Classifications

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  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
  • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
  • C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
  • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
  • A61K31/4418—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof having a carbocyclic group directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. cyproheptadine
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
  • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
  • A61K31/4427—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems
  • A61K31/444—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a six-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring heteroatom, e.g. amrinone
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
  • A61K31/47—Quinolines; Isoquinolines
  • A61K31/4709—Non-condensed quinolines and containing further heterocyclic rings
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
  • A61K31/47—Quinolines; Isoquinolines
  • A61K31/472—Non-condensed isoquinolines, e.g. papaverine
  • A61K31/4725—Non-condensed isoquinolines, e.g. papaverine containing further heterocyclic rings
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
  • A61K31/50—Pyridazines; Hydrogenated pyridazines
  • A61K31/502—Pyridazines; Hydrogenated pyridazines ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems, e.g. cinnoline, phthalazine
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
  • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
  • A61K31/506—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
  • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
  • A61K31/517—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems, e.g. quinazoline, perimidine
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/535—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one oxygen as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. 1,2-oxazines
  • A61K31/5375—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine
  • A61K31/5377—1,4-Oxazines, e.g. morpholine not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. timolol
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/54—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame
  • A61K31/5415—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems, e.g. phenothiazine, chlorpromazine, piroxicam
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
  • A61P17/02—Drugs for dermatological disorders for treating wounds, ulcers, burns, scars, keloids, or the like
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
  • A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
  • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
  • C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
  • C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
  • C07D417/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings
  • C07D417/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond

Definitions

• the present invention provides a pyridine compound for use in the promotion of healing of skin lesions selected from acute or chronic wounds, decubitus ulcers (pressure ulcers), thermal ulcers, vascular obstructive ulcers including leg ulcers, diabetic ulcers, traumatic ulcers and post-surgical ulcers.
• the skin lesion healing is accomplished, in general, through a serial events comprising (1) inflammation phase, (2) cell-proliferation phase and (3) epidermis/corium-reconstitution phase. It is considered that various factors such as a platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), a basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), a vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF), keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and the like work under highly complicated relationships in the healing process. From a histopathological aspect, transient angiogenesis is an essential event in the process of skin lesion healing.
• PDGF platelet-derived growth factor
• bFGF basic fibroblast growth factor
• VEGF vascular endothelial cell growth factor
• KGF keratinocyte growth factor
• HGF hepatocyte growth factor
• VEGF is one of primary promoting factors of angiogenesis and promote the skin lesion healing ( American Journal of Pathology (2004) : Vol. 164 (6), pp1935-47 , FASEB Journal (2004) : Vol. 18 (11), pp1264-66 ).
• a prostaglandin E 2 preparation (alprostadil alphadex), dibutyryl cAMP preparation (bucladecin sodium), a sucrose/povidone iodide preparation, a tretinoin tocoferyl preparation and the like has been known.
• these agents are not always efficient in treatment of chronic skin lesions such as chronic skin ulcers.
• bFGF one of the growth factors mentioned above, was developed owing to its physiological activity (angiogenesis-promoting activity) based on fibroblast-, vascular endothelial cell- and vascular smooth muscle cell-proliferation promoting activity and coming into practical use.
• PGI 1 prostaglandin I 1
• a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor such as syldenafil being clinically used for treatment of erectile dysfunction may be expected to promote wound healing due to its vasodilating activity mediated by increase in intracellular cGMP level ( WO2002/015893 ).
• these drugs are not coming into practical use yet.
• a pyridine compound i.e., a pyridyl-substituted naphthalene compound and a pyridyl-substituted isoquinoline compound
• PDE4-inhibitory activity EP748805 , EP848000
• EP 0557016 A discloses the use of naphthalene derivatives in the prophylaxis and treatment of asthma.
• WO 03/073981 A discloses the use of pro-inflammatory cytokine inhibitors for improving wound healing.
• mice which are treated with a steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (e.g., glucocorticoid) which inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokine expression (such as TNF- ⁇ and IL-1).
• a steroidal anti-inflammatory agent e.g., glucocorticoid
• pro-inflammatory cytokine expression such as TNF- ⁇ and IL-1
• WO 2004/037183 A2 discloses the use of a PDE-4 inhibitor in the treatment of conditions involving fibrosis.
• WO 03/068235 A1 discloses the use of nicotinamide derivatives which are PDE-4 inhibitors in the treatment of wounds.
• US 2004/0038958 discloses the use of substituted hydroxy indols in the treatment of a skin disease.
• DBcAMP dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate
• GB 2233041 A discloses a composition for the treatment of acute wounds comprising one or more of i) an adenylyl cyclase agonist, ii) cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) or a salt or derivative thereof and iii) a phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor.
• an adenylyl cyclase agonist ii) cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) or a salt or derivative thereof and iii) a phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor.
• cAMP 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate
• PDE phosphodiesterase
• the present invention relates to a pyridine compound of the following formula [I-A] : wherein R 11 is a group of the following formula: R 1 and R 2 are the same or different and a group selected from methoxy group and ethoxy group, and Ring A is (a) a hydroxy-substituted dihydro- or tetrahydroquinolyl group, (b) an oxo-substituted dihydro- or tetrahydro-isoquinolyl group substituted by a group selected from a pyridyl-substituted C 1-6 alkoxy group and a morpholino-C 1-6 alkoxy group, (c) an oxo-substituted dihydro-or tetrahydro-phthalazinyl group substituted by a group selected from a pyridyl group, a pyrimidinyl group and a di(C 1-6 alkyl)aminophenyl group or (d
• the medicament comprising the compound of the present invention is useful for promotion of healing of skin lesions such as wounds (for example, traumatic wound, and post-surgical wound), decubitus ulcer, chronic skin ulcers (for example, thermal ulcer, vascular obstructive ulcer including leg ulcer, and diabetic ulcer).
• wounds for example, traumatic wound, and post-surgical wound
• decubitus ulcer for example, chronic skin ulcers
• chronic skin ulcers for example, thermal ulcer, vascular obstructive ulcer including leg ulcer, and diabetic ulcer.
• examples of a further pharmacologically preferable compound include a compound in which the Ring A is a group of the following formula:
• examples of a particularly pharmacologically preferable compound include a compound selected from the group consisting of: 2-(4-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-1-yl)-4-[2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-6,7-dimethoxynaphthalen-1-yl]pyridine; 4-[2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)-6,7-dimethoxynaphthalen-1-yl]-2-[1-oxo-1,2-dihydro-5-(2-morpholinoethoxy)-isoquinolin-2-yl]pyridine; and 4-[2,3-bis(hydoxymethyl)-6,7-dimethoxynaphthalen-1-yl]-2-[1-oxo-1,2-dihydro-5-(3-pyridylmethoxy)-1-isoquinolin-2-yl]pyridine; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
• the compound [I-A] of the present invention has an asymmetric carbon atom(s) in its molecule (e.g., in the Ring A), it may exist in the form of a stereoisomer thereof (diastereoisomers, optical isomers) owing to said asymmetric carbon atom(s) thereof, and the present invention also includes either one of the stereoisomers and a mixture thereof.
• the medicament comprising the compound of the present invention is useful for promotion of healing of skin lesions such as wounds (traumatic wound, post-surgical wound and the like), decubitus ulcer, chronic skin ulcers (thermal ulcer, vascular obstructive ulcer including leg ulcer, diabetic ulcer and the like).
• wounds traumatic wound, post-surgical wound and the like
• decubitus ulcer chronic skin ulcers
• chronic skin ulcers thermal ulcer, vascular obstructive ulcer including leg ulcer, diabetic ulcer and the like.
• Examples of the pharmaceutically acceptable salt of the compound [I-A] include an inorganic acid salt such as a hydrochloride, a sulfate or a hydrobromide, and an organic acid salt such as an acetate, fumarate, an oxalate, a methanesulfonate or a maleate.
• an inorganic acid salt such as a hydrochloride, a sulfate or a hydrobromide
• an organic acid salt such as an acetate, fumarate, an oxalate, a methanesulfonate or a maleate.
• the compound [I-A] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be prepared by a known process as described in, for example, EP74880581 , EP848000B1 or US Pat.5342941 .
• the compound [I-A] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be administered topically onto the lesion site directly or indirectly and its dose may vary in accordance with the ages, weights and conditions of the subject/patients in need of the treatment of skin lesion, or the kind or degree of such skin lesion. For example, it is usually in the range of about 0.05 to 100 mg/skin lesion, preferably 0.1 to 10 mg/skin lesion.
• the dosing frequency can be determined appropriately as required. For example, it is usual to administer once to four times daily, preferably once to twice daily.
• the medicament comprising the compound for use in the treatment of skin lesion of the present invention has a potent promoting activity on dermal microvascular cell proliferation and can be thereby applicable to the treatment (e.g., promotion of healing) of skin lesions such as wounds (for example, traumatic wound, and post-surgical wound), decubitus ulcer or chronic skin ulcers (for example, thermal ulcer, vascular obstructive ulcer including leg ulcer, and diabetic ulcer)
• wounds for example, traumatic wound, and post-surgical wound
• decubitus ulcer or chronic skin ulcers for example, thermal ulcer, vascular obstructive ulcer including leg ulcer, and diabetic ulcer
• the compounds [I-A] of the present invention include a compound which does not exhibit substantially a certain undesired effect such as, for example, cytotoxicity and photosensitivity at least within the range of effective dose for the treatment of skin lesion.
• the medicament comprising the compound for use in the treatment of skin lesion of the present invention comprising such compound may be useful as a therapeutic agent from an aspect of safety.
• one or more pharmaceutically acceptable additive(s) such as a penetration enhancer, a pH-adjusting agent, a preservative, a flavoring agent, a dispersing agent, a humectant, a stabilizing agent, an antiseptic agent, a suspending agent or a surfactant can be incorporated into the medicament comprising the compound of the present invention, if required.
• the penetration enhancer examples include for example a monovalent alcohol having 20 carbon atoms or less than 20 carbon atoms such as ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol and stearyl alcohol, a pyrrolidone compound such as 2-pyrrolidone and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, a urea compound such as urea and thiourea, a cyclodextrine compound such as alpha-dextrine, menthol, 1-dodecylazacyclohepthan-2-one, calcium thioglycolate and limonene.
• the incorporation amount of said penetration enhancer may vary in accordance with the form of preparation or the carrier base.
• It is usually in the range of 0.1 w/w % or greater, preferably 0.3 w/w % or greater from a viewpoint of effectively expressing the penetration-enhancing activity, and in the range of 10 w/w % or less, preferably 5 w/w % or less from a viewpoint of suppressing adverse drug reactions.
• the pH-adjusting agent may be an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid and an organic acid such as acetic acid, succinic acid or malic acid or a metal salt thereof.
• the incorporation amount of said pH-adjusting agent may vary in accordance with the form of the preparation or the carrier base. It is usually in the range so that the pH of the objective composition is within the range from 4 to 8.
• the preservative may, for example, be paraben, methylparaben, chlorobuthanol and benzyl alcohol.
• the flavoring agent may, for example, be menthol, rose oil, eucalyptus oil, d-camphor.
• the dispersing agent may be sodium methaphosphate, potassium polyphosphate, anhydrous silicic acid.
• the humectant may, for example, be a propylene glycol, glycerin, sorbitol, sodium lactate and sodium hyaluronate.
• the stabilizing agent may, for example, be sodium sulfite, tocopherol, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and citric acid.
• the suspending agent may, for example, be a powdered tragacanth, a powdered acacia, a bentonite and a carboxymethylcellulose.
• the surfactant may, for example, be a polyoxyethylenehydrogenated castor oil, a sorbitan fatty acid ester such as sorbitan sesquioleate and a polyoxyl stearate.
• the medicament comprising the compound for use in the treatment of skin lesion of the present invention can be used as a topical agent for administering directly onto the lesion/wound site in the form of , for example, ointments, creams, lotions, liniments, cataplasms, plasters, patches, gels and solutions.
• an oily base or an emulsion base can be used.
• the oily base may be a hydrocarbons such as a C 12-32 -hydrocarbon including, for example, paraffin, white petrolatum, squalen, squalan, and plastibase, a higher alcohol such as a monovalent C 12-30 -aliphatic alcohol including, for example, lauryl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, and oleyl alcohol, a higher fatty acid such as a saturated or unsaturated C 6-32 -fatty acid including palmitic acid and stearic acid, a higher fatty acid ester such as myristyl palmitate, stearyl stearate, a fatty acid ester with a monovalent C 14 - 32 -aliphatic alcohol including lanorine and carnauba wax, an ester of a saturated or unsaturated C 10-22 -aliphatic acid with glycerine including glyceryl
• the emulsion base may be an oil in water base, a water in oil base or a suspension base.
• the oil in water base include a base prepared by emulsifying or dispersing an oily ingredient such as, for example, Tanolin, propylene glycol, stearyl alcohol, petrolatum, silicon oil, liquid paraffin, glyceryl monostearate, and polyethylene glycol with water in the presence or absence of a surfactant.
• Examples of the water in oil base include a base prepared by mixing an oily ingredient such as white petrolatum, liquid paraffin and the like with water in the presence or absence of a surfactant and then emulsifying or dispersing the mixture.
• the suspension base may be an aqueous base in the form of a gel prepared by mixing a suspending agent such as, for example, starch, glycerin, a high viscosity carboxymethylcellulose, and a carboxyvinyl polymer with water.
• a suspending agent such as, for example, starch, glycerin, a high viscosity carboxymethylcellulose, and a carboxyvinyl polymer with water.
• the medicament comprising the compound for use in the treatment of skin lesion of the present invention can be prepared in the conventional manner to produce a topical preparation by, for example, mixing, emulsifying or suspending materials for a base, blending the active ingredient and other additives with the base and mixing them in a mixer such as a screw mixer.
• the medicament comprising the compound for use in the treatment of skin lesion of the present invention can be used in any form of a suspension-, an emulsion- or a solution-type lotion.
• the base for a suspension type-lotion include a mixture comprising a suspending agent such as gums including acacia and tragacabth, cellulose compounds including methylcellulose and hudroxyethylcellulose, clays including bentonite and water.
• a suspending agent such as gums including acacia and tragacabth
• cellulose compounds including methylcellulose and hudroxyethylcellulose clays including bentonite and water.
• the base for an emulsion type-lotion include an emulsion comprising water and an oil such as fatty acids including stearic acid and oleic acid or higher aliphatic alcohols including cetyl alcohol.
• Examples of the base for a solution type-lotion include water and alcohols such as ethyl alcohol, glycerin or propylene glycol.
• Such lotions can be prepared by mixing the base and water, stirring the mixture, mixing the active ingredient and appropriate additives thereto and, if necessary filtering such mixture.
• Examples of the base for a liniment include vegetable oils such as olive oil, alcohols such as ethyl alcohol or isopropyl alcohol and a mixture of such oils with water. Said liniment can be prepared by dissolving the active ingredient and if required mixing appropriate additives with the mixture.
• Examples of the base for a cataplasm include water-soluble polymers such as a polyacrylic acid, a polyvinyl alcohol or a polyvinyl pyrrolidone.
• Said cataplasm can be prepared by mixing the active ingredient, the base and appropriate additives, heating followed by cooling the mixture.
• Examples of the base for plasters or patches include a combination of carrier such as non-woven fabric, elastomers such as natural rubber or isoprene rubber, fillers such as zinc white or titanium oxide, adhering agents such as terpene resins, peeling agents such as vinyl acetate, softeners such as liquid paraffin or antioxidants such as dibutylhydroxytoluene (BHT).
• carrier such as non-woven fabric
• elastomers such as natural rubber or isoprene rubber
• fillers such as zinc white or titanium oxide
• adhering agents such as terpene resins
• peeling agents such as vinyl acetate
• softeners such as liquid paraffin or antioxidants such as dibutylhydroxytoluene (BHT).
• BHT dibutylhydroxytoluene
• Examples of the solvent for a solution include water, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol such as PEG400, propylene glycol, propylene carbonate and a mixture thereof. Said solutions can be incorporated into gauze or dressings.
• the incorporated amount of the active ingredient may vary in accordance with the form of preparations and could be 0.0025 to 5 w/w %, preferably 0.005 to 0.5 w/w % for the ointment and 0.1 to 200 mg/ml, preferably 0.1 to 20 mg/mL for the solution.
• the medicament comprising the compound for use in the treatment of skin lesion of the present invention may also be used concomitantly with other agents for the treatment of wound or skin ulcer.
• other physiologically active substances having an ability of promoting skin lesion/wound-healing e.g., growth factors such as PDGF, TGF- ⁇ , TGF- ⁇ , bFGF, EGF and the like
• growth factors such as PDGF, TGF- ⁇ , TGF- ⁇ , bFGF, EGF and the like
• each compound having an asymmetric carbon atom(s) is that in the form of a racemic mixture, unless any representation of an optical isomer is described.
• Table 1 (No. 1) R 1 R 2 Ring A Reference Compound No. 1 C 2 H 5 O- C 2 H 5 O- Reference Compound No.2* CH 3 O- CH 3 O- Compound No.1 CH 3 O- CH 3 O- Compound No. 2* CH 3 O- CH 3 O- Compound No. 3* CH 3 O- CH 3 O- Reference Compound No. 3* CH 3 O- CH 3 O- *: hydrochloride Table 1 (No.
• R 1 R 2 Ring A 7 CH 3 O- CH 3 O- 8 CH 3 O- CH 3 O- 9 C 2 H 5 O- C 2 H 5 O- 10 CH 3 O- CH 3 O- 11 CH 3 O- CH 3 O- 12 CH 3 O- CH 3 O- 13 CH 3 O- CH 3 O- Table 1 (No.4)
• R 1 R 2 RingA Reference Compound No. 14* CH 3 O- CH 3 O- Compound No. 9* CH 3 O- C 2 H 5 O- Compound No. 8* C 2 H 5 O- CH 3 O- Compound No. 10* C 2 H 5 O- C 2 H 5 O- Compound No. 11* CH 3 O- CH 3 O- Reference Compound No.15 CH 3 O- CH 3 O- Reference Compound No.
• the wound healing-promoting activity of test compounds were investigated in terms of the promotion activity on HDMEC proliferation in the following manner.
• As a HDMEC normal adult dermal microvascular endothelial cells ( Hybridoma (1996): Vo1.15 (4), pp279-288 ) were used in this study.
• a suspension of HDMEC mentioned above (2 x 10 4 cells/mL, Cryo HMVEC-Ad; trademark registered by Cambrex Inc.) were seeded on 48-well plate (250 ⁇ L/well). The cells were cultured in a proliferation medium (BletKit EGM-2-MV; trademark registered by Cambrex Inc.) for one day. After substituting an assay medium (450 pL, bFGF-, EGF- and VEGF-free BletKit EGM-2-MV; trademark registered by Cambrex Inc.) for the proliferation medium, a dimethylsulfoxide solution of the test compound (0.1 v/v %, 50 ⁇ L) was added to each well and the cells were cultured for 96 hours.
• a proliferation medium 450 pL, bFGF-, EGF- and VEGF-free BletKit EGM-2-MV; trademark registered by Cambrex Inc.
• the assay medium was removed by aspiration and the residual cells were suspended in Isoton II solution (500 pL; Beckmann-Coulter Ltd.) containing 0.05 % trypsin and 0.02 % ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. The suspension was diluted (11-fold) with Isoton II solution (5 mL) and the number of cells were counted by Coulter-Counter Zl (Beckmann-Coulter Ltd.).
• Isoton II solution 500 pL; Beckmann-Coulter Ltd.
• the suspension was diluted (11-fold) with Isoton II solution (5 mL) and the number of cells were counted by Coulter-Counter Zl (Beckmann-Coulter Ltd.).
• HDMEC was cultured in the same manner, but in the absence of the test compound, as described above.
• HDMEC was cultured in the same manner, but using a bFGF solution (0.1 ⁇ g/mL medium) instead of the test compound solution.
• each test compound (0.1 - 1 ⁇ M) exhibited an equipotent promoting activity on HDMEC proliferation as bFGF (0.1 ⁇ g/mL medium).
• Table 2 Test groups Number of cells after 96 hours (cells) Compound No. 1 in Table 1 0.1 ⁇ M 1.31 ⁇ 10 4 1.0 ⁇ M 1.61 ⁇ 10 4 Negative control 0.95 ⁇ 10 4 Positive control 1.31 ⁇ 10 4
• Table 3 Test groups Number of cells after 96 hours (cells) Compound No. 2* in Table 1 0.1 ⁇ M 2.04 ⁇ 10 4 1.0 ⁇ M 2.50 ⁇ 10 4 Reference Compound No.
• mice Spontaneously diabetic male mice (C57BLKsJ-db/db Jcl, age: 9 weeks, weight: 30 - 40 g; Nippon-Clair; 4 mice/group) were bled until their ages became 10 to 12 weeks old. Under anesthesia with pentobarbiturate, hair of the mice were shaved on their dorsum and wiped with ethanol. A circular full-thickness skin wound (2 cm 2 ) was prepared on the dorsum of mice. A test compound solution in physiologically saline (20 ⁇ L; 10 ⁇ g/wound) was administered dropwise onto the wound site and the wound site was covered by a film-dressing (Bioclusive, trademark registered by Johnson & Johnson Inc.).
• Table 6 Test groups Days to give complete wound healing (Mean ⁇ SEM) p value (vs. Control, unpaired t-test, two-tailed) Test compound-treated group (Compound No. 1 in Table 1) 19.50 ⁇ 0.5000 0.0004 Control 59.50 ⁇ 5.575 - Table 7 Test groups Days to give complete wound healing (Mean ⁇ SEM) p value (vs. Control, unpaired t-test, two-tailed) Test compound-treated group 2* (Compound No. 2* in Table 1) 20.75 ⁇ 2.250 ⁇ 0.0001 Test compound-treated group Reference (Compound No.
• the medicament comprising the compound for use in the treatment of skin lesion of the present invention has a potent promoting activity on dermal microvascular cell proliferation and can be thereby applicable to the treatment (e.g., promotion of healing) of skin lesions such as wounds, (for example, traumatic wound, and post-surgical wound), decubitus ulcer or chronic skin ulcers, (for example, vascular obstructive ulcer including leg ulcer, diabetic ulcer).
• skin lesions such as wounds, (for example, traumatic wound, and post-surgical wound), decubitus ulcer or chronic skin ulcers, (for example, vascular obstructive ulcer including leg ulcer, diabetic ulcer).

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