EP1845212B1 - System zum anheben von grossen strukturen - Google Patents

System zum anheben von grossen strukturen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1845212B1
EP1845212B1 EP05701677A EP05701677A EP1845212B1 EP 1845212 B1 EP1845212 B1 EP 1845212B1 EP 05701677 A EP05701677 A EP 05701677A EP 05701677 A EP05701677 A EP 05701677A EP 1845212 B1 EP1845212 B1 EP 1845212B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lifting
column
sliding ring
moving
fixed column
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Not-in-force
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EP05701677A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1845212A1 (de
Inventor
Juan Carracedo Planelles
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Montur Estan SL
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Montur Estan SL
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Publication of EP1845212A1 publication Critical patent/EP1845212A1/de
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Publication of EP1845212B1 publication Critical patent/EP1845212B1/de
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/35—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block
    • E04B1/3522—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block characterised by raising a structure and then adding structural elements under it
    • E04B1/3527—Extraordinary methods of construction, e.g. lift-slab, jack-block characterised by raising a structure and then adding structural elements under it the structure being a roof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F1/00—Devices, e.g. jacks, for lifting loads in predetermined steps
    • B66F1/02—Devices, e.g. jacks, for lifting loads in predetermined steps with locking elements, e.g. washers, co-operating with posts
    • B66F1/025—Devices, e.g. jacks, for lifting loads in predetermined steps with locking elements, e.g. washers, co-operating with posts the devices being operated by fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F3/00—Devices, e.g. jacks, adapted for uninterrupted lifting of loads
    • B66F3/46—Combinations of several jacks with means for interrelating lifting or lowering movements

Definitions

  • the system of the invention has the object of lifting large structures, which have previously been completely assembled on the ground, until placing them in their final position, eliminating assembly operations at heights, thus preventing the risks involved with them and reducing the assembly time for both the structure and for the total construction of the building such structure pertains to.
  • the corresponding structure is hoisted, it is then placed on the permanent props or supports thereof, which could have been previously assembled, during or after the construction of the structure itself, and the mechanisms used for lifting it are then disassembled and removed.
  • the lifting device described in this patent is limited to small-sized roofs or structures.
  • the system of the invention is designed to achieve a fast and safe operation for lifting large-sized structures, allowing the complete assembly of the structure on the ground. Working at heights, which is always more complicated and dangerous, is thus eliminated.
  • the system is made up of a series of lifting columns, which are suited in number and position to the size of the structure to be hoisted, connected to a control system allowing a joint, controlled and synchronized operation of all the columns for lifting the entire structure step-by-step up to its final position.
  • Each of the lifting columns comprises the following elements:
  • the sliding ring climbs up, step-by-step, being anchored respectively in the fixed column and in the moving column, until reaching the calculated and expected position for the structure.
  • the electronic control system allowing the synchronized operation of all the columns, coordinates the movements of the pneumatic thrust systems causing the vertical displacement of the moving columns of each lifting column, as well as the synchronized activation and deactivation of the pneumatic thrust and retention cylinders of all the sliding rings.
  • a lateral guiding system for the structure to be hoisted can optionally be assembled which is formed by one or more bearing towers collaborating in the absorption of horizontal stress due, for example, to wind loads, and thus preventing the lateral displacement of the structure during the hoisting operation.
  • the number of columns required for lifting it must first be calculated, then such columns are sized and the pressures of each of the hydraulic cylinders of the sliding rings of each column are then calculated.
  • the columns are completely assembled, comprising the assembly of the fixed columns, of the moving columns intercalated between them, of the pneumatic thrust systems of the moving columns and of the sliding rings, with their corresponding interlocking systems including, where required, the lateral guiding system to prevent lateral displacements of the structure during the hoisting operation.
  • the structure to be lifted is then anchored to the sliding rings of each of the columns.
  • the complete lifting of the structure occurs by repeating a lifting cycle by means of which the structure is lifted a height equivalent to the distance or spacing existing between two consecutive holes of the sections forming the fixed and moving columns, or a multiple of the distance between holes, which cycle comprises the following steps:
  • the system is made up of a series of lifting columns (1) duly distributed, in number, position and dimensions, according to the size of the structure (2) to be hoisted which allow, as can be seen in the Figures 4 , 5 and 6 , the simultaneous and controlled lifting of the entire structure (2) previously assembled on the ground.
  • all the lifting columns are connected together by means of an electronic control system for controlling all the pneumatic elements as well as the movement and position of each of the columns so that the lifting occurs with a height position difference that is less than a predetermined value which has previously been programmed into the control system.
  • This valor will represent the maximum deviation considered allowable among the columns during the entire structure lifting process. By way of example, it can be approximately 10 mm.
  • the lifting process occurs slowly and step-by-step, all the system parameters being controlled at all times, but completely hoisting the structure in a few hours, such that the complete assembly of the structure is carried out in less time and at a lower cost than with traditional processes, further minimizing the risk to the operators since the assembly is done on the ground and lifting it is done automatically by means of the control system.
  • Each of the lifting columns (1) is made up of a fixed column (3) and a moving column (4) which are assembled such that they are intercalated with one another, such that the moving column (4) can be displaced according to an up and down movement with regard to the fixed column (3).
  • Figures 7 to 12 show a specific embodiment for the lifting column (1) in which the fixed column (3) is made up of four metal sections (5) joined together through secondary beams (6), forming an integral assembly.
  • the moving column (4) is also made up of four metal sections (7) joined together through secondary beams (8) forming a second integral assembly.
  • Each fixed column (3) and moving column (4) incorporates several groups of secondary beams (6), (8), arranged at different heights which are spaced from one another a distance that is greater than the spacing or height that the structure is lifted in each lifting cycle to prevent interferences between the fixed column (3) and the moving column (4) in the vertical up and down displacements of the moving column (4).
  • the fixed column (3) is anchored to a structure or bearing base (9), fixed to the ground, while the moving column (4), intercalated with the fixed column (3), is borne on a thrust plate (10) under which a pneumatic thrust system (11) is assembled which is responsible for causing the up and down displacement of the moving column (4).
  • the pneumatic thrust system (11) is preferably formed by means of two horizontal flat plates, a lower fixed plate and an upper moving plate, on the perimeter of which the ends of an elastic annular belt are fitted, fixing them with respective flanges, thus forming a leak-tight elastic chamber, such that as gas under pressure is introduced in said chamber, the upper plate is lifted which in turn pushes and displaces the moving column (4).
  • the pneumatic system can be formed, in a simplified manner, from an air cushion.
  • Each column also incorporates a sliding ring (12), which is assembled such that it externally encircles the fixed column (3) and the moving column (4), and withstands the weight of the space frame (2) to be hoisted through anchoring means (17).
  • the sliding ring (11) incorporates an interlocking system (13) allowing it to be connected to the fixed column (3) and to the moving column (4), such that when it is connected to the moving column (4) it can be displaced with said column in its upwards movement with regard to the fixed column (3).
  • the interlocking system (13) comprises thrust cylinders (13') actuating thrust bolts (14') which are provided to be anchored in holes (15) of the moving column (4), and retention cylinders (13") actuating retention bolts (14") which are interlocked in holes (15) of the fixed column (3), allowing, as will be described below, the lifting of the sliding ring (12) with regard to the column (1) and, accordingly, of the structure (2).
  • the structure (2) is joined to the sliding ring (12) through anchoring means formed, either by means which work under pulling, such as high-strength cables, chains or stays (17), or by means of thrust sections, which anchoring means (17) are joined to the sliding ring (12) with the cooperation of hydraulic cylinders (18), which are communicated together and with the control system for regulating the stress of the anchoring elements (17) of each of the lifting columns (1).
  • the sliding ring (12) also incorporates a series of rollers (19) resting on the fixed column (3) and moving column (4), so as to allow the guided displacement of the ring (12) in its up and down movements.
  • the system also comprises guiding rings (20), arranged in the upper and lower part of each column (1), anchored to the fixed column (3) and provided with bearing rollers (21), required by thrust springs, on which the moving column (4) is borne, allowing its vertical up and down displacement in a guided manner.
  • the system can also incorporate guiding means in the central area of the columns when the height thereof requires it.
  • This system comprises extensible rings (22), connected together and to the sliding ring (12), such that as the sliding ring moves upwards, the extensible rings (22) are positioned along the column, as can be seen in Figure 11 .
  • These rings can be similar to the guiding rings provided in the upper and lower part of the column.
  • the lifting of the sliding ring (12), and accordingly of the structure, with regard to the columns (1) is carried out by repeating a lifting cycle comprising the following operative steps:
  • the assembly of the actuations of the lifting columns is connected forming a pneumatic network fed by one or several compressors, all of its components, i.e. filters, electrovalves and pumps, being connected through a programmable electronic control system.
  • the lifting columns are also joined by means of an electronic network controlled through a second programmable electronic control system which all the other subsystems of the lifting system depend on such that all the movements of the lifting columns are programmed and controlled to achieve a coordinated actuation of all the movements allowing the hoisting of the structure with very low tolerances between all its points.
  • control boxes are used for the control system of each lifting column, one of them in each ring for the control and synchronized activation/deactivation of the electrovalves and other elements for actuating the assembly of hydraulic cylinders (18) for regulating the anchoring means (17) of the structure and another one being located at the base of each column and distributing and controlling the actuations of the pneumatic thrust system (11) and the assembly of retention cylinders (13") and thrust cylinders (13').
  • the structure lifting and assembly process would have at least the following operative steps of the lifting system, shown in Figures 1 to 6 :

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
  • Hydroponics (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. System zum Anheben großer Strukturen, mit:
    - mindestens zwei Hubsäulen (1), wobei jede der mindestens zwei Hubsäulen (1) die folgenden Elemente aufweist:
    - eine mit dem Boden verankerte feste Säule (3), die aus mehreren Metallteilen (7) besteht,
    - eine bewegbare Säule (4), die aus mehreren Metallteilen (5) besteht, welche relativ zu der festen Säule (3) vertikal bewegbar sind,
    - ein die vertikale Bewegung der bewegbaren Säule (4) bewirkendes pneumatisches Druckbeaufschlagungssystem (11), das alternierende Auf- und Ab-Bewegungszyklen durchführt,
    - einen außen angeordneten Gleitring (12), der die feste Säule (3) und die bewegbare Säule (4) umgibt und an dem ein Teil der anzuhebenden Struktur (2) mittels Verankerungselementen (17) befestigt ist,
    - ein an dem Gleitring (12) vorgesehenes Verriegelungssystem (13) zum Verbinden des Gleitrings (12) an der festen Säule (3) und/oderan der bewegbare Säule (4);
    - einem mit den mindestens zwei Hubsäulen (1) zwecks synchronisierter Bewegung dieser Säulen verbundenes elektronischen Steuersystem, mit dessen Hilfe eine zuvor am Boden zusammengefügte und mit den Hubsäulen verbundene Struktur (2) in ihre Endposition angehoben werden kann.
  2. System zum Anheben großer Strukturen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das elektronische Steuersystem die Bewegungen des pneumatischen Druckbeaufschlagungssystems (11) und des Verriegelungssystems (13) jeder der mindestens zwei Hubsäulen (1) koordiniert, um das synchronisierte Anheben sämtlicher Gleitringe (12) und somit der Struktur (2) zu bewirken.
  3. System zum Anheben großer Strukturen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Metallteile (7) und (5) der festen Säule (3) und der bewegbaren Säule (4) mit Löchern (15) versehen sind, die mit regelmäßigen Abständen entlang der Länge der Metallteile verteilt sind.
  4. System zum Anheben großer Strukturen nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das an dem Gleitring (12) vorgesehene Verriegelungssystem (13) aus einem pneumatischen Betätigungssystem besteht, mittels dessen das Einführen oder Herausziehen von Verankerungsvorrichtungen (14) in die Löcher (15) bzw. aus den Löchern (15) der Metallteile (7) und (5) gesteuert wird.
  5. System zum Anheben großer Strukturen nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verriegelungssystem (13) Druckbeaufschlagungszylinder (13') zur Betätigung von Druckbeaufschlagungsbolzen (14') zwecks Verriegelungseingriffs der Druckbeaufschlagungsbolzen in die Löcher (15) der Metallteile (5), und Rückhaltezylinder (13") zur Betätigung von Rückhaltebolzen (14") zwecks Verriegelungseingriffs der Rückhaltebolzen in die Löcher (15) der Metallteile (7) aufweist.
  6. System zum Anheben großer Strukturen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Metallteile (7) mittels Sekundär-Befestigungsträgern (8) miteinander verbunden sind und die Metallteile (5) mittels Sekundär-Befestigungsträgern (6) miteinander verbunden sind.
  7. System zum Anheben großer Strukturen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das System eine zur Verhinderung seitlicher Verlagerungen der festen Säule (3) und der bewegbaren Säule (4) vorgesehene Führungsvorrichtung aufweist, die durch mindestens einen Ring (20) gebildet ist, der einteilig mit der festen Säule (3) ausgebildet ist und mit Zylindern oder Lagerrollen (21) versehen ist, die gegen die bewegbare Säule (4) anliegen, um deren vertikale Auf- und Abbewegung relativ zu der festen Säule (3) zu ermöglichen.
  8. System zum Anheben großer Strukturen nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das System zwei Ringe (20) aufweist, die an dem oberen bzw. dem unteren Teil jeder Säule (1) angeordnet sind.
  9. System zum Anheben großer Strukturen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hubsäule (1) weitere Führungsvorrichtungen aufweist, die durch eine Anordnung verfahrbarer Bewegungsringe (22) gebildet sind, die miteinander und andererseits mit dem Gleitring (12) verbunden sind, wobei diese Ringe (22), während sich der erwähnte Gleitring (12) aufwärts bewegt, entlang der Länge der Säule (1) positioniert werden, gleichzeitig die feste Säule (3) und die bewegbare Säule (4) umgeben und über Zylinder oder Lagerrollen (23) an diesen anliegen.
  10. System zum Anheben großer Strukturen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die bewegbare Säule (4) auf einer Druckbeaufschlagungsplatte (10) gehalten ist, unter der das pneumatische Druckbeaufschlagungssystem angeordnet ist.
  11. System zum Anheben großer Strukturen nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass pneumatische Druckbeaufschlagungssystem der bewegbaren Säule aus zwei horizontalen Flachplatten, und zwar einer unteren festen Platte und einer weiteren, oberen beweglichen Platte besteht, an deren Umfangsbereich die Enden eines elastischen Ringriemens befestigt sind, wobei diese mittels jeweiliger Flansche festgelegt sind, wodurch eine derartige leckdichte elastische Kammer gebildet wird, dass bei Einführung eines druckbeaufschlagten Gases in die Kammer die obere Platte angehoben wird, die ihrerseits die auf ihr gehaltene bewegbare Säule (4) drückt und diese bewegt.
  12. System zum Anheben großer Strukturen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verankerungselemente (15) der Struktur mit dem Gleitring (12) durch jeweilige Hydraulikzylinder (18) verbunden sind, die eine Steuerung der Belastung ermöglichen, der die Verankerungselemente der Struktur während des gesamten Hubvorgangs widersteht.
  13. System zum Anheben großer Strukturen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Gleitring (12) mit einer oder mehreren Gleitrollen (19) versehen ist, um den Gleitring relativ zu der festen Säule (3) und der bewegbare Säule (4) zu führen.
  14. System zum Anheben großer Strukturen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Steuersystem Steuervorrichtungen, die auf sämtliche Säulen (1) verteilt sind, und insbesondere Steuervorrichtungen, die in dem Gleitring (12) angeordnet sind, um die Aktivierung und Deaktivierung der die Betätigung der Hydraulikzylinder (18) bewirkenden Elemente zu veranlassen, und an der Basis der Säule (1) angeordnete Steuervorrichtungen zum Verteilen und Steuern der Betätigungen des pneumatischen Druckbeaufschlagungssystems (11) und der Druckbeaufschlagungszylinder (13') und Rückhaltezylinder (13") aufweist.
  15. System zum Anheben großer Strukturen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das System mindestens eine vertikale Führungssäule für die anzuhebende Struktur aufweist, die zur Absorption von Horizontalbelastung beiträgt.
  16. System zum Anheben großer Strukturen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die feste Säule (3) durch vier Metallteile (7) gebildet ist und die bewegbare Säule (4) durch vier Metallteile (4) gebildet ist.
  17. System zum Anheben großer Strukturen nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das System für die folgenden Arbeitsschritte ausgelegt ist:
    - Berechnen der Anzahl der Säulen (1) und ihrer Abmessungen und Positionierungen, die für das Anheben der Struktur (2) in ihre permanente Position erforderlich sind,
    - Anordnen jeder der Hubsäulen (1) in ihrer Arbeitsposition,
    - Anordnen, Anschließen und Programmieren jedes elektronischen Steuersystems gemäß den vorherigen Berechnungen,
    - Verankern der anzuhebenden Struktur (2) an den verschiedenen Gleitringen (12) jeder der Hubsäulen (1),
    - Aktivieren des pneumatischen Druckbeaufschlagungssystems (11) gemäß der entsprechenden Hubsequenz, das wiederholt wird, bis die Struktur (2) ihrer permanente Höhe erreicht hat,
    - Anordnen der Struktur (2) an den permanenten Lagerelementen (23), welche die Struktur während deren Betriebslebensdauer halten,
    - Demontieren und Entfernen der Hubsäulen (1).
  18. System zum Anheben großer Strukturen nach Anspruch 18, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hubsequenz die folgenden Schritte enthält:
    - Betätigung der Druckbeaufschlagungszylinder (13'), um die bewegbare Säule (4) in Bolzeneingriff mit Löchern (15) der Metallteile (5) zu bringen,
    - Betätigung der Rückhaltezylinder (13") zum Lösen des Bolzeneingriffs relativ zu der festen Säule (3), wobei der Gleitring relativ zu der bewegbare Säule (4) verriegelt wird,
    - Aktivierung des pneumatischen Druckbeaufschlagungssystems (11) zum Bewirken der vertikalen Aufwärtsbewegung der bewegbaren Säule (4), wodurch wiederum der Gleitring (12) und folglich die anzuhebende Struktur (2) mitgezogen werden,
    - Stoppen des Inflatierens des pneumatischen Systems (11), wenn der Gleitring (12) in seiner Hubbewegung die erwartete Position erreicht, die dem Abstand oder dem Zwischenraum zwischen den beiden aufeinanderfolgenden Löchern (15) der festen Säule (3) oder mehreren dieser Abstände entspricht,
    - Betätigung der Rückhaltezylinder (13"), die durch Bolzeneingriff mit der festen Säule (3) zusammengreifen, wodurch der Gleitring (12) gehalten wird,
    - Betätigung der Druckbeaufschlagungszylinder (13') zur Aufhebung des Bolzeneingriffs mit der bewegbaren Säule (4), so dass diese von dem Gleitring (12) gelöst wird,
    - Deflatieren des pneumatischen Druckbeaufschlagungssystems (11) und anschließendes Abwärtsbewegen der bewegbaren Säule (4) in deren Ausgangs- oder Ruheposition.
EP05701677A 2005-01-19 2005-01-19 System zum anheben von grossen strukturen Not-in-force EP1845212B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ES2005/000022 WO2006077270A1 (es) 2005-01-19 2005-01-19 Sistema de elevacion de grandes estructuras

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1845212A1 EP1845212A1 (de) 2007-10-17
EP1845212B1 true EP1845212B1 (de) 2010-04-21

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EP05701677A Not-in-force EP1845212B1 (de) 2005-01-19 2005-01-19 System zum anheben von grossen strukturen

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EP (1) EP1845212B1 (de)
CN (1) CN101137802A (de)
AT (1) ATE465306T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602005020853D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2350889T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2006077270A1 (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101691815B (zh) * 2009-09-03 2011-04-20 中国建筑第四工程局有限公司 一种大型钢架快速吊装对正方法及钢架底座结构
CN102877547B (zh) * 2012-10-16 2014-07-09 北京市机械施工有限公司 一种整体提升高空移动就位的钢网架安装方法

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2867111A (en) * 1952-08-01 1959-01-06 Philip N Youtz Apparatus for erecting buildings
US3096076A (en) * 1959-07-03 1963-07-02 Walli Ernst Apparatus for gradually lifting construction parts manufactured on a building yard
US4251974A (en) * 1979-04-25 1981-02-24 Peter M. Vanderklaauw Sensing and control apparatus for lifting heavy construction elements
HU187519B (en) * 1983-06-10 1986-01-28 Epitoegepgyarto Vallalat,Hu Electrohydraulic floor lifting apparatus
US4605203A (en) * 1985-03-04 1986-08-12 Hooper Jack L Pneumatic jack
JP2818729B2 (ja) * 1993-11-18 1998-10-30 株式会社アスカ設計 建物上屋の施工方法
US6425712B1 (en) * 2000-09-07 2002-07-30 Liftplate International Method and apparatus for providing lateral support to a post

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Publication number Publication date
ES2350889T3 (es) 2011-01-28
CN101137802A (zh) 2008-03-05
WO2006077270A1 (es) 2006-07-27
DE602005020853D1 (de) 2010-06-02
EP1845212A1 (de) 2007-10-17
ATE465306T1 (de) 2010-05-15

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