EP1725717A1 - Method for construction of a supporting wall and blocks for carrying out said method - Google Patents

Method for construction of a supporting wall and blocks for carrying out said method

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Publication number
EP1725717A1
EP1725717A1 EP04721822A EP04721822A EP1725717A1 EP 1725717 A1 EP1725717 A1 EP 1725717A1 EP 04721822 A EP04721822 A EP 04721822A EP 04721822 A EP04721822 A EP 04721822A EP 1725717 A1 EP1725717 A1 EP 1725717A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
solid
bricks
stones
cavity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04721822A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1725717B1 (en
EP1725717B8 (en
Inventor
Herbert Groschup
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GROSCHUP, HERBERT
Original Assignee
Ila Bauen & Wohnen Okologische Produkte und Bausysteme Vertriebsgesellschaft Mbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ila Bauen & Wohnen Okologische Produkte und Bausysteme Vertriebsgesellschaft Mbh filed Critical Ila Bauen & Wohnen Okologische Produkte und Bausysteme Vertriebsgesellschaft Mbh
Publication of EP1725717A1 publication Critical patent/EP1725717A1/en
Publication of EP1725717B1 publication Critical patent/EP1725717B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1725717B8 publication Critical patent/EP1725717B8/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
    • E04B2/06—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/24—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element the walls being characterised by fillings in some of the cavities forming load-bearing pillars or beams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
    • E04C1/41—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts composed of insulating material and load-bearing concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0228—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with tongues next to each other on one end surface and grooves next to each other on opposite end surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/023—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with rabbets, e.g. stepped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0256—Special features of building elements
    • E04B2002/0289—Building elements with holes filled with insulating material
    • E04B2002/0293—Building elements with holes filled with insulating material solid material

Definitions

  • the invention is formed by a method for creating a load-bearing masonry, in which at least one hollow chamber stone is placed in a first row of walls in addition to solid solid bricks, each having an opening on its top and bottom sides, in each case in the subsequent rows of walls between the solid bricks at least one chamber stone is placed in such a way that the openings of the chamber stones in adjacent rows of walls overlap at least partially, and a material of high load-bearing capacity is introduced into the coherent cavity formed by the chamber stones.
  • the invention further relates to a solid stone and a chamber stone for carrying out the above method.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method by means of which the load-bearing capacity of the masonry can be varied, in particular increased, after the masonry has been constructed from masonry, non-load-bearing stones.
  • the object of the invention is also to provide building materials which are suitable for carrying out this method.
  • the part of the task relating to the method is solved by the method described at the outset, which offers the advantages that, in a conventional manner known to bricklayers, masonry, for example with a 25 grid system with a conventional one
  • Masonry dressing can be created by assembling the solid bricks and the chamber bricks and the load-bearing capacity of the masonry is increased to the required extent by filling the chamber bricks after completion of the masonry work, so that the masonry stacked one above the other within the brickwork when the masonry is visually uniform a highly resilient column made of high load-bearing material is provided.
  • artificial stones are used for the solid stones and / or the chamber stones, which are made from renewable raw materials, in particular from vegetable fibers such as wood, bamboo, hemp or the like. and are formed from a binder.
  • This design has the great advantage that a diffusion-open brickwork can be created from environmentally friendly building materials, which in addition to the properties that are favorable for the room and living environment still has the necessary load-bearing capacity without having to rely on a stable separate scaffolding made of steel, concrete or wooden stands to be.
  • the openings of the chamber stones from adjacent rows of walls completely overlap. So that the edges of stacked solid stones do not align with each other, the solid stone is in at least two widths provided. It is advantageous if the narrower solid brick has half the width of the wider solid brick, so that the offset of the edges of adjacent rows of walls is determined to be half a brick width.
  • the load-bearing capacity of the masonry is further increased if the side surfaces of the solid and chamber stones are provided with positive profiles.
  • a very particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that a liquid is filled into the cavity.
  • Liquids have the property that they take up the entire volume made available to them, so that the cavity is completely filled and, in particular, air bubbles in the area of the offset of the artificial stones are avoided.
  • the liquid is expediently chosen as a hardening or setting liquid which not only increases the load-bearing capacity of the masonry due to the incompressibility of a liquid in the sense of a hydraulic system, but also provides, for example, a concrete column in the usual way.
  • the concrete column can also be fiber-reinforced by introducing steel or glass fibers into the still liquid concrete.
  • At least one reinforcing strut is introduced into the cavity before the liquids are filled in, so that a steel-concrete structure can be used as a supporting column in the masonry.
  • a flat masonry segment is prefabricated as a wall module and brought to the construction site in combination with other wall modules, the process step of filling the cavity being expediently carried out at the construction site. This then also gives the possibility that the cavity is cast together with the floor slab.
  • the part of the task relating to the solid stones and the chamber stones is achieved in that bumpers and / or tongue and groove designs are realized on the side surfaces.
  • These stones are preferably formed as artificial stones, in which chips obtained from renewable raw materials, in particular from vegetable fibers, are incorporated in a composite by means of cement as a binder and by means of lime as an additive.
  • a better cohesion of the masonry can be achieved if bumpers and / or tongue and groove designs are implemented on the top and bottom.
  • the cavity of the chamber stone is divided into compartments which are connected to one another by contact openings.
  • the contact openings ensure that when the cavity is filled with liquid, the entire volume formed by the cavity is again filled, the compartment dividing it
  • Material is suitable to vary the mechanical properties of the chamber stone. It is also preferred within the scope of the invention if the natural fibers are processed into chips which are incorporated in a composite by means of cement as a binder and by means of lime as an additive. The provision of renewable raw materials in chips causes one
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a part of a masonry formed from solid solid bricks and hollow chamber bricks
  • FIG. 3 shows the section III-III from FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 6 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 1 of masonry with increased load-bearing capacity due to the adjacent arrangement of two chamber bricks in each row of masonry
  • 7 shows section VII-VII from FIG. 6.
  • masonry 1 which consists of artificial stones 2, which are formed from renewable raw materials, namely from plant fibers such as wood,
  • each row of walls 6 contains at least one hollow chamber brick 4, one in each of the following, adjacent rows of walls 6 between the solid bricks 3
  • Chamber stone 4 is placed such that the openings 7 of the chamber stones 4 in adjacent rows of walls 6 overlap.
  • a hardening or setting liquid is introduced, for which, in particular, the use of concrete is appropriate.
  • reinforcing struts or insulating inserts 9 can also be introduced into the cavity 8 before the concrete is poured in, so that a column of reinforced concrete extending over the height of the masonry 1 is provided by the hollow, overlapping chamber stones 4 which the masonry 1, which is formed from artificial stones 2, which renewable raw materials exist, maintains sustainable properties, the level of resilience of the masonry 1 can be varied by the number of chamber stones 4 used per row of walls 6 and their arrangement (Fig. 1, Fig. 6).
  • the full bricks 3 can - to increase the insulation value - be provided with an additional insulation insert 9 of any thickness.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Retaining Walls (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for construction of a supporting wall (1), in which at least one hollow building block (4) is placed between solid full blocks (3) in a first wall course (6), presenting an opening to each of the upper and the lower side thereof (7), whereby, in the subsequent wall courses (6), at least one hollow building block (4) is placed between the full blocks (3), such that the openings (7) of the hollow blocks (4) in adjacent wall courses (6) at least partly overlap each other and a material of high strength is applied into the connected cavity (8), formed by the hollow blocks (4). The invention further relates to full and hollow building blocks for carrying out said method.

Description

Verfahren zur Erstellung eines tragfähigen Mauerwerks sowie Steine für die Durchführung des VerfahrensProcess for creating a stable masonry and stones for carrying out the process
Die Erfindung ist gebildet durch ein Verfahren zur Erstellung eines tragfähigen Mauerwerks, bei dem in einer ersten Mauerreihe neben massiven Vollsteinen mindestens ein hohler Kammerstein platziert wird, der an seiner Oberseite und seiner Unterseite jeweils eine Öffnung aufweist, bei dem in nachfolgenden Mauerreihen zwischen den Vollsteinen jeweils mindestens ein Kammerstein platziert wird derart, daß die Öffnungen der Kammersteine in benachbarten Mauerreihen sich zumindest teilweise überlappen, und bei dem in dem durch die Kammersteine gebildeten zusammenhängenden Hohlraum ein Material hoher Tragfähigkeit eingebracht wird. Gegenstand der Erfindung sind weiterhin ein Vollstein und ein Kammerstein für die Durchführung des vorstehenden Verfahrens .The invention is formed by a method for creating a load-bearing masonry, in which at least one hollow chamber stone is placed in a first row of walls in addition to solid solid bricks, each having an opening on its top and bottom sides, in each case in the subsequent rows of walls between the solid bricks at least one chamber stone is placed in such a way that the openings of the chamber stones in adjacent rows of walls overlap at least partially, and a material of high load-bearing capacity is introduced into the coherent cavity formed by the chamber stones. The invention further relates to a solid stone and a chamber stone for carrying out the above method.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind seit langem Verfahren bekannt, wie unmittelbar an der Baustelle unter Verwendung von Steinen aus mineralischen Materialen durch Steinsetzer beziehungsweise Maurer ein Mauerwerk hochgezogen werden kann. Im Stand der Technik hat es weiterhin auch schon den Vorschlag gegeben, statt Steinen aus mineralischen Materialien Formsteine einzusetzen, die aus nachwachsenden, biologischen Rohstoffen bestehen, die allerdings mit dem Nachteil behaftet sind, selber kein tragfähiges Mauerwerk bereitstellen zu können, so daß in der EP 0 838 575 Bl der Vorschlag enthalten ist, eine tragfähige Tragkonstruktion aus Holz zu erstellen und die Zwischenräume der Tragekonstruktion mit entsprechenden Formsteinen auszufachen. Das in dieser Druckschrift vorgestellte Bausystem hat sich in der Praxis bewährt, ist allerdings mit dem Nachteil des erhöhten Aufwandes verbunden, der zur Erstellung der Tragekonstruktion erforderlich ist, die bei einem Mauerwerk aus konventionellen Steinen nicht benötigt wird. Außerdem ist es nicht möglich, eine Beton-Massivdecke zu erstellen.Processes for a long time have known from the prior art of how masonry can be raised directly at the construction site using stones made of mineral materials by stone setters or masons. In the prior art there was also the suggestion to use stones made of mineral materials instead of stones made of renewable, biological raw materials, which, however, have the disadvantage of not being able to provide stable masonry itself, so that in the EP 0 838 575 Bl the suggestion is to create a load-bearing structure made of wood and to fill the spaces between the structure with appropriate shaped stones. The building system presented in this document has proven itself in practice, but is associated with the disadvantage of the increased effort that is required to create the supporting structure, which is not required for masonry made of conventional stones. In addition, it is not possible to create a solid concrete ceiling.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren anzugeben, mit dem die Tragfähigkeit des Mauerwerks nach dessen Erstellung aus gemauerten, nichttragenden Steinen den Anforderungen entsprechend variiert, insbesondere erhöht werden kann. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es weiterhin, Baumaterialien bereitzustellen, die zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens geeignet sind. Der das Verfahren betreffende Teil der Aufgabe wird durch das eingangs dargestellte Verfahren gelöst, daß die Vorteile bietet, daß in konventioneller, für den Maurer gewohnter Weise ein Mauerwerk beispielsweise mit einem 25er Rastersystem mit einem konventionellenThe invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method by means of which the load-bearing capacity of the masonry can be varied, in particular increased, after the masonry has been constructed from masonry, non-load-bearing stones. The object of the invention is also to provide building materials which are suitable for carrying out this method. The part of the task relating to the method is solved by the method described at the outset, which offers the advantages that, in a conventional manner known to bricklayers, masonry, for example with a 25 grid system with a conventional one
Mauerwerksverband durch das Zusammensetzen der Vollsteine und der Kammersteine erstellt werden kann und die Tragfähigkeit des Mauerwerks nach Abschluß der Maurerarbeiten durch das Verfüllen der Kammersteine auf das erforderliche Maß gesteigert wird, so daß bei einem von außen optisch einheitlichen Mauerwerk durch die übereinander gesetzten Kammersteine innerhalb des Mauerwerks eine hoch belastbare Säule aus dem Material hoher Tragfähigkeit bereitgestellt ist.Masonry dressing can be created by assembling the solid bricks and the chamber bricks and the load-bearing capacity of the masonry is increased to the required extent by filling the chamber bricks after completion of the masonry work, so that the masonry stacked one above the other within the brickwork when the masonry is visually uniform a highly resilient column made of high load-bearing material is provided.
Bevorzugt ist dabei, wenn für die Vollsteine und/oder die Kammersteine Kunststeine verwendet werden, die aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen, insbesondere aus Pflanzenfasern wie Holz, Bambus, Hanf oder dergl . und aus einem Bindemittel gebildet sind. Mit dieser Ausführung ist der große Vorteil verbunden, daß aus umweltverträglichen Baustoffen ein diffusionsoffenes Mauerwerk erstellt werden kann, das neben den für das Raum- und Wohnklima günstigen Eigenschaften dennoch die erforderliche Tragfähigkeit aufweist, ohne auf ein tragfähiges separates Gerüst aus Stahl, Beton oder Holzständern angewiesen zu sein.It is preferred if artificial stones are used for the solid stones and / or the chamber stones, which are made from renewable raw materials, in particular from vegetable fibers such as wood, bamboo, hemp or the like. and are formed from a binder. This design has the great advantage that a diffusion-open brickwork can be created from environmentally friendly building materials, which in addition to the properties that are favorable for the room and living environment still has the necessary load-bearing capacity without having to rely on a stable separate scaffolding made of steel, concrete or wooden stands to be.
Zur Vermeidung einer Schwachstelle in dem Mauerwerk und zur Maximierung der Tragfähgikeit ist vorgesehen, daß die Öffnungen der Kammersteine aus benachbarten Mauerreihen sich vollständige überlappen. Damit die Ränder übereinander angeordneter Vollsteine nicht miteinander fluchten, wird der Vollstein in mindestens zwei Breiten bereit gestellt. Günstig ist dabei, wenn der schmalere Vollstein die halbe Breite des breiteren Vollsteins aufweist, so daß der Versatz der Kanten benachbarter Mauerreihen zu einer halben Steinbreite bestimmt wird. Die Belastbarkeit des Mauerwerks wird weiter gesteigert, wenn die Seitenflächen der Vollsteine und der Kammersteine mit formschlüssigen Profilierungen versehen werden.To avoid a weak point in the masonry and to maximize the load-bearing capacity, it is provided that the openings of the chamber stones from adjacent rows of walls completely overlap. So that the edges of stacked solid stones do not align with each other, the solid stone is in at least two widths provided. It is advantageous if the narrower solid brick has half the width of the wider solid brick, so that the offset of the edges of adjacent rows of walls is determined to be half a brick width. The load-bearing capacity of the masonry is further increased if the side surfaces of the solid and chamber stones are provided with positive profiles.
Um die Wärmeleitfähigkeit des Mauerwerks zu variieren, insbesondere zu senken, besteht die Möglichkeit, daß in den Hohlraum eine Dämmeinlage eingebracht wird.In order to vary the thermal conductivity of the masonry, in particular to lower it, there is the possibility that an insulation insert is introduced into the cavity.
Eine ganz besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in den Hohlraum eine Flüssigkeit eingefüllt wird. Flüssigkeiten haben die Eigenschaft, daß diese das gesamte ihnen zur Verfügung gestellte Volumen einnehmen, so daß der Hohlraum vollständig ausgefüllt wird und insbesondere Luftblasen im Bereich des Versatzes der Kunststeine vermieden sind. Zweckmäßigerweise wird die Flüssigkeit als eine aushärtende beziehungsweise abbindende Flüssigkeit gewählt, die die Tragfähigkeit des Mauerwerkes nicht nur aufgrund der Inkompressibilitat einer Flüssigkeit im Sinne einer Hydraulik erhöht, sondern auch in gewohnter Weise beispielsweise eine Betonsäule bereitstellt. DieseA very particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that a liquid is filled into the cavity. Liquids have the property that they take up the entire volume made available to them, so that the cavity is completely filled and, in particular, air bubbles in the area of the offset of the artificial stones are avoided. The liquid is expediently chosen as a hardening or setting liquid which not only increases the load-bearing capacity of the masonry due to the incompressibility of a liquid in the sense of a hydraulic system, but also provides, for example, a concrete column in the usual way. This
Betonsäule kann auch faserarmiert sein durch Einbringen von Stahl- oder Glasfasern in den noch flüssigen Beton.The concrete column can also be fiber-reinforced by introducing steel or glass fibers into the still liquid concrete.
Es besteht weiterhin die vorteilhafte Möglichkeit, daß in den Hohlraum vor dem Einfüllen der Flüssigkeiten mindestens eine Verstärkungsstrebe eingebracht wird, so daß als tragende Säule in dem Mauerwerk ein Stahl-Betongebilde nutzbar ist. Im Sinne einer Rationalisierung des Verfahrens zur Erstellung des Mauerwerkes besteht auch die Möglichkeit, daß ein planes Mauerwerksegment als Wandmodul vorgefertigt und zur Kombination mit weiteren Wandmodulen zur Baustelle verbracht wird, wobei zweckmäßigerweise dann der Verfahrensschritt der Befüllung des Hohlraumes an der Baustelle ausgeführt wird. Dies ergibt dann auch die Möglichkeit, daß der Hohlraum gemeinsam mit der Geschossdecke gegossen wird.There is also the advantageous possibility that at least one reinforcing strut is introduced into the cavity before the liquids are filled in, so that a steel-concrete structure can be used as a supporting column in the masonry. In the sense of rationalizing the process for creating the masonry, there is also the possibility that a flat masonry segment is prefabricated as a wall module and brought to the construction site in combination with other wall modules, the process step of filling the cavity being expediently carried out at the construction site. This then also gives the possibility that the cavity is cast together with the floor slab.
Der die Vollsteine und die Kammersteine betreffende Teil der Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß an den Seitenflächen Stoßleisten und/oder Nut-Federausbildungen realisiert sind. Vorzugsweise sind diese Steine als Kunststeine gebildet, in die aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen, insbesondere aus Pflanzenfasern gewonnene Späne mittels Zement als Bindemittel und mittels Kalk als Zuschlagstoff in einem Verbund eingebunden sind.The part of the task relating to the solid stones and the chamber stones is achieved in that bumpers and / or tongue and groove designs are realized on the side surfaces. These stones are preferably formed as artificial stones, in which chips obtained from renewable raw materials, in particular from vegetable fibers, are incorporated in a composite by means of cement as a binder and by means of lime as an additive.
Einen besseren Zusammenhalt des Mauerwerks erreicht man, wenn auf der Ober- und Unterseite Stoßleisten und/oder Nut-Federausbildungen realisiert sind.A better cohesion of the masonry can be achieved if bumpers and / or tongue and groove designs are implemented on the top and bottom.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung besteht weiterhin die Möglichkeit, daß der Hohlraum des Kammersteines in Kompartimente unterteilt ist, die durch Kontaktöffnungen miteinander in Verbindung stehen. Die Kontaktöffnungen stellen sicher, daß beim Verfüllen des Hohlraumes mit Flüssigkeit wiederum das gesamte durch den Hohlraum gebildete Volumen ausgefüllt wird, wobei das die Kompartimente unterteilendeIn the context of the invention there is also the possibility that the cavity of the chamber stone is divided into compartments which are connected to one another by contact openings. The contact openings ensure that when the cavity is filled with liquid, the entire volume formed by the cavity is again filled, the compartment dividing it
Material geeignet ist, um die mechanischen Eigenschaften des Kammersteines zu variieren. Bevorzugt im Rahmen der Erfindung ist weiterhin, wenn die Naturfasern zu Spänen verarbeitet sind, die mittels Zement als Bindemittel und mittels Kalk als Zuschlagstoff in einem Verbund eingebunden sind. Die Bereitstellung der nachwachsenden Rohstoffe in Spänen bewirkt eineMaterial is suitable to vary the mechanical properties of the chamber stone. It is also preferred within the scope of the invention if the natural fibers are processed into chips which are incorporated in a composite by means of cement as a binder and by means of lime as an additive. The provision of renewable raw materials in chips causes one
Homogenisierung der Eigenschaften des Kunststeines, da es keine durch eine bestimmte Ausrichtung der Pflanzenfasern bevorzugte Richtung gibt .Homogenization of the properties of the artificial stone, since there is no preferred direction due to a specific orientation of the plant fibers.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung an einem in der Zeichung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert; es zeigen:The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing; show it:
Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines aus massiven Vollsteinen und hohlen Kammersteinen gebildeten Teil eines Mauerwerks,1 is a perspective view of a part of a masonry formed from solid solid bricks and hollow chamber bricks,
Fig. 2 den Schnitt II-II aus Fig. 1,2 shows the section II-II from FIG. 1,
Fig. 3 den Schnitt III-III aus Fig. 1,3 shows the section III-III from FIG. 1,
Fig. 4 eine der Figur 1 entsprechende Darstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform,4 a representation corresponding to FIG. 1 of a further embodiment,
Fig. 5 den Schnitt V-V aus Figur 4,5 shows the section V-V from FIG. 4,
Fig. 6 eine der Figur 1 entsprechende Darstellung eines Mauerwerks mit erhöhter Tragfähigkeit durch benachbarte Anordnung zweier Kammersteine in jeder Mauerwerksreihe, und Fig. 7 den Schnitt VII-VII aus Figur 6.6 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 1 of masonry with increased load-bearing capacity due to the adjacent arrangement of two chamber bricks in each row of masonry, and 7 shows section VII-VII from FIG. 6.
In der Zeichnung ist ein Mauerwerk 1 dargestellt, das aus Kunststeinen 2 besteht, die aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen gebildet sind, nämlich aus Pflanzenfasern wie Holz,In the drawing, masonry 1 is shown, which consists of artificial stones 2, which are formed from renewable raw materials, namely from plant fibers such as wood,
Bambus, Hanf oder dergleichen, wobei die Pflanzenfasern zu Spänen verarbeitet werden, die mittels Zement als Bindemittel und mittels Kalk als Zuschlagstoffe in einen Verbund eingebunden sind. Die Kunststeine 2 werden in zwei Ausführungsformen bereitgestellt, nämlich zum einen als massiver Vollstein 3 und zum anderen als hohler Kammerstein 4 , wobei bei dem in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel an den Seitenflächen Stoßleisten 5 ausgebildet sind, so daß die Vollsteine 3 und die Kammersteine 4 in der aus Fig. 3 ersichtlichen Weise zur Bildung einer Mauerreihe 6 zusammengesetzt werden können. Gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren beinhaltet jede Mauerreihe 6 mindestens einen hohlen Kammerstein 4, wobei in nachfolgenden, benachbarten Mauerreihen 6 zwischen den Vollsteinen 3 jeweils einBamboo, hemp or the like, with the plant fibers being processed into chips, which are incorporated into a composite by means of cement as a binder and by means of lime as additives. The artificial stones 2 are provided in two embodiments, namely on the one hand as a solid solid stone 3 and on the other hand as a hollow chamber stone 4, wherein in the embodiment shown in the drawing, bumper strips 5 are formed on the side surfaces, so that the solid stones 3 and the chamber stones 4 in the apparent from Fig. 3 can be assembled to form a row of walls 6. According to the method according to the invention, each row of walls 6 contains at least one hollow chamber brick 4, one in each of the following, adjacent rows of walls 6 between the solid bricks 3
Kammerstein 4 derart platziert wird, daß die Öffnungen 7 der Kammersteine 4 in benachbarten Mauerreihen 6 sich überlappen. In dem so gebildeten zusammenhängenden Hohlraum 8 wird eine aushärtende beziehungsweise abbindende Flüssigkeit eingebracht, für die sich insbesondere die Verwendung von Beton anbietet . Zu beachten ist weiterhin, daß in den Hohlraum 8 vor dem Einfüllen des Betons auch Verstärkungsstreben oder Dämmeinlagen 9 eingebracht werden können, so daß durch die hohlen, sich überlappenden Kammersteine 4 eine sich über die Höhe des Mauerwerks 1 erstreckende Säule aus Stahlbeton bereitgestellt wird, durch die das Mauerwerk 1, das aus Kunststeinen 2 gebildet ist, die aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen bestehen, tragfähige Eigenschaften erhält, wobei die Höhe der Belastbarkeit des Mauerwerkes 1 variiert werden kann, durch die Anzahl der pro Mauerreihe 6 verwendeten Kammersteine 4 und deren Anordnung (Fig. 1, Fig. 6) . Da die Vollsteine 3 in unterschiedlichen Breiten (Fig. 5) hergestellt und bereit gestellt werden, kann zwischen den benachbarten Mauerreihen 6 ein Versatz erzeugt werden, der die Stabilität erhöht. Die Vollsteine 3 können - zur Erhöhung des Dämmwertes - mit einer zusätzlichen Dämmeinlage 9 beliebiger Dicke versehen werden. Chamber stone 4 is placed such that the openings 7 of the chamber stones 4 in adjacent rows of walls 6 overlap. In the coherent cavity 8 formed in this way, a hardening or setting liquid is introduced, for which, in particular, the use of concrete is appropriate. It should also be noted that reinforcing struts or insulating inserts 9 can also be introduced into the cavity 8 before the concrete is poured in, so that a column of reinforced concrete extending over the height of the masonry 1 is provided by the hollow, overlapping chamber stones 4 which the masonry 1, which is formed from artificial stones 2, which renewable raw materials exist, maintains sustainable properties, the level of resilience of the masonry 1 can be varied by the number of chamber stones 4 used per row of walls 6 and their arrangement (Fig. 1, Fig. 6). Since the solid bricks 3 are produced and made available in different widths (FIG. 5), an offset can be generated between the adjacent rows of walls 6, which increases the stability. The full bricks 3 can - to increase the insulation value - be provided with an additional insulation insert 9 of any thickness.

Claims

Patentansprüche : Claims:
1. Verfahren zur Erstellung eines tragfähigen Mauerwerks (1) , bei dem in einer ersten Mauerreihe (6) neben massive Vollsteine (3) mindestens ein hohler Kammerstein (4) platziert wird, der an seiner Oberseite und seiner Unterseite jeweils eine Öffnung (7) aufweist, bei dem in nachfolgenden Mauerreihen (6) zwischen den Vollsteinen (3) jeweils mindestens ein Kammerstein (4) platziert wird derart, daß die Öffnungen (7) der Kammersteine (4) in benachbarten Mauerreihen (6) sich zumindest teilweise überlappen, und bei dem in dem durch die Kammersteine (4) gebildeten zusammenhängenden Hohlraum (8) ein Material hoher Tragfähigkeit eingebracht wird.1. Method for creating a load-bearing masonry (1), in which at least one hollow chamber brick (4) is placed in a first row of walls (6) next to solid solid bricks (3), each of which has an opening (7) on its top and bottom. has, in which in the subsequent rows of walls (6) between the solid bricks (3) at least one chamber brick (4) is placed such that the openings (7) of the chamber bricks (4) in adjacent rows of walls (6) overlap at least partially, and in the continuous cavity (8) formed by the chamber stones (4), a material of high load-bearing capacity is introduced.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für die Vollsteine (3) und/oder die Kammersteine (4) Kunststeine (2) verwendet werden, die aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen, insbesondere aus Pflanzenfasern wie Holz, Bambus, Hanf oder dergl . , und aus einem Bindemittel gebildet sind.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that for the full stones (3) and / or the chamber stones (4) artificial stones (2) are used, which are made from renewable raw materials, in particular from vegetable fibers such as wood, bamboo, hemp or the like. , and are formed from a binder.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Öffnungen (7) der Kammersteine (4) aus benachbarten Mauerreihen (6) sich vollständig überlappen.Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the openings (7) of the chamber bricks (4) from adjacent rows of walls (6) completely overlap.
Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Vollstein (3) in mindestens zwei Breiten bereit gestellt wird. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the solid brick (3) is provided in at least two widths.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der schmalere Vollsteine (3) die halbe Breite des breiteren Vollsteins (3) aufweist.5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the narrower solid bricks (3) has half the width of the wider solid brick (3).
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Seitenflächen der Vollsteine (3) und der Kammersteine (4) mit formschlüssig in einander greifenden Profilierungen versehen werden.6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the side surfaces of the solid bricks (3) and the chamber bricks (4) are provided with interlocking interlocking profiles.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in den Hohlraum (8) eine Dämmeinlage (9) eingebracht wird.7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that an insulating insert (9) is introduced into the cavity (8).
8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in den Hohlraum (8) eine Flüssigkeit eingefüllt wird.8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a liquid is filled into the cavity (8).
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Flüssigkeit als eine aushärtende bzw abbindende Flüssigkeit gewählt wird.9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the liquid is selected as a hardening or setting liquid.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in den Hohlraum (8) vor dem Einfüllen der Flüssigkeit mindestens eine Verstärkungstrebe eingebracht wird.10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that at least one reinforcing strut is introduced into the cavity (8) before filling the liquid.
11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein planes Mauerwerkssegment als Wandmodul aus den Vollsteinen (3) und den Kammersteinen (4) vorgefertigt und zur Kombination mit weiteren Wandmodulen zur Baustelle verbracht wird. 11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a flat masonry segment is prefabricated as a wall module from the solid bricks (3) and the chamber bricks (4) and is brought to the construction site in combination with other wall modules.
12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verfüllung des Hohlraums (8) an der Baustelle ausgeführt wird.12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the filling of the cavity (8) is carried out at the construction site.
13. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hohlraum (8) eines Kammersteines (4) gemeinsam mit der Geschoßdecke gegossen wird.13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the cavity (8) of a chamber stone (4) is cast together with the floor ceiling.
14. Vollsteine und Kammersteine für die Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an den Seitenflächen Stoßleisten (5) und/oder Nut-Feder-Ausbildungen realisiert sind.14. solid stones and chamber stones for performing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that bumper strips (5) and / or tongue and groove designs are realized on the side surfaces.
15. Vollstein und Kammerstein nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß nachwachsende Rohstoffen, insbesondere aus Pflanzenfasern gewonnene Späne mittels Zement als Bindemittel und mittels Kalk als Zuschlagstoff in einen Verbund eingebunden sind.15. Solid stone and chamber stone according to claim 14, characterized in that renewable raw materials, in particular chips obtained from vegetable fibers, are incorporated into a composite by means of cement as a binder and by means of lime as an additive.
16. Kammerstein nach Anspruch 14 oder 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf der Ober- und Unterseite Stoßleisten (5) und/oder Nut-Feder-Ausbildungen realisiert sind.16. Chamber stone according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that on the top and bottom bumper strips (5) and / or tongue and groove designs are realized.
17. Kammerstein nach einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 16, dadurch gezeichnet, daß der Hohlraum (8) des Kammersteines (4) in Kompartimente unterteilt ist, die durch KontaktÖffnungen miteinander in Verbindung stehen. 17. Chamber stone according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the cavity (8) of the chamber stone (4) is divided into compartments which are connected to one another by contact openings.
EP04721822.7A 2004-03-19 2004-03-19 Method for construction of a supporting wall and blocks for carrying out said method Expired - Lifetime EP1725717B8 (en)

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PCT/DE2004/000582 WO2005093182A1 (en) 2004-03-19 2004-03-19 Method for construction of a supporting wall and blocks for carrying out said method

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EP1725717A1 true EP1725717A1 (en) 2006-11-29
EP1725717B1 EP1725717B1 (en) 2018-08-15
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CA (1) CA2560428A1 (en)
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FR3111367A1 (en) 2020-06-16 2021-12-17 Gérald LAIGNEL building brick
DE102022213094A1 (en) 2022-12-05 2024-06-06 Herbert Groschup Chamber brick, masonry and method for producing a chamber brick

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PL2505730T3 (en) 2011-03-30 2014-03-31 Pavatex Sa Wood brick comprising soft wood fibre boards

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3111367A1 (en) 2020-06-16 2021-12-17 Gérald LAIGNEL building brick
WO2021254791A1 (en) 2020-06-16 2021-12-23 Laignel Gerald Building brick and method for building a wall with such bricks
DE102022213094A1 (en) 2022-12-05 2024-06-06 Herbert Groschup Chamber brick, masonry and method for producing a chamber brick
EP4382688A1 (en) 2022-12-05 2024-06-12 Herbert Groschup Hollow brick, masonry and method for producing a hollow brick

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WO2005093182A1 (en) 2005-10-06
DE112004002881A5 (en) 2007-05-31
EP1725717B1 (en) 2018-08-15
RU92886U1 (en) 2010-04-10
EP1725717B8 (en) 2018-10-17
CA2560428A1 (en) 2005-10-06

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