EP1764014B9 - Thermoblock-based beverage production device with brewing chambers - Google Patents

Thermoblock-based beverage production device with brewing chambers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1764014B9
EP1764014B9 EP05020507A EP05020507A EP1764014B9 EP 1764014 B9 EP1764014 B9 EP 1764014B9 EP 05020507 A EP05020507 A EP 05020507A EP 05020507 A EP05020507 A EP 05020507A EP 1764014 B9 EP1764014 B9 EP 1764014B9
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thermoblocks
outlet
thermoblock
hot water
production device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP05020507A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1764014A1 (en
EP1764014B1 (en
Inventor
Mischa Stieger
Heinz Eicher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nestec SA
Original Assignee
Nestec SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to DK05020507T priority Critical patent/DK1764014T5/da
Priority to AT07121239T priority patent/ATE470384T1/de
Priority to ES05020507T priority patent/ES2321108T4/es
Priority to SI200530562T priority patent/SI1764014T1/sl
Priority to DE602005021827T priority patent/DE602005021827D1/de
Priority to PT05020507T priority patent/PT1764014E/pt
Priority to AT05020507T priority patent/ATE420583T1/de
Priority to PT07121239T priority patent/PT1900312E/pt
Priority to ES07121239T priority patent/ES2346008T3/es
Priority to DE602005012394T priority patent/DE602005012394D1/de
Priority to EP05020507A priority patent/EP1764014B9/en
Priority to PL05020507T priority patent/PL1764014T3/pl
Application filed by Nestec SA filed Critical Nestec SA
Priority to EP07121239A priority patent/EP1900312B1/en
Priority to US11/531,894 priority patent/US8646377B2/en
Priority to CNA2006101392509A priority patent/CN1935074A/zh
Priority to CN201310540899.1A priority patent/CN103637682B/zh
Publication of EP1764014A1 publication Critical patent/EP1764014A1/en
Priority to HK08109834.3A priority patent/HK1118685A1/xx
Publication of EP1764014B1 publication Critical patent/EP1764014B1/en
Priority to HR20090099T priority patent/HRP20090099T5/hr
Priority to CY20091100439T priority patent/CY1109801T1/el
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1764014B9 publication Critical patent/EP1764014B9/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47JKITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J31/00Apparatus for making beverages
    • A47J31/44Parts or details or accessories of beverage-making apparatus
    • A47J31/54Water boiling vessels in beverage making machines
    • A47J31/542Continuous-flow heaters
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47JKITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J31/00Apparatus for making beverages
    • A47J31/007Apparatus for making beverages for brewing on a large scale, e.g. for restaurants, or for use with more than one brewing container
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47JKITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J31/00Apparatus for making beverages
    • A47J31/44Parts or details or accessories of beverage-making apparatus
    • A47J31/46Dispensing spouts, pumps, drain valves or like liquid transporting devices
    • A47J31/469Details of hydraulic circuits
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47JKITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J31/00Apparatus for making beverages
    • A47J31/44Parts or details or accessories of beverage-making apparatus
    • A47J31/54Water boiling vessels in beverage making machines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to brewing-type beverage production devices and a method for operating such brewing-type beverage production devices.
  • thermoblock-based beverage production device i.e. a device in which water is heated in a so-called thermoblock in order to produce hot water and/or steam.
  • a thermoblock within the meaning of the present invention is a heat exchanger in which water is heated (e.g. by electric resistors) while it is pumped.
  • thermoblocks consume a considerable amount of electric power while in operation.
  • a beverage production device is provided with several brewing chambers.
  • a brewing chamber is an essentially enclosed chamber containing a beverage ingredient.
  • hot water from the thermoblock
  • it interacts with the beverage ingredient and as a product of the interaction, a beverage, i.e. a liquid comestible, is produced.
  • the present invention encompasses all kind of different interactions between the beverage ingredient and the water, such as for example extraction, dissolution, mixing with a concentrate etc.
  • beverage ingredient can be provided in different forms, such as e.g. in powdered, solid, semisolid or liquid form.
  • EP 577 561 teaches a machine for delivering two brewed beverages (e.g. coffee) simultaneously, or alternatively one brewed beverage and steam or one brewed beverage and hot water.
  • This known machine can present three separate boiler sets.
  • a power control can be carried out by computational means to selectively deliver power to the two or three boilers.
  • EP-A-502 851 discloses a device according to the preamble of independent claim 1.
  • a brewing-type beverage production device comprises at least one water reservoir. Further on, the device comprises at least two thermoblocks which can be brought selectively in fluid connection with the at least one water reservoir. The device also comprises at least two brewing chambers, each of the brewing chambers being supplied with heated water from one of the thermoblocks, being adapted to contain a beverage ingredient and being connected to an outlet for draining a brewed beverage from the brewing chamber.
  • the beverage production device furthermore comprises a common hot water outlet, i.e. a hot water outlet which can be brought selectively in fluid connection with more than one thermoblocks.
  • thermoblock As the hot water outlet is common to more than one thermoblock, the invention thus goes beyond a simple aggregation of several independent and parallel systems.
  • the beverage production device can comprise control means and valve means configured for selectively supplying hot water from a first thermoblock to the hot water outlet when one of the brewing chambers is being supplied with hot water from the respectively other thermoblock.
  • control means can monitor the current status of the beverage production device, in order to decide which of the at least two thermoblocks is not about to be used and can thus can be used for supplying hot water to the hot water outlet.
  • the beverage production device can comprise control means and valve means configured for selectively supplying the common hot water outlet with hot water simultaneously from the two thermoblocks when none of the brewing chambers are supplied with hot water from any of the thermoblocks.
  • control means can monitor the current status of the beverage production device.
  • more than one thermoblock can be used to supply hot water to the hot water outlet thus increasing (e.g. doubling in case of two thermoblocks) the hot water flow rate.
  • the beverage production device optionally can furthermore comprise at least one additional steam-producing thermoblock for producing water steam to be supplied to an optional steam outlet.
  • the steam outlet can be provided separately to the hot water outlet and the outlet for draining a brewed beverage.
  • the control means and valve means of the beverage production device can be configured to, upon user's input, selectively activate two thermoblocks out of the three thermoblocks such that hot water is selectively supplied at least to:
  • one brewing chamber and the steam outlet can be supplied with hot water from the thermoblocks.
  • thermoblocks can be provided with hot water from the thermoblocks.
  • hot water can be produced with an increased flowrate.
  • This control thus increases the flexibility of the beverage production, as selectively at least the following products can be produced:
  • the combination hot water and steam can be provided.
  • means can be provided for selectively connecting the steam-producing thermoblock with an evacuation outlet.
  • Evacuating means can be arranged for selectively connecting the inlet side of the steam-producing thermoblock with the evacuation outlet.
  • thermoblock-evacuating outlet can be provided for evacuating the at least two thermoblocks associated with the brewing chambers by selectively providing a fluid connection between the thermoblocks with a thermoblock-evacuating outlet.
  • the evacuating means for the at least two thermoblocks can thereby be arranged to respectively selectively provide a fluid connection between the inlet side of the thermoblocks and an evacuating outlet.
  • thermoblocks be it a steam-producing thermoblock or a thermoblock connected with a brewing chamber
  • evacuation of the thermoblocks is preferably carried out from the inlet side of the thermoblocks.
  • valve means can be provided to selectively vent air through the hot water outlet and into the thermoblocks for emptying the thermoblocks.
  • thermoblocks air is vented from the outlet side into the thermoblocks thus that any remaining water can be evacuated from the thermoblocks at the water inlet side.
  • the reference numeral 9 generally designates a beverage production device according to the present invention.
  • the beverage production device 9 is provided with at least two water reservoirs (tanks) 1, 2, respectively, provided with filter means 25, 26 at their outlet side.
  • the water reservoirs 1, 2 can either be removable in order to be replenished at a remote location and/or be selectively brought in fluid connection with a tap water supply 27 (while remaining in place).
  • the water reservoirs 1, 2 are connected to each other by means of a conduit 28 such that it is sufficient to refill only one of the water reservoirs 1, 2 as the water levels of the two water reservoirs 1, 2 will be leveled-out through the communicating water conduit 28.
  • the outlets of the water reservoirs 1, 2 are respectively connected to pump means 29, 30.
  • Flow meters 31, 32 can be provided for monitoring the flow from the water reservoirs 1 and 2, respectively, to the pumps 29 and 30, respectively, and thus also the water flow through the following stages (e.g. the thermoblocks as explained later-on).
  • thermoblocks by sensing the amount of water supplied to the thermoblocks a defined amount of water can be passed trough the thermoblocks in order to produce a defined amount of hot water, beverage and/or steam.
  • the pump 29 associated with the first water reservoir 1 supplies pressurised water to the inlet 23 of a first thermoblock 4, while the pump 30 being associated with the second water reservoir 2 supplies pressurised water to the inlet 24 of the second thermoblock 3.
  • thermoblock is adapted to heat water using electrical resistors while it is flowing through a conduit in the thermoblock.
  • thermoblock 4 can be brought in fluid connection with a first brewing chamber 6 having a beverage outlet 8.
  • the thermoblock 3 can be brought selectively in fluid connection with a second brewing chamber 5 having a beverage outlet 7.
  • thermoblocks 3, 4 and the brewing chambers 5, 6 respectively a biased non-return valve 39, 40 is provided. These non-return valves 39, 40 block any flow from the brewing chambers 5, 6 towards the thermoblocks 3, 4.
  • a liquid flow from the thermoblocks 3, 4 to the brewing chambers 5, 6 preferably occurs only after the pressure exceeds a defined threshold value, which threshold value is set by a spring-biasing force of the backstop valves 39, 40.
  • Each of the brewing chamber is designed to contain an ingredient from which a beverage, i.e. a liquid comestible can be produced.
  • Both the inlet side 23 of the thermoblock 4 and the inlet side 24 of the thermoblock 3 can be selectively put in fluid connection with evacuation outlet 13, 12, respectively, by actively controlling valve means 16, 17 in their respective opened states.
  • This control can e.g. be carried out by electronic control means (microprocessor etc.) which will be described later on with reference to Fig. 2 .
  • the evacuation can be carried out automatically and periodically, e.g. after the lapse of a defined time period.
  • Water from the first reservoir 1 can also be pressurised by a further pump 33 supplying pressurised water to an optional steam-producing thermoblock 10.
  • the outlet side of the steam-producing thermoblock 10 can be selective put in fluid connection with a steam outlet 11 when actively controlling the steam valve 34 in its opened state.
  • thermoblock 10 can be selectively put in fluid connection with (optional) condensing means 15 such that the inlet side 22 of the steam-producing thermoblock 10 is in fluid communication with an evacuation outlet 21.
  • an evacuation valve 18 can be actively opened and kept in the opened state.
  • each of the thermoblocks 3 and 4 can be used to supply (independently from each other) hot pressurised water to brewing chambers 5 and 6, respectively.
  • the outlet of the thermoblocks 3, 4 can be selectively brought in fluid connection with a common hot water outlet 14, wherein to this regard valve control means 19, 20 are provided between the outlet side of the thermoblocks 3 and 4, respectively and the common hot water outlet 14.
  • thermoblocks heating
  • pumps and the different valves as shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the control means 35 can be provided with status monitoring signals 37 indicating the current status of different elements of the beverage production device 9 shown in Fig. 1 and as detected e.g. by suitable sensing means.
  • These status monitoring signals 37 can be, for example, the temperatures of the thermoblocks, the flow-indicating signals from the flow meters, the pressure at the secondary side of the pumps as well as the water level in the water reservoirs 1, 2.
  • the operation of the beverage production device 9 shown in Fig. 1 can be carried by means of a user interface 36 through which a user can select the operation of the beverage production device.
  • the user interface 36 can also comprise means to signal to the user the current status of the beverage production device 9.
  • the beverage production device 9 as shown in Fig. 1 presents an advantageous flexibility with regard to the products which can be obtained in a different outlet:
  • thermoblocks 3, 4 are connected respectively with a brewing chamber 5, 6, two brewed beverages can be obtained at the beverage outlet 7, 8 at the same time.
  • thermoblocks 3, 4 can be selective connected to the common hot water outlet 14, simultaneously a brewed beverage can be obtained at one of the beverage outlets 7, 8, while at the same time obtaining hot water at the hot water outlet 14.
  • thermoblocks 3, 4 decides whether one of the thermoblocks 3, 4 is currently not in operation for supplying hot pressurised water to a brewing chamber and will then connect any unused thermoblock 3, 4 to the common hot water outlet 14 via actively controlling the hot water valve means 19 and 20, respectively.
  • both thermoblocks 3, 4 can be brought in fluid connection with the common hot water outlet 14, thus enhancing the hot water flow rate at the outlet 14.
  • each of the thermoblocks 3 and 4 for producing beverage products as well as the thermoblock 10 for producing steam can be evacuated, preferably at the inlet sides 22, 23 and 24, respectively.
  • thermoblock serves to reduce scale deposition in the serpentines of the thermoblocks.
  • the evacuation can e.g. be started once a thermoblock has not been used for a defined time period.
  • the evacuation is preferably carried out at the inlet sides 22, 23 and 24, respectively by opening the valves 16, 17 and 18, respectively.
  • the outlet sides of the thermoblocks 3, 4 respectively can be vented by opening the associated valve at the outlet side, i. e. at least one of the valves 19 and 20.
  • the associated valve at the outlet side i. e. at least one of the valves 19 and 20.
  • the evacuation flow will be caused by gravitational forces.
  • the evacuation outlet openings (and thus the drip trays 41, 42) are at a lower position than the inlet sides of the thermoblocks to be evacuated.
  • a further aspect of the present invention relates to the steam production carried out by the optional steam-producing thermoblock 10.
  • the control means 35 When initiating a steam-production operation, at the beginning the control means 35 as shown in Fig. 2 will actively open valve 18, such that the inlet side 22 of the thermoblock 10 is in fluid connection with the optional condenser 15 and the trip tray 21 for evacuating the inlet side 22 of the steam-producing thermoblock 10. Only after a predefined criterion is met, the control means will allow the valve 18 to close and will at the same time actively open the valve 34 such that a proper steam production can commence and steam will eventually be available at the steam outlet 11.
  • the defined criterion can for example be a predefined time period after initiating the steam production operation and/or a threshold temperature value. As long as this time period is not expired and/or the thermoblock 10 has not yet reached its operation threshold temperature value, the inlet side will be kept in an evacuation state and the outlet side. e. the valve 134, will be closed. Thus, during the warming-up of the steam producing thermoblock 10 no water etc. will be evacuated from the steam outlet 11. Only after the warming-up of the steam-producing thermoblock 10 is finished, a proper amount (volume) of steam at a defined temperature will be obtained at the steam outlet 11.
  • a typical threshold temperature can be, for example, 100 to 105 °C and only after the thermoblock 10 will reach such threshold temperature, the valve 18 will close and steam system is ready to use.
  • the temperature can be sensed e.g. using a NTC element.
  • valve 18 serves as an evacuation valve for the steam-producing thermoblock 10. During this warming-up period this valve 18 is actively controlled in the opened state. On the other hand, once the thermoblock 10 is in its proper steam-producing function, the valve 18 is in its closed state. In this state it can serve as an over-pressure protection valve, which can passively be opened upon the pressure in the thermoblock 10 exceeding a threshold value, such that over-pressure 10 can be released to the trip tray 14.
  • thermoblock 10 will not be vented or evacuated (in contrast to the thermoblocks associated with the brewing chambers).
  • the hot steam always remains in the thermoblock 10 such that hot steam is always avaialble on demand.
  • thermoblock 10 will only be vented at the start of its operation. This is to avoid that any liquid sucked-in and condensed inside the thermoblock 10 after the cooling-down once the thermoblock 10 is switched off will produce unwanted excess steam.
  • thermoblock 10 In principle, it can be possible to produce the steam via the thermoblock 10 independently, from any hot water or beverage producing action by activating the thermoblock 4. Therefore, in principle the steam production can be carried in addition to any beverage/beverage, beverage/hot water or hot water (double flow rate) operation.
  • thermoblock has a relatively high power consumption (e. g. 1100 Watt), such that limitations of the energy supply can lead to the requirement that only two of the three thermoblocks 3, 4 and 10 as shown in Fig. 1 can be operated simultaneously.
EP05020507A 2005-09-20 2005-09-20 Thermoblock-based beverage production device with brewing chambers Active EP1764014B9 (en)

Priority Applications (19)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT07121239T ATE470384T1 (de) 2005-09-20 2005-09-20 Getränkeherstellungsvorrichtung auf thermoblockbasis mit einer braukammer
EP07121239A EP1900312B1 (en) 2005-09-20 2005-09-20 Thermoblock-based Beverage Production Device with Brewing Chamber
DE602005021827T DE602005021827D1 (de) 2005-09-20 2005-09-20 Getränkeherstellungsvorrichtung auf Thermoblockbasis mit einer Braukammer
PT05020507T PT1764014E (pt) 2005-09-20 2005-09-20 Dispositivo de produção de bebidas baseado em termoblocos com câmaras de infusão
AT05020507T ATE420583T1 (de) 2005-09-20 2005-09-20 Vorrichtung zur herstellung von getränken mit brühkammern
PT07121239T PT1900312E (pt) 2005-09-20 2005-09-20 DISPOSITIVO DE PRODUÆO DE BEBIDAS BASEADO EM TERMOBLOCOS COM CâMARAS DE INFUS†O
ES07121239T ES2346008T3 (es) 2005-09-20 2005-09-20 Dispositivo de produccion de bebidas basado en el sistema termobloque con camaras de infusion.
DE602005012394T DE602005012394D1 (de) 2005-09-20 2005-09-20 Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Getränken mit Brühkammern
EP05020507A EP1764014B9 (en) 2005-09-20 2005-09-20 Thermoblock-based beverage production device with brewing chambers
PL05020507T PL1764014T3 (pl) 2005-09-20 2005-09-20 Urządzenie oparte na termobloku do przygotowywania napojów z komorami zaparzania
DK05020507T DK1764014T5 (da) 2005-09-20 2005-09-20 Termoblokbaseret drikkevarefremstillingsindretning med brygkamre
ES05020507T ES2321108T4 (es) 2005-09-20 2005-09-20 Dispositivo de producción de bebidas basado en termobloque con cámaras de infusión.
SI200530562T SI1764014T1 (sl) 2005-09-20 2005-09-20 Naprava za pripravo napitka na osnovi termičnega bloka s kuhalnimi komorami
US11/531,894 US8646377B2 (en) 2005-09-20 2006-09-14 Thermoblock-based beverage production device with brewing chambers
CNA2006101392509A CN1935074A (zh) 2005-09-20 2006-09-20 具有煮泡室的基于热块的饮料生产设备
CN201310540899.1A CN103637682B (zh) 2005-09-20 2006-09-20 具有煮泡室的基于热块的饮料生产设备和方法
HK08109834.3A HK1118685A1 (en) 2005-09-20 2008-09-04 Thermoblock-based beverage production device with brewing chamber
HR20090099T HRP20090099T5 (hr) 2005-09-20 2009-02-17 Naprava za proizvodnju napitaka na bazi termoblokova s komorama za kuhanje
CY20091100439T CY1109801T1 (el) 2005-09-20 2009-04-14 Διαταξη παραγωγης ροφηματος βασιζομενη σε θερμοστοιχεια με θαλαμους βρασμου

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05020507A EP1764014B9 (en) 2005-09-20 2005-09-20 Thermoblock-based beverage production device with brewing chambers

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07121239A Division EP1900312B1 (en) 2005-09-20 2005-09-20 Thermoblock-based Beverage Production Device with Brewing Chamber

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1764014A1 EP1764014A1 (en) 2007-03-21
EP1764014B1 EP1764014B1 (en) 2009-01-14
EP1764014B9 true EP1764014B9 (en) 2009-09-09

Family

ID=35376945

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05020507A Active EP1764014B9 (en) 2005-09-20 2005-09-20 Thermoblock-based beverage production device with brewing chambers
EP07121239A Active EP1900312B1 (en) 2005-09-20 2005-09-20 Thermoblock-based Beverage Production Device with Brewing Chamber

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07121239A Active EP1900312B1 (en) 2005-09-20 2005-09-20 Thermoblock-based Beverage Production Device with Brewing Chamber

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US8646377B2 (zh)
EP (2) EP1764014B9 (zh)
CN (2) CN103637682B (zh)
AT (2) ATE470384T1 (zh)
CY (1) CY1109801T1 (zh)
DE (2) DE602005021827D1 (zh)
DK (1) DK1764014T5 (zh)
ES (2) ES2346008T3 (zh)
HK (1) HK1118685A1 (zh)
HR (1) HRP20090099T5 (zh)
PL (1) PL1764014T3 (zh)
PT (2) PT1900312E (zh)
SI (1) SI1764014T1 (zh)

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CN106470579B (zh) 2014-07-09 2020-02-14 雀巢产品有限公司 用于将饮料机器连接至分配管网的装置的联接
PT3166455T (pt) 2014-07-09 2020-11-20 Nestle Sa Dispositivo para ligar uma máquina de bebida a uma rede de distribuição com interrupção segura de fluxo
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SI1764014T1 (sl) 2009-04-30
US8646377B2 (en) 2014-02-11
HRP20090099T5 (hr) 2009-11-30
ES2321108T3 (es) 2009-06-02
EP1900312B1 (en) 2010-06-09
PT1764014E (pt) 2009-02-13
EP1764014A1 (en) 2007-03-21
EP1764014B1 (en) 2009-01-14
CY1109801T1 (el) 2014-09-10
EP1900312A3 (en) 2008-03-26
US20070062377A1 (en) 2007-03-22
DE602005021827D1 (de) 2010-07-22
ATE470384T1 (de) 2010-06-15
PL1764014T3 (pl) 2009-06-30
DK1764014T3 (da) 2009-05-18
ATE420583T1 (de) 2009-01-15
DK1764014T5 (da) 2009-07-13
ES2321108T4 (es) 2010-11-24
CN1935074A (zh) 2007-03-28
CN103637682A (zh) 2014-03-19
EP1900312A2 (en) 2008-03-19
HRP20090099T3 (en) 2009-03-31
DE602005012394D1 (de) 2009-03-05
ES2346008T3 (es) 2010-10-07
HK1118685A1 (en) 2009-02-20
PT1900312E (pt) 2010-07-01
CN103637682B (zh) 2017-10-24

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