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Definitions

• the present application relates to pyrimidinecarboxylic acid derivatives, processes for their preparation, their use for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of diseases and their use for the production of medicaments for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of diseases, preferably for the treatment and / or prevention of cardiovascular diseases , in particular of dyslipidaemias and arteriosclerosis.
• fibrates are currently the only treatment option for patients in these risk groups. They lower elevated triglycerides by 20-50%, lower LDL-C by 10-15%, alter the LDL particle size from low density atherogenic LDL to normal dense and less atherogenic LDL and increase the HDL concentration by 10-15%.
• Fibrates act as weak agonists of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) - ⁇ (Nature 1990, 347, 645-50).
• PPAR-alpha is a nuclear receptor that regulates the expression of target genes by binding to DNA sequences in the promoter region of these genes [also called PPAR response elements (PPRE)].
• PPREs have been identified in a number of genes that encode proteins that regulate lipid metabolism.
• PPAR-alpha is highly expressed in the liver and its activation leads, inter alia, to decreased VLDL production / secretion and reduced apolipoprotein CHI (ApoCIII) synthesis. In contrast, the synthesis of apolipoprotein Al (ApoAl) is increased.
• a disadvantage of previously approved fibrates is their weak interaction with the receptor (EC 50 in the ⁇ M range), which in turn leads to the relatively low pharmacological effects described above.
• the object of the present invention was to provide novel compounds which can be used as PPAR-alpha modulators for the treatment and / or prevention, in particular cardiovascular diseases.
• Ethyl 4- (2-methylphenoxy) -2-phenylpyrimidine-5-carboxylate and the corresponding carboxylic acid are described in WO 02/42280 as synthesis intermediates; a pharmacological Activity of these compounds is not reported herein.
• certain 4-phenoxy-2-phenylpyrimidin-5-carboxylic acid derivatives are described as synthesis intermediates, some of which a mydriatic or have the activity of the central nervous system diminishing effect.
• pyrimidine derivatives are claimed as FIt 1 ligands for the treatment of cancer and various other diseases.
• the present invention relates to compounds of the general formula (I)
• A is CH 2 or O
• R 1 is halogen, cyano or (C 1 -C 4 ) -alkyl
• R 7 is hydrogen or (C r C 6 ) -alkyl
• R 8 is hydrogen, (C 1 -C 6 ) -alkyl or (C 1 -C 6 ) -alkoxy,
• n is the number 0, 1, 2 or 3
• R 3 is hydrogen, fluorine or chlorine, R 4, halogen, nitro, cyano, Atnino, trifluoromethyl, (C r C4) alkyl or hydrogen (C 1 - C 4) alkoxy is,
• R 5 and R 6 are the same or different and are independently hydrogen, halogen,
• R 9 is hydrogen or (C r C 6 ) -alkyl
• R 10 is hydrogen, (C r C6) alkyl or (C r C 6) alkoxy means,
• Z is hydrogen or (C r C 4) -alkyl
• Another object of the present invention are compounds of general formula (I), in which
• A is CH 2 or O
• R 1 is halogen, cyano or (C r C 4 ) -alkyl
• R 7 is hydrogen or (C r C 6 ) -alkyl
• R 8 is hydrogen, (C r C6) alkyl or (C r C 6) alkoxy means,
• n is the number 0, 1, 2 or 3
• R 3 is hydrogen, fluorine or chlorine
• R 4 is hydrogen, halogen, nitro, cyano, amino, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4 ) -alkyl or (Q-C 4 ) -alkoxy,
• R 9 is hydrogen or (C r C 6 ) -alkyl
• R 10 is hydrogen, (C r C6) alkyl or (C r C 6) alkoxy means,
• Z is hydrogen or (C r C 4) -alkyl
• the compounds according to the invention can exist in stereoisomeric forms (enantiomers, diastereomers).
• the invention therefore includes the enantiomers or diastereomers and their respective mixtures. From such mixtures of enantiomers and / or diastereomers, the stereoisomerically uniform components can be isolated in a known manner.
• the present invention encompasses all tautomeric forms.
• Salts which are preferred in the context of the present invention are physiologically acceptable salts of the compounds according to the invention. Also included are salts which are not suitable for pharmaceutical applications themselves, but can be used, for example, for the isolation or purification of the compounds according to the invention.
• Physiologically acceptable salts of the compounds of the invention include acid addition salts of mineral acids, carboxylic acids and sulfonic acids, e.g. Salts of hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, naphthalene disulfonic acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, propionic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid and benzoic acid.
• salts of hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, naphthalene disulfonic acid acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, propi
• Physiologically acceptable salts of the compounds according to the invention also include salts of customary bases, such as, by way of example and by way of preference, alkali metal salts (for example sodium and potassium salts), alkaline earth salts (for example calcium and magnesium salts) and ammonium salts derived from ammonia or organic amines having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, such as, by way of example and by way of illustration, ethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, ethyldiisopropylamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, dicyclohexylamine, dimethylaminoethanol, procaine, dibenzylamine, N-methylmorpholine, arginine, lysine, ethylenediamine and N-methylpiperidine.
• customary bases such as, by way of example and by way of preference, alkali metal salts (for example sodium and potassium salts), alkaline earth salts (for example calcium and magnesium salts
• Solvent molecules form a complex. Hydrates are a special form of solvate, at which is coordinated with water. As solvates, hydrates are preferred in the context of the present invention.
• the present invention also includes prodrugs of the compounds of the invention.
• prodrugs includes compounds which may themselves be biologically active or inactive, but during their residence time in the body are converted to compounds of the invention (for example metabolically or hydrolytically).
• (C 1 -C 5 -alkyl and (C 1 -C 6) -alkyl in the context of the invention represent a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 6 or 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms
• the following are preferably mentioned: methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, 1-ethyl-propyl, n-pentyl and n-hexyl.
• (C 1 -Q) -alkoxy and (C 1 -Q) -AlkQXV are a straight-chain or branched alkoxy radical having 1 to 6 or 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Preference is given to a straight-chain or branched alkoxy radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
• methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy and tert-butoxy methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy and tert-butoxy.
• di (C 1 -C 15) -AH-ylamino and DHCirCa-alkylamino represent an amino group having two identical or different straight-chain or branched alkyl substituents, each having 1 to 6 or 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
• Straight-chain or branched dialkylamino radicals having in each case 1 to 4 carbon atoms are preferred.
• N N-dimethylamino, N, N-diethylamino, N-ethyl-N-methylamino, N-methyl-Nn-propylamino, N-isopropyl-Nn-propylamino, N-tert-butyl N-methylamino, N-ethyl-Nn-pentylamino and Nn-hexyl-N-niethylamino.
• a 4- to 7-membered heterocycle in the context of the invention is a saturated or partially unsaturated heterocycle having 4 to 7 ring atoms, which contains a ring nitrogen, is linked via this and another heteroatom from the series ⁇ , O, S, SO and SO 2 can hold.
• Preference is given to a 5- or 6-membered saturated, N-linked heterocycle which may contain a further heteroatom from the series N, O and S. Examples include: pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolinyl, thiazolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, aze- pinyl and 1,4-diazepinyl.
• Preference is given to piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl and pyrrolidinyl.
• Halogen in the context of the invention includes fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine. Preference is given to chlorine or fluorine.
• radicals are substituted in the compounds according to the invention, the radicals can, unless otherwise specified, be monosubstituted or polysubstituted. In the context of the present invention, the meaning is independent of each other for all radicals which occur repeatedly. Substitution with one, two or three identical or different substituents is preferred. Very particular preference is given to the substitution with a substituent.
• A is CH 2 or O
• R 1 is halogen, cyano or (C r C 4 ) -alkyl
• R 2 represents a substituent selected from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, (C 1 -C 4 ) -alkyl and (C 1 -C 4 ) -alkoxy, in which alkyl and alkoxy may in turn be substituted one or more times by fluorine,
• n is the number 0, 1, 2 or 3
• R 3 is hydrogen, fluorine or chlorine
• R 4 is hydrogen, halogen, cyano, trifluoromethyl, (C r C4) alkyl or (C r C 4) alkoxy;
• R 5 and R 6 are identical or different and independently of one another represent hydrogen, halogen, nitro, cyano, (C 1 -C 4 ) -alkyl or (C 1 -C 4 ) -alkoxy, in which alkyl and alkoxy are in turn mono- or polysubstituted by fluorine may be substituted, or represent amino, mono- or di (C] -C 4 ) alkylamino,
• Z is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl
• R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 is different from hydrogen
• A stands for O
• R 1 is fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano or methyl
• R 2 is selected for a substituent from the group fluorine, chlorine, bromine, cyano, (C 1 -C 4) - alkyl, trifluoromethyl, (C r C 4) -alkoxy and trifluoromethoxy,
• n is the number 0, 1, 2 or 3
• R 3 is hydrogen or fluorine
• R 4 is hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, trifluoromethyl or methyl
• R 5 and R 6 are identical or different and independently of one another represent hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, nitro, cyano, (C 1 -C 4 ) -alkyl, trifluoromethyl, (C 1 -C 4) -alkoxy, trifluoromethoxy or amino,
• R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 is different from hydrogen
• the invention further provides a process for the preparation of the compounds of the formula (T) according to the invention in which A is O, characterized in that compounds of the formula (TC)
• X represents a suitable leaving group, for example halogen, in particular chlorine,
• the compounds of the formula (IT) can be prepared by reacting nitriles of the formula (IV)
• Inert solvents for process step (II) + (IH) -> (I-A) are, for example, ethers, such as diethyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether,
• Hydrocarbons such as benzene, xylene, toluene, hexane, cyclohexane or petroleum fractions, or other solvents such as dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, N, N'-dimethylpropyleneurea
• AIs base for the process step (IT) + (ET) -> ⁇ (IA) are customary inorganic bases. These include in particular alkali metal hydroxides such as lithium, sodium or potassium hydroxide, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonates such as lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium or cesium carbonate, or alkali metal hydrides such as sodium or potassium hydride. Preference is given to potassium carbonate or sodium hydride.
• the base is used here in an amount of 1 to 3 mol, preferably in an amount of 1.2 to 2 mol, based on 1 mol of the compound of formula (EI).
• the reaction is generally carried out in a temperature range from 0 ° C to +100 0 C, preferably +20 0 C to +60 0 C.
• the reaction can be carried out at atmospheric, elevated or reduced pressure (for example from 0.5 to 5 bar ). Generally, one works at normal pressure.
• the hydrolysis of the carboxylic acid esters in process steps (IA) - »(IB) and (IC) -» (ID) is carried out by customary methods, by treating the esters in bases with inert solvents, the salts initially formed by treatment with acid in the free carboxylic acids are transferred.
• the dead-butyl ester ester cleavage is preferably carried out with acids.
• Suitable inert solvents for the hydrolysis of the carboxylic acid esters are water or the organic solvents customary for ester cleavage. These include, preferably, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol or tert. Butanol, or ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane or glycol dimethyl ether, or other solvents such as acetone, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, dimethylformamide or dimethyl sulfoxide. It is also possible to use mixtures of said solvents.
• alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol or tert.
• Butanol, or ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane or glycol dimethyl ether, or other solvent
• Suitable bases for the ester hydrolysis are the customary inorganic bases. These include preferably alkali or alkaline earth hydroxides such as sodium, lithium, potassium or barium hydroxide, or alkali or alkaline earth metal carbonates such as sodium, potassium or calcium carbonate. Particular preference is given to using sodium hydroxide or lithium hydroxide.
• Suitable acids for the ester cleavage are generally sulfuric acid, hydrogen chloride / hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic / hydrobromic acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid or trifluoromethanesulfonic acid or mixtures thereof. if necessary with the addition of water. Hydrogen chloride or trifluoroacetic acid are preferred in the case of the tert-butyl esters and hydrochloric acid in the case of the methyl esters.
• the Esterspaltung is generally carried out in a temperature range of 0 0 C to +100 0 C, preferably from 0 0 C to +40 0 C.
• the reaction can be carried out at atmospheric, elevated or reduced pressure (for example from 0.5 to 5 bar) , Generally, one works at normal pressure.
• Inert solvents for process step (IV) ⁇ (V) are, for example, halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, trichlorethylene or chlorobenzene, or hydrocarbons such as benzene, xylene, toluene, hexane, cyclohexane or petroleum fractions. It is likewise possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned. Preference is given to toluene.
• the reaction partners ammonium chloride and trimethylaluminum used in process step (IV) -> (V) are each in an amount of 2 to 4 mol, preferably in an amount of 2 to 3 mol, based on 1 mol of the compound of formula (IV) , used.
• the reaction is generally carried out in a temperature range of +20 0 C to + 15O 0 C, preferably from +80 0 C to +120 0 C.
• the reaction can be carried out at normal, elevated or at reduced pressure (eg from 0.5 to 5 bar). Generally, one works at normal pressure.
• Inert solvents for process step (V) + (VI) -> (VIT) are, for example, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol or tert. Butanol, or ethers such as diethyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether. It is likewise possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned. Preferred is ethanol.
• Suitable bases for process step (V) + (VI) -> (VII) are, in particular, alkali metal alkoxides, such as sodium or potassium methoxide, sodium or potassium ethanolate or potassium bis-butoxide. Preferred is sodium ethanolate.
• the base is used here in an amount of 2 to 3 mol, preferably in an amount of 2 to 2.5 mol, based on 1 mol of the compound of formula (V).
• the reaction is generally carried out in a temperature range of +20 0 C to +100 0 C, preferably from + 5O 0 C to +80 0 C.
• the reaction can be carried out at normal, elevated or at reduced pressure (eg from 0.5 to 5 bar). Generally, one works at normal pressure.
• the halogenation in process step (VD) - »(H) is preferably carried out with the aid of thionyl chloride or with para-toluenesulfonyl chloride or methanesulfonyl chloride, the latter in each case in a tertiary amine such as triethylamine, N-methylmorpholine, N-methylpiperidine or NN-diisopropylethylamine.
• Inert solvents for process step (VIT) - »(D) are, for example, halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, trichloroethane, tetrachloroethane, 1,2-dichloroethane or trichlorethylene, ethers such as diethyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, glycol dimethyl ether or diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, hydrocarbons such as benzene, xylene, toluene, hexane, cyclohexane or petroleum fractions, or other solvents such as dimethylformamide or dimethyl sulfoxide. It is likewise possible to use mixtures of the solvents mentioned. Preference is given to dimethylformamide and dichloromethane.
• the reaction is generally carried out in a temperature range of 0 0 C to +60 0 C, preferably from 0 0 C to 3O 0 C.
• the reaction can be carried out at atmospheric, elevated or reduced pressure (for example from 0.5 to 5 bar) , Generally, one works at normal pressure.
• the invention further provides a process for preparing the compounds of the formula (I) according to the invention in which A is CH 2 , which comprises either
• R 1 , R 2 and n are each as defined above and
• Z 1 is (4 C r C) -alkyl
• X represents a suitable leaving group, for example halogen, in particular chlorine,
• the compounds of the formulas (Vm), (IX) and (XI) are commercially available, known from the literature or can be prepared in analogy to processes known from the literature.
• the compounds of formulas (IT) and (V) can be prepared as previously described.
• the compounds according to the invention have valuable pharmacological properties and can be used for the prevention and treatment of diseases in humans and animals.
• the compounds according to the invention are highly effective PPAR-alpha modulators and are suitable as such, in particular for the primary and / or secondary prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, which are caused by disorders in fatty acid and glucose metabolism.
• cardiovascular diseases which are caused by disorders in fatty acid and glucose metabolism.
• disorders include dyslipidaemias (hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, elevated levels of postprandial plasma triglycerides, hypoalalipoproteinemia, combined hyperlipidemias), arteriosclerosis, and metabolic disorders (metabolic syndrome, hyperglycemia, insulin-dependent diabetes, non-insulin-dependent diabetes, gestational diabetes, hyperinsulinemia , Insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, obesity (obesity) and diabetic sequelae such as retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy).
• dyslipidaemias hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, elevated levels of postprandial plasma triglycerides, hypoalalipoproteinemia, combined hyperlipidemias
• CAD-I plasminogen activator inhibitor 1
• the compounds according to the invention can also be used for the treatment and / or prevention of micro- and macrovascular damage (vasculitis), reperfusion damage, arterial and venous thrombosis, edema, cancer (skin cancer, liposarcoma, carcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, pancreas , Lung, kidney, ureter, prostate and genital tract), diseases of the central nervous system and neurodegenerative disorders (stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, dementia, epilepsy, depression, multiple sclerosis), inflammatory diseases, immune diseases (Morbus Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma), kidney diseases (glomerulonephritis), thyroid diseases, diseases of the pancreas (pancreatitis), liver fibrosis, skin diseases (psoriasis, acne, eczema, neurodermatitis, dermatitis, keratitis, scarring, wart
• the activity of the compounds of the invention can be e.g. in vitro by the transactivation assay described in the Examples section.
• the efficacy of the compounds of the invention in vivo can be e.g. Check by the tests described in the example section.
• Another object of the present invention is the use of the compounds of the invention for the treatment and / or prevention of diseases, in particular the aforementioned diseases.
• Another object of the present invention is the use of the compounds of the invention for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment and / or prevention of diseases, in particular the aforementioned diseases.
• Another object of the present invention is a method for the treatment and / or prevention of diseases, in particular the aforementioned diseases, using an effective amount of at least one of the compounds of the invention.
• the compounds of the invention may be used alone or as needed in combination with other agents.
• Another object of the present invention are pharmaceutical compositions containing at least one of the compounds according to the invention and one or more further active compounds, in particular for the treatment and / or prevention of the aforementioned diseases.
• Suitable combination active ingredients are lipid metabolism-altering agents, antidiabetic agents, hypotensive agents, circulation-promoting and / or antithrombotic agents, antioxidants, chemoMn receptor antagonists, p38 kinase inhibitors, NPY agonists, orexin agonists.
• the present invention relates, in particular, to combinations of at least one of the compounds according to the invention with at least one lipid metabolism-altering active ingredient, an antidiabetic agent, a hypotensive agent and / or an antithrombotic agent.
• the compounds of the invention may preferably be with one or more
• the fat metabolism-altering agents by way of example and preferably from the group of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, inhibitors of HMG-CoA reductase expression, squalene synthesis inhibitors, ACAT inhibitors, LDL receptor inducers, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, polymeric Bile acid adsorber, bile acid reabsorption inhibitor,
• MTP inhibitors lipase inhibitors, LpL activators, fibrates, niacin, CETP inhibitors, PPAR- ⁇ and / or PPAR- ⁇ agonists, RXR modulators, FXR modulators, LXR modulators, thyroid hormones and / or thyroid mimetics, ATP citrate lyase inhibitors, Lp (a) antagonists, cannabinoid receptor 1 antagonists, leptin receptor agonists, bombesin receptor agonists, histamine receptor agonists and the antioxidants / radical scavengers,
• Antidiabetic agents mentioned in the Red List 2004/11, Chapter 12, and by way of example and preferably those from the group of sulfonylureas, biguanides, meglitinide derivatives, glucosidase-mediators, oxadiazolidinones, thiazolidinediones, GLP 1 receptor agonists, glucagon Antagonists, insulin sensitizers, CCK1 receptor agonists, leptin receptor agonists, inhibitors of liver enzymes involved in the stimulation of gluconeogenesis and / or glycogenolysis, modulators of glucose uptake and potassium channel openers such as those disclosed in WO 97/26265 and WO 99/03861, Anti-hypertensive agents, by way of example and preferably from the group of calcium antagonists, angiotensin Aue antagonists, ACE inhibitors, beta-receptor blockers, alpha-receptor blockers, diuretics, phosphodiesterase-mediators, sGC stimulators,
• Antithrombotic agents by way of example and preferably from the group of platelet aggregation inhibitors or anticoagulants
• lipid metabolism-changing active compounds are preferably compounds from the group of HMG-Co A reductase inhibitors, squalene synthesis inhibitors, ACAT inhibitors, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, MTP inhibitors, lipase-miibitoren, thyroid hormones and / or thyroid mimetics, niacin receptor Agonists, CETP inhibitors, PPAR-gamma agonists, PPAR delta agonists, polymeric bile acid adsorbers, bile acid reabsorption inhibitors, antioxidants / radical scavengers and the cannabinoid receptor 1 antagonists.
• HMG-Co A reductase inhibitors preferably compounds from the group of HMG-Co A reductase inhibitors, squalene synthesis inhibitors, ACAT inhibitors, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, MTP inhibitors, lipase-miibitoren, thyroid hormones and / or thyroid mimetics, niacin receptor Agonists, CE
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor from the class of statins, such as by way of example and preferably lovastatin, simvastatin, pravastatin, fluvastatin, atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, cerivastatin or pitavastatin.
• statins such as by way of example and preferably lovastatin, simvastatin, pravastatin, fluvastatin, atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, cerivastatin or pitavastatin.
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a squalene synthesis mimic, such as by way of example and with preference BMS-188494 or TAK-475.
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with an ACAT inhibitor, such as by way of example and preferably melamine, pactimibe, eflucimibe or SMP-797.
• an ACAT inhibitor such as by way of example and preferably melamine, pactimibe, eflucimibe or SMP-797.
• the compounds of the invention are administered in combination with a cholesterm absorption inhibitor, such as by way of example and preferably ezetimibe, tiqueside or pamaqueside.
• a cholesterm absorption inhibitor such as by way of example and preferably ezetimibe, tiqueside or pamaqueside.
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with an MTP inhibitor, such as by way of example and preferably implitapide or JTT-130.
• an MTP inhibitor such as by way of example and preferably implitapide or JTT-130.
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a lipase meibitor, such as by way of example and preferably orlistat.
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a thyroid hormone and / or thyroid mimetic, such as by way of example and preferably D-thyroxine or 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3).
• a thyroid hormone and / or thyroid mimetic such as by way of example and preferably D-thyroxine or 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3).
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with an agonist of the niacin receptor, such as by way of example and preferably niacin, Acipimox, Anatin or Radecol.
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a CETP inhibitor, such as, by way of example and by way of preference, torcetrapib, JTT-705 or CETP vaccine (Avant).
• a CETP inhibitor such as, by way of example and by way of preference, torcetrapib, JTT-705 or CETP vaccine (Avant).
• the compounds of the invention are administered in combination with a PPAR-gamma agonist such as, by way of example and by way of preference, pioglitazone or rosiglitazone.
• a PPAR-gamma agonist such as, by way of example and by way of preference, pioglitazone or rosiglitazone.
• the compounds of the invention are administered in combination with a PPAR delta agonist such as, for example and preferably, GW-501516.
• a PPAR delta agonist such as, for example and preferably, GW-501516.
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a polymeric bile acid adsorbent such as, by way of example and by way of preference, cholestyramine, colestipol, colesolvam, cholesta gel or colestimide.
• a polymeric bile acid adsorbent such as, by way of example and by way of preference, cholestyramine, colestipol, colesolvam, cholesta gel or colestimide.
• ASBT D3AT
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with an antioxidant / radical scavenger such as, by way of example and by way of preference, probucol, AGI-1067, BO-653 or AEOL-10150.
• an antioxidant / radical scavenger such as, by way of example and by way of preference, probucol, AGI-1067, BO-653 or AEOL-10150.
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a cannabinoid receptor 1 antagonist, such as by way of example and preferably rimonabant or SR-147778.
• Antidiabetic agents are preferably understood as meaning insulin and insulin derivatives as well as orally active hypoglycemic agents.
• Insulin and insulin derivatives here include both insulins of animal, human or biotechnological origin as well as mixtures thereof.
• the orally active hypoglycemic agents preferably include sulphonylureas, biguanides, meglitinide derivatives, glucosidase inhibitors and PPAR-gamma agonists.
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with insulin.
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a sulphonylurea, such as, by way of example and by way of preference, butylidamide, glibenclamide, glimepiride, glipizide or gliclazide.
• a sulphonylurea such as, by way of example and by way of preference, butylidamide, glibenclamide, glimepiride, glipizide or gliclazide.
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a biguanide, such as by way of example and preferably metformin.
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a meglitinide derivative, such as by way of example and preferably repaglinide or nateglinide.
• a meglitinide derivative such as by way of example and preferably repaglinide or nateglinide.
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a glucosidase inhibitor, such as by way of example and preferably migolith or acarbose.
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a PPAR-gamma agonist, for example from the class of thiazolidinediones, such as, by way of example and by way of preference, pioglitazone or rosiglitazone.
• a PPAR-gamma agonist for example from the class of thiazolidinediones, such as, by way of example and by way of preference, pioglitazone or rosiglitazone.
• the blood pressure lowering agents are preferably understood as meaning compounds from the group of calcium antagonists, angiotensin AH antagonists, ACE inhibitors, beta-receptor blockers, alpha-receptor blockers and diuretics.
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a calcium antagonist, such as, by way of example and by way of preference, nifedipine, amlodipine, verapamil or diltiazem.
• a calcium antagonist such as, by way of example and by way of preference, nifedipine, amlodipine, verapamil or diltiazem.
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with an angiotensin AH antagonist, such as by way of example and preferably losartan, valsartan, candesartan, embusartan or telmisartan.
• an ACE inhibitor such as, by way of example and by way of preference, enalapril, captopril, ramipril, delapril, fosinopril, quinopril, perindopril or trandopril.
• the compounds according to the invention are used in combination with a beta-receptor blocker such as, by way of example and by way of preference, propranolol, atenolol, timolol, pindolol, alprenolol, oxprenolol, penbutolol, bupranolol, metipropanol, nadolol, mepindolol, Caroteneol, sotalol, metoprolol, betaxolol, celiprolol, bisoprolol, carteolol, esmolol, labetalol, carvedilol, adaprolol, landiolol, nebivolol, epanolol or bucinolol.
• a beta-receptor blocker such as, by way of example and by way of preference, propranolol, atenolol,
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with an alpha-receptor blocker, such as by way of example and preferably prazosin.
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a diuretic, such as by way of example and preferably furosemide.
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with antisympathotonics such as reserpine, clonidine or alpha-methyl-dopa, with potassium channel agonists such as minoxidil, diazoxide, dihydralazine or hydralazine, or with nitric oxide-releasing substances such as glyceryl nitrate or nitroprusside sodium.
• antisympathotonics such as reserpine, clonidine or alpha-methyl-dopa
• potassium channel agonists such as minoxidil, diazoxide, dihydralazine or hydralazine
• nitric oxide-releasing substances such as glyceryl nitrate or nitroprusside sodium.
• Antithrombotic agents are preferably understood as meaning compounds from the group of platelet aggregation inhibitors or anticoagulants.
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a platelet aggregation inhibitor, such as, by way of example and by way of preference, aspirin, clopidogrel, ticlopidine or dipyridamole.
• a platelet aggregation inhibitor such as, by way of example and by way of preference, aspirin, clopidogrel, ticlopidine or dipyridamole.
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a thrombin inhibitor, such as, by way of example and by way of preference, ximelagatran, melagatran, bivalirudin or Clexane.
• a thrombin inhibitor such as, by way of example and by way of preference, ximelagatran, melagatran, bivalirudin or Clexane.
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a GPUb / IIIa antagonist, such as, by way of example and by way of preference, tirofiban or abciximab.
• a GPUb / IIIa antagonist such as, by way of example and by way of preference, tirofiban or abciximab.
• the compounds according to the invention are used in combination with a factor Xa inhibitor, such as by way of example and preferably DX-9065a, DPC 906, JTV 803, BAY 59-7939, DU-176b, fidexaban, razaxaban, fondaparinux, Idra- parinux, PMD-3112, YM-150, KFA-1982, EMD-503982, MCM-17, MLN-1021, SSR-126512 or SSR-128428.
• a factor Xa inhibitor such as by way of example and preferably DX-9065a, DPC 906, JTV 803, BAY 59-7939,
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with heparin or a low molecular weight (LMW) heparin derivative.
• LMW low molecular weight
• the compounds according to the invention are administered in combination with a vitamin K antagonist, such as by way of example and preferably coumarin.
• compositions containing at least one compound of the invention usually together with one or more inert, non-toxic, pharmaceutically suitable excipients, and their use for the purposes mentioned above.
• the compounds according to the invention can act systemically and / or locally.
• they may be applied in a suitable manner, e.g. oral, parenteral, pulmonary, nasal, sublingual, lingual, buccal, rectal, dermal, transdermal, conjunctivae otic or as an implant or stent.
• the compounds according to the invention can be administered in suitable administration forms.
• the compounds of the invention rapidly and / or modified donating application forms containing the compounds of the invention in crystalline and / or amorphous and / or dissolved form, such.
• Tablets uncoated or coated tablets, for example with enteric or delayed-release or insoluble coatings which control the release of the compound of the invention
• tablets or films / wafers rapidly breaking down in the oral cavity, films / lyophilisates
• capsules e.g. Soft gelatin capsules
• dragees granules, pellets, powders, emulsions, suspensions, aerosols or solutions.
• parenteral administration can be done bypassing a resorption step (eg intravenous, intraarterial, intracardiac, intraspinal or intralumbar) or with the involvement of a Resorption (eg intramuscular, subcutaneous, intracutaneous, percutaneous or intraperitoneal).
• a resorption step eg intravenous, intraarterial, intracardiac, intraspinal or intralumbar
• suitable application forms include injection and infusion preparations in the form of solutions, suspensions, emulsions, lyophilisates or sterile powders.
• Inhalation medicaments including powder inhalers, nebulizers
• nasal drops solutions or sprays
• lingual, sublingual or buccal tablets films / wafers or capsules
• suppositories ear or ophthalmic preparations
• vaginal capsules aqueous suspensions (lotions, shake mixtures)
• lipophilic suspensions ointments
• creams transdermal therapeutic systems (eg plasters)
• milk pastes, foams, powdered powders, implants or stents.
• the compounds according to the invention can be converted into the stated administration forms. This can be done in a conventional manner by mixing with inert, non-toxic, pharmaceutically suitable excipients.
• excipients for example microcrystalline cellulose, lactose, mannitol
• solvents for example liquid polyethylene glycols
• emulsifiers and dispersants or wetting agents for example sodium dodecyl sulfate, polyoxysorbitanoleate
• binders for example polyvinylpyrrolidone
• synthetic and natural polymers for example albumin
• Stabilizers eg, antioxidants such as ascorbic acid
• dyes eg, inorganic pigments such as iron oxides
• flavor and / or odoriferous include, among others.
• Excipients for example microcrystalline cellulose, lactose, mannitol
• solvents for example liquid polyethylene glycols
• emulsifiers and dispersants or wetting agents for example sodium dodecy
• the dosage is about 0.01 to 100 mg / kg, preferably about 0.01 to 20 mg / kg and most preferably 0.1 to 10 mg / kg body weight.
• Device type MS Micromass ZQ
• Device type HPLC Waters Alliance 2795
• Eluent A 1 l of water + 0.5 ml of 50% formic acid
• eluent B 1 l of acetonitrile + 0.5 ml of 50% formic acid
• Flow 0.0 min 1 ml / min ⁇ 2.5 min / 3.0 min / 4.5 min 2 ml / min
• Oven 50 ° C .
• UV detection 210 nm.
• Device type MS Micromass ZQ
• Device type HPLC HP 1100 Series
• UV DAD Column: Phenomenex Synergi 2 ⁇ Hydro-RP Mercury 20 mm x 4 mm
• Eluent A 1 l of water + 0.5 ml of 50% formic acid
• eluent B 1 l of acetonitrile + 0.5 ml of 50% formic acid
• Flow 0.0 min 1 ml / min ⁇ 2.5 min / 3.0 min / 4.5 min 2 ml / min
• Oven 5O 0 C
• UV detection 210 nm.
• Device type MS Micromass ZQ
• Device type HPLC Waters Alliance 2795; Column: Merck Chromolith SpeedROD RP-18e 50 mm x 4.6 mm; Eluent A: 1 liter of water + 0.5 ml of 50% formic acid; Eluent B: 1 liter acetonitrile + 0.5 ml 50% formic acid; Gradient: 0.0 min 10% B -> 3.0 min 95% B ⁇ 4.0 min 95% B; Oven: 35 ° C; Flow: 0.0 min 1.0 ml / min ⁇ 3.0 min 3.0 ml / min ⁇ 4.0 min 3.0 ml / min; UV detection: 210 nm.
• Method 7 Method 7:
• Instrument MS Micromass TOF (LCT); Instrument HPLC: 2-column circuit, Waters 2690; Column: YMC-ODS-AQ, 50 mm x 4.6 mm, 3.0 ⁇ m; Eluent A: water + 0.1% formic acid, eluent B: acetonitrile + 0.1% formic acid; Gradient: 0.0 min 100% A ⁇ 0.2 min 95% A -> 1.8 min 25% A ⁇ 1.9 min 10% A ⁇ 2.0 min 5% A ⁇ 3.2 min 5% A; Oven: 40 ° C; Flow: 3.0 ml / min; UV detection: 210 nm.
• the title compound is prepared starting from Example 12A by an analogous reaction sequence as described in Example 2A.
• Example 2A The compound of Example 2A (100 ⁇ M) and the phenol derivative (100 ⁇ M) in DMF (500 ⁇ L) are combined, then potassium carbonate (2 eq.) Added and the mixture over Stirred at room temperature overnight. Then 0.2 mL of ethanol and 0.2 mL of 1 N sodium hydroxide solution are added and the mixture is stirred for 2 h at room temperature. After addition of 0.1 mL 2N hydrochloric acid and dilution with DMSO, the mixture is purified directly by chromatography.
• a cellular assay is used to identify activators of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-alpha).
• the GAL4-PPAR ⁇ expression construct contains the ligand binding domain of PPARa (amino acids 167-468), which is PCR amplified and cloned into the vector pcDNA3.1. This vector already contains the GAL4 DNA binding domain (amino acids 1-147) of the vector pFC2-dbd (Stratagene).
• the reporter construct containing five copies of the GAL4 binding site upstream of a thymidine kinase promoter, expresses the firefly luciferase (Photinus pyralis) after activation and binding of GAL4-PPAR ⁇ .
• CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cells are supplemented in DMEM / F12 medium (BioWhittaker) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum, 1% penicillin / streptomycin (GIBCO), with a cell density of 2 ⁇ 10 3 cells per well in one Seeded 384 well plate (Greiner). After culturing for 48 h at 37 ° C, the cells are stimulated. For this, the substances to be tested are taken up in CHO-A-SFM medium (GlBCO) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum, 1% penicillin / streptomycin (GIBCO) and added to the cells. After a stimulation time of 24 hours, luciferase activity is measured using a video camera. The measured relative light units give a sigmoide depending on the substance concentration 002054
• the EC 50 values are calculated using the computer program GraphPad PRISM (version 3.02).
• the compounds according to the invention show EC 50 values of 5 ⁇ M to 10 nM in this test.
• the substances to be tested for their HDL-C increasing activity in vivo are orally administered to male transgenic hApoAl mice.
• the substances are administered orally once a day for 7 days.
• the test substances are dissolved in a solution of Solutol HS 15 + ethanol + saline (0.9%) in the ratio 1 + 1 + 8 or in a solution of Solutol HS 15 + saline (0.9%) in the ratio 2 + 8.
• the application of the dissolved substances takes place in a volume of 10 ml / kg body weight with a gavage. Animals which are treated in the same way, but only the solvent (10 ml / kg body weight) without test substance, serve as a control group.
• each mouse is sampled for the determination of ApoAl, serum cholesterol, HDL-C and serum triglycerides (TG) by puncture of the retroorbital venous plexus (initial value). Subsequently, the animals are given the test substance for the first time with a gavage. 24 hours after the last substance application (on the 8th day after the start of treatment), each animal is again drawn by puncture of the retroorbital venous plexus to determine the same parameters. The blood samples are centrifuged and after recovery of the serum, TG, cholesterol, HDL-C and human ApoAl with a Cobas Integra 400 plus device (Cobas Integra, Fa. Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Mannheim) under 006/002054
• HDL-C is purified by gel filtration and post-column derivatization with MEGA cholesterol reagent (Merck KGaA) analogously to the method of Garber et al. [J. Lipid Res. 41, 1020-1026 (2000)].
• the effect of the test substances on the HDL-C, hApoAl or TG concentrations is determined by subtracting the measured value of the first blood sample (pre-value) from the measured value of the second blood sample (after treatment).
• the differences of all HDL-C, hApoAl and TG values of a group are averaged and compared with the mean of the differences of the control group.
• the statistical evaluation is done with Student's t-test after checking the variances for homogeneity.
• Substances which increase the HDL-C of the treated animals statistically significantly (p ⁇ 0.05) by at least 20% or decrease the TG statistically significantly (p ⁇ 0.05) by at least 25% compared to those of the control group are considered to be pharmacologically active .
• the compounds according to the invention can be converted into pharmaceutical preparations as follows:
• the mixture of compound of the invention, lactose and starch is granulated with a 5% solution (m / m) of the PVP in water.
• the granules are mixed after drying with the magnesium stearate for 5 minutes.
• This mixture is compressed with a conventional tablet press (for the tablet format see above).
• a pressing force of 15 kN is used as a guideline for the compression.
• a single dose of 100 mg of the compound of the invention corresponds to 10 ml of oral suspension.
• the rhodigel is suspended in ethanol, the compound according to the invention is added to the suspension. While stirring, the addition of water. Until the completion of the swelling of Rhodigels is stirred for about 6 h.
• the compound of the invention is suspended in the mixture of polyethylene glycol and polysorbate with stirring. The stirring is continued until complete dissolution of the compound according to the invention.
• the compound of the invention is dissolved in a concentration below saturation solubility in a physiologically acceptable solvent (e.g., isotonic saline, glucose solution 5% and / or PEG 400 solution 30%).
• a physiologically acceptable solvent e.g., isotonic saline, glucose solution 5% and / or PEG 400 solution 30%.
• the solution is sterile filtered and filled into sterile and pyrogen-free injection containers.

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• 2005
  • 2005-06-11 DE DE102005027150A patent/DE102005027150A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2006
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