5 mm and 5 mm.

On the mold insert facing top of the vibrating table is in a conventional manner a stone board SB, which typically consists of wood or plastic, placed. The stone board SB does not occupy the entire table width of the vibrating table RT in the y-direction. In the y-direction on both sides of the stone board, lateral areas SSL, SSR of the vibrating table are provided with clamping elements SE of clamping devices. The clamping elements protrude in the sketched embodiment on the table surface upwards and also on the underside of the table down. The counter-clamping elements of the clamping devices are arranged in the connection areas ABL, ABR of the forme set, preferably on its underside. Particularly advantageous embodiments of such clamping devices are described below in detail. The stone board is, in particular in one-layer production as a transport and storage pad with the compacted and demolded concrete moldings from the vibrating table in the x direction shifted, which is why along this Board edge no tensioning elements over the table surface stand out, and replaced by an empty stone board.

In addition to the vibrating table and mold insert, an on-load device is typically also included in the molding machine, which is generally known and not shown in FIG. 1 for the sake of clarity. The loading device engages stamping plates into the upper openings of the mold filled with fresh concrete and exerts pressure on the concrete during the vibration process. The printing plates further serve to reliably demould the compacted concrete moldings from the mold cavities downward by moving the mold insert relative to them upwardly after completion of the vibrating operation at a substantially constant vertical relative position of stone plank and printing plates, and the compacted concrete moldings on the stone plank stay.

In Fig. 2, the holding between the holding frame forming retaining strips HLL, HLR held mold insert is shown in plan view, wherein the holding means between the holding frame and mold insert are shown partially cut away. The retaining strips are shown simplified without the connection to the vertical guides of the molding machine. FIGS. 3 to 5 show enlarged sections with different ones of the plurality of holding devices.

The holding devices HE1, HE2, HE3 and HE4 are each formed by a holding element on the side of the retaining strip and a counter-holding element on the side of the mold insert. In an advantageous embodiment, the holding elements are transverse to each other on the gap SP opposite wall surfaces of retaining strip and mold insert, preferably substantially perpendicular to these wall surfaces linearly displaceable. The holding elements HB are advantageously bolt-like at least at their ends facing the mold insert with a western constant cross section. The counter-holding elements in the mold insert comprise in particular an opening, preferably as a bore, in the wall of the mold insert, which is slightly larger than the cross section of the bolt-shaped holding elements. Via the linear displaceability, the holding elements can be displaced between an engagement position with ends projecting into the openings GB and a release position withdrawn from the opening. The displacement takes place via arranged in the retaining strips actuating means, which are preferably designed as pressure-actuated cylinder. The horizontal displacement of the holding elements allows a low overall height of the terminal areas ABL, ABR and is thus advantageously suitable for mold inserts to low heights of z. B. only a few centimeters.

The holding elements HB are secured in the retaining strips and by the engagement in the openings GB of the mold insert there against tilting about the direction of displacement and therefore stabilize in the engaged position, the position of the mold insert in each case transversely to the respective direction of displacement. In order to ensure a unique position of the mold insert between the retaining strips in the drawing plane of FIG. 2, different holding devices are advantageously aligned with different displacement directions of the linearly displaceable holding elements. The holding devices HE1 and HE3 have a displacement direction parallel to the y-direction and stabilize the position of the mold insert against relative displacements of mold insert and holding frame in the x- and z-direction, the holding means HE2 and HE4 act positionstabili with parallel to the x-direction displacement directions - Based on relative displacements in the y- and z-direction. Thus, stabilization of the position of the mold insert in the holding frame in all directions is ensured with simply designed holding devices. For the different orientations of the individual holding devices, the course of the Advantageously, the column SP in the drawing plane of FIG. 2 is stepped differently from a linear course. For the gap, other equivalent courses are possible. In multi-sided enclosure of the mold insert by the support frame, in particular, holding elements can be arranged on in the y-direction continuous frame sections.

The gap is preferably only air-filled. From above incident dirt can fall down. In order to avoid that dirt particles, which in the release position of the retaining devices attach to retaining elements HB and / or openings GB, are pressed into the openings when changing to the engagement position, these openings are gradually filled, the openings GB are facing away from the retaining strips Ends widened. The widenings ER are advantageously open at the bottom. As a result, dirt particles passing into the opening are displaced beyond the engagement area of the opening GB into the widening ER when the retaining element HB is moved into the engagement position and drop downwards. In the gap, additional stop elements, preferably made of elastic material for limiting the movement of the mold insert relative to the holding frame in the x-y plane may be provided. The gap may be provided in another embodiment with a sealing device for sealing against the ingress of dirt, but which should be easily deformable and neither vertical holding forces to lift the mold insert from the Rüttelunterlage nor vertical contact forces during the Rüttelvorgangs has applied and no significant portions of the shaking movement of the mold insert is to be transferred to the retaining strips.

In Fig. 3, the holding device HE1 is shown as a section along III - III of Fig. 2. A holding element HB is sketched here in an intermediate position between the extended position and complete engagement in the cylindrical engagement region of the opening GB. The opening has at its the retaining strip HLL opposite end an expansion ER on, which is open at the bottom. From Fig. 3 it can also be seen that the lower boundary plane UE of the mold insert in the region of the mold cavity is lower than the lower surface of the connection region ABL. The surface of the mold insert is in the example outlined in an upper boundary plane OE from the region of the mold cavities on the connection area ABL continuous, but may also be stepped or have a cover plate or a rail for a filling carriage in a conventional manner. The height of the mold insert between the upper and lower boundary of the mold cavities is denoted by EH.

In the connection area ABL furthermore a counter-clamping element GS a clamping device is indicated. In FIG. 2, positions of a plurality of such opposing elements GS in the connection regions are indicated.

Fig. 4 shows a section through the holding device HE2 along IV - IV of Fig. 2. From this view, the preferred circular symmetrical cross-section of holding element HB and opening GB can be seen as well as the advantageous extension of the expansion ER also down.

Fig. 5 shows the holding device HE3 as a detail V of Fig. 2 in a partially cutaway view. The widening ER is approximately half a truncated cone in the sketched example.

The mold insert is, as already described with reference to FIG. 1, tensioned by releasable tensioning devices against the vibratable support in order to prevent an uncontrolled lifting of the mold insert from the vibrating table RT or the stone board SB during the shaking process. The clamping devices comprise clamping elements SE on the side of the vibrating table in lateral areas SSL, SSR and counter-clamping elements on the side of the mold insert, preferably on the underside of the connection areas ABL, ABR, which can detachably mesh with each other and can apply a high vertical clamping force between vibrating table and mold insert.

In Fig. 6 to Fig. 8, a preferred embodiment of clamping elements is outlined. The sketched clamping element contains in particular a about a vertical screw axis SA rotatable clamping screw SS, which is supported on the vibrating table against tensile forces upwards. The clamping screw engages with its screw thread SG in a mating thread GG as a counter-clamping element in the mold insert FE, preferably in a connection area ABL, ABR as already explained to Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, and braces when tightening the threaded connection mold insert and vibrating vertically against each other. The turning of the clamping screw is preferably carried out by a motor MO.

Advantageously, a guide sleeve HS and the motor MO to a in Fig. 6 in an oblique view, in Fig. 7 in a partially sectioned side view and in Fig. 8 as a section along VIII - VIII of Fig. 7 sketching unit are connected as a clamping element. The clamping screw S is supported with its screw head SK on the sleeve HS and guided with its shaft through the sleeve upwards.

A drive shaft MW of the engine engages, z. B. a polygonal, in the sketch of FIG. 8 a square cross section in the screw head SK, so that rotation of the screw and rotation of the motor shaft are coupled. The motor shaft is only inserted in the screw head, so that in case of a defect or wear components of the clamping element can be replaced individually. Motor MO and sleeve HS are connected in the example outlined on more screws ST and kept at a defined distance. The sleeve HS can be inserted into the vibrating table from below and / or be welded into the vibrating table. The structure of the sleeve HS can be formed even without the sleeve as a separate component in the table body of the vibrating table itself.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the clamping screw SS against a restoring force in the direction of placement of the mold insert on the vibrating table, d. H. be displaceable in the z-direction. Such a restoring force is applied in the example of FIGS. 7 to 9 by a compression spring VS. The displaceability against the return force allows the placement of the mold insert on the vibrating table RT or the stone board SB before the clamping screw SS is screwed with its screw thread into a counter thread GG as a counter-clamping element on the side of the mold insert. The clamping screw is then at its upper end under the action of the restoring force of the spring VS at the entrance of the counter-thread GG, which is indicated in Fig. 7 in the bottom of a connection portion ABR of a mold insert FE.

For the displaceability of the clamping screw, the receptacle WA in the screw head for the drive shaft MW of the motor in the z-direction is sufficiently deep to allow immersion of the end of the driving motor shaft MW in the recording upon displacement of the screw down.

The support of the clamping screw SS in the sleeve against vertical tensile forces advantageously takes place via conical bearing surfaces AF of the sleeve and the screw head, whereby any incidental dirt particles along the sloping surfaces fail down. In FIGS. 9 to 21, a mold insert with retaining strips and a vibratory support in several stages of a production cycle in a molding machine are outlined in a side view looking in the x-direction, with overall side views and enlarged cutouts being shown. For the sake of clarity, the vibrating device, the vertical guide of the holding strips, the load-bearing device and other assemblies of the molding machine are not shown.

In Fig. 9, the mold insert FE is held in engagement holding means in the retaining strips HLL, HLR of the mold insert and vertically spaced from the Rüttelunterlage with vibrating table RT and stone board SB. 9 shows that a retaining element HB engages from the retaining strip HLR via the gap SP into the retaining element in the connection region ABR of the mold insert. The clamping elements SE on the side of the vibrating table are not in contact with the counter-clamping elements of the mold insert. The clamping screw SS is pressed by the restoring force of the spring VS in the clamping element in its upper position in the connected to the vibrating table sleeve HS.

When lowering the mold insert with holding frame in the arrow directions of Fig. 9 and Fig. 10, the upper ends of the clamping screws SS come into contact with the entrance of the mating thread in the mold insert. The clamping screws are pressed counter to the restoring forces of the springs in the clamping elements in the sleeves HS down until the lower boundary plane UE of the mold insert in Fig. 11 reaches the upper surface of the stone board SB and the mold insert is set down on the pad. The detail shown in Fig. 12 XII of FIG. 11 illustrates in an enlarged view that the mold insert is discontinued on the stone board and the clamping screw SS does not engage in the mating thread GG, but is displaced downwards in the sleeve. The holding element HB is still in engagement with the counter-holding element in the mold insert, but in this position, in the ideal case substantially free of stress, since the weight of the mold insert now rests on the stone board SB.

In a next step, in which mold insert FE, holding frame HLL, HLR and vibrating table RT with stone board SB according to FIG. 13 are unchanged in FIG. 11, all clamping screws SS are screwed into the mating thread SS, as in FIG XIV of Fig. 13 clearly visible. The holding elements HB of the holding devices are unchanged in engagement with the counter-holding elements.

Subsequently, the holding devices are released at a further unchanged relative position of mold insert FE, holding frame HLL, HLR and vibrating table RT with stone board SB according to FIG. 15, by retracting the holding elements HB from the counter-holding elements GB of the mold insert. Mold insert FE and holding frame with retaining strips HLL, HLR are now completely decoupled from each other and separated by the gap SP, as shown in Fig. 16 as a section XVI of FIG. 15 is illustrated.

The actuation of the clamping devices can advantageously be carried out in two stages, wherein in a first stage, all clamping screws are screwed with low torque in the mating thread and in a second stage tightening the screws with high torque to achieve a strong vertical tension. The high torque tightening in the second stage may occur before or even after release of the retainers.

The subsequent operations of filling the mold cavities of mold insert FE with fresh concrete, the retraction of printing plates of Auflastvorrichtung in the upper openings of the mold cavities and the vibration process with vibration excitation of the vibrating table, while the mold insert firmly clamped to the vibrating table or the stone board vertically are well known and therefore not shown separately.

During the shaking operation, the mold insert, together with the vibrating table and the stone board, performs vibrating movements relative to the holding frame fixed in the molding machine. The pressure plates of the loader further lower in the degree of compaction of the concrete in the mold cavities.

After completion of the shaking operation are in Fig. 17 mold insert, holding frame and vibrating table again in the same relative position as in Fig. 15 and the holding devices are brought back into engaged position by the retaining elements HB are pushed back over the gap SP in the counter-holding elements GB , as shown in Fig. 18 as a detail VIII of FIG. 17 can be seen. The pressure plates of the Auflastvorrichtung (not shown) are in the lowered position in the mold cavities. The clamping screws are still screwed into the mating thread.

In the next step according to FIG. 19 and the enlarged section XX in FIG. 20, the clamping screws are unscrewed from the mating threads GG, with the mold insert resting on the stone board and the clamping screws SS being pressed down in the sleeves HS.

The order of engagement of the retainers and release of the tensioners may also be reversed.

The mold insert can now be lifted by moving the holding frame up into the position shown in Fig. 21 of the stone board, but the load device AL drawn here is not lifted and the pressure plates DP hold the compacted concrete moldings BK on the stone board, so that when lifting the mold insert FE the concrete moldings BK are removed from the mold cavities. When lifting the mold insert, the clamping screws are pressed by the restoring forces of the springs back in the sleeves in their upper position. The vertical position of the holding frame and the mold insert must be maintained relatively accurately, so that the concrete moldings are reliably expressed from the mold cavities, but the printing plates still remain in the mold cavities.

After lifting the Auflastvorrichtung in a position above the mold insert, removing the stone board with the compacted concrete moldings and inserting an empty stone board on the Rütteltisch the outlined in Fig. 9 starting position for a new cycle is reached again.

The vertical movement of the mold insert relative to vibrating table and / or Auflastvorrichtung can also be done in fixed in the molding machine holding frame and vertical movements of vibrating table or Auflastvorrichtung.

The movement of the holding frame and the Auflastvorrichtung in the molding machine, the operation of the holding devices and the clamping devices and the vibrator and the coordinated control of any further operations within a cycle is advantageously carried out by a control unit of the molding machine automatically or semi-automatically with manual triggering of individual cycle steps. Compared to conventional controls of molding machines in particular the timely involvement of the operation of holding devices and clamping devices is important. To monitor the correct operation of all elements sensors can be provided for the current position of holding elements and / or clamping elements or of corresponding additional elements.

The functions of the exemplified holding devices, which secure the mold insert in all directions in a defined position relative to the holding frame, can also be divided on the vertical position of holding frame and mold insert coupling supporting elements without centering on the one hand and the horizontal position of the mold insert relative to the holding frame in an xy plane determining centering on the other hand, which are actuated simultaneously or successively.

In Fig. 22 is outlined in an oblique view from above and in Fig. 23 in an oblique view from below a combination of support frame, mold insert and vibrating table with stone board, in which the mold insert a much greater height between the lower and upper boundary plane of the stone field with the

Having mold cavities. The handling of this mold insert takes place substantially the same as in the preceding examples described in detail, but here the counter-elements formed on the mold insert are clearly spaced apart from the counter-clamping elements in the z-direction. In general, for a preferred mold system having a plurality of mold inserts of different height for use in a device of the type according to the invention, the position of the counter-holding elements and the counter-clamping elements in the x and y directions is substantially the same for all the different molds and relative vertical position DG of the counter-clamping elements for all different shapes in the z-direction with respect to the lower boundary plane UE of the mold inserts is the same. Advantageously, in addition, the position DH of the counter-holding elements in the z-direction with respect to the upper boundary plane OE for all mold inserts is the same. The abovementioned relative positional variables in the z-direction are shown in FIG. 25 on an enlarged scale. Cut from the sectional view of FIG. 24 by a combination of FIG. 22 and FIG. 23 with a mold insert FE, whose arbitrary height HEV is indicated by the horizontal interruption illustrated. The mold inserts of different heights can then be used particularly advantageously with the same frame frames with holding elements and the same vibrating table with clamping elements, and, without further structures, each show a uniform upper side with the upper limiting plane OE

In order to keep the weight proportion of the connection area with counter-holding elements and counter-clamping elements small, even at higher mold inserts, the connection area below a top plate section AP, in which the counter-holding elements are indicated, can be larger as compared to a solid block shape up to the counter-clamping elements arranged on the underside of the mold insert Have recesses AA. The counter-clamping elements are arranged in the example of FIGS. 22 and 23 on the undersides of material webs MS.

FIG. 26 shows an oblique view of a combination of a mold insert with a closed holding frame HR surrounding it on all four sides.

In order to prevent lateral displacement in the x- or y-direction of the clamped against the vibrating table and decoupled from the holding frame relative to the vibrating during the shaking, additional centering between vibrating and mold insert may be provided which are provided when placing the mold insert, which at Placing the mold insert on the vibrating table or during clamping by means of the clamping devices engage and in addition to the high force conclusive determination of the mold insert on the vibrating table in the xy plane still cause a positive position securing.

While in FIGS. 22 to 25, in the case of relatively large mold inserts, it is assumed that the holding devices lie between the machine-side holding frame and the mold insert in the height limit DH defined for the upper limiting plane OE of the mold insert and thus always remain constant without additional structure upper limit, over which the filling carriage is guided, given in another embodiment, a certain constant altitude between the holding devices and the lower boundary plane UE of the mold insert be given. Such a design is far more adapted to conventional molding machines, as they usually proceed with a machine-side clamping bar for receiving a flange of an interchangeable mold for placing the mold insert on the stone board or the vibrating table, the clamping bar up to a fixed stop in the machine down.

In Fig. 27 obliquely from above and in Fig. 28 obliquely from below a mold insert is sketched in which in the lower area a base plate GP as a connection area the stone field with the several mold star laterally surmounted and both the counter holding elements of the holding means in the form of holes GB with Extensions ER and the counter-clamping elements in the form of mating thread GG contains. At the height of the upper bounding plane of the for- est, the area of the stone field is widened laterally by a cover plate HP. The outer edges of the cover plate form connecting edges AKM for machine-side supports or guide plates, which are arranged on several sides adjacent to the cover plate during the filling process. The cover plate HP is supported by gussets KN, which are attached to side surfaces of the insert and preferably extend to the base plate GP.

In Fig. 29, such a mold insert FEL at any height HEL in side view and in Fig. 30 is an enlarged section XXX outlined. In this embodiment, with holding elements of the holding devices arranged in the lower area of the mold insert FEL, the counter-holding elements GB are arranged in the same relative height position DHL for all mold inserts with respect to the lower boundary plane UE of the mold insert. The position of the counter holding elements is defined by a defined line of the counter holding elements, for. B. represents the center axis of a hole.

In Fig. 31, an advantageous possibility of supplementing existing molding machines is outlined to a device according to the invention, common Formma- machines on both sides of a receiving space for a mold or a mold insert in each case a machine flange MF with a predetermined connection diagram for a form. The shape in turn has on opposite sides depending on a flange in the machine flange corresponding design.

In Fig. 31, the machine flanges MF are each provided with a retaining strip HL in a conventional molding machine, which have the machine-side holding elements HB of the holding devices between the mold frame and mold insert in the context of the present invention. The retaining strips HL can be permanently connected to the machine flanges for use with several different inserts, e.g. B. bolted or welded, or clamped on the type of common form flanges only on the machine flanges and each be interchangeable with the mold insert. FIG. 32 shows a device according to FIG. 31 with inserted mold insert. ed. Connections for actuating the retaining elements HB, in particular pressure medium connections and lines are preferably provided exclusively in the retaining strips HL.

The features indicated above and in the claims, as well as the features which can be seen in the figures, can be implemented advantageously both individually and in various combinations. The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described, but can be modified in many ways within the scope of expert knowledge. In particular, for the concessions of the holding devices and the clamping devices in detail one

A plurality of other solutions known to the skilled worker and known, for example, wedge surfaces or hydraulic cylinders for the clamping devices, pivotal holding elements and others.

Claims

Claims:

1. An apparatus for producing at least one concrete molded article by compacting fresh concrete in a molding machine with a machine-side holding frame, a vibratory pad and a mold insert with at least one mold cavity, which held during a shaking on the substrate and for demolding of the compacted, at least one concrete molding is vertically displaceable relative to the pad from the mold cavity, characterized in that clamping devices for bracing the mold insert against the pad and holding devices for

Holding the mold insert in the holding frame are provided that clamp during a shaking operation, the mold insert against the base and the holding means between mold insert and holding frame in a release position, and that for removing the clamping devices solved and the holding devices are in an engaged position and that the power coupling between mold insert and holding frame in the release position of the holding devices is less than in their engaged position.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that holding devices and clamping devices are automatically actuated.

3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that a control device controls the actuation of the holding devices and / or the clamping devices in the course of a production cycle.

4. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the holding frame has at least two horizontally opposite, the mold insert between them enclosing retaining strips.

5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the holding frame surrounds the mold insert closed on three sides or on all sides.

6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the holding means hold the mold insert in all directions in a defined position with respect to the holding frame.

7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the holding means between the holding frame and mold insert displaceable, in particular linearly displaceable holding elements.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that different holding elements are displaceable in different, in particular mutually orthogonal directions.

9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that engage holding elements in holding openings of the mold insert.

10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that the openings facing away from the holding frame have widenings.

11.Vorrichtung according to claim 10, characterized in that the widenings are open at the bottom.

12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the holding means contain fixed, variable in their power coupling holding elements.

13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the variable in their power coupling holding elements are fluid-filled hollow body and to change the power coupling of the fluid pressure via leads to the hollow bodies is variable.

14. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the variable in their power coupling holding elements contain magnetic coils.

15. Device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the clamping devices comprise a rotatable clamping element.

16. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the rotatable clamping element is arranged on the side of the vibratory pad and engages for clamping in a counter-clamping element on the side of the mold insert.

17. The apparatus according to claim 16, characterized in that the counter-clamping element is designed as an opening in the bottom of the mold insert.

18. The apparatus of claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the clamping element and / or counter-clamping element have a contact surface in the form of a helical portion about the axis of rotation of the clamping element.

19. The apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that clamping element and counter-clamping element engage via a thread.

20. Device according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that clamping elements on the side of the base and counter-clamping elements on the side of the mold insert when placing the mold insert on the pad before reaching the end position abut against each other and are displaceable against a restoring force in Aufsetzrichtung and biased when placed on the pad mold insert under the action of the restoring force against each other.

21. Device according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that between base and mold insert centering devices are provided.

22. Device according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that clamping devices and / or holding devices by pressurized fluid, in particular hydraulically actuated.

23. Mold system with mold inserts of different height between an upper and a lower boundary plane, for use in a device according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the counter-clamping elements of the clamping devices on the side of the mold inserts in all mold inserts in the same relative altitude (DG) relative to the lower boundary plane of the mold inserts are arranged.

24. Molding system according to claim 23, characterized in that the counterweight elements of the holding devices are arranged on the side of the mold inserts in all mold inserts in the same relative height position (DH) with respect to the upper boundary plane (OE) of the mold inserts.

25. Molding system according to claim 23, characterized in that the counterweight elements of the holding devices are provided on the side of the mold inserts all mold inserts at the same relative altitude (DHL) are arranged with respect to the lower bounding plane of the mold inserts.