EP1810251A1 - Procede et dispositif de traitement de billets de banque - Google Patents
Procede et dispositif de traitement de billets de banqueInfo
- Publication number
- EP1810251A1 EP1810251A1 EP05806355A EP05806355A EP1810251A1 EP 1810251 A1 EP1810251 A1 EP 1810251A1 EP 05806355 A EP05806355 A EP 05806355A EP 05806355 A EP05806355 A EP 05806355A EP 1810251 A1 EP1810251 A1 EP 1810251A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- banknotes
- banknote
- serial number
- serial numbers
- control device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012015 optical character recognition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D11/00—Devices accepting coins; Devices accepting, dispensing, sorting or counting valuable papers
- G07D11/20—Controlling or monitoring the operation of devices; Data handling
- G07D11/30—Tracking or tracing valuable papers or cassettes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D11/00—Devices accepting coins; Devices accepting, dispensing, sorting or counting valuable papers
- G07D11/20—Controlling or monitoring the operation of devices; Data handling
- G07D11/32—Record keeping
- G07D11/36—Auditing of activities
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
- G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
- G07D7/004—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using digital security elements, e.g. information coded on a magnetic thread or strip
- G07D7/0047—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using digital security elements, e.g. information coded on a magnetic thread or strip using checkcodes, e.g. coded numbers derived from serial number and denomination
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for processing banknotes.
- banknotes When processing banknotes, a stack of banknotes is placed in an input tray, from where the banknotes are separated. The individual bank notes are transferred to a transport system, checked by sensors and assigned to output containers as a function of the check. The banknotes are checked for authenticity, soiling, damage, type, etc., and sorted into the various output compartments depending on this. Banknotes that have not been identified unambiguously or without errors are sorted into a special output bin, a reject bin.
- DE 10239 226 A1 discloses, for example, a device and a method for checking banknotes, in which the serial numbers of the banknotes to be processed are detected by sensors and determined by a control device. From the serial number, it is determined for each banknote to which batch and / or issue the respective bank note belongs. Depending on the charge and / or emission, reference data for the processing of the respective banknote are selected, which take into account the specific properties of the respective batch and / or emission, whereby the overall quality of the processing of the bank notes is increased.
- serial numbers of banknotes in the processing of banknotes determined and used for the editing process or other operations eg. As the tracking of banknotes, it is of the utmost importance to determine the serial numbers correctly and without errors. If the serial number is not recognized correctly, the editing process as well as the other processes are considerably impaired or impossible.
- the invention is based on separating the banknotes for processing banknotes, transporting the separated banknotes through a sensor device to a plurality of output units, checking the banknotes by evaluating data and determining and storing serial numbers of the banknotes, whereupon the Depending on the result of the check, banknotes are trans ported into the output units, with a unique serial number being determined for each banknote when determining the serial numbers of the banknotes.
- the advantage of the invention is to be seen in particular in the fact that by specifying a unique serial number for each banknote processed, a secure assignment of all processed banknotes is possible because they are individualisert on the clearly defined serial numbers and thus can be distinguished from each other at any time, whereby insge - including the processing of banknotes is improved.
- the processing of banknotes should also be improved in the event that disturbances occur during the processing of the banknotes.
- the development envisages storing the sequence of the determined serial numbers of the banknotes. For a secure Ragverfol ⁇ tion and assignment of processed banknotes is also possible if the processing is affected by disturbances.
- FIG. 1 shows a basic structure of a Banknotenbearbeitungsmaschi ⁇ ne for the processing of banknotes
- FIG. 2 shows a determination of a serial number of a banknote.
- FIG. 1 shows a basic structure of a bank note processing machine 100 for processing banknotes.
- the bank-note processing machine 100 has an input unit 110 into which the banknotes or deposits are inserted. Connected to the input unit 110 is a singler 111, which extracts individual banknotes from the input unit 110 and transmits them individually to a transport system 120.
- the transport system 120 transports the individual banknotes by a sensor device 112, which uses sensors to determine data from the banknotes which, for example, make it possible to draw conclusions about the characteristics of the respective banknote, such as authenticity, state, type, ie their currency and denomination, etc.
- the ascertained data of the banknote are transferred to a control device 140, which evaluates the data by means of stored reference data and assigns the determined properties, such as currency, denomination, authenticity, state, etc., to each processed banknote.
- the control device 140 acts on switches 121 to 124, which are part of the transport system 120 and allow the bank notes to be deposited in output units 130 to 138 in accordance with the determined properties.
- the output units 130 to 137 can be designed, for example, as spiral slot stackers which stack the bank notes to be deposited by means of rotating units 130, 132, 134, 136, which have spiral compartments, in trays 131, 133, 135, 137.
- the output unit 138 may be formed as a shredder, z. B. to destroy banknotes no longer suitable for banknotes.
- the operation of the banknote processing machine 100 is controlled by means of an input / output device 150, which z. B. has a display and / or a printer and a keyboard or a touch screen auf ⁇ .
- the sensor device 112 may include a sensor that generates an image of the respective banknote, for. B. a CCD sensor whose data are passed to wei ⁇ further evaluation to the controller 140. So that the serial number can always be recognized independently of the position of the banknotes, the sensor device 112 can also display a second CCD. Sensor included, wherein the two CCD sensors are arranged such that they detect both sides of the respective banknote. In a first step, the control device 140 determines an area of the banknote having the serial number. This can be done, for example, by determining currency and denomination, since then the position of the serial number within the banknote is known.
- the controller 140 determines the serial number. For this purpose, for example, known methods for recognizing characters can be used. The thus determined serial number can be used for further processing. In addition, the determined properties of the respective banknote, such as authenticity, state, currency, number of pieces, etc., can be assigned to the serial number and stored in the control device 140 for further processing together with the serial number.
- the banknote processing machine 100 may include detectors 161-166, e.g. B. Photocells.
- the light barriers 161 to 166 are arranged along the transport system 120 and make it possible to monitor the proper processing of the individual banknotes in the banknote processing machine 100, from the input unit 110 to the output units 130 to 137 or to the shredder 138 the signals of the light barriers 161 to 166 are evaluated by the control device 140. If a malfunction is detected or suspected, the control device 140 can process the further processing of the banknotes by the banknotes. stop processing machine 100.
- the separator 111 and optionally also the transport system 120, are stopped. It can also be provided that, when a malfunction occurs, the banknotes in the transport system 120 are transported to one of the dispensing units 130 to 137 , which is used as mulchfungsf ach, so that these notes separately z. B. can be edited by a Cons ⁇ person.
- Such a malfunction may be, for example, a jam of the banknotes in the transport system 120.
- a jam is detected by the controller 140 when z. B. an expected signal of one of the light barriers 161 to 166 fails after a predetermined period or if one of the photoelectric sensors 161 to 166 outputs a continuous signal.
- the banknotes in the transport system 120 are then removed, for example, by the operator and processed separately.
- the operating person can display the serial numbers and the properties associated with the serial numbers, such as authenticity, condition, currency, denomination, etc., of the respectively associated banknote by means of the display of the input / output device 150 ,
- the operator can identify the affected banknotes by means of their serial numbers and process them as intended, for example assigning them to a specific output unit.
- the original sequence of the banknotes can also be restored.
- the operator reads the serial numbers from the banknotes and compares them with the sequence of the stored serial numbers. This is particularly important when various deposits are processed simultaneously with the banknote processing machine 100, to be able to assign the banknotes to the respective deposit.
- the different deposits can be separated from one another by separation cards.
- the detectors 161 to 166 can capture the serial numbers of the banknotes to be processed, eg. B. as described above in connection with the sensor device 112.
- the path of each individual banknote during processing in the bank-note processing machine 100 can be monitored continuously by the control device 140.
- the detector 166 mounted directly in front of the shredder 138 it is possible in this case not only to ascertain that a banknote is being delivered for destruction, but the identity of the banknote can be ascertained on the basis of the serial number.
- serial numbers of banknotes are problematic, e.g. B. because the serial number is partially hidden.
- a banknote 10 with a serial number 20 is shown by way of example. A part of the Serien ⁇ number 20 is more or less heavily obscured by a spot 30, wes ⁇ half the detection of the serial number 20 is not possible.
- the data of the image of the banknote 10 are transmitted from the sensor device 112 to the control device 140.
- a first step a the controller 140 determines the position and the area 40 of the serial number 20 within the banknote 10, for B. as described above.
- a serial number 50 from the image or the previously determined region 40 is determined by means of a method for recognizing characters (OCR: optical character recognition).
- OCR optical character recognition
- the ascertained serial number 50 is stored in a database 60 of the control device 140 for further processing.
- further information concerning the serial number 20 or the respective banknote 10 can be stored. For example, it can be stored how well the serial number 20 could be read or recognized.
- a readability or recognizability information L may, for. B. be stored as a percentage. If the readability or recognizability lies below a certain threshold value, eg. B. 50%, in addition, another bank note 10 characterizing information B can be stored. This can be the image of the banknote 10 or a part of the image of the banknote 10, in particular the area 40 identified for the serial number 20.
- the properties of the banknotes described above can also be stored in the database 60 and used with the respective serial number, which is determined by the control device 140 from the data of the sensor device 112. Likewise, data of the sensor device 112 can be stored for each banknote.
- a special algorithm can be used. This generates from the image information contained in the data of the sensor device 112 (with spot) a clear identification, which can consist of alphanumeric rows.
- the special algorithm the range 40 of the serial number 20 z. B. split into individual rectangles. Within each rectangle, the image information contained therein becomes the brightness mean value is obtained and then normalized to a single digit or a character. Instead of the brightness mean other evaluations are conceivable, such. B. the most common brightness value in a rectangle or the like.
- z For example, because part of the serial number 20 is obscured by a spot 30 and can not or not completely be recognized, an individual and unique identifier 50 may be given instead of the procedure described above in that a random sequence of alphanumeric ⁇ character is generated, z. B. a random number.
- This unambiguous identification 50 differs in particular from all the previously determined serial numbers stored in the database 60, including previously assigned unique identifiers. In this way, it is ensured that the characteristics of the banknote 10 associated with the unique identifier 50 assigned in this way can be unambiguously associated with the corresponding banknote 10 during a later check.
- At least the image or the determined region 40 is stored in the database 60 together with this unique identifier 50 in order to be able to identify the banknote 10 during the particular processing on the basis of the stored image or detected region 40.
- a further improvement of the recognition of the serial numbers of banknotes can be achieved if check numbers contained in the serial numbers be evaluated remotely by the controller 140. This can also be done in addition to the procedure described above.
- the check digit By evaluating the check digit, it can be determined whether the recognized serial number is a permissible serial number. This ensures that the serial number has been correctly recognized by the control device 140. If, however, it is determined that the recognized serial number is not a permissible serial number, then - as described above - a unique identifier 50 can be assigned and stored together with at least the detected area 40. Certain check digit systems also allow one or more erroneously recognized digits and / or characters of the serial number recognized by the controller 140 to be corrected. As a result, it is alternatively or additionally possible to assign a unique identifier 50 instead of incorrectly recognized serial numbers, to correct the incorrect serial numbers.
- a checksum on the digits of the serial number is formed. If the cross sum has more than one digit, a cross sum is formed until the cross sum is a one-digit number. This is then compared with the check digit. If the checksum and check digit match, the serial number is correct.
- letters can also be included in the serial number, for which purpose the letters are assigned a specific value or a specific number, eg. For example, the place in the alphabet, so 1 for A, 2 for B, etc.
- a further improvement of the recognition of the serial numbers is possible if a serial number 20, 20 'is applied several times to the banknote 10.
- the multiply applied serial numbers 20, 20 ' can be determined by the control device 140 in the manner described above and compared by the controller 140. In case of deviations, there is a forgery or counterfeit banknote.
- a deviation may be indicative of a forgery created from multiple genuine banknotes, with the real banknotes being cut and glued together again.
- the banknotes are cut so zer ⁇ that the glued fakes are slightly smaller than a genuine banknote, which makes it possible, for.
- 20 banknotes 21 fakes to assemble which usually have different serial numbers 20, 20 '.
- the occurrence of a deviation can also indicate a faulty recognition of one of the serial numbers 20, 20 'by the control device 140.
- Can z. B. by checking other features of the bill to be excluded that it is a forgery, it is possible mög ⁇ Lich make a correction of the erroneously recognized serial number by minde ⁇ least a second, correctly recognized serial number, since by the presence of several serial numbers 20 , 20 'more data for the evaluation by the controller 140 are available.
- banknotes instead of banknotes, other documents of value such as checks, tickets, vouchers, divider cards, etc., can also be processed if they have an individualization comparable to the serial number of banknotes.
- processing of banknotes was explained by means of a bank-note processing machine which is suitable for checking and sorting banknotes. It is obvious that the described processing and recognition of serial numbers is also suitable for other Bankno ⁇ tenbearbeitungsmaschinen in which serial numbers are detected, for. B. banknote processing machines for the deposit and / or disbursement of banknotes, etc.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
- Inspection Of Paper Currency And Valuable Securities (AREA)
- Controlling Sheets Or Webs (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004049209A DE102004049209A1 (de) | 2004-10-08 | 2004-10-08 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung für die Bearbeitung von Banknoten |
PCT/EP2005/010901 WO2006040117A1 (fr) | 2004-10-08 | 2005-10-10 | Procede et dispositif de traitement de billets de banque |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1810251A1 true EP1810251A1 (fr) | 2007-07-25 |
EP1810251B1 EP1810251B1 (fr) | 2011-07-06 |
Family
ID=35517476
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05806355A Active EP1810251B1 (fr) | 2004-10-08 | 2005-10-10 | Procede et dispositif de traitement de billets de banque |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9123192B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1810251B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE515756T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE102004049209A1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2372661C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2006040117A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2816534B1 (fr) | 2012-02-13 | 2019-01-02 | Glory Ltd. | Dispositif et procédé de traitement de billet de banque |
EP2346006B1 (fr) * | 2008-09-22 | 2020-12-30 | Glory Ltd. | Dispositif de gestion de feuille, procédé de gestion de feuille et programme de gestion de feuille |
Families Citing this family (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20090144162A1 (en) * | 2007-11-29 | 2009-06-04 | Neil Milne | Transaction Security Method and Apparatus |
DE102008048768A1 (de) * | 2008-09-24 | 2010-03-25 | Frank Baldewsingh | Vorrichtung zur Erfassung von Geldscheinen |
DE102009034065A1 (de) | 2009-07-22 | 2011-01-27 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Verfahren für die Bearbeitung von Banknoten |
WO2011024305A1 (fr) | 2009-08-31 | 2011-03-03 | グローリー株式会社 | Dispositif de traitement de feuilles de papier et procédé de traitement de feuilles de papier |
DE102009044881A1 (de) | 2009-12-14 | 2011-06-16 | Wincor Nixdorf International Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Rückverfolgung von Banknoten |
EP2590147A4 (fr) * | 2010-06-29 | 2013-11-20 | Glory Kogyo Kk | Dispositif, système et procédé de traitement de billets de banque |
CN101916470B (zh) * | 2010-08-03 | 2013-04-24 | 广州广电运通金融电子股份有限公司 | 纸质有价文件识别方法及其识别系统 |
DE102010045879A1 (de) * | 2010-09-17 | 2012-03-22 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Verfahren für die Bearbeitung von Banknoten |
DE102010046115A1 (de) * | 2010-09-21 | 2012-03-22 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Verfahren für die Überwachung des Transports von Banknoten |
JP5762830B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-07 | 2015-08-12 | グローリー株式会社 | 紙葉類処理装置及び方法 |
CN104115194B (zh) * | 2012-03-22 | 2016-09-07 | 光荣株式会社 | 纸张号码读取系统以及纸张号码读取方法 |
EP2863367A4 (fr) * | 2012-06-13 | 2016-01-27 | Glory Kogyo Kk | Appareil de traitement de billets |
JP5749688B2 (ja) * | 2012-06-18 | 2015-07-15 | 日立オムロンターミナルソリューションズ株式会社 | 紙幣取扱装置 |
JP5565437B2 (ja) * | 2012-07-10 | 2014-08-06 | 沖電気工業株式会社 | 情報処理装置および情報処理システム |
RU2608357C2 (ru) * | 2012-07-24 | 2017-01-18 | Глори Лтд. | Устройство для обработки банкнот и способ обработки банкнот |
JP2015095154A (ja) * | 2013-11-13 | 2015-05-18 | 株式会社東芝 | 紙葉類処理装置 |
DE102014001760A1 (de) * | 2014-02-10 | 2015-08-13 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Verfahren und System zur Bearbeitung von Wertdokumenten |
JP6260402B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-28 | 2018-01-17 | 沖電気工業株式会社 | 紙幣処理装置 |
JP6527671B2 (ja) * | 2014-07-10 | 2019-06-05 | グローリー株式会社 | 紙葉類管理装置、紙葉類処理システム及び紙葉類管理方法 |
CN104616009B (zh) * | 2015-02-13 | 2018-05-18 | 广州广电运通金融电子股份有限公司 | 一种字符切割识别方法 |
JP2017004154A (ja) * | 2015-06-08 | 2017-01-05 | ローレル精機株式会社 | 紙幣処理装置 |
DE102019008513A1 (de) * | 2019-12-06 | 2021-06-10 | Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bearbeitung von Wertdokumenten, insbesondere Banknoten, sowie Wertdokumentbearbeitungssystem |
US20240212412A1 (en) | 2022-12-21 | 2024-06-27 | Arca Technologies S.R.L. | Process for self-recovering from document processing disturbances |
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US5748763A (en) * | 1993-11-18 | 1998-05-05 | Digimarc Corporation | Image steganography system featuring perceptually adaptive and globally scalable signal embedding |
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US7513413B2 (en) * | 1996-11-15 | 2009-04-07 | Diebold, Incorporated | Correlation of suspect currency note received by ATM to the note depositor |
US6212285B1 (en) * | 1998-04-15 | 2001-04-03 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Method and apparatus for multi-bit zoned data hiding in printed images |
DE19824435A1 (de) * | 1998-05-30 | 1999-12-02 | Emt Werkzeug Und Formenbau Gmb | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Prüfung und/oder Registrierung von Banknoten oder dgl. |
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US6731785B1 (en) * | 1999-07-26 | 2004-05-04 | Cummins-Allison Corp. | Currency handling system employing an infrared authenticating system |
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RU31015U1 (ru) | 2001-01-23 | 2003-07-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "ЭлиПС" | Устройство защиты информации, хранящейся в компьютере и/или на машиночитаемом носителе |
JP2004529565A (ja) * | 2001-04-27 | 2004-09-24 | アルファロジックス カンパニー リミティッド | 画素の基本要素を利用した暗号化/復号化装置及びその方法とそれを利用した暗復号化システム及びその方法 |
US7502937B2 (en) * | 2001-04-30 | 2009-03-10 | Digimarc Corporation | Digital watermarking security systems |
DE10215006A1 (de) * | 2002-04-05 | 2003-10-30 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Verfahren und System zur Bearbeitung von Banknoten |
US20040001606A1 (en) * | 2002-06-28 | 2004-01-01 | Levy Kenneth L. | Watermark fonts |
DE10239226A1 (de) * | 2002-08-27 | 2004-03-04 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren für die Prüfung von Banknoten |
DE602004000494T2 (de) * | 2003-01-08 | 2006-09-07 | Glory Ltd. | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Lesen der Seriennummern von Banknoten |
-
2004
- 2004-10-08 DE DE102004049209A patent/DE102004049209A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-10-10 EP EP05806355A patent/EP1810251B1/fr active Active
- 2005-10-10 RU RU2007116873/09A patent/RU2372661C2/ru active
- 2005-10-10 AT AT05806355T patent/ATE515756T1/de active
- 2005-10-10 US US11/664,797 patent/US9123192B2/en active Active
- 2005-10-10 WO PCT/EP2005/010901 patent/WO2006040117A1/fr active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO2006040117A1 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2346006B1 (fr) * | 2008-09-22 | 2020-12-30 | Glory Ltd. | Dispositif de gestion de feuille, procédé de gestion de feuille et programme de gestion de feuille |
EP2816534B1 (fr) | 2012-02-13 | 2019-01-02 | Glory Ltd. | Dispositif et procédé de traitement de billet de banque |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2372661C2 (ru) | 2009-11-10 |
DE102004049209A1 (de) | 2006-04-20 |
WO2006040117A1 (fr) | 2006-04-20 |
US9123192B2 (en) | 2015-09-01 |
RU2007116873A (ru) | 2008-11-20 |
EP1810251B1 (fr) | 2011-07-06 |
US20090001157A1 (en) | 2009-01-01 |
ATE515756T1 (de) | 2011-07-15 |
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