EP1743053A2 - Verfahren zur herstellung einer beschichtung sowie anode zur verwendung in einem solchen verfahren - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung einer beschichtung sowie anode zur verwendung in einem solchen verfahrenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1743053A2 EP1743053A2 EP05747427A EP05747427A EP1743053A2 EP 1743053 A2 EP1743053 A2 EP 1743053A2 EP 05747427 A EP05747427 A EP 05747427A EP 05747427 A EP05747427 A EP 05747427A EP 1743053 A2 EP1743053 A2 EP 1743053A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- substrate
- anode
- open
- stage
- deposition process
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/08—Electroplating with moving electrolyte e.g. jet electroplating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D17/10—Electrodes, e.g. composition, counter electrode
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/50—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of platinum group metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/04—Electroplating with moving electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/18—Electroplating using modulated, pulsed or reversing current
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a corrosion-resistant and / or oxidation-resistant coating according to the preamble of claim 1 and 11. Furthermore, the invention relates to an anode for use in a method for producing a corrosion-resistant and / or oxidation-resistant coating according to the preamble of claim 16.
- components When components, in particular components of gas turbines, are operated at high temperatures, their free surfaces are exposed to strongly corrosive and oxidizing conditions.
- such components can consist, for example, of a nickel-based or cobalt-based superalloy.
- the components are coated. PtAl coatings are preferred, with which particularly good corrosion protection and / or oxidation protection can be achieved.
- EP 0 784 104 B1 discloses a PtAl coating for gas turbine components and a method for producing such a coating. According to the method described there, a PtAl coating is produced on a substrate by depositing a platinum layer on a substrate surface, with platinum being diffused into the substrate surface after the platinum layer has been deposited. After the platinum layer has been deposited and the platinum has diffused in, the substrate coated in this way is analyzed, ie coated with aluminum, the aluminum preferably being diffused into the substrate surface.
- the deposition of platinum on the substrate surface prior to the alitation of the substrate is preferably carried out by galvanic means.
- the present invention relates to details of a method for producing a corrosion-resistant and / or oxidation-resistant coating on a substrate, which relate to the electrodeposition of a metal of the platinum group, in particular of platinum and / or palladium, or an alloy based on at least one metal of the platinum group.
- a uniformly defined deposition of platinum in particular is achieved by galvanic means, in order to achieve a uniform thickness of the platinum coating.
- the coating thickness must not fall below a minimum value of approx.
- the present invention is based on the problem of creating a novel method for producing a corrosion-resistant and / or oxidation-resistant coating.
- the galvanic deposition of the or each metal of the platinum group or the corresponding alloy is carried out in an at least two-stage deposition process, in a first stage of the deposition process a current strength applied for electroplating starting from an initial value continuously or gradually to one Maximum value is increased, and in a second stage of the deposition process the current strength applied for electroplating is kept constant at the maximum value.
- the electrodeposition of the or each metal of the platinum group or the corresponding alloy is carried out using at least one open-cell or open-mesh or porous anode, with a relative movement during the electrodeposition is established between, on the one hand, a galvanic bath and, on the other hand, the substrate and the or each open-cell or open-mesh or porous anode.
- An embodiment of the method according to the invention is particularly preferred in which the two above aspects are combined with one another.
- the anode according to the invention for use in a method for producing a corrosion-resistant and / or oxidation-resistant coating is defined in claim 16.
- Figure 1 is a highly schematic representation of an anode according to the invention according to a first embodiment for use in the method according to the invention.
- 2 shows a highly schematic representation of an anode according to the invention according to a second exemplary embodiment for use in the method according to the invention;
- 3 shows a highly schematic illustration of an anode according to the invention according to a third exemplary embodiment for use in the method according to the invention;
- 4 shows a highly schematic representation of an anode according to the invention according to a fourth exemplary embodiment for use in the method according to the invention;
- 5 shows a highly schematic illustration of an anode according to the invention according to a fifth exemplary embodiment for use in the method according to the invention;
- 6 shows a highly schematic representation of an airfoil profile to be coated with a plurality of anodes according to the invention used;
- FIG. 7 shows a highly schematic representation of a blade root profile to be coated with several anodes according to the invention used.
- the method according to the invention for producing a corrosion-resistant and / or oxidation-resistant coating is described in greater detail below.
- the present invention relates in particular to details relating to the electrodeposition of at least one platinum group metal, in particular platinum and / or palladium, or an alloy based on at least one platinum group metal onto a substrate to be coated.
- platinum and / or palladium or an alloy in this regard has been electrodeposited onto the substrate and before the substrate thus coated, the platinum and / or palladium or the corresponding alloy diffuses into the substrate can.
- the surface pretreatment of the substrate comprises at least the following three steps: In a first step of the surface pretreatment, the surface of the substrate to be coated is blasted. Blasting is carried out with Al 2 0 3 particles which have a particle diameter of 100 to 200 ⁇ m and are directed onto the substrate surface to be blasted with a pressure of 1.5 to 3.5 bar. Blasting works with an overlap of 200 to 1500%, which means that each surface section is blasted between two and fifteen times or is captured by a corresponding number of particle beams. After blasting, the surface of the substrate is bare and free of oxide. After blasting, the blasted surface is electrochemically cleaned or degreased, in a solution containing NaOH. After degreasing or cleaning the substrate surface, it is activated in a 40 to 60 vol% HCl solution.
- the galvanic deposition takes place in an at least two-stage deposition process, in a first stage of the deposition process a current strength applied for galvanization is increased continuously or stepwise to a maximum value from an initial value, and in a second stage the Deposition process the current strength applied for electroplating is kept constant at the maximum value.
- the galvanic deposition is carried out over a total coating time T, the first stage of the deposition process, in which the current strength applied for electroplating is increased continuously or gradually to the maximum value starting from the initial value, in a coating time Ti, and the second stage of the Deposition process, in which the current strength applied for electroplating is kept constant at the maximum value, is carried out in a coating time T 2 .
- the coating time T x of the first stage of the deposition process is approximately 50% of the total coating time
- the current intensity I is continuously increased to the maximum value within the coating time Ti from an initial value which corresponds to approximately 10% of the maximum value l ⁇ x of the current strength applied for electroplating.
- the current intensity I in the coating time T x can be gradually increased from this initial value to the maximum value l ⁇ x .
- the current intensity I applied for galvanic deposition is kept at this maximum value 1, ⁇ during the second stage of the deposition process.
- the coating time Ti of the first stage and the coating time T 2 of the second stage each amount to 50% of the total coating time T
- the initial value of the current intensity I in the first stage of the deposition process is 10% of the maximum current intensity I MAX
- one of the following conditions preferably applies to the current I applied for electrodeposition, the condition (1) corresponding to the continuous increase in the current I in the first phase of the deposition process, and the condition (2) the gradual increase in the current I during the first phase of the deposition process.
- the maximum current I MAX applied for the galvanic deposition corresponds to a magnitude of 0.2 to 3.5 A / dm 2 , depending on the type of galvanic bath used, preferably with maximum currents of 1.5 A. / dm 2 or 2 A / dm 2 worked.
- an initial value of the current intensity I is used which is approximately 10% of the maximum current intensity I MA
- an initial value of the current intensity I which is approximately 15% or also 20% of the maximum current intensity I can also be used MAX is.
- the substrate to be coated is connected cathodically and thus negatively during the entire deposition process, that is to say during the entire first stage and the entire second stage of the deposition process.
- the substrate to be coated can be switched anodically or positively before the actual deposition process and can thus be introduced into the galvanic bath.
- the electrodeposition of the or each metal of the platinum group or the corresponding alloy is carried out using at least one open-cell or open-mesh or porous anode, during the electrodeposition, i.e. during the first phase and second phase of the deposition process, a relative movement is established between the galvanic bath on the one hand and the substrate to be coated and the or each anode on the other hand.
- the anodes 10 to 14 differ in the shape of the perforation openings and in the degree of perforation.
- the open-celled, open-meshed or porous anodes have a degree of perforation between 20% and 80% on.
- the opening width of the perforation openings is between 1 and 10 mm.
- FIGS. 1 to 3 all show anodes according to the invention with a degree of perforation of approximately 60% to 70%, the anode 10 of FIG. 1 having rectangular perforation openings, the anode 11 of FIG. 2 diamond-shaped perforation openings and the anode 12 of FIG. Has 3 circular perforation openings.
- the opening width of the perforation openings of the anodes according to FIGS. 1 to 3 is approximately 4 to 5 mm.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 show two anodes 13 and 14 with diamond-shaped perforation openings, the degree of perforation of the anode 13 according to FIG. 4 being approximately 70% with an opening width of the perforation openings of approximately 8 mm and the degree of perforation of the anode 14 according to FIG 5 is approximately 20% with an opening width of the perforation openings of approximately 1 mm.
- a corresponding flow can be provided, for example, by a pump, which then moves the liquid of the galvanic bath in the laminar flow region at a speed of preferably 0.1 to 5 cm / s ,
- it is also possible to move the substrate to be coated together with the anode in which case, depending on the dimensioning of the galvanic bath, a reversing movement must be realized after a movement length of 0.5 to 20 cm.
- FIG. 6 shows a highly schematic profile of an airfoil 15, the airfoil 15 having a surface 16 with a convex curvature side 17 and a concave curvature side 18.
- an anode with a degree of perforation of preferably 70% is used in the area of the convex curvature side 17 of the airfoil profile. the anode 13 of FIG. 4.
- the anode 13 preferably has a contour which is adapted to the contour of the convex curvature side of the airfoil 15 such that there is a uniform distance between the convex curvature side 17 of the surface 16 and the anode 13 approx. 10 to 20 mm is maintained, and that the anode 13, while maintaining this distance, extends over a section to the surface of the substrate which in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 6 is approximately 70% of the chord length of the convex curvature side 17.
- a total of three anodes are used on the concave curvature side 18 of the airfoil profile, namely two anodes with a degree of perforation of approximately 20% and an anode with a degree of perforation of approximately 50%, the same being true for the anodes a degree of perforation of approximately 20% is preferably the anode 14 of FIG. 5 and the anode with the degree of perforation of approximately 50% is preferably the anode 11 of FIG. 2. As can be seen in FIG. 6, the anode 11 with the degree of perforation of approximately 50% is positioned between the two anodes 14 with a degree of perforation of approximately 20%.
- the anodes 11 and 14 on the concave curvature side 18 as well as the anode 13 on the convex curvature side 17 are contoured such that a uniform distance of in between the anodes 11 and 14 and the concave curvature side 18 of the surface 16 of the substrate 15 about 10 to 20 mm is observed.
- the anodes 11 and 14 extend at a uniform distance along the surface 16 of the airfoil profile 15 in such a way that this section is approximately 80% of the chord length of the concave curvature region.
- anodes with different degrees of perforation and possibly differently designed perforation openings for the electrodeposition of at least one metal of the platinum group or a corresponding alloy.
- Anodes with different degrees of perforation are used on the concave and convex bulge side of the substrate to be coated. Furthermore, the galvanic bath is kept in motion.
- FIG. 7 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention, a gas turbine blade being galvanically coated in the region of a blade root 19 in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 7.
- 7 schematically shows the arrangement of the anodes for the homogeneous, galvanic deposition of at least one metal of the platinum group or a corresponding appropriate alloy in the area of concave undercuts of the blade root 19 of the gas turbine blade shown.
- an A-node with a perforation degree of approximately 20% is preferably used, as is shown for example in FIG. 5. It is also possible to use an anode with a degree of perforation of approximately 50%, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
- an anode with a degree of perforation of 20% for example the anode 14 of FIG. 5, and in the transition area to an airfoil an anode with a degree of perforation of in about 50%, for example anode 11 of FIG. 2 is used.
- the two anodes 11 and 14 are connected to one another by an insulating retaining tab 20.
- the anode 14 used in the root area has a radius that is smaller by a factor of 1.5 to 4 than the radius of the blade root curvature.
- the distance between the or each anode and the substrate surface is kept smaller in curved sections of the substrate surface than in relatively flat surface regions of the substrate.
- the distance of the anodes from the substrate surface is approximately 40% to 90% of the distance of the anodes in the relatively flat surface areas of the substrate.
- a plurality of substrates are preferably coated simultaneously with the or each metal of the platinum group or a corresponding alloy in a galvanic bath. This enables a rational production of relatively large quantities in batch operation. With the method according to the invention, it is also possible to deposit platinum and / or palladium or a corresponding alloy evenly on substrates with a complex, three-dimensional geometry.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004021926A DE102004021926A1 (de) | 2004-05-04 | 2004-05-04 | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Beschichtung sowie Anode zur Verwendung in einem solchen Verfahren |
PCT/DE2005/000811 WO2005108651A2 (de) | 2004-05-04 | 2005-05-02 | Verfahren zur herstellung einer beschichtung sowie anode zur verwendung in einem solchen verfahren |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1743053A2 true EP1743053A2 (de) | 2007-01-17 |
EP1743053B1 EP1743053B1 (de) | 2012-08-29 |
Family
ID=34968980
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05747427A Active EP1743053B1 (de) | 2004-05-04 | 2005-05-02 | Verfahren zur herstellung einer beschichtung |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7771578B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1743053B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102004021926A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005108651A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10361888B3 (de) * | 2003-12-23 | 2005-09-22 | Airbus Deutschland Gmbh | Anodisierverfahren für Aluminiumwerkstoffe |
FR2954780B1 (fr) | 2009-12-29 | 2012-02-03 | Snecma | Procede de depot par voie electrolytique d'un revetement composite a matrice metallique contenant des particules, pour la reparation d'une aube metallique |
US8828214B2 (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2014-09-09 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | System, method, and apparatus for leaching cast components |
JP6226231B2 (ja) | 2013-09-18 | 2017-11-08 | 株式会社Ihi | 熱遮蔽コーティングしたNi合金部品及びその製造方法 |
US10392948B2 (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2019-08-27 | Honeywell International Inc. | Methods and articles relating to ionic liquid bath plating of aluminum-containing layers utilizing shaped consumable aluminum anodes |
Family Cites Families (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3666638A (en) | 1970-04-21 | 1972-05-30 | Sidney Levine | Process for anodizing aluminum materials |
US4085012A (en) | 1974-02-07 | 1978-04-18 | The Boeing Company | Method for providing environmentally stable aluminum surfaces for adhesive bonding and product produced |
GB1555940A (en) | 1977-01-21 | 1979-11-14 | Boeing Co | Aluminium or aluminium alloy adherends and to a method oxide coating on an aluminium or aluminium alloy article |
IT1094825B (it) * | 1978-05-11 | 1985-08-10 | Panclor Chemicals Ltd | Procedimento ed apparecchiatura per l'alogenazione dell'acqua |
US4894127A (en) | 1989-05-24 | 1990-01-16 | The Boeing Company | Method for anodizing aluminum |
DE4211881C2 (de) * | 1992-04-09 | 1994-07-28 | Wmv Ag | Verfahren zum elektrochemischen Aufbringen einer strukturierten Oberflächenbeschichtung |
EP0567755B1 (de) | 1992-04-29 | 1996-09-04 | WALBAR INC. (a Delaware Corporation) | Verbessertes Verfahren zur Diffusionsbeschichtung und Produkte |
US5486283A (en) | 1993-08-02 | 1996-01-23 | Rohr, Inc. | Method for anodizing aluminum and product produced |
CA2165641C (en) | 1994-12-24 | 2007-02-06 | David Stafford Rickerby | A method of applying a thermal barrier coating to a superalloy article and a thermal barrier coating |
US6066405A (en) | 1995-12-22 | 2000-05-23 | General Electric Company | Nickel-base superalloy having an optimized platinum-aluminide coating |
DE19902527B4 (de) * | 1999-01-22 | 2009-06-04 | Hydro Aluminium Deutschland Gmbh | Druckplattenträger und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Druckplattenträgers oder einer Offsetdruckplatte |
US6254756B1 (en) | 1999-08-11 | 2001-07-03 | General Electric Company | Preparation of components having a partial platinum coating thereon |
DE60010405T2 (de) | 1999-10-23 | 2004-09-09 | Rolls-Royce Plc | Korrosionsschutzschicht für metallisches Werkstück und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer korrosionsschützenden Beschichtung auf ein metallisches Werkstück |
US6432821B1 (en) * | 2000-12-18 | 2002-08-13 | Intel Corporation | Method of copper electroplating |
ITTO20010149A1 (it) | 2001-02-20 | 2002-08-20 | Finmeccanica S P A Alenia Aero | Procedimento di anodizzazione a basso impatto ecologico di un pezzo di alluminio o leghe di alluminio. |
US20060049056A1 (en) * | 2002-04-12 | 2006-03-09 | Acm Research, Inc. | Electropolishing and electroplating methods |
US6974531B2 (en) * | 2002-10-15 | 2005-12-13 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method for electroplating on resistive substrates |
DE10350882A1 (de) | 2003-10-31 | 2005-06-02 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Bauteil, Oxidationsschutzbeschichtung für ein solches Bauteil und Herstellverfahren |
DE10361888B3 (de) | 2003-12-23 | 2005-09-22 | Airbus Deutschland Gmbh | Anodisierverfahren für Aluminiumwerkstoffe |
-
2004
- 2004-05-04 DE DE102004021926A patent/DE102004021926A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-05-02 US US11/579,721 patent/US7771578B2/en active Active
- 2005-05-02 EP EP05747427A patent/EP1743053B1/de active Active
- 2005-05-02 WO PCT/DE2005/000811 patent/WO2005108651A2/de active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2005108651A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2005108651A2 (de) | 2005-11-17 |
US7771578B2 (en) | 2010-08-10 |
DE102004021926A1 (de) | 2005-12-01 |
EP1743053B1 (de) | 2012-08-29 |
WO2005108651A3 (de) | 2007-03-22 |
US20080035486A1 (en) | 2008-02-14 |
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