EP1850432B1 - Bougie d'allumage - Google Patents

Bougie d'allumage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1850432B1
EP1850432B1 EP07004483.9A EP07004483A EP1850432B1 EP 1850432 B1 EP1850432 B1 EP 1850432B1 EP 07004483 A EP07004483 A EP 07004483A EP 1850432 B1 EP1850432 B1 EP 1850432B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
noble metal
ground electrode
electrode
spark
metal piece
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP07004483.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1850432A2 (fr
EP1850432A3 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Alban
Christophe Houllé
Werner Niessner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Federal Mogul Ignition GmbH
Original Assignee
Federal Mogul Ignition GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102006019927A external-priority patent/DE102006019927B4/de
Application filed by Federal Mogul Ignition GmbH filed Critical Federal Mogul Ignition GmbH
Publication of EP1850432A2 publication Critical patent/EP1850432A2/fr
Publication of EP1850432A3 publication Critical patent/EP1850432A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1850432B1 publication Critical patent/EP1850432B1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/32—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation characterised by features of the earthed electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H01T13/39—Selection of materials for electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T21/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs
    • H01T21/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs of sparking plugs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of making a spark plug having a body, a center electrode and at least one body electrode defining therebetween a spark discharge gap.
  • a spark plug having a body, a center electrode and at least one body electrode forming a discharge gap for the spark therebetween, to provide the center electrode and the body electrode with noble metal reinforcements, respectively.
  • the aim is to achieve a high mileage through the noble metal reinforcements, which may consist of platinum alloys or iridium alloys.
  • the object underlying the invention is in contrast to increase the life and mileage of such a spark plug.
  • noble metal reinforcements of the body electrode and the center electrode have an overlap, i. a measure of opposing arrangement of the noble metal surfaces, which is optionally at least 90%, preferably at least 92% based on the smaller noble metal surface.
  • the noble metal reinforcements on the center electrode and the body electrode are thus arranged relative to one another such that they form the discharge gap for the spark, which is designed such that an electrical spark can form.
  • the two noble metal armatures of the center and body electrodes face each other such that the spark exit surface of the center electrode and the spark surface of the body electrode precisely oppose in the direction of the spark discharge such that the two noble metal surfaces of the center and body electrodes are at least 90% preferably at least 92% overlap
  • US 2002/0038992 A1 describes a spark plug whose discharge gap is reduced so far, until even a reasonable spark discharge is possible. The reduction of the discharge gap minimizes the overall size of the spark plug. Furthermore, in US 2005/0029915 A1 described a variety of differently shaped spark plugs, in which the center electrode and the body electrode are provided with a precious metal reinforcement. In a spark plug referred to in this document as the prior art, the center line of the center electrode is aligned with the center line of the body electrode. Otherwise, all differently configured spark plugs have an offset between the centerlines of the body and center electrodes.
  • the position of the spark plug thread portion is not assigned to the position of the body electrode, i. the position of the body electrode after screwing each different, so that, for example, in the use of the spark plug in spray-guided direct injection systems, the access of the spark gap can be hidden from the injection jet. Furthermore, there is no association of the threaded portion of the spark plug body, i. the bolt thread to the cylinder head bore, i. of the nut thread. There is no targeted position of the body electrode can be reached at the spark plug, so that the position of the body electrode in the combustion chamber is random.
  • the attachment of the body electrode on the spark plug body is carried out after making the screw thread, wherein for the positionally accurate welding of the body electrode, the shape and the position of the thread profile is used as a reference.
  • the body is struck loose at the outer sealing seat and is brought with a rotational movement, the thread profile of the body in a defined measuring window in the desired position.
  • the alignment, adjustment and positioning of the body is monitored by means of an optical measuring system, thereby ensuring a defined distance of the outer sealing seat from the thread profile.
  • the body electrode is welded onto the front of the body, with subsequent further processing Deburred, embossed, nickel-plated and possibly precious metal-reinforced. The body electrode is then bent and the insulator is mounted.
  • the overall tolerance of the distance from the body-exterior sealing seat to the spark gap i.e. the Vorstehnieses large, so that a targeted installation, which is mainly required for use in spray-guided direct injection systems, is not guaranteed.
  • the tolerance of the spark position is narrowed, so that an exact position of the spark gap is ensured in the combustion chamber.
  • the spark plug is formed so that the dimensional and tolerance accuracy between the outer sealing seat and the center electrode tip is minimal.
  • the spark gap of the spark plug must be placed in this narrow zone of the fuel spray.
  • the manufacturing tolerance of the Elektrodenvorstehstedes is large and can be in the range of 1.5 mm, these commercially available spark plugs are hardly suitable for this use.
  • the electrodes may be positioned so that the fuel cloud outside, especially formed below the spark gap, which consequently leads to misfiring.
  • an exact positioning of the body electrode is advantageous so that the body electrode does not obstruct the so-called entrainment flow.
  • This is to be understood as the intake of air from the environment of the injected spray jet as a result of the negative pressure arising in the spray due to the velocity distribution of the droplets and the Sprühstrahlabkühlung by removing the enthalpy of vaporization.
  • a spark plug with a position-oriented spark gap is required.
  • the electrodes must also be assigned so that in the defined location of the fuel injection cone takes place a safe ignition.
  • Conditions are an exact position, i. an exact protrusion of the spark gap into the combustion chamber and a best possible position of the body electrode in the combustion chamber or in the injection jet such that the body electrode does not hinder the ignition process, for example by shading the fuel particles in the direction of the discharge path or an unfavorable position of the body electrode leads to quenching.
  • the requirement for minimum allocation tolerance of the spark gap and accurate positioning of the body electrode is met.
  • the spark plugs are inventively made so that the natural tolerances of the items in the solvedbetrachtung the distance between the outer sealing seat and center electrode tip do not add in the assembled state.
  • an optical measuring method between the insulator seat and the Center electrode tip this length measured.
  • the Vorstehdroit is matched with different inner gaskets.
  • the body 1 is taken in calibrated height D1
  • the body electrode 3 is aligned, a noble metal piece 5 the ignited surface facing the body electrode 3, the precious metal piece in the middle of Width of the body electrode 3 is positioned, the noble metal piece 5 is resistance welded to the length dimension Z, the noble metal piece 5 is formed flat, the precious metal piece 5 is laser welded to the length dimension Z, the body electrode 3 is cut to the length dimension of the optimal stretched length, optionally contour cutting takes place the body electrode 3, the body electrode 3 is bent to the dimension A, the insulator and the body are mounted by that the dimension B of the insulator is determined by measuring that insulator 7 and body 1 after computation and targeted allocation unte are assigned in pairs so that an inner sealing ring 8 and the insulator 7 are inserted into the body 1 and a crimping and shrinking takes place, the body electrode 3 is calibrated in the X-axis, ie in the width direction of the
  • the assembled spark plug is picked up, the body electrode 3 is aligned in the X-axis direction, the body electrode 3 is aligned in the Y-axis direction, the jig dimension is measured, the positioning becomes When the precious metal piece 5 is resistance-welded to the length dimension Z, the noble metal piece 5 is embossed flat, laser welding is performed, the body electrode 3 is cut after calculation of the protruding amount When the body electrode 3 is bent, the body electrode 3 is calibrated in the X-axis direction, the body electrode 3 is calibrated in the Y-axis direction, and the body electrode 3 is calibrated in the Z-axis direction.
  • the desired coverage may be more than 90% of the area of the noble metal piece of the center electrode be achieved by the noble metal piece 5 on the body electrode 3 in that the center deviation, ie the deviation of the centers of the circular precious metal surfaces is less than 0.18 mm. With a center deviation of less than 0.15 mm, an overlap of 95% is already achieved.
  • the desired coverage can thus be achieved by keeping the center deviation within appropriate limits.
  • the dimension X of the outer sealing seat of the cold-extruded body is in the manufacture of the spark plug to the inner Sealing seat, ie turned to the calibrated height D1
  • the body is positioned to hit the collar of the outer sealing seat, wherein the thread profile is positioned as reference in the measuring window, the body electrode 3 is welded and then nickel-plated, a noble metal piece 5 on the body electrode 3 in Dimension Z is applied, the body electrode 3 is cut to length C, the body electrode 3 is bent to the dimension A, and the insulator 7 and body are assembled by measuring the distance of the sealing seat of the insulator 7 from the firing tip of the center electrode, ie, the dimension B.
  • Fig. 1 and 2 is a particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention in a total of four phases shown in detail.
  • phase 1 in Fig. 1 the production of a spark plug is such that the natural tolerances of the individual parts with respect to the measure of the spark position do not add up.
  • the inner sealing seat D1 of the body 1 is the constructive reference point to which all further construction and manufacturing operations refer. From the inner sealing seat D1, the accuracy of the outer sealing seat 4 is made by revolving the sealing shoulder. The constructively determined distance X is maintained in the range of +/- 0.05 mm. By contrast, the previous tolerance accuracy was +/- 0.28 mm (calibrated height +/- 0.08 mm, body length +/- 0.2 mm).
  • phase 2 thread rolling takes place prior to welding of the body electrode 3.
  • the welding of the body electrode 3 then takes place in such a way that the position of the body electrode 3 to the threaded portion exactly is determined.
  • the body 1 is placed with the sealing shoulder on the outer sealing seat 4 on a stop 2 and the thread profile is visualized using an image processing system. By means of a rotary movement, it can be adjusted to the exact position Y in a given measuring window.
  • a noble metal piece 5 can additionally be welded to the body electrode 3.
  • the length reference is the inner sealing seat D1, wherein the exact position of the noble metal piece 5 is defined by the dimension Z.
  • the length C of the body electrode 3 is cut by cutting, e.g. produced by mechanical cutting. As a result, an optimal bending length of the body electrode 3 is ensured.
  • the body electrode 3 is then bent to the dimension A. Reference is the inner sealing seat D1 of the body. With this precise pre-bend adjustment of the electrode gap is ensured without much bending of the body electrode 3. As a result, a secure overlap of the precious metal parts at the center electrode and body electrode 3 is ensured in the axial direction.
  • phase 4 in Fig. 2 is determined before the introduction of the insulator 7 in the body 1, the length B of the insulator sealing shoulder to the firing tip of the center electrode, which can be done for example by means of a camera measuring system.
  • the installation of the insulator 7 in the body 1 with the thickness s of the inner sealing ring 8 is made.
  • the tolerance for dimension B is +/- 0.17 mm (sealing seat +/- 0.09 mm, center electrode +/- 0.08 mm).
  • Preferred thicknesses s of the inner sealing rings 8 are 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm and 0.8 mm.
  • the assembly by crimping and shrinking is carried out according to the rule of a size dimension of difference insulator to body with a minimum of inner seal and vice versa.
  • the outer sealing ring 6 consists of a solid good heat-conducting metal.
  • the thickness K of the outer sealing ring 6 is matched to the engine requirements and is within the standard specifications. For example, by internal caulking of the outer sealing ring 6, the captivity is ensured.
  • solid sealing rings offer the advantage that they only deform slightly when tightened. A tolerance of the sealing ring thickness of +/- 0.02 mm is certainly achievable.
  • the tolerances of the inner sealing ring with +/- 0.02 mm and the thickness dispersion after pressing the inner sealing ring during assembly are not taken into account and the tolerances of the outer sealing ring with +/- 0.02 mm are not taken into account. If these tolerances are taken into account in the evaluation of the Vorstehstedes V, then an accuracy of the Vorstehnieses V process reliable in the order +/- 0.1 mm can be achieved.
  • the invention thus provides a spark plug in which the body electrode is accurately positioned to the threaded portion, the Elektrodenvorsteh founded by minimizing the tolerances small variations in the range of 0.2 mm, mounting with standard assembly tool is possible, standard high voltage connections can be used and a long term is achieved by optimal use of precious metal reinforcement.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'une bougie d'allumage avec un corps (1), une électrode centrale et au moins une électrode de masse (3) formant entre elles un interstice de décharge pour les étincelles d'allumage, où l'électrode centrale et l'électrode de masse (3) présentent chacune des blindages métalliques (5) formés contre les différents composants de la bougie d'allumage avant d'être montés, où le corps (1) est logé à hauteur calibrée, l'électrode de masse (3) est ajustée, une pièce en métal noble (5) est appliquée sur la surface côté allumage de l'électrode de masse (3), la pièce en métal noble (5) est positionnée au milieu de la largeur de l'électrode de masse (3), la pièce en métal noble (5) est soudée par résistance à une cote de longueur définie, la pièce en métal noble (5) est aplatie à la presse, la pièce en métal noble (5) est soudée par laser à la cote de longueur définie, l'électrode de masse (3) est découpée à sa cote de longueur, la longueur de l'épaulement d'étanchéité d'isolateur au sommet de l'électrode centrale est mesurée, l'isolateur (7) est associé au corps (1) après calcul et association définie de différentes épaisseurs de joints intérieurs, un joint intérieur (8) et l'isolateur (7) sont introduits dans le corps (1) et un sertissage et une rétraction sont effectués, l'électrode de masse (3) est calibrée dans le sens de sa largeur, l'électrode de masse (3) est calibrée dans le sens de son bord avant et l'électrode de masse (3) est calibrée dans le sens de l'écartement des électrodes, de telle manière que les blindages métalliques (5) de l'électrode de masse (3) et de l'électrode centrale présentent un recouvrement des surfaces de métal noble de 90 % au moins par rapport à la surface de métal noble minimale le cas échéant.
  2. Procédé de fabrication d'une bougie d'allumage avec un corps (1), une électrode centrale et au moins une électrode de masse (3) formant entre elles un interstice de décharge pour les étincelles d'allumage, où l'électrode centrale et l'électrode de masse (3) présentent chacune des blindages métalliques (5), où la bougie d'allumage est pré-montée à partir de ses différents composants avant d'être pourvue des blindages métalliques (5), et où la bougie d'allumage pré-montée est logée, l'électrode de masse (3) est ajustée dans sa largeur, l'électrode de masse (3) est ajustée dabs le sens de son bord avant, la cote de saillie est mesurée, le positionnement d'une pièce en métal noble (5) est calculé, la pièce en métal noble (5) est appliquée sur la surface côté allumage de l'électrode de masse (3), la pièce en métal noble (5) est soudée par résistance à une cote de longueur définie, la pièce en métal noble (5) est aplatie à la presse, la pièce en métal noble (5) est soudée par laser, l'électrode de masse (3) est découpée après calcul de la cote de saillie, l'électrode de masse (3) est pliée, l'électrode de masse (3) est calibrée dans le sens de la largeur, l'électrode de masse (3) est calibrée dans le sens du bord avant et l'électrode de masse (3) est calibrée dans le sens de l'écartement des électrodes, de telle manière que les blindages métalliques (5) de l'électrode de masse (3) et de l'électrode centrale présentent un recouvrement des surfaces de métal noble de 90 % au moins par rapport à la surface de métal noble minimale le cas échéant.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, où le recouvrement des surfaces de métal noble est de 92 % au moins.
EP07004483.9A 2006-04-28 2007-03-05 Bougie d'allumage Ceased EP1850432B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006019927A DE102006019927B4 (de) 2006-04-28 2006-04-28 Zündkerze

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1850432A2 EP1850432A2 (fr) 2007-10-31
EP1850432A3 EP1850432A3 (fr) 2013-07-31
EP1850432B1 true EP1850432B1 (fr) 2015-12-30

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Family Applications (1)

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EP07004483.9A Ceased EP1850432B1 (fr) 2006-04-28 2007-03-05 Bougie d'allumage

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EP (1) EP1850432B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102006062737B4 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202008015598U1 (de) 2008-11-25 2009-02-26 Profiroll Technologies Gmbh Walzmaschine mit Gewindewalzen zum Walzen von Zündkerzen mit orientiertem Gewinde für Brennkraftmaschinen
JP5337066B2 (ja) * 2010-01-28 2013-11-06 日本特殊陶業株式会社 スパークプラグ用主体金具組立体の製造方法、スパークプラグの製造方法、及び、スパークプラグ用主体金具組立体の製造装置
JP5363517B2 (ja) 2011-02-05 2013-12-11 日本特殊陶業株式会社 スパークプラグの製造方法
JP2013020790A (ja) 2011-07-11 2013-01-31 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd スパークプラグ
JP6527540B2 (ja) * 2017-03-01 2019-06-05 日本特殊陶業株式会社 加工装置、部品の製造方法およびスパークプラグの製造方法
DE102017107728A1 (de) 2017-04-10 2018-10-11 Federal-Mogul Ignition Gmbh Vorkammerzündkerze und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
DE102020209834A1 (de) * 2020-08-05 2022-02-10 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Charge von Zündkerzen

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050029915A1 (en) * 2003-08-07 2005-02-10 Denso Corporation Structure of spark plug ensuring stability in location of production of sparks

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19645385C2 (de) * 1996-11-04 2002-11-21 Daimler Chrysler Ag Anordnung einer Zündkerze zur Ausbildung eines zwischen zwei Elektroden überspringenden Zündfunkens im Zylinder einer direkteinspritzenden Otto-Brennkraftmaschine
JP2002184551A (ja) * 2000-10-03 2002-06-28 Nippon Soken Inc スパークプラグ及びそれを用いた点火装置
DE10257995B4 (de) * 2002-04-09 2011-03-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Zündkerze
JP4169274B2 (ja) * 2003-04-15 2008-10-22 日本特殊陶業株式会社 貴金属放電チップの製造方法及びその貴金属放電チップを用いたスパークプラグの製造方法
DE10349077A1 (de) * 2003-10-22 2005-05-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Zylinderkopf und Zündkerze

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050029915A1 (en) * 2003-08-07 2005-02-10 Denso Corporation Structure of spark plug ensuring stability in location of production of sparks

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102006062737A1 (de) 2008-01-24
EP1850432A2 (fr) 2007-10-31
DE102006062737B4 (de) 2014-06-26
EP1850432A3 (fr) 2013-07-31

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