EP1818645B1 - Viseur amélioré à point rouge mobile - Google Patents
Viseur amélioré à point rouge mobile Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1818645B1 EP1818645B1 EP07075041A EP07075041A EP1818645B1 EP 1818645 B1 EP1818645 B1 EP 1818645B1 EP 07075041 A EP07075041 A EP 07075041A EP 07075041 A EP07075041 A EP 07075041A EP 1818645 B1 EP1818645 B1 EP 1818645B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sighting device
- target
- light source
- reticle
- collimator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008485 antagonism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G1/00—Sighting devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G1/00—Sighting devices
- F41G1/30—Reflecting-sights specially adapted for smallarms or ordnance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G1/00—Sighting devices
- F41G1/32—Night sights, e.g. luminescent
- F41G1/34—Night sights, e.g. luminescent combined with light source, e.g. spot light
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41G—WEAPON SIGHTS; AIMING
- F41G1/00—Sighting devices
- F41G1/46—Sighting devices for particular applications
- F41G1/48—Sighting devices for particular applications for firing grenades from rifles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a movable red dot sight.
- the technique of the Red Point (fixed) for aiming at the rifle or the handgun has been known for a long time. It consists in projecting, through the aiming optics, a point - or more generally a luminous reticle - in such a way that the shooter only has to visually align this point on the target to obtain an accurate shot, without parallax. This is done traditionally using a concave lens serving as a semi-transparent mirror, said lens collimating a point light source located on the side of the eye of the shooter. Such a device is described in the US Patent 3,963,356 .
- the direction defined by the beam of the collimated red dot gives the direction of the line of sight, so that if the shooter aligns the red dot on the target, it is supposed to be reached by firing the rifle or of the point weapon.
- the viewfinder must be simbleaut on the rifle, ie that it be set on the weapon in such a way that the line of sight corresponds to the axis of the shot.
- the US Patent 4,402,605 describes a device that allows the simbleautage of the viewfinder; it consists of a secondary optics whose vertical and horizontal displacement relative to the primary optics can simbleauter the line of sight, respectively in elevation and azimuth.
- the US Patent 5,369,888 which forms a starting point for claim 1, describes a variant of a red-point viewfinder in which the simbleautage is obtained by adjusting the inclination of the collimating lens, by acting on the elasticity of the support thereof, using a set screw.
- the actual color of the reticle may be different as long as it is visible.
- the red dot is not necessarily punctual.
- the term “red dot” will therefore be used in the broad sense to designate the light reticle, the viewfinder can use any visible light source and any form of reticle.
- red dot technique to firing munitions that have a non-ballistic trajectory tense, as in the case of grenades shooting, requires the realization of a movable red point whose height position must be adapted, according to the distance of the target, so that the shooter obtains the correct elevation of his weapon by aligning this point thus moved on the target.
- red dot sights that have been proposed so far for the firing of curved trajectory ammunition are generally based on the use of an LCD display or a row of LEDs placed in the local plane. a lens, and whose moving image is superimposed on the field of view of the shooter by a system of mirror or fixed prism and semi-transparent separating blade.
- the dots on the display or the LED array are remote from the optical axis, and the rays that result are subject to geometric aberrations and parallax errors that requires additional corrective optics or additional device, which further increases the size and weight of the viewfinder.
- a disadvantage of such a bulky type of viewfinder is that it is not very compatible with its use on a light individual weapon.
- FIG. 1 Another disadvantage of such a viewfinder is that, when placed on the top rail of a rifle, it is generally incompatible with the use of an outer bezel or sighting with two open eyes.
- the object of the invention is to avoid one or more of the aforesaid drawbacks and to provide a movable red dot sight with reduced dimensions that can be used on an individual weapon.
- a movable red dot sight comprising a fixed light source and a reflective plate, the light source generating a collimated light beam which is projected on the reflecting plate to materialize a red dot or reticle visible to the shooter by reflection on the reflecting plate, the beam being projected on the reflecting plate by means of a rotating mirror whose angle of inclination with respect to the light beam is adjustable.
- the shooter To target a target, the shooter observes the target while seeking the elevation of his weapon for which the red dot is aligned with the target, sign that the weapon is in the correct shooting position.
- the shooter can aim with two eyes open, observing the target next to the blade with one eye and the red dot projected on the blade with the other eye.
- the reflective plate is preferably, however, a semi-transparent splitter blade, which allows the shooter to observe the target and the red dot through the splitter plate with one eye while also allowing a two-eyed open shot according to the preference of the shooter.
- the viewfinder comprises a device for adjusting the angle of inclination of the rotating mirror with respect to the light beam, allowing adjustment of the viewfinder by adjusting the angle of the mirror according to the distance of the target and the type of ammunition.
- the Figures 1 and 2 represent an improved viewfinder 1 with moving red dot which comprises a housing 2 intended to be mounted on a weapon 3, the housing 2 lengthening longitudinally substantially parallel to the axis of the barrel of the weapon 2.
- a fixed light source 4 generating a collimated light beam 5 whose optical axis XX 'is in this case parallel to the axis of the barrel of the weapon 3.
- the light source 4 is a collimator composed of a convergent lens 6 and a lamp or other light source 7, which is of the order of a tenth of a millimeter, located at the focus. 8 of the lens 6 and generating the red dot.
- the collimated light beam 5 has a diameter A of the order of 15 to 20 millimeters, advantageously having transverse dimensions of width and height of the viewfinder 1 reduced compared to known viewfinders.
- a mirror 9 is placed in the collimated beam 5 at an angle B with respect to the optical axis X-X 'of the generated light beam 5.
- the mirror 9 is rotatably mounted in the housing 2 and is fixed for this purpose on a transverse axis 10 rotatably mounted between the side walls 11 of the housing 2.
- An end 12 of the axis 10 of the mirror 9 passes through one of the side walls 11 of the housing 2 and carries a device 13 for adjusting the inclination angle B of the rotating mirror 9 with respect to the generated light beam 5, for example under form of a rotary knob that will allow the shooter to position the mirror 9 according to the distance of the target.
- the adjustment knob 14 will advantageously be equipped with a scale 15 representing the distance from the target.
- the light beam 5 is projected through a window 16 into the casing 2 on a reflecting plate 17 to materialize a red dot or visible reticle for the shooter in the reflecting plate 17 which is mounted on an end 18 of the casing 2 at a fixed angle C, 45 ° for example, with respect to the optical axis XX 'of the generated light beam 5.
- the reflecting plate 17 is mounted on the housing 2 by means of a rotation hinge 19 which makes it possible to fold down the reflecting plate 17 on the housing 2 of the viewfinder 1 when the latter is not in position. function, so as to reduce the bulk of the assembly.
- the reflecting plate 17 is preferably a separating plate which is semi-transparent.
- viewfinder 1 The use and operation of viewfinder 1 are as follows.
- the angle of repose B of the mirror 9 is preferably 45 °.
- the angle D is at this moment 0 °.
- the shooter 18 makes an estimate of the target distance and adjusts the proper inclination B of the mirror 9 by using the distance control knob 14.
- the light beam 5 is projected onto the reflecting plate 17 and is reflected as illustrated in FIG. figure 3 towards the shooter to materialize a red dot or reticle that the shooter can observe to infinity when the shooter's eye is in the light beam reflected by the reflecting plate 17.
- the deviation of the angle D of the beam is twice that of the angle B of the mirror 9. In other words, if the mirror 9 rotates for example by 15 ° with respect to the position of rest of 45 °, the angle D goes from 0 ° to 30 °.
- the inclination B of the mirror a function of the distance of the target, thus determines the angle D under which the red point is seen by the shooter, and therefore the elevation angle E which is given to the weapon 3, as represented in the figure 3 , when the shooter aligns the red dot or the reticle on the target 21 which, in the case where the reflecting plate 17 is a semi-transparent separating plate, is visible through this blade 17.
- the shooter In the case where the reflective plate is not semi-transparent, the shooter must aim both eyes open to observe the target with one eye and the red point with the other.
- the shooter can always aim both eyes open.
- An advantage of the viewfinder 1 according to the invention is that, the quasi-point light source 7 being always located at the focus 8 of the collimator lens 6, the geometric aberrations are reduced, and the lens 6 can have a small aperture and therefore a relatively small diameter and focal length.
- the transverse dimensions of the viewfinder 1, determined by the diameter A of the collimated beam, can therefore be small.
- the device 13 for setting the mirror 9 is achieved by a motor controlled by a ballistic computer, not shown in the figures, for automatic adjustment.
- This calculator when it is communicated the distance of the target 21, calculates the angle B to give the mirror 9 and actuates the positioning motor.
- the computer can perform the ballistic calculation determining the elevation angle E, taking into account the characteristics of ammunition fired.
- the computer can also be associated with a rangefinder which automatically measures the distance of the target 21 when it is actuated by the shooter.
- the disadvantage of the viewfinder 1 as shown, is that the small diameter of the collimator, and therefore of the collimated beam, has the consequence that the shooter will have trouble finding the angle E which brings the eye 20 into the beam 5, otherwise said, to find the red dot.
- the viewfinder 1 can be adapted as follows.
- a first adaptation consists in placing a handlebar 22 at the point of convergence 23 of the axes of the beams reflected on the reflecting plate 17, as indicated in FIG. figure 4 .
- the point of convergence 23 corresponds in fact to the symmetrical position of the axis of rotation 10 with respect to the reflecting plate.
- a second adaptation is illustrated from the figure 5 and consists in providing a narrow reflecting plate 17, placed in a transparent matte frame diffusing with two transparent lateral strips 25 ', so that the part of the light beam incident on the reflecting plate 17 which projects beyond the reflecting plate 17 will be diffused by the frame 25 and will appear as a marker 26 in the form of a red spot visible by the shooter, regardless of the position of his eye 20.
- the figures 7 and 8 show a variant of a viewfinder 1 according to the invention, in which the mark 26 is made brighter by concentrating the lateral edges of the generated beam 5 at the location of the frame 25, for example by passing the beam 5 through two cylindrical lenses 27 positioned on either side of the optical axis XX 'of the generated beam 5, or by any other optical device.
- the concentration of the side edges of the generated beam 5 also makes the mark 26 thinner as illustrated in FIG. figure 9 , which facilitates its alignment on the handlebars 22.
- An alternative solution for focusing the light marker 26 may be created by the beam of a laser diode or laser pointer, located in the same horizontal plane as the light source 7 of the red dot, and projected parallel to the optical axis XX 'of the collimator on the diffusing matte frame 25 of the viewfinder 1.
- This laser beam can be stretched laterally by a suitable optical device, so as to form a linear mark or a line which forms the light mark (26).
- the figure 10 represents another variant in which the light source 7 of the collimator for generating the red dot or reticle is formed by an LED 28 having an intensity and an emission angle adequate, placed behind a mask 29 located at the focus 8 of the collimator and pierced with a circular hole 30 or another shape at the location of the optical axis X-X '.
- This variant makes it possible to produce a light source 7 of reduced dimensions which is important for the precision of the viewfinder 1.
- the angle under which the red dot is projected to infinity and therefore its apparent size at a determined distance is proportional to the size of the light source 7 of the collimator and inversely proportional to the focal length thereof. .
- the light source 7 has a reduced dimension so that the red dot has an apparent size compatible with the targeted target 21, 0.1 to 0.2 mm radius.
- the size of the light source 7 determines the amount of light collected by the lens 6 of the collimator, and consequently the brightness of the light marks 26 projected onto the matte frame 25 of the viewfinder 1. There is so antagonism between the requirement of a small red dot size and the need to obtain markings 26 sufficiently bright for the prior alignment of the line of sight on the handlebar 22.
- a mark or reticle of greater surface area within which the shooter will have to write the target 21 can be act, for example, two pointers 31 flanking the target 21 as illustrated in the Figures 11 to 12 , showing the perception of the reticle and the target 21 by a shooter aiming at a target at different distances, for example at 100, 200 and 300 meters respectively.
- reticle supplementary scales 32, 33 which enable the shooter to shift his firing axis in order to correct, during firing at great distances, the error of trajectory due to the rotation of the munition about its axis. , better known as Magnus effect.
- the figure 14 gives an example of reticle which comprises on a horizontal axis 34 an additional graduation 33 to be used for shooting beyond 300 meters in the case of grenades low speeds.
- the position of the reticle can also be moved perpendicularly to the optical axis by an adjustment device so as to harmonize the sight with the launcher.
- the additional advantage of using a reticle having a marked horizontal axis 34 is that it constitutes a marker that helps the shooter, when aiming, to keep his weapon in a strictly vertical position, thus avoiding the so-called "cant" errors. that occur when the weapon is tilted laterally.
- This effect can be amplified by using a free mask to pivot around the optical axis XX 'of the collimator, and weighted with an unbalance whose effect is to maintain the reticle level, "in the manner of a wire to lead".
- the inclination of the reticle with respect to the vertical axis of the diffusing frame will increase the visibility by the shooter of a possible lack of verticality of his weapon during the aiming.
- the viewfinder 1 is controlled by a ballistic computer equipped with an inclinometer that instantly measures the deflection of verticality of the weapon
- the computer can cause, by a suitable mechanism or device, an inclination of the reticle or a horizontal mark around the optical axis of the collimator proportional to the deflection of verticality of the weapon, possibly amplified with respect thereto, so as to accentuate the perception that the shooter will have when aiming.
- the masks 29 corresponding to these various reticles can be made, in particular, by photolithography, which allows dimensions of the order of one tenth of a millimeter, with resolutions of one hundredth of a millimeter.
- reticles do not necessarily have to be red, but reticles of other colors, for example yellow-green, can also give a good contrast.
- a non-monochromatic light source called "white” light, may also be used.
- housing 2 can have any shape.
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Telescopes (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Viewfinders (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
- Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Sealing With Elastic Sealing Lips (AREA)
- Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
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Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL07075041T PL1818645T3 (pl) | 2006-02-08 | 2007-01-15 | Udoskonalony celownik z czerwonym punktem ruchomym |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BE2006/0078A BE1016981A3 (fr) | 2006-02-08 | 2006-02-08 | Viseur ameliore a pont rouge mobile. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1818645A1 EP1818645A1 (fr) | 2007-08-15 |
EP1818645B1 true EP1818645B1 (fr) | 2009-12-02 |
Family
ID=37048159
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07075041A Active EP1818645B1 (fr) | 2006-02-08 | 2007-01-15 | Viseur amélioré à point rouge mobile |
Country Status (19)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20070180751A1 (pt) |
EP (1) | EP1818645B1 (pt) |
JP (1) | JP4932519B2 (pt) |
KR (1) | KR101351659B1 (pt) |
AT (1) | ATE450774T1 (pt) |
AU (1) | AU2007200399A1 (pt) |
BE (1) | BE1016981A3 (pt) |
BR (1) | BRPI0700236B1 (pt) |
CA (1) | CA2574333C (pt) |
DE (1) | DE602007003487D1 (pt) |
DK (1) | DK1818645T3 (pt) |
ES (1) | ES2336838T3 (pt) |
HK (1) | HK1107141A1 (pt) |
IL (1) | IL180753A (pt) |
NO (1) | NO339876B1 (pt) |
PL (1) | PL1818645T3 (pt) |
PT (1) | PT1818645E (pt) |
SG (1) | SG135100A1 (pt) |
ZA (1) | ZA200700501B (pt) |
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BE1018470A3 (fr) * | 2009-02-12 | 2010-12-07 | Fn Herstal Sa | Viseur a point rouge mobile ameliore. |
KR100906159B1 (ko) * | 2007-07-06 | 2009-07-03 | 정인 | 대구경 도트 사이트 장치 |
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BE1017992A3 (nl) * | 2008-02-12 | 2010-03-02 | Dumoulin Marc | Bewaarkast. |
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US8378279B2 (en) * | 2009-11-23 | 2013-02-19 | Fraser-Volpe, Llc | Portable integrated laser optical target tracker |
JP5622388B2 (ja) * | 2009-12-29 | 2014-11-12 | 株式会社ライト光機製作所 | レーザー光発生素子を用いたレチクル照明装置 |
US8172139B1 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2012-05-08 | Bitterroot Advance Ballistics Research, LLC | Ballistic ranging methods and systems for inclined shooting |
CN110220876B (zh) * | 2011-01-10 | 2022-04-26 | 伊鲁米那股份有限公司 | 用于生物或化学分析的样品的成像方法 |
US8951781B2 (en) | 2011-01-10 | 2015-02-10 | Illumina, Inc. | Systems, methods, and apparatuses to image a sample for biological or chemical analysis |
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KR101345028B1 (ko) | 2011-03-08 | 2013-12-26 | 이동희 | 디스플레이형 광학식 조준경 |
IL212109A0 (en) * | 2011-04-03 | 2011-06-30 | Ipu Ind Ltd | Firearm gun-sight |
US8769858B2 (en) * | 2012-11-02 | 2014-07-08 | Beverly A. Hafner | Method and system for aligning a point of aim with a point of impact for a projectile device |
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AU2014287499B2 (en) | 2013-07-09 | 2017-12-21 | Tactical Holographic Holdings Llc | Modular holographic sighting system |
EP3022514B1 (en) | 2013-07-15 | 2021-09-08 | Optiflow, LLC | Compact weapon sight and method of stabilizing an output wavelength of a weapon sight |
US20160169621A1 (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2016-06-16 | Amir Geva | Integrated sight and fire control computer for rifles and other firing mechanisms |
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CN107328300A (zh) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-11-07 | 山姆电器(南通)有限公司 | 一种用于瞄准镜的平动自锁调校装置 |
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MX2020009768A (es) | 2018-03-20 | 2021-01-08 | Sheltered Wings Inc D/B/A Vortex Optics | Visor óptico con una base que tiene un módulo de luz. |
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US6490060B1 (en) * | 1999-10-14 | 2002-12-03 | Eotech, Inc. | Lightweight holographic sight |
JP2003195187A (ja) * | 2001-12-26 | 2003-07-09 | Nikon Corp | ファインダ光学系 |
JP4175020B2 (ja) * | 2002-04-24 | 2008-11-05 | 株式会社ニコン | ファインダ装置 |
US7069685B2 (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2006-07-04 | Lasermax, Inc. | Diffractive head up display for firearms |
US7171776B2 (en) * | 2004-03-10 | 2007-02-06 | Raytheon Company | Weapon sight having analog on-target indicators |
US7225578B2 (en) * | 2005-01-06 | 2007-06-05 | Eotech Acquisition Corp. | Aiming sight having fixed light emitting diode (LED) array and rotatable collimator |
-
2006
- 2006-02-08 BE BE2006/0078A patent/BE1016981A3/fr active
- 2006-06-27 US US11/475,134 patent/US20070180751A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2007
- 2007-01-15 DE DE602007003487T patent/DE602007003487D1/de active Active
- 2007-01-15 PL PL07075041T patent/PL1818645T3/pl unknown
- 2007-01-15 PT PT07075041T patent/PT1818645E/pt unknown
- 2007-01-15 ES ES07075041T patent/ES2336838T3/es active Active
- 2007-01-15 EP EP07075041A patent/EP1818645B1/fr active Active
- 2007-01-15 AT AT07075041T patent/ATE450774T1/de active
- 2007-01-15 DK DK07075041.9T patent/DK1818645T3/da active
- 2007-01-17 ZA ZA200700501A patent/ZA200700501B/xx unknown
- 2007-01-17 IL IL180753A patent/IL180753A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2007-01-18 CA CA2574333A patent/CA2574333C/en active Active
- 2007-01-31 SG SG200700730-5A patent/SG135100A1/en unknown
- 2007-01-31 KR KR1020070009866A patent/KR101351659B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2007-01-31 AU AU2007200399A patent/AU2007200399A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-02-01 NO NO20070609A patent/NO339876B1/no unknown
- 2007-02-06 BR BRPI0700236A patent/BRPI0700236B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-02-08 JP JP2007029847A patent/JP4932519B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-12-19 HK HK07113880.9A patent/HK1107141A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2009
- 2009-05-05 US US12/435,528 patent/US8578646B2/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PT1818645E (pt) | 2010-03-03 |
US8578646B2 (en) | 2013-11-12 |
NO20070609L (no) | 2007-08-09 |
US20070180751A1 (en) | 2007-08-09 |
JP2007212127A (ja) | 2007-08-23 |
JP4932519B2 (ja) | 2012-05-16 |
ZA200700501B (en) | 2008-06-25 |
ES2336838T3 (es) | 2010-04-16 |
BRPI0700236E2 (pt) | 2009-10-06 |
DE602007003487D1 (de) | 2010-01-14 |
ATE450774T1 (de) | 2009-12-15 |
BRPI0700236A (pt) | 2007-11-06 |
PL1818645T3 (pl) | 2010-07-30 |
AU2007200399A1 (en) | 2007-08-23 |
CA2574333A1 (en) | 2007-08-08 |
IL180753A (en) | 2012-02-29 |
CA2574333C (en) | 2010-04-13 |
HK1107141A1 (en) | 2008-03-28 |
EP1818645A1 (fr) | 2007-08-15 |
US20090265974A1 (en) | 2009-10-29 |
KR101351659B1 (ko) | 2014-01-14 |
DK1818645T3 (da) | 2010-04-12 |
KR20070080822A (ko) | 2007-08-13 |
BE1016981A3 (fr) | 2007-11-06 |
BRPI0700236B1 (pt) | 2018-10-16 |
SG135100A1 (en) | 2007-09-28 |
IL180753A0 (en) | 2007-06-03 |
NO339876B1 (no) | 2017-02-13 |
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