EP1819879B1 - Corps sous pression a renforcement de membrane externe - Google Patents

Corps sous pression a renforcement de membrane externe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1819879B1
EP1819879B1 EP05809874A EP05809874A EP1819879B1 EP 1819879 B1 EP1819879 B1 EP 1819879B1 EP 05809874 A EP05809874 A EP 05809874A EP 05809874 A EP05809874 A EP 05809874A EP 1819879 B1 EP1819879 B1 EP 1819879B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
pressure body
accordance
net
membrane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05809874A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1819879A1 (fr
Inventor
Rolf H. Luchsinger
René CRETTOL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Prospective Concepts AG
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Prospective Concepts AG
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Application filed by Prospective Concepts AG filed Critical Prospective Concepts AG
Publication of EP1819879A1 publication Critical patent/EP1819879A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1819879B1 publication Critical patent/EP1819879B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/005—Girders or columns that are rollable, collapsible or otherwise adjustable in length or height

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to pressure bodies made of gas-tight membranes according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Pressure body made of membranes are known per se see, for example WO 01/73245 , They usually consist of a gas-tight membrane, which forms a hollow body, which can be acted upon, for example via a valve with compressed gas. Inflatable balls and pillows are well known examples.
  • the hollow body may be composed of a plurality of interconnected membrane pieces.
  • the tension in the membrane also increases.
  • the membrane expands with increasing pressure and ruptures when exceeding the maximum tensile stress of the membrane or its compounds.
  • membranes that are too stretchy or too low-tear resistant for a particular application are combined with other higher-tensile materials and integrated, for example, in a composite material.
  • a typical example of this is modern sail materials, which consist for example of a laminated composite of load-bearing aramid fibers and sealing polyester films.
  • Composite materials are usually problematic in the case of disposal.
  • Translucent, unreinforced films are an example of membranes which are unavailable for many applications because they do not meet primary material requirements such as elasticity and tensile strength, although use due to secondary material properties such as transparency in this example would be desirable ,
  • the object of the present invention is the provision of pressure bodies using unarmed gas-tight membranes, which are unreinforced too stretchable or too little tear resistant for an intended application, for example, because the pressure in the interior of the pressure body is too high, or the membrane has too large Völbungsradien and thus too high stresses occur in the membrane.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a pressure hull 1 as isometry.
  • a cylindrical pressure body 1 consists of a hollow body 2, a net 3 and two end pieces 4.
  • the hollow body 2 is enclosed by the shaping net 3.
  • the end pieces 4 form the conclusion of the pressure hull 1 on both sides.
  • the net 3 forming a hose is fastened to the two end pieces 4.
  • the hollow body 2 is made of a gas-tight unreinforced membrane 5, for example, a crystal clear PU or PVC film.
  • the end pieces 4 may be, for example, rigid plates made of plastic, glass or metal.
  • the net 3 of the above embodiment is shown schematically.
  • the net 3 is made of a plurality of tension elements 6, which run substantially parallel to each other when the net 3 in the longitudinal direction or x-direction stretched.
  • tension elements 6, for example, plastic, wire ropes, wires, cables or cords can be used.
  • the adjacent tension elements 6 are selectively connected to each other at intervals d i by means of connecting elements 8 and form at these points network node 7.
  • connecting elements 8 for example, press sleeves or other clamping elements can be used.
  • the tension elements 6 can also be knotted or welded together in the network node 7, for example. Connecting elements 8 are in these cases, the cable knots or welding points.
  • the network 3 off Fig. 2 is bent tubular and the network nodes 7 on the long sides of the network 3 are connected to each other (A-A ', B-B', ).
  • the result is a tubular stocking-like network 3, in which now the hollow body 2 can be inserted from an elastic membrane 5.
  • the hollow body 2 consists of a cylinder jacket-shaped membrane 5, which is connected in a gastight manner with the end pieces 4 and together with these form the hollow body 2.
  • the circumference of the cylindrical pressure body 1 increases, while its length L is shortened until it reaches the in Fig. 1 has taken schematically represented form.
  • the pressure body 1 assumes a defined by the network 3 equilibrium state, which is characterized by a maximum volume enclosed by the network 3 V max .
  • the associated changes in the radius and the length L of the pressure hull 1 when assuming the equilibrium state are in Fig. 1 indicated by arrows. If the radius increases, the length L decreases at the same time and vice versa. This equilibrium state can be calculated.
  • a surface line 12 is parallel to the axis of rotation 13 located.
  • the tension elements cut this generatrix 12 at an angle ⁇ .
  • a maximum value of the volume V max exists.
  • a simple calculation shows that the hollow body 2 assumes its maximum volume V max when the tension elements 6 have an optimum constant pitch ⁇ of approximately 55 ° with respect to a surface line 12. If the cylinder in a first initial configuration is shorter and of greater circumference than in the equilibrium state, the pitch ⁇ is greater than 55 ° - the pressure body 1 expands in the longitudinal direction and assumes the equilibrium state. If the cylinder is longer in a second initial configuration and of smaller circumference than in the equilibrium state, the pitch ⁇ is smaller than 55 ° - the pressure body 1 contracts in the longitudinal direction and again assumes the equilibrium state with a maximum volume V max .
  • loxodromes Lines intersecting the generatrices 12 with constant pitch ⁇ are called loxodromes.
  • the spiral lines 14 formed by the connected tension elements 6 are thus loxodromes.
  • Loxodromes are usually on a double-curved surface, such as a spherical surface, not like orthodromes part of a large circle and therefore generally do not represent the shortest connection between two points.
  • Fig. 3 schematically shows a section of a section through a constricted by tension elements 6 membrane. 5
  • the stress ⁇ is proportional to ⁇ p ⁇ R ( ⁇ : circulating tension of the diaphragm 5 [N / m]; ⁇ p: overpressure in the hollow body 2 [Pa]; R: radius of a diaphragm 5 [m]).
  • the interaction of a network 3 with an elastic membrane 5 represents a partial separation of functions for a shell of a pressure body 1.
  • the network formed of tension elements 6 3 assumes the essential tensile stresses in the shell of the pressure hull 1 and the membrane 5 seals the net 3 gas-tight. In extreme cases, this results in a physical separation of the two functions of a shell of a pressure hull 1: shaping by absorbing tensile stresses and sealing against gas loss.
  • Fig. 5 is a simplified network 3 with a few network nodes 7 for a spindle-shaped pressure body 1 shown schematically.
  • the distances d i between the network node 7, also called mesh length take from the two ends towards the center towards (d 1 ⁇ d 2 ⁇ d 3 ).
  • the circumference of the pressurized pressure body 1 is no longer constant in the equilibrium state, but varies along its longitudinal direction.
  • Fig. 6 shows a third embodiment of a pressure hull 1, in which again the mesh length d i varies in the longitudinal direction. The mesh length d i decreases from the end pieces 4 towards the middle.
  • Fig. 7 schematically shows a fourth embodiment of a pressure hull 1 as isometry and Fig. 8 schematically shows the associated open network 3.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 in each case only a part of the network 3 is shown.
  • the embodiment shows the effect of varying the mesh length d i in the circumferential direction (y direction) (d 1 ⁇ d 2 ⁇ d 3 ).
  • this also leads to the tension elements 6 having to become longer in the region of the larger mesh lengths d i Fig. 8 For example, towards the top and bottom of the network 3 out.
  • tension elements 6 can be guided in parallel in the circumferential direction instead of in the longitudinal direction, whereby again a plurality of equally long tension elements 6 can be used. Pulling elements 6 of equal length can also be used if they are guided around the hollow body 2 as spiral lines 14.
  • the Fig. 10 schematically shows various ways in which the tension elements 6 can be performed in the network 3.
  • Drawn off fat is the variant with traction elements 6 which are guided parallel in the longitudinal direction x, the dotted variant with traction elements 6 guided in the circumferential direction y and bold dashed finally a variant with traction elements 6 running along the spiral lines 14; wherein in each case two traction elements 6 intersect at each network node 7 in the case of traction elements 6 running as spiral lines 14.
  • Another possibility is the formation of the network 3 from a plurality of short tension elements 6 with the lengths d i , which extend from network node 7 to network node 7 and are interconnected by connecting elements 8.
  • the tail 4 for example, not from a plate, but only from a wire loop to which the network 3 is attached.
  • the nets 3 can also be implemented with other mesh geometries, for example with triangles, rectangles, hexagons or other polygons.
  • tension elements 6 can end in the middle of the network 3 in a network node 7, for example, because without reducing the tension elements 6 in certain geometries, the mesh length d i of the network 7 would be too small.
  • such nets 3 are more complicated to manufacture than nets 3 with continuous, optimally even equal length pulling elements 6.
  • the Fig. 14 shows a first example of use for pressure hull 1 according to the first two embodiments.
  • the network 3 can be formed of tension elements 6 along width and length circles.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Corps de pression (1) comprenant un corps creux (2) étanche au gaz et pouvant être alimenté en pression, fabriqué à partir d'une membrane (5), caractérisé en ce que,
    le corps creux (2) est englobé par un filet (3) en forme de flexible, le réseau étant constitué d'éléments de traction (6), qui, pour leur part, sont reliés les uns aux autres par adhérence dans des noeuds de filet (7) au moyen d'éléments de réseau (8) et forment ainsi des mailles avec une largeur de maille prédéfinie, entre lesquelles la membrane (5) peut s'incurver, de telle sorte que la tension dans la membrane (5) se réduit de façon prédéfinie pour une surpression Δ p uniforme, et le filet (3) étant tendu par le corps creux (2) alimenté en pression.
  2. Corps de pression (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que,
    deux pièces d'extrémité (4) sont présentes, au moyen desquelles les ouvertures du filet (3) en forme de flexible sont terminées.
  3. Corps de pression (1) selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que
    chaque élément de traction (6) est fixé sur les deux pièces d'extrémité (4).
  4. Corps de pression (1) selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que
    chaque élément de traction (6) est disposé en forme de zigzag.
  5. Corps de pression (1) selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que
    chaque élément de traction (6) est agencé le long d'une ligne spirale (14) et les éléments de traction (6) se croisent et se recroisent dans chaque noeud de filet (7).
  6. Corps de pression (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que
    les deux extrémités de chaque élément de traction (6) sont reliées les unes aux autres et les éléments de traction (6), fermés pour former une bague, comprennent le corps creux (2) dans le sens périphérique.
  7. Corps de pression (1) selon les revendications 3 et 6.
  8. Corps de pression (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le filet (3) présente dans le sens de la longueur x largeurs de maille di différentes.
  9. Corps de pression (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le filet (3) présente y différentes largeurs de maille di dans le sens périphérique y.
  10. Corps de pression (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la membrane (5) est claire comme le verre ou transparente.
  11. Corps de pression (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un cadre (9), sur lequel le filet (3) est fixé, est présent autour du corps de pression (1), l'extension du cadre (9) étant au moins aussi grand que l'extension du corps de pression (1) perpendiculairement au cadre (9).
  12. Utilisation d'un corps de pression (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11
    comme corps creux dans des composants pneumatiques avec au moins une barre de pression (10) et au moins un élément de traction (11).
EP05809874A 2004-12-08 2005-12-02 Corps sous pression a renforcement de membrane externe Not-in-force EP1819879B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH20312004 2004-12-08
PCT/CH2005/000719 WO2006060927A1 (fr) 2004-12-08 2005-12-02 Corps sous pression a renforcement de membrane externe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1819879A1 EP1819879A1 (fr) 2007-08-22
EP1819879B1 true EP1819879B1 (fr) 2009-09-30

Family

ID=34974229

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05809874A Not-in-force EP1819879B1 (fr) 2004-12-08 2005-12-02 Corps sous pression a renforcement de membrane externe

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1819879B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE444400T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502005008254D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006060927A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2907421B1 (fr) * 2006-10-19 2009-06-05 Airbus France Sas Element de panneau deformable et panneau le comprenant
FR3018836A1 (fr) * 2014-03-18 2015-09-25 Decathlon Sa Enveloppe gonflable, procede de fabrication d'une telle enveloppe gonflable et dispositif, notamment article de sport, comprenant une telle enveloppe gonflable
US10518861B2 (en) 2016-11-03 2019-12-31 Lockheed Martin Corporation Continuous fiber reinforcement for airship construction
CN113322762B (zh) * 2021-07-05 2022-04-19 刘斌 公路工程桥梁施工桥面混凝土养护装置

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2325579A1 (fr) * 1973-12-13 1977-04-22 Guigan Jean Convoyeur de charges
SU1762358A1 (ru) * 1990-09-13 1992-09-15 Войсковая часть 45807-Р/П Надувной рефлектор
JPH0518045A (ja) * 1991-07-08 1993-01-26 Hitachi Zosen Corp 筒状構造体の内筒膜製造方法
US5421128A (en) * 1994-01-14 1995-06-06 Sharpless; Garrett C. Curved, inflated, tubular beam
US6061969A (en) * 1997-02-11 2000-05-16 Leary; Jeremiah E. Inflatable greenhouse
JPH11256880A (ja) * 1998-03-13 1999-09-21 Takenaka Komuten Co Ltd テンションリングを利用した空気膜構造物
CA2374645C (fr) * 2000-03-27 2009-05-26 Mauro Pedretti Element constitutif pneumatique
CA2518970C (fr) * 2003-03-21 2012-11-13 Prospective Concepts Ag Corps de sustentation pour dirigeable

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1819879A1 (fr) 2007-08-22
DE502005008254D1 (de) 2009-11-12
ATE444400T1 (de) 2009-10-15
WO2006060927A1 (fr) 2006-06-15

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